CN110202527B - Device and method for disassembling the upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and method for disassembling and assembling an upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher. The outer side of the screw hole is provided with a positioning groove; the lower part of the flange of the upper frame is connected with a screw, and the outer side of the screw of the flange of the upper frame is provided with a guide groove. The positioning tool includes a suspension part and a supporting part. The suspension of the positioning tool The part is located in the guide groove of the flange of the upper frame and hangs on the flange of the lower frame. The disassembly nut is put into the sleeve of the hydraulic wrench and fixed. The disassembly nut is threaded with the screw, and the screw passes through the flange of the lower frame. The screw hole and the speed sensor are installed on the support part of the positioning tool. The present invention installs and disassembles the nut through the positioning tool, drives the hydraulic wrench through the hydraulic station, rotates the dismounting nut, and drives the screw rod to move up and down, thereby completing the separation and cooperation of the flange of the upper frame and the flange of the lower frame, and disassembling and assembling the upper frame The personnel and time costs are greatly reduced.

Description

Device and method for disassembling and disassembling upper frame of single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of crushers, in particular to a frame dismounting device for a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher.

Background technique

The single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher can be widely used in various industrial fields such as black, non-ferrous, non-metallic mines and sand and gravel. The characteristics of large crushing force, high production efficiency, laminated crushing, uniform grain shape of the finished product, less consumption of consumable parts, and low operating cost make the single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher play an indispensable role in the crushing industry. Its principle is that a pair of meshing gears drives the eccentric mechanism to perform a swinging motion to squeeze and crush the materials in the crushing cavity.

It is precisely because of this working principle that there are strict requirements for the cooperation of the upper and lower frames. Therefore, the upper and lower frames of the common single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher are often assembled together by screw threads, and an interference fit is also required. , due to the relationship between the rack structure itself and the installation space, the cost of personnel and time consumed in the process of installing and disassembling the upper rack is relatively high. , cyclic tightening, and the upper frame is pushed open. 2. Add a wedge at the joint between the upper frame and the lower frame, and push out the upper frame by driving wedges to the surrounding wedges. 3. At the same time through the above two together. 4. Weld the steel plate on the upper frame, then use a jack to place it on the support frame, and push the upper frame away. After disassembly, the welded steel plate needs to be cut by flame cutting, which is easy to damage the upper frame. The above methods are all manual operations, which require simultaneous and uniform application of force all around, which consumes personnel costs and time costs, and cannot be used when the upper frame is disassembled, which affects on-site production efficiency.

In the patent "Disassembly Structure of Hydraulic Cone Crusher" (201220715992.2), it is proposed to dig four holes on the flange surface of the lower frame for the installation of jacks, and directly open the upper frame. The degree of strength weakening is too large, and it cannot be used when the upper and lower racks are installed. It is not considered that the crusher has been used for a long time, resulting in uneven distribution of adhesion force on the upper and lower flange surfaces, and forced to open the upper and lower rack flanges. cause damage.

The disassembly and assembly method proposed in the patent "A Compound Single-Cylinder Hydraulic Cone Crusher" (201710042434.1) uses a piston rod to drive the disassembly and installation of the upper and lower frames, but there are still two defects as follows: 1. The equipment is in use There may be rust during the process, resulting in different disassembly forces required for each side during the disassembly process. If the same force is used to disassemble each side, it may cause the flange of the upper frame to deform, causing the main machine to tilt as a whole or damage the disassembly device itself . 2. It is impossible to monitor and feedback the disassembly situation during the disassembly process.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above existing problems, the present invention provides a device for disassembling and assembling the upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher. With this device, the cost of personnel and time for disassembling and assembling the upper frame is greatly reduced, and the power source is provided by the equipment itself. The hydraulic station can be automatically adjusted through the feedback system during disassembly and assembly, making the whole process stable and saving space and cost.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions. A dismounting device for an upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher, comprising an upper frame flange, a lower frame flange, a disassembly nut, a screw rod, a positioning tool and a hydraulic wrench, and the outer side of the screw hole of the lower frame flange is There is a positioning groove; the lower part of the flange of the upper frame is connected with a screw, and the outer side of the screw of the flange of the upper frame is provided with a guide groove, and the hydraulic wrench is fixed with the positioning tool, and the positioning tool includes a suspension part and a support part , the suspension part and the support part are parallel to each other, and the suspension part and the support part are connected through the intermediate connection part, the suspension part of the positioning tool is located in the guide groove of the upper frame flange and hangs on the lower frame flange, the hydraulic pressure There is a sleeve on the head of the wrench, the disassembly nut is put into the sleeve of the hydraulic wrench and fixed, the screw passes through the screw hole of the flange of the lower frame, the disassembly nut is threadedly connected with the screw, and the screw passes through the flange of the lower frame The screw hole, the speed sensor is installed on the support part of the positioning tool, and the reflection point is set at the disassembly nut or sleeve, the probe of the speed sensor is aligned with the reflection point, and the oil inlet and return port of the hydraulic wrench is connected to the hydraulic station. The hydraulic wrench, speed sensor and hydraulic station are all connected to the electric control box and controller. Use the sleeve of the hydraulic wrench to rotate the dismounting nut to disassemble the upper frame, measure the rotational speed of the dismounting nut through the speed sensor, and judge the screw jacking height by the number of turns of the dismounting nut.

Further preferably, bosses are processed on the surface of the suspension part that cooperates with the flange of the lower frame, and the bosses cooperate with the positioning grooves on the flange of the lower frame to complete the installation and positioning of the positioning tool.

Further preferably, a mounting plate is provided at the tail of the hydraulic wrench, and a replaceable sleeve is provided at the head, the hydraulic wrench is fixedly connected to the positioning tool through the mounting plate, and the sleeve of the hydraulic wrench is set above the positioning circular groove of the support part.

Further preferably, the lower end of the removable nut is provided with a thrust bearing, and the thrust bearing is arranged in the positioning circular groove of the support part, and the upper end of the removable nut is covered with a wear-resistant gasket, and the wear-resistant gasket is placed on the removable nut. Between the flange of the upper frame, the friction force is reduced, and the upper frame is protected from wear.

Further preferably, the oil inlet and outlet ports of the hydraulic wrench are connected to the proportional speed regulating valve, the proportional speed regulating valve is connected to the load sensing variable pump, the load sensing variable pump is connected to the hydraulic station, and the proportional speed regulating valve and the load sensing variable pump are connected to the hydraulic station. The load-sensitive variable pump and proportional speed regulating valve are used in the hydraulic oil station. After receiving the signal transmitted by the speed sensor, the controller adjusts the current of the proportional speed regulating valve corresponding to the specified hydraulic wrench to change the flow rate input by the hydraulic wrench, thereby adjusting Removal force or installation force.

The present invention also provides a method for disassembling and assembling the upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher. The movement is perpendicular to the flange surface of the upper frame, and the axial movement of the dismounting nut is restricted by the positioning tool and the lower frame, so that the upper frame is subjected to an upward or downward force, and the disassembly is driven by controlling the oil circuit of the hydraulic wrench. The rotation of the mounting nut completes the disassembly and fit of the interference part of the upper frame and the lower frame, gives the same flow rate to the hydraulic wrench around the upper frame, and monitors the disassembly and assembly of the upper frame through the speed sensor to monitor the speed of the disassembly nut. The lifting and closing speed and required force of each side of the flange of the upper frame when closing, when the number of turns of the disassembly nut at a certain position is less, the flow of hydraulic oil will be increased, and when the disassembly nut at a certain position rotates When the number of turns is faster, the flow rate of hydraulic oil is reduced. In this way, the removal force of the disassembly nuts around is adjusted so that the upper frame can be disassembled and installed smoothly.

The lifting speed of the upper frame = the speed of dismounting the nut × the lead of the screw, and the speed of dismounting the nut is expressed by the following formula:

Among them: V _{disassembly and assembly of nuts} - speed of disassembly and assembly of nuts k - loss coefficient F _{driving force} - driving force of hydraulic wrench μ - friction coefficient on the screw and nut F _{up and down} - disassembly resistance between the upper and lower racks m _{dismounting nut quality} - quality dismounting nut t _{unit time} - running unit time.

The present invention installs and disassembles the nut through the positioning tool. Drive the hydraulic wrench through the hydraulic station, control the positive and negative rotation through the electric control box and the controller, turn the disassembly nut, and drive the screw to move up and down, so as to complete the separation and fit of the flange of the upper frame and the flange of the lower frame.

The traditional hydraulic single-cylinder cone crusher only manually twists the jacking screws around with a wrench to lift the interference fit part of the upper and lower frames, or uses a jack, which is time-consuming and laborious, and it is easy to damage the upper frame, and it cannot be installed on the upper frame. use. The invention saves manpower and can be used during disassembly and assembly. There is also a balance feedback adjustment system in the whole process, which can be completed by operating the controller and the electric control box. The operation is simple and convenient, and greatly saves the cost of assembly personnel and time.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the dismounting device for the upper frame of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the upper frame.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning tool and the sensor.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic wrench.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the positioning tool and the hydraulic wrench.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of installing reflection points at the bottom of the sleeve.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the section results of the upper frame dismounting device.

Fig. 8 is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system.

Figure 10 is a feedback flow chart.

In the figure: 1. Lower frame; 11. Lower frame flange; 12. Positioning groove; 2. Upper frame; 21. Guide groove; 22. Upper frame flange; 3. Positioning tool; 31. Suspension ;32. Support part; 33. Positioning circular groove; 4. Hydraulic wrench; 41. Mounting plate; 42. Sleeve; 5. Speed sensor; 6. Thrust bearing; 7. Disassembly nut; 8. Wear-resistant gasket ; 9. Screw; 10. Connecting bolt group; 13. Proportional speed control valve; 14. Load sensitive variable pump; 15. Hydraulic station; 16. Electric control box and controller.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be further explained in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1-7, a disassembly device for the upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher, including a disassembly nut 7, a screw rod 9, a positioning tool 3 and a hydraulic wrench 4, and the lower frame 1 is provided with a lower frame flange 11. The outer side of the screw hole of the lower frame flange 11 is provided with a positioning groove 12, the upper frame 2 is provided with an upper frame flange 22, the lower part of the upper frame flange 22 is connected with a screw 9, and the upper frame flange 22 A guide groove 21 is provided on the outside of the screw rod 9 .

As shown in Figure 3, the positioning tool 3 includes a suspension part 31 and a support part 32, the suspension part 31 and the support part 32 are parallel to each other, and the suspension part 31 and the support part 32 are connected through an intermediate connection part, and the support part 32 is provided with a positioning circular groove 33. The support part 32 is equipped with a speed sensor 5, and the surface of the suspension part 31 and the lower frame flange 11 is processed with a boss, and the boss cooperates with the positioning groove 12 on the lower frame flange 11 to complete the installation and positioning of the positioning tool 3.

The structure of the hydraulic wrench 4 is shown in Figure 4, the tail of the hydraulic wrench 4 is provided with a mounting plate 41, and the head has a replaceable sleeve 42, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the hydraulic wrench 4 is connected to the positioning tool through the mounting plate 41 3 Fixed connection, the sleeve 42 of the hydraulic wrench 4 is set above the positioning circular groove 33 of the support part 32, the disassembly nut 7 is arranged in the sleeve 42, and the lower end of the disassembly nut 7 is provided with a thrust bearing 6, the thrust bearing 6 The bearing 6 is located in the positioning circular groove 33 of the support part 32, and the upper end of the dismounting nut 7 is cushioned with a wear-resistant gasket 8, and the wear-resistant gasket 8 is placed between the dismounting nut 7 and the flange 22 of the upper frame to reduce The frictional force protects the upper frame 2 from being worn out, and the dismounting nut 7 is threadedly connected with the screw rod 9 . As shown in FIG. 6 , a reflection point is installed below the sleeve 42 , and the probe of the speed sensor 5 is facing the reflection point of the sleeve 42 for measuring the number of rotations of the dismounting nut 7 . Wherein, the speed sensor 5 is an ordinary photoelectric sensor, which transmits light signals to the reflection point through the probe, and every time the electrical signal on the speed sensor 5 receives a reflection signal from the reflection point, it counts once to complete the measurement of the speed. Of course, the reflection point can also be set at the bottom of the dismounting nut 7 , which can also reduce the influence caused by the slipping of the sleeve 42 and the dismounting nut 7 . Speed sensor 5 can be selected gear speed measuring sensor for use.

As shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, after the positioning tool 3 is assembled, it is suspended at the guide groove 21, the oil inlet and return port of the hydraulic wrench 4 is connected to the hydraulic station 15, and the hydraulic wrench 4, the speed sensor 5, and the hydraulic station 15 are all connected to the electric circuit. Control box and controller 16, Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system, the oil inlet and outlet ports of the hydraulic wrench 4 are connected to the proportional speed regulating valve 13, the proportional speed regulating valve 13 is connected to the load sensitive variable pump 14, and the load sensitive variable pump 14 is connected to A hydraulic station 15 , a proportional speed regulating valve 13 and a load sensitive variable pump 14 are connected to the hydraulic station 15 . During the entire disassembly process, after receiving the signal from the speed sensor 5, the proportional speed regulating valve 13 obtains different electrical signals, so that the load sensitive variable pump 14 outputs the specified flow rate to the specified hydraulic wrench 4, and the output of each hydraulic wrench 4 is different. The power reaches the same speed that each side of the upper frame 2 is lifted, so that it can rise steadily.

The guide groove 21 first plays the role of avoiding the positioning tool 3 in the working process. During the disassembly process of the upper frame 1, the guide groove 21 cooperates with the positioning tool 3 to play a guiding role, and the guide groove 21 around the flange 22 of the upper frame cooperates with the surrounding positioning tool 3 at the same time to ensure that the upper machine The frame flange 22 is always parallel to the lower frame flange 11, so as to prevent the screw rod 9 from being subjected to radial force and play a protective role.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic diagram of the disassembly force feedback system around, and the required disassembly force on each side of the frame is adjusted through the feedback of the speed sensors 5 around.

A method for disassembling and assembling the upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher. In the process of disassembling and assembling the upper frame, the positioning tool is used to position and install the hydraulic wrench and the dismounting nut, and the positioning tool is used to guide to ensure that the screw rod goes up the frame vertically. The direction of the blue surface moves, and the axial movement of the dismounting nut is restricted by positioning the tooling and the lower frame, so that the upper frame is subjected to an upward or downward force, and the rotation of the dismounting nut is driven by controlling the oil circuit of the hydraulic wrench. Complete the disassembly and fit of the upper frame and the lower frame interference part, give the same flow rate to the hydraulic wrench around the upper frame, and monitor the speed sensor to monitor the speed of the disassembly nut to monitor the upper frame when the upper frame is disassembled and closed The speed of lifting and closing of each side of the flange and the required force. When the number of turns of the disassembly nut at a certain position is less, the flow of hydraulic oil will be increased. When the number of turns of the disassembly nut at a certain position is faster Then reduce the flow of hydraulic oil, so that the removal force of the disassembly nuts around is adjusted so that the upper frame can be disassembled and installed smoothly.

The lifting speed of the upper frame = the speed of dismounting the nut × the lead of the screw, and the speed of dismounting the nut is expressed by the following formula:

Among them: V _{disassembly and assembly of nuts} - speed of disassembly and assembly of nuts k - loss coefficient F _{driving force} - driving force of hydraulic wrench μ - friction coefficient on the screw and nut F _{up and down} - disassembly resistance between the upper and lower racks m _{dismounting nut quality} - quality dismounting nut t _{unit time} - running unit time.

Adjustment process:

① During the disassembly process, due to the use of the equipment, the joint surfaces around the equipment will be rusted and deformed, and the main shaft will fall to one side of the machine when it is stopped. These conditions will cause the F to be different from _{top to bottom} . After a period of time, the μ between the surrounding disassembly structures will also be different, the energy loss coefficient k will also be inconsistent, and the finally displayed V _{disassembly nuts} will also be inconsistent.

② After the speed sensor receives the rotation speed signal of each dismounting nut,

③According to the difference in speed, different electrical signals are given to the load sensitive pump to adjust the different flow rates to the surrounding hydraulic wrench, and complete the adjustment of the speed of the surrounding hydraulic wrench.

Disassembly process:

①Stop the machine, and remove the surrounding connecting bolt groups 10.

②Through the electric control box and the controller 16, the hydraulic wrench 4 around the main engine is controlled to work, and the dismounting nut 7 is driven to rotate forward at a slow and constant speed, and the screw rod 9 is driven to move upward, and the upper frame 2 is pushed upward by the surrounding.

③The separation distance between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 1 reaches b (a is the depth of the interference fit of the upper and lower frames of different models, b is the fit depth of the disassembly nut 7 and the screw rod 9, and satisfies b≥a _max ) , that is, the upper frame 2 can be hoisted by the hoisting device.

Installation process:

①The lifting device lifts the upper frame 2 to the top of the lower frame 1, and passes the main shaft of the crusher through the boom hole.

② Align the guide groove of the upper frame 2 with the positioning tool 3 to ensure the cooperation between the screw rod 9 and the dismounting nut 7;

③ Lower the upper frame 2 slowly until the threads of the screw rod 9 and the dismounting nut 7 start to fit together.

④ Loosen the lifting rope slightly.

⑤ Through the electric control box and the controller 16, the hydraulic wrench 4 around the main engine is controlled to work, and the dismounting nut 7 is driven to reverse at a slow and uniform speed, and the screw rod 9 is driven to move downward, and the upper frame is subjected to the downward pulling force around it.

⑥The upper frame 2 starts to descend steadily, pause immediately, and completely loosen the lifting device.

7. After the upper frame flange 22 and the lower frame flange 11 are fully attached, the hydraulic wrench 4 is stopped due to the self-locking between the upper frame flange 22 and the lower frame flange 11 of the upper and lower frames.

⑧ At this time, tighten the connecting bolt group 10 between the upper frame 2 and the lower frame 1 to complete the installation.

Claims (7)

1. A dismounting device for an upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher, comprising an upper frame flange, a lower frame flange, a dismounting nut, a screw rod, a positioning tool and a hydraulic wrench, the screw rod of the lower frame flange A positioning groove is provided on the outside of the hole; a screw rod is connected to the lower part of the flange of the upper frame, and a guide groove is provided outside the screw rod of the flange of the upper frame, and the hydraulic wrench is fixed with the positioning tool, and the positioning tool includes a suspension part and a positioning tool. The supporting part, the hanging part and the supporting part are parallel to each other, and the hanging part and the supporting part are connected through the intermediate connecting part. The hanging part of the positioning tool is located in the guide groove of the upper frame flange and is suspended on the lower frame flange. The head of the hydraulic wrench is provided with a sleeve, the disassembly nut is put into the sleeve of the hydraulic wrench and fixed, the screw passes through the screw hole of the flange of the lower frame, the disassembly nut is threadedly connected with the screw rod, and the speed sensor is installed on the positioning tool The support part is provided with a reflection point at the disassembly nut or sleeve, the probe of the speed sensor is aligned with the reflection point, the oil inlet and outlet port of the hydraulic wrench is connected to the hydraulic station, and the hydraulic wrench, speed sensor, and hydraulic station are all connected to the electric control unit. box and controller. 2. The dismounting device for the upper frame of the single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: a boss is processed on the surface where the suspension part cooperates with the flange of the lower frame, and the boss is connected with the lower frame. The positioning groove on the flange cooperates to complete the installation and positioning of the positioning tool. 3. The dismounting device for the upper frame of the single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic wrench is provided with a mounting plate at the tail and a replaceable sleeve at the head, and the hydraulic wrench is connected to the hydraulic wrench through the mounting plate The positioning tool is fixedly connected, and the sleeve of the hydraulic wrench is arranged above the positioning circular groove of the support part. 4. The dismounting device for the upper frame of the single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower end of the dismounting nut is provided with a thrust bearing, and the thrust bearing is arranged in the positioning circular groove of the supporting part , The upper end of the dismounting nut is cushioned with a wear-resistant gasket, and the wear-resistant gasket is placed between the dismounting nut and the flange of the upper frame. 5. The dismounting device for the upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil inlet and return port of the hydraulic wrench is connected to a proportional speed regulating valve, and the proportional speed regulating valve is connected to a load-sensitive variable pump, and the load The sensitive variable pump is connected to the hydraulic station, and the proportional speed regulating valve and the load sensitive variable pump are connected to the hydraulic station. 6. A method for disassembling and assembling an upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher, based on the device for disassembling and assembling the upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher according to claim 1, during the process of disassembling and assembling the upper frame, the positioning tool is used for positioning and installation The hydraulic wrench and the dismounting nut are guided by the positioning tool to ensure that the screw moves in the direction perpendicular to the flange surface of the upper frame, and the axial movement of the dismounting nut is restricted by the positioning tool and the lower frame, so that the upper frame is subject to An upward or downward force drives the rotation of the dismounting nut by controlling the oil circuit of the hydraulic wrench, completes the disassembly and fit of the interference part between the upper frame and the lower frame, and gives the hydraulic wrench around the upper frame the same flow, Use the speed sensor to monitor the rotation speed of the dismounting nut to monitor the lifting and closing speed and required force of each side of the flange of the upper frame when the upper frame is disassembled and closed. When the dismounting nut at a certain position rotates more circles When it is less, the flow of hydraulic oil will be increased, and when the number of turns of the disassembly nut at a certain position is faster, the flow of hydraulic oil will be reduced. In this way, the disassembly force of the disassembly nuts around is adjusted so that the upper frame can be disassembled and installed smoothly. . 7. A method for disassembling and assembling the upper frame of a single-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: the lifting speed of the upper frame = the rotational speed of the dismounting nut × the lead of the screw, the rotational speed of dismounting the nut Expressed by the following formula:

Among them: V _{disassembly and assembly of nuts} - speed of disassembly and assembly of nuts k - loss coefficient F _{driving force} - driving force of hydraulic wrench μ - friction coefficient on the screw and nut F _{up and down} - disassembly resistance between the upper and lower racks m _{dismounting nut quality} - quality dismounting nut t _{unit time} - running unit time.

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