CN110201254B

CN110201254B - Drainage device for tumor hydrops

Info

Publication number: CN110201254B
Application number: CN201910619952.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张殿宝; 张宪芬; 陈小莉
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-07-10
Filing date: 2019-07-10
Publication date: 2022-04-12
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-10
Also published as: CN114984334A; CN110201254A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a drainage device for hydrops of tumors. The plunger piston is split and comprises a first-stage piston head and a second-stage piston head, the outer edge of the first-stage piston head is matched with the inner edge of a barrel of the syringe in a friction sliding mode, the second-stage piston head is connected with a push-pull rod of the syringe, the first-stage piston head and the second-stage piston head can be automatically jointed in the pulling process of the push-pull rod to isolate a piston cavity of the barrel from the outside, and the first-stage piston head and the second-stage piston head can be automatically separated in the pushing process of the push-pull rod to enable the piston cavity of the barrel to be communicated with the outside through a separation gap between the first-stage piston head and the second-stage piston head. The invention can improve the persistence of the hydrops drainage and greatly shorten the time of the hydrops drainage operation.

Description

Drainage device for tumor hydrops

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a drainage device for hydrops of tumors.

Background

The tumor patients are often accompanied by water accumulation in the thoracic cavity or abdominal cavity, severe chest pain on the affected side can occur in the early stage of water accumulation, like acupuncture and knife cutting, and deep breathing or cough is more serious because of friction between sticky liquid and two pleura layers. As fluid accumulation increases, the patient becomes breathy, palpitations and dyspnea, and becomes increasingly severe.

The existing hydrops drainage operation usually adopts a syringe to prick the affected side and then to extract the hydrops. After the effusion is pumped out, the pressure on the great vessels in the lung, the heart and the thoracic cavity can be relieved, the symptoms such as shortness of breath, palpitation, dyspnea and the like can be relieved, and the pain can be temporarily relieved. However, in the case of a large amount of water, it is necessary to replace a plurality of syringes and puncture the affected side many times, which increases the pain of the patient.

Along with the development of the ponding drainage operation, a ponding drainage device with a needle head, a ponding box and an injection tube matched with the needle head and the injection tube are respectively connected with the rigid ponding box. After the needle head is penetrated into the affected side, the push-pull rod of the injection tube is pulled outwards to generate negative pressure in the water accumulating box, so that accumulated water is drained into the water accumulating box from the affected side, and a large amount of accumulated water can be accommodated by the water accumulating box. However, when the drainage device is used, after the push-pull rod of the syringe is pulled outwards to the limit position, the syringe needs to be detached from the water accumulation box through the quick connector, and the push-pull rod is pushed into the water accumulation box after air in the syringe is discharged out, and then is connected with the water accumulation box, so that more air is prevented from being pushed into the water accumulation box or even a patient when the push-pull rod is directly pushed inwards. Under the more condition of ponding, need dismouting injection tube many times to carry out the exhaust operation, prolonged the duration of ponding drainage operation greatly, increased doctor's operation intensity.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a drainage device for tumor hydrops, which aims to improve the persistence of hydrops drainage and greatly shorten the time of hydrops drainage operation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a drainage device for accumulated water of tumors comprises a water accumulation box, a puncture needle head and an injection tube, wherein a needle nozzle of the puncture needle head and an injection nozzle of the injection tube are respectively connected with the water accumulation box through hoses, a piston of the injection tube is split and comprises a primary piston head and a secondary piston head, the outer edge of the primary piston head is matched with the inner edge of a cylinder body of the injection tube in a friction sliding mode, the secondary piston head is connected with a push-pull rod of the injection tube, the primary piston head and the secondary piston head can be automatically jointed in the pulling process of the push-pull rod to isolate a piston cavity of the cylinder body from the outside, and the primary piston head and the secondary piston head can also be automatically separated in the pushing process of the push-pull rod to enable the piston cavity of the cylinder body to be communicated with the outside through a separation gap between the primary piston head and the secondary piston head.

Preferably, a shaft hole is arranged on the first-stage piston head at a position opposite to one side of the injection nozzle, a plurality of first vent holes communicated with the piston cavity and the shaft hole are arranged on the first-stage piston head at intervals, the second-stage piston head is cylindrical and is rotatably installed in the shaft hole without clearance, second vent holes with the number corresponding to that of the first vent holes are arranged on the cylinder wall of the secondary piston head in a penetrating way, the inner edge of the cylinder wall of the secondary piston head is also provided with sliding grooves which are distributed along the inclined direction and the two ends of which are closed, the end part of the push-pull rod is inserted in the secondary piston head in a clearance fit mode and is provided with deflector rods which are distributed along the radial direction of the push-pull rod, the deflector rods are arranged in the sliding grooves in a sliding mode and can drive the secondary piston head to rotate in the shaft hole along the opposite direction in the pushing process and the pulling process of the push-pull rod, so that the first vent holes and the second vent holes can be in one-to-one correspondence communication or mutually staggered state when the deflector rod is respectively positioned at the two ends of the sliding chute.

Preferably, the first-stage piston head is made of rubber materials, the second-stage piston head comprises an inner cylinder made of metal materials and an outer cylinder made of rubber materials and fixed on the periphery of the inner cylinder, and the second vent holes penetrate through the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder to be distributed.

Preferably, a sealing plate made of a metal material is fixedly arranged on the primary piston head back to one side of the injection nozzle, a through hole for the push-pull rod to pass through is correspondingly formed in the sealing plate, and the aperture of the through hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the shaft hole so as to prevent the secondary piston head from being separated from the shaft hole.

Preferably, two deflector rods are symmetrically arranged on the push-pull rod, and two sliding grooves are correspondingly arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder.

Preferably, the inner and outer cylinders are secured by an adhesive.

Preferably, the primary piston head is provided with a conical hole with a large end distributed towards the injection nozzle in a penetrating manner, the secondary piston head is in a frustum shape corresponding to the conical hole and is arranged in the cylinder body between the primary piston head and the injection nozzle, the small end of the secondary piston head is fixedly connected with the push-pull rod, one side of the push-pull rod, which is positioned at the small end of the conical hole, is fixedly provided with a baffle disc with an outer diameter larger than the aperture of the small end of the conical hole, and the baffle disc is provided with a plurality of third vent holes at intervals, which correspond to the small ends of the conical holes.

Preferably, the primary piston head is provided with a stepped hole through which a large hole is distributed towards the direction of the injection nozzle, the secondary piston head is arranged in the cylinder body and positioned between the primary piston head and the injection nozzle and can be used for plugging the large hole of the stepped hole, the push-pull rod is in clearance fit with the small hole in the stepped hole and then penetrates through the stepped hole to be fixedly connected with the secondary piston head, and the push-pull rod is sleeved with a spring for connecting the primary piston head and the secondary piston head at the position in the large hole of the stepped hole.

Advantageous effects

The syringe comprises a split type piston, the piston consists of a primary piston head and a secondary piston head, and the primary piston head and the secondary piston head can be automatically closed to form a whole under the action of the pulling force of a push-pull rod, so that a piston cavity of the syringe is isolated from the outside; and automatically separates or generates a gap under the pushing action of the push-pull rod, so that the piston cavity in the injection cylinder is communicated with the outside. Therefore, an operator can achieve the continuous air exhaust effect under the condition that the injection tube is not disconnected from the water accumulation box by pushing and pulling the push-pull rod of the injection tube in a reciprocating manner, and the continuity of water accumulation drainage is further improved. Compared with the prior art, the efficiency of ponding drainage is greatly improved, and the operation time is shortened.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a partially sectioned syringe barrel according to example 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the state of the injection cylinder portion during the push stroke of the push-pull rod in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the state of the injection cylinder portion during the pull of the push-pull rod in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing the construction of a push-pull rod portion of the injection cylinder in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the inner barrel portion of the secondary piston head of the injection barrel of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the syringe barrel portion in example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the syringe barrel portion in example 3 of the present invention;

the labels in the figure are: 1. the puncture needle comprises a puncture needle head, 2, a water accumulation box, 3, an injection tube, 4, a secondary piston head, 401, an outer cylinder, 402, a sliding groove, 403, an inner cylinder, 404, a second vent hole, 5, a primary piston head, 501, a first vent hole, 502, a shaft hole, 503, a tapered hole, 504, a step hole, 6, a push-pull rod, 7, a deflector rod, 8, a sealing plate, 9, a through hole, 10, a cylinder body, 11, a piston cavity, 12, an injection nozzle, 13, a third vent hole, 14, a baffle disc, 15 and a spring.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 1, the drainage device for tumor hydrops comprises a hydrops box 2, a puncture needle 1 and an injection cylinder 3. The injection tube 3 is similar to the conventional injection tube 3 and comprises a cylinder body 10 with one closed end and the other open end, an injection nozzle 12 arranged at the closed end of the cylinder body 10, a push-pull rod 6 penetrating in the cylinder body 10 and a piston connected to the push-pull rod 6, wherein a cavity between the injection nozzle 12 and the piston in the cylinder body 10 forms a piston cavity 11 with variable volume. In contrast to the conventional syringe 3: the piston of the invention consists of a primary piston head 5 and a secondary piston head 4, wherein the outer edge of the primary piston head 5 is matched with the inner edge of a cylinder 10 of the injection cylinder 3 in a friction sliding mode, and the secondary piston head 4 is connected with a push-pull rod 6 of the injection cylinder 3. And the primary piston head 5 and the secondary piston head 4 can be automatically engaged during the pulling stroke of the push-pull rod 6 to isolate the piston cavity 11 from the outside of the open end of the cylinder 10, and the primary piston head 5 and the secondary piston head 4 can be automatically separated during the pushing stroke of the push-pull rod 6 to communicate the piston cavity 11 with the outside of the open end of the cylinder 10 through the separation gap between the primary piston head 5 and the secondary piston head 4. That is, whether the connection between the piston cavity 11 in the injection tube 3 and the outside of the open end is related to the push stroke or the pull stroke of the push-pull rod 6, after the needle nozzle of the puncture needle head 1 and the injection nozzle 12 of the injection tube 3 are respectively connected with the water accumulation box 2 through the hoses, the continuous air suction effect under the condition that the injection tube 3 is not disconnected from the water accumulation box 2 can be achieved by the reciprocating push-pull of the push-pull rod 6 of the injection tube 3, and the continuity of water accumulation drainage is improved

The piston and the connection of the piston to the push-pull rod 6 of the syringe 3 according to the invention are described in detail in three embodiments:

example 1

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4: the primary piston head 5 in this embodiment is made of rubber material, and its outer periphery is in friction sliding fit with the inner edge of the cylinder 10. The center position of the top end of the primary piston head 5 is provided with a circular shaft hole 502 for matching and installing the secondary piston head 4, and the primary piston head 5 is also provided with a plurality of first vent holes 501 at intervals for communicating the shaft hole 502 with the piston cavity 11 of the syringe 3. The secondary piston head 4 is coaxially and rotatably matched in the shaft hole 502 and comprises an inner cylinder 403 made of metal material and an outer cylinder 401 fixed on the periphery of the inner cylinder 403 through adhesive, and the outer cylinder 401 is also made of rubber material so as to realize the zero clearance fit between the periphery of the secondary piston head 4 and the wall of the shaft hole 502 and ensure that the piston keeps a good sealing effect of the piston cavity 11 in the process of pulling the push-pull rod 6. A plurality of second vent holes 404 with the number and the height corresponding to the first vent holes 501 are arranged on the wall of the secondary piston head 4 at intervals, and the second vent holes 404 penetrate through the inner cylinder 403 and the wall of the outer cylinder 401 of the secondary piston head 4 to be distributed, so that the pistons can be communicated with each other through the first vent holes 501 and the second vent holes 404 in a one-to-one correspondence manner in the pushing process of the push-pull rod 6 to achieve the effect of communicating the outside of the piston cavity 11 and the open end position of the injection cylinder 3.

In this embodiment, the one-to-one communication state or the staggered closed state between the first ventilation holes 501 and the second ventilation holes 404 is realized by the rotation of the secondary piston head 4, and the rotation of the secondary piston head 4 is related to the connection structure of the push-pull rod 6 and the secondary piston head 4 and the push-pull stroke or the pull-pull stroke of the push-pull rod 6, which is specifically represented by: referring to fig. 5 and 6, the lower end of the push-pull rod 6 in this embodiment is symmetrically fixed with a shift lever 7. The inner edge of the cylinder wall of the metal inner cylinder of the secondary piston head 4 is correspondingly provided with a sliding chute 402 for the deflector rod 7 to respectively slide and match, and the sliding chute 402 is correspondingly arranged along the direction inclined to the axial direction of the cylinder body 10 of the syringe 3. After the two shift levers 7 are respectively slidably fitted in the corresponding sliding grooves 402, since the secondary piston head 4 and the piston head are only rotationally fitted, the secondary piston head 4 can be shifted to rotate in the opposite direction in the shaft hole 502 by the cooperation of the shift levers 7 and the sliding grooves 402 as the push-pull rod 6 pushes toward the nozzle 12 or pulls out away from the nozzle 12. In order to achieve the technical effect of isolating the piston cavity 11 from the open end of the syringe 3 during the pulling process of the push-pull rod 6, and conversely communicating the piston cavity with the open end of the syringe 3, the second venting hole 404 and the sliding chute 402 on the secondary piston head 4 in the embodiment are arranged as shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the shift lever 7 on the push-pull rod 6 descends to the lower end position of the sliding chute 402 along with the push-pull rod 6, the shift lever 7 shifts the secondary piston head 4 to rotate until the second venting hole 404 and the first venting hole 501 are communicated one by one; when the shift lever 7 on the push-pull rod 6 rises to the upper end position of the sliding groove 402 along with the push-pull rod 6, the shift lever 7 shifts the secondary piston head 4 to rotate until the second vent holes 404 and the first vent holes 501 are staggered one by one, and a communication channel between the piston cavity 11 and the outside of the open end of the cylinder 10 is closed.

In this embodiment, in order to prevent the secondary piston head 4 from being pulled out from the shaft hole 502 by the push-pull rod 6, a sealing plate 8 made of a metal material is fixedly bonded to a position on the primary piston head 5 opposite to the side of the injection nozzle 12, a through hole 9 for the push-pull rod 6 to pass through is correspondingly formed in the sealing plate 8, and the diameter of the through hole 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the shaft hole 502. The specific application of this embodiment is as follows: when the push-pull rod 6 is pulled upwards, the deflector rod 7 on the push-pull rod 6 firstly cooperates with the slide groove 402 on the secondary piston head 4 to deflect the secondary piston head 4 to rotate in the shaft hole 502 to the state shown in fig. 4. At the moment, the deflector rod 7 is positioned at the closed upper end of the sliding groove 402, and the second-stage piston head 4 and the first-stage piston head 5 are pulled up together as a whole by matching the deflector rod 7 and the upper end of the sliding groove 402 under the condition that the push-pull rod 6 is continuously pulled up, so that the volume of the piston cavity 11 is continuously enlarged, negative pressure is formed and is transmitted to the water accumulation box 2 for accumulated water drainage. When the push-pull rod 6 is pulled upwards to the extreme position of the tail end of the cylinder 10, the push-pull rod 6 is pressed downwards, the deflector rod 7 on the push-pull rod 6 is firstly matched with the sliding groove 402 on the secondary piston head 4 to deflect the secondary piston head 4 to rotate reversely to the state shown in fig. 3, at the moment, the deflector rod 7 is located at the closed lower end position of the sliding groove 402, and the deflector rod 7 is matched with the lower end of the sliding groove 402 to press the secondary piston head 4 and the primary piston head 5 together in the process of continuously pressing the push-pull rod 6. At this time, since the first vent hole 501 and the second vent hole 404 are communicated with each other, the piston chamber 11 is communicated with the outside atmosphere, and the air in the syringe 3 can be discharged to the open end of the cylinder 10 through the first vent hole 501 and the second vent hole 404 without removing the syringe 3. The pushing and pulling of the push-pull rod 6 can be summarized as follows: in the initial stage of the pushing stroke or the pulling stroke, the push-pull rod 6 firstly drives the secondary piston head 4 to rotate to a corresponding state through the matching of the shift lever 7 and the sliding groove 402, and then drives the secondary piston head 4 and the primary piston head 5 to ascend or descend as a whole through the matching of the shift lever 7 and the end part of the sliding groove 402.

In this embodiment, the sliding friction force between the primary piston head 5 and the inner wall of the cylinder 10 should be greater than the rotational resistance of the secondary piston head 4, and lubricating oil can be coated between the outer periphery of the secondary piston head 4 and the hole wall of the shaft hole 502 and between the shift lever 7 and the sliding slot 402, so as to further increase the flexibility of the rotation of the secondary piston head 4, and avoid the shift lever 7 from being locked in the sliding slot 402, which results in the situation that the piston is driven by the push-pull rod 6 to overcome the friction force between the piston and the cylinder wall to directly slide when the relative positions of the first vent hole 501 and the second vent hole 404 are not in place.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 7, the primary piston head 5 and the secondary piston head 4 in this embodiment are both made of rubber material. The primary piston head 5 is provided with a tapered hole 503 with a large end facing downwards and a small end facing upwards. The shape of the secondary piston head 4 is a frustum shape corresponding to the shape of the tapered hole 503 and is arranged in the piston cavity 11, and the small end of the secondary piston head is fixedly connected with the push-pull rod 6. The secondary piston head 4 can close the tapered hole 503 during the upward pulling stroke of the push-pull rod 6, so that the piston cavity 11 is isolated from the external atmosphere. A baffle disc 14 with the outer diameter larger than the diameter of the small end of the tapered hole 503 is fixedly arranged on one side of the push-pull rod 6 above the tapered hole 503, a plurality of third vent holes 13 corresponding to the small end of the tapered hole 503 are arranged on the baffle disc 14 at intervals, so that a conical annular gap communicated with the piston cavity 11 is formed between the secondary piston head 4 and the primary piston head 5 on one hand, and the baffle disc 14 can push the primary piston head 5 to move and descend on the other hand, so that air in the piston cavity 11 is discharged through the third vent holes 13 connected with the conical annular gap on the other hand, in the downward pushing process of the push-pull rod 6.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 8, the primary piston head 5 and the secondary piston head 4 in this embodiment are both made of rubber material. A stepped hole 504 with a downward large hole is formed in the first-stage piston head 5 in a penetrating manner. The secondary piston head 4 is arranged in the cylinder body 10 and positioned between the primary piston head 5 and the injection nozzle 12 and can be used for plugging a large hole of the stepped hole 504, the push-pull rod 6 is in clearance fit with a small hole in the stepped hole 504 and then penetrates through the stepped hole 504 to be fixedly connected with the secondary piston head 4, and a spring 15 used for connecting the primary piston head 5 and the secondary piston head 4 is sleeved at a position, positioned in the large hole of the stepped hole 504, on the push-pull rod 6. During the upward pulling process of the push-pull rod 6, the secondary piston head 4 pushes the primary piston head 5 to move upwards together; during the downward pushing process of the push-pull rod 6, the secondary piston head 4 moves downwards firstly, a gap for communicating the piston cavity 11 with the outside is formed between the secondary piston head 4 and the primary piston head 5, and then the primary piston head 5 is pulled by the secondary piston head 4 to move downwards together with overcoming the friction force between the primary piston head and the inner wall of the cylinder 10 under the connecting action of the spring 15.

Claims

1. A drainage ware for tumour ponding which characterized in that: the water-accumulating type puncture needle comprises a water accumulating box (2), a puncture needle head (1) and an injection tube (3), wherein a needle nozzle of the puncture needle head (1) and an injection nozzle (12) of the injection tube (3) are respectively connected with the water accumulating box (2) through hoses, a piston of the injection tube (3) is split and comprises a primary piston head (5) and a secondary piston head (4), the outer edge of the primary piston head (5) is matched with the inner edge of a tube body (10) of the injection tube (3) in a friction sliding mode, the secondary piston head (4) is connected with a push-pull rod (6) of the injection tube (3), the primary piston head (5) and the secondary piston head (4) can be automatically jointed in the pulling process of the push-pull rod (6) to isolate a piston cavity (11) of the tube (10) from the outside, and the primary piston head (5) and the secondary piston head (4) can be automatically separated in the pushing process of the push-pull rod (6) to enable the piston cavity (11) of the tube (10) to be isolated from the outside through a separation gap between the primary piston head (5) and the secondary piston head (4) Are communicated with each other;

the injection device comprises a primary piston head (5), an injection nozzle (12), a shaft hole (502) arranged on one side of the primary piston head (5) opposite to the injection nozzle (12), a plurality of first vent holes (501) communicated with a piston cavity (11) and the shaft hole (502) and arranged on the primary piston head (5) at intervals, a secondary piston head (4) in a cylindrical shape and in a gap-free rotatable fit mode is arranged in the shaft hole (502), second vent holes (404) corresponding to the first vent holes (501) in number penetrate through the cylindrical wall of the secondary piston head (4), sliding grooves (402) distributed in an inclined direction and with two closed ends are further arranged in the cylindrical wall of the secondary piston head (4), the end portion of a push-pull rod (6) is inserted in the secondary piston head (4) in a gap-fit mode and provided with shift levers (7) distributed in the radial direction of the push-pull rod (6), and the shift levers (7) are arranged in the sliding grooves (402) in a sliding mode and can drive the secondary piston head (4) to rotate in the shaft hole (502) in opposite directions in the push-pull process and the pull process of the push-pull rod (6) Moving to enable the first vent holes (501) and the second vent holes (404) to be in a one-to-one corresponding communication state or a mutually staggered state when the shifting lever (7) is respectively positioned at two ends of the sliding chute (402);

when the deflector rod (7) on the push-pull rod (6) descends to the lower end position of the sliding chute (402) along with the push-pull rod (6), the deflector rod (7) drives the secondary piston head (4) to rotate until the second vent holes (404) are communicated with the first vent holes (501) in a one-to-one correspondence manner; when the deflector rod (7) on the push-pull rod (6) rises to the upper end position of the sliding chute (402) along with the push-pull rod (6), the deflector rod (7) drives the secondary piston head (4) to rotate to the second vent holes (404) and the first vent holes (501) to be staggered one by one, and a communication channel between the piston cavity (11) and the outside of the open end of the cylinder body (10) is sealed.

2. The flow diverter for hydrops tumors of claim 1, wherein: the first-stage piston head (5) is made of rubber materials, the second-stage piston head (4) comprises an inner cylinder (403) made of metal materials and an outer cylinder (401) made of rubber materials and fixed on the periphery of the inner cylinder (403), and the second vent holes (404) penetrate through the inner cylinder (403) and the outer cylinder (401) to be distributed.

3. The flow diverter for hydrops tumors of claim 2, wherein: a sealing plate (8) made of metal materials is fixedly arranged on the position, back to one side of the injection nozzle (12), of the primary piston head (5), a through hole (9) for the push-pull rod (6) to penetrate through is correspondingly formed in the sealing plate (8), and the diameter of the through hole (9) is smaller than the inner diameter of the shaft hole (502) so as to prevent the secondary piston head (4) from being separated from the shaft hole (502).

4. The flow diverter for hydrops tumors of claim 2, wherein: two deflector rods (7) are symmetrically arranged on the push-pull rod (6), and two sliding grooves (402) are correspondingly arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder (403).

5. The flow diverter for hydrops tumors of claim 2, wherein: the inner cylinder (403) and the outer cylinder (401) are fixed by an adhesive.