CN110201142A - 一种用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于复方制剂领域，具体公开一种用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂及其制备方法。以重量份数之和为100份计，由下述原料组成：淫羊藿提取物3‑5份、黄芪多糖10‑15份、杜仲提取物5‑8份、酵母细胞壁提取物15‑20份、牛磺酸5‑10份、大蒜素5‑10份、抗菌肽3‑5份、百里香酚5‑10份、维生素C 5‑10份、维生素E 3‑5份、无水糖加至100份。本发明可以修复输卵管上皮黏膜，提高蛋壳品质，提高生产性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于复方制剂领域，具体涉及一种用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
蛋鸡发生输卵管炎后，最直接的影响是鸡产蛋性能下降，除此之外，还会引发其他感染。鸡与哺乳动物相比，腹腔中不存在隔膜，这就导致输卵管炎感染的菌能通过腹腔上行到达气囊、肺和上支气管部位，从而继发呼吸道病。另外，长时间的输卵管炎能导致卵泡破裂，卵黄释放入胸腹腔中，引发卵黄性腹膜炎。卵黄性腹膜炎很难治疗，卵黄水分被吸收后，会逐渐形成干酪样固体物质将肠道粘连，影响肠道的蠕动，进而影响饲料的消化，鸡群过料现象严重，料蛋比升高，直接削减了养殖利润。
蛋鸡产蛋期间用药一直是困扰行业的难题，化药抗生素使用效果好，但会形成药物在鸡蛋中残留，不符合食品安全，如何很好地避开食品安全问题，同时疗效还比较显著，是养殖户最关注的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取的技术方案如下：
一种用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂，以重量份数之和为100份计，由下述原料组成：淫羊藿提取物3-5份、黄芪多糖10-15份、杜仲提取物5-8份、酵母细胞壁提取物15-20份、牛磺酸5-10份、大蒜素5-10份、抗菌肽3-5份、百里香酚5-10份、维生素C 5-10份、维生素E 3-5份、无水糖加至100份。
较好地，维生素E的有效成分含量为50wt%。
本发明中，淫羊藿提取物、杜仲提取物、酵母细胞壁提取物均可按照常规提取方法制备获得，或者通过市购获得。
淫羊藿提取物，具有明显的免疫活性，在抗氧化、提高机体免疫力方面发挥着重要作用。近年来多个试验证明：其在抗菌抗病毒方面有独特功效，并对疫苗具有免疫辅助效果。
黄芪多糖，抗病毒作用：黄芪多糖对干扰素系统有明显的刺激作用，使动物机体产生内源性干扰素，抑制病毒的复制，从而达到病毒的目的；抗细菌作用：黄芪多糖对细菌及其病毒性产物有直接抑杀和解毒作用，更主要的是通过调动机体免疫防御功能而发挥扶正祛邪抑菌、杀菌的作用；增强机体免疫功能：黄芪多糖可特异性和非特异性的排除侵入肌体的异物，对特异免疫和非特异性免疫均有促进作用，提高机体的抗病能力。
杜仲提取物，其中的杜仲黄酮对蛋禽的生殖系统发育及缓解其生殖应激具有重要意义。蛋鸡卵泡发育、排卵及蛋形成过程均与生殖有关，蛋鸡卵泡的生长发育主要受垂体促性腺激素、促黄体生成素的抑制及受自身卵巢激素的调控。杜仲黄酮作为一种类植物雌性激素，能刺激下丘脑和垂体，促进促性腺激素释放，同时调整促卵泡素和促黄体素的分泌以及二者的比例，从而促进生殖细胞的发育，提高性成熟前蛋鸡卵巢的相对重量，促进卵泡发育，以达到快速提高产蛋率的目的。杜仲提取物中的绿原酸可抗菌抗病毒、增强蛋鸡机体免疫力，有效预防疾病的发生。绿原酸具有广谱抗菌作用，对于金黄色葡萄球菌、链球菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎杆菌等具有显著的抑制作用；绿原酸还可与神经氨酰酶两个作用点对接，从而达到抑制、净化病毒的作用。杜仲多糖既可以协同疫苗增强特异性免疫，也能促进免疫器官的发育以提高其非特异性免疫，还可维护肠道菌群平衡减少肠道疾病的发生。
酵母细胞壁提取物，可预防致病菌在肠道内的定居，可直接干扰细菌粘附于肠道细胞的能力，激发、增强机体的免疫力和抗病力，维护肠道微生态平衡，抑制有害菌的繁殖。
牛磺酸，牛磺酸具有较强的抗氧化作用，可以明显提高动物机体的特异性和非特异性免疫功能，牛磺酸作为畜禽生殖腺和生殖细胞含量最丰富的游离氨基酸之一，与动物的生殖机能有密切的关系。
大蒜素，大蒜素中的二硫醚、三硫醚能穿过致病菌的细胞膜而进入细胞质中，使细菌缺乏半胱胺不能进行生物氧化作用，从而破坏致病菌的正常新陈代谢，使细菌巯基失活而抑制细菌的生长繁殖。浓烈的蒜香味能有效掩盖饲料中菜籽粕、肉骨粉、药物等一些原料的不良气味，提高饲料的适口性，增进动物的采食量。
抗菌肽，对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌均有高效的杀伤作用，其机理主要是作用于细菌的细胞膜、破坏其完整性并产生穿孔现象，造成细胞内容物溢出胞外而死亡。通过多种机制发挥抗病毒作用，是一种安全无毒副作用、无耐药性、无污染的抗菌剂。
百里香酚，具有抑菌、抗菌、抗炎、免疫调节、促生长、提高采食、改善肠道健康的作用，可有效控制禽输卵管炎的发生，可促进消化系统和消化道菌群的健康发育，缓解免疫副反应，从而显著提高家禽生产性能。
维生素C，可提高鸡群的免疫力并缓解鸡群的应激反应，同时维生素C可以促进钙的吸收，改善蛋壳质量，维生素C对鸡体内的某些有毒物质如铅、砷、苯以及部分细菌毒素具有一定的解毒功能。
维生素E ，对蛋鸡具有免疫调节作用，能提高免疫水平，增强对大肠杆菌、病毒病的抵抗力。
以上药物的联合应用，不仅可以修复输卵管上皮黏膜，提高蛋壳品质，提高生产性能，防止输卵管异常的常发因素对输卵管及其它生殖器官的损伤，还可以增强机体活力，提高输卵管的舒张力和收缩力。同时所用原料均为安全、有效、无残留的绿色产品，因此对养殖户来说，是很好的防治鸡输卵管炎的产品。
制备方法：首先取维生素E、淫羊藿提取物、抗菌肽，混合均匀；然后加入黄芪多糖、杜仲提取物、酵母细胞壁提取物、牛磺酸、大蒜素、百里香酚、维生素C、无水糖，搅拌均匀，即得用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂。
本发明复方制剂的使用方法：混饮，每1000 g兑水500 kg，连续使用5-7天。
本发明具有的优点和有益效果：（1）本发明可以修复输卵管上皮黏膜，提高蛋壳品质，提高生产性能；（2）本发明可防止输卵管异常的常发因素对输卵管及其它生殖器官的损伤，还可以增强机体活力，提高输卵管的舒张力和收缩力；（3）本发明混合物用原料来源丰富，且生产工艺简便；（4）本发明混合物为中药提取物与其它可溶解性原料配合制成，进入机体后容易被吸收，且临床饲喂方便，适合群体饲用，节省人力物力；（5）本发明原料含量明确，用量准确，质量可控。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步解释说明，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。
下述实施例及对照例中：淫羊藿提取物，购自四川恒瑞通达生物科技有限公司，规格： 饮水级，10∶1，淫羊藿甙含量25wt%；杜仲提取物购自西安明泽生物科技有限公司，性状：棕褐色至黄白色粉末，提取部位：植物杜仲科Eucommiaceae植物杜仲(EucommiaUlmoides Oliver)干燥叶子，规格10∶1；酵母细胞壁提取物购自徐州赛傅生物科技有限公司，有效物质含量：43wt%；抗菌肽为肽菌素727C，购自山东宝来利生物工程股份有限公司；维生素E，有效成分含量为50 wt%。
实施例1-3及对照例1
一种用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂，以重量份数之和为100份计，由表1所示原料制成。
实施例1-3产品的制备方法：取维生素E、淫羊藿提取物、抗菌肽按比例置于混合机中预混合5分钟后，依次将黄芪多糖、杜仲提取物、酵母细胞壁提取物、牛磺酸、大蒜素、百里香酚、维生素C、无水葡萄糖按照比例置于混合机中，搅拌30分钟，即得用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂。
对照例1产品的制备方法，包括以下步骤：依次将淫羊藿提取物、黄芪多糖、酵母细胞壁提取物、大蒜素、抗菌肽、维生素C、维生素E、无水葡萄糖按照比例置于混合机中，搅拌30分钟，即得用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂。
动物试验
（一）试验药物
试验组1、2、3：实施例1、2、3所制备的复方制剂；
对照组1：对照例1所制备的复方制剂；
对照组2：卵管康宁（河南安芝牧生物科技有限公司）。
（二）试验方法
（1）试验设计：选择病鸡500羽，随机分成5组。分组后5组产蛋率经生物统计分析，差异不显著（P>0.05）。试验时间为7天。其中产蛋率和料蛋比于试验时间结束后开始检测相关数据，连续检测5天。
病鸡症状：产蛋率明显下降，蛋畸形率和破蛋率增加，采食量下降，精神不振，疼痛不安，蛋壳表面粘附羽毛和大量粘液，有时带血斑；剖检症状：输卵管水肿变粗，内有大量分泌物。根据以上症状，判定为“鸡输卵管炎”。
试验期间，各组均饲喂基础日粮，基础日粮配方及其营养成分见表2。饲养管理采用3层笼养，其他管理按照大规模蛋鸡生产管理制度进行。
用药方法：
试验组1：混饮，每1000 g实施例1所制备的复方制剂兑水500 kg，自由饮水，连续使用7天；
试验组2：混饮，每1000 g实施例2所制备的复方制剂兑水500 kg，自由饮水，连续使用7天；
试验组3：混饮，每1000 g实施例3所制备的复方制剂兑水500 kg，自由饮水，连续使用7天；
对照组1：混饮，每1000 g对照例1所制备的复方制剂兑水500 kg，自由饮水，连续使用7天；
对照组2：基础日粮+0.5%（占基础日粮的质量百分比）卵管康宁。
（2）测定指标：产蛋率、死淘鸡数、治疗效果（无效率、有效率、治愈率）、料蛋比。
无效：病鸡症状没有减轻、输卵管仍然水肿，其内仍然有大量分泌物；无效率：试验组中无效鸡羽数占试验鸡羽数的百分比。
有效：产蛋率提升，蛋畸形率和破蛋率减少，采食量上升，精神状况改善，蛋壳表面粘附羽毛和粘液量明显减少，输卵管水肿减少，其内仍然有少量分泌物；有效率：试验组中有效鸡羽数占试验鸡羽数的百分比。
治愈：产蛋率恢复正常，蛋畸形率和破蛋率低于2%，采食量明显上升，精神状况良好，蛋壳表面无粘附羽毛和粘液，无血斑，输卵管恢复正常；治愈率：试验组中治愈鸡羽数占试验鸡羽数的百分比。
（3）试验结果
从表3可见：试验组的平均产蛋率90.7%，较对照组1和对照组2分别提高9.5%和10.9，差异显著；料蛋比试验组平均2.37，较对照组1和对照组2分别降低0.17和0.22，差异显著；试验组总有效率平均为87.3%，较对照组1和对照组2分别提高18.3%和27.3%；死淘鸡数试验组平均4羽，较对照组1和对照组2分别减少8羽和13羽。表明：本发明复方制剂提高了患病鸡的产蛋率，在治疗鸡输卵管炎方面具有治愈率高的特点。
Claims (3)
1.一种用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂，其特征在于，以重量份数之和为100份计，由下述原料组成：淫羊藿提取物3-5份、黄芪多糖10-15份、杜仲提取物5-8份、酵母细胞壁提取物15-20份、牛磺酸5-10份、大蒜素5-10份、抗菌肽3-5份、百里香酚5-10份、维生素C 5-10份、维生素E 3-5份、无水糖加至100份。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂，其特征在于：维生素E的有效成分含量为50 wt%。
3.一种如权利要求1或2所述的用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂的制备方法，其特征在于：首先取维生素E、淫羊藿提取物、抗菌肽，混合均匀；然后加入黄芪多糖、杜仲提取物、酵母细胞壁提取物、牛磺酸、大蒜素、百里香酚、维生素C、无水糖，搅拌均匀，即得用于防治鸡输卵管炎的复方制剂。
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