CN110194680A - A kind of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110194680A CN110194680A CN201810159609.1A CN201810159609A CN110194680A CN 110194680 A CN110194680 A CN 110194680A CN 201810159609 A CN201810159609 A CN 201810159609A CN 110194680 A CN110194680 A CN 110194680A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics and preparation method thereof, belong to the ceramic enhancing technology in high performance structure ceramic field.Firstly the need of the two or more combinable ceramics of determination, form the composite ceramics of basis material and skin-material, basis material should have sufficient intensity and the higher coefficient of expansion, skin-material should have the lower coefficient of expansion and higher elasticity modulus, through high temperature with surface layer compression, the balance of matrix tensile stress is formed after burning, surface layer compression is greatly improved the bending strength of composite ceramics.The size of compression can be adjusted by optimizing two kinds of material section ratios of cross section, for two kinds of given materials, more than the intensity value of surface pre-stress design to skin-material, section ratio is determined by the derivation and calculating of calculation of Prestress formula, obtaining after sintering has prestressed composite ceramics, can increase substantially intensity.It is difficult that the present invention solves the problems, such as that current structural ceramics intensity improves, and has good practical value.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to the ceramic enhancing technology in high performance structure ceramic field, in particular to a kind of high-strength prestressed compound
Ceramics and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Ceramic material is extensive because it is with high insulation characterisitic, excellent corrosion resistance and higher mechanical strength
Applied to fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, ship, weapons, electronics, nuclear industry.
But there are probelem in two aspects for existing ceramic material and product: first is that being difficult to using conventional process means
Obtain superhigh intensity, it is difficult to meet the performance indicator or economic indicator under specific Service Environment；Second is that in preparation process, especially
In process, the meeting being difficult to avoid that in ceramic material and ceramic product introduces defect, and then becomes in subsequent use process
Weak spot, lead to product failure, cause catastrophic failure.This is also the increasingly sluggisher factor of structural ceramics.
The existing document for being related to prestressed ceramic and patent, mainly include two classes: one kind is such as patent
Metal and Ceramic Composite are used described in CN102155323A, CN102672145A etc., it is made to generate prestressing force；It is another kind of be as
CN101564826A etc. directly applies prestressing force in ceramic surface by prestress application device.Above two method is producible
Prestressing force interface distributions are uneven, and defect is more.
Summary of the invention
To solve problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics and its preparation side
Method.The present invention designs prestressing force, by material component, sectional area by establishing composite ceramics mechanical model on the surface of the material
The purpose that intensity is significantly promoted after two or more Material claddings is realized in the control of equal key parameters.Height prepared by the present invention
Strength prestressed composite ceramics have the advantages that intensity is high, defect is few, and its simple production process, can satisfy mass production and want
It asks.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention offer technical solution is as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics, is made of basis material and skin-material；The Surface sheet
The coefficient of expansion of material is lower than the coefficient of expansion of basis material；The elasticity modulus of the skin-material is not less than the elasticity of basis material
Modulus；The skin-material uniformly coats basis material；
The shape of further described matrix material can be regular shape, be also possible to polymorphic structure；Can be only
Material is also possible to component.
Further, the sectional area of described matrix material and skin-material ratio is obtained by following calculation formula:
Wherein, ASWith ACThe respectively cross-sectional area of basis material and skin-material；σpreFor prestressing force；αsWith αcRespectively
The thermal expansion coefficient of basis material and skin-material；ESWith ECThe respectively elasticity modulus of matrix and skin-material；△TCIt is high-strength
Equivalent temperature difference when prestressing force composite ceramics drop to room temperature from sintering temperature.
In the case where meeting above-mentioned condition, skin-material and basis material can be respectively selected from aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, carbon
One of substances such as SiClx, silicon nitride.
Further, the sectional area of described matrix material and skin-material ratio is 1.0-2500, whether round, rectangle or
Person is polymorphic structure, according to its top view and cross-sectional view, according to Conventional mathematical formula or utilizes professional drawing/software for calculation meter
Calculation, as long as given cross-sectional view, so that it may directly calculating sectional area ratio.
Further, the skin-material is one-component single layer or multi-component and multi-layer.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned high-strength prestressed composite ceramics, comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of basis material and skin-material；
(2) preparation of composite ceramics biscuit: skin-material carries out substrate material surface in a manner of particle packing equal
Even cladding；
(3) high temperature is with burning: composite ceramics biscuit is placed under high temperature and is sintered, and the high temperature for completing skin-material and basis material is same
It burns, then resynchronisation cools down, and forms high-strength prestress composite ceramics.
Further, in the step (2), skin-material is coated entirely to basis material or part cladding；The office
Portion's cladding is symmetrical cladding.Skin-material wraps substrate material surface in a manner of particle packing in the step (2)
It covers, specific mode can be realized using most of existing ceramic molding, sintering process.
Present invention subjectivity artificial first presets inner-stress value (i.e. prestressing force) in skin-material, then compound by what is established
Ceramic mechanical model realizes two kinds or more by control to key parameters such as material component, sectional areas and high temperature with process of burning
Tensile stress inside kind Material cladding rear surface compression, the purpose that bending strength is significantly promoted.The present invention passes through in Surface sheet
Expect default internal stress, so that the bending strength of composite ceramics can promote 238% relative to the bending strength highest of skin-material, phase
57.5% can be promoted for the bending strength highest of basis material.The present invention passes through design material for various sizes of ceramic component
Expect surface prestressing force, composite ceramics integrally bending intensity is increased substantially, to obtain superhigh intensity composite ceramic material and product.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) high its bending strength of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics prepared by the present invention of intensity can greatly improve, and be higher than base
It is highest in body and skin-material, this with conventional composite material strength between the intensity of two kinds of materials the case where not phase
Together；Its bending strength can promote 238% relative to skin-material highest, can promote 57.5% relative to basis material highest；
(2) small product size under conditions of proof strength of size can be smaller than similar product, can economize on resources；
(3) can mass production preparation process it is simple, most of existing pottery can be used in the compound of base layer and superficial layer
Porcelain moulding process, sintering process are suitable for industrial mass production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that prestressing force-sectional area of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics skin-material of the invention compares typical curve；
Fig. 2 is the cladding circular cross-section structural model entirely of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is 2 part cladding circular cross-section structural model of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the cladding rectangular cross section structure model entirely of the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Fig. 5 is 4 part cladding rectangular cross section structure model of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the cladding odd-shaped cross section structural model entirely of the embodiment of the present invention 5；
Fig. 7 is 6 part cladding odd-shaped cross section structural model of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with specific implementation
Example and attached drawing are described in detail.
Above scheme is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrating
The present invention and be not limited to limit the scope of the invention.Implementation condition used in the examples can be done according to the case where specific product
Further adjustment, the implementation condition being not specified is usually the condition in routine experiment.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available.
The present invention provides a kind of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics and preparation method thereof, and specific embodiment is as follows.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics skin-material is aluminium oxide, elasticity modulus 390GPa, the coefficient of expansion 7.8
×10-6/℃；Basis material is zirconium oxide, and elasticity modulus 220GPa, the coefficient of expansion is 10.5 × 10-6/ DEG C, basis material is
Diameter is the cylindrical body of 5mm, calculates its sectional area ratio with circular cross-section.
Inner-stress value (i.e. prestress value) is preset to skin-material first, and is calculated by the following formula and is cut accordingly
Area ratio, the two numerical value corresponding relationship are shown in Table 1.
Wherein, ASWith ACThe respectively cross-sectional area of basis material and skin-material；σpreFor prestressing force；αsWith αcRespectively
The thermal expansion coefficient of basis material and skin-material；ESWith ECThe respectively elasticity modulus of matrix and skin-material；△TCIt is high-strength
Equivalent temperature difference when prestressing force composite ceramics drop to room temperature from sintering temperature.
The preparation method of above-mentioned high-strength prestressed composite ceramics: the following steps are included:
(1) preparation of basis material and skin-material: skin-material is aluminium oxide, elasticity modulus 390GPa, expansion system
Number is 7.8 × 10-6/℃；Basis material is zirconium oxide, and elasticity modulus 220GPa, the coefficient of expansion is 10.5 × 10-6/ DEG C, base
Body material is the cylindrical body that diameter is 5mm；
(2) preparation of composite ceramics biscuit: then setting prestressing force numerical value first is calculated by sectional area than calculation formula
The sectional area of skin-material and basis material ratio (prestressing force-sectional area is shown in Fig. 1 than curve), the thickness of skin-material is calculated with this
Degree；Then alumina material being carried out uniformly full cladding to zirconia cylindrical body surface face by spray coating method, (cladding schematic diagram is shown in figure
2, wherein calculating the two sectional area ratio with top view)；Each parameter is shown in Table embodiment 1 in 1；
(3) high temperature is with burning: composite ceramics biscuit is placed under high temperature and is sintered, and temperature is 1500 DEG C, time 3h, completes surface layer
The high temperature of material and basis material is with burning, and then resynchronisation is cooled to room temperature, and forms high-strength prestress composite ceramics.
Table 1
| Serial number | High temperature with burn temperature/DEG C | △TC/℃ | σpre/MPa | AS/AC |
| Embodiment 1 | 1500 | 1480 | 1135.66 | 4.76 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1500 | 1480 | 1203.45 | 6.01 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1500 | 1480 | 1278.34 | 8.09 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1500 | 1480 | 1361.49 | 12.25 |
| Embodiment 5 | 1500 | 1480 | 1454.29 | 24.75 |
| Embodiment 6 | 1500 | 1480 | 1504.82 | 49.75 |
| Embodiment 7 | 1500 | 1480 | 1515.29 | 62.25 |
| Embodiment 8 | 1350 | 1330 | 1306.89 | 24.75 |
| Embodiment 9 | 1650 | 1630 | 1601.68 | 24.75 |
The prestressing force and sectional area of high-strength prestress composite ceramics manufactured in the present embodiment are shown in Fig. 1 than curve, can by Fig. 1
Know, in a certain range, prestress value can increase with the increase of basis material and the ratio of the sectional area of skin-material, surpass
Certain range is crossed, prestress value will not increase again.
By the high-strength prestress composite ceramics of three point bending test method test preparation, its bending strength is
1112.875MPa, wherein the bending strength of basis material is 880MPa, and the bending strength of skin-material is 410MPa, this implementation
Its bending strength of high-strength prestress composite ceramics of example preparation promotes 171.4% compared with skin-material, relative to basis material
Highest 26.5%.
Embodiment 2:
Each parameter is arranged according to embodiment 2 in table 1 in the present embodiment, wherein by alumina material by spray coating method to oxidation
Zirconium periphery carries out Local Symmetric cladding (cladding schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 3, wherein calculating the two sectional area ratio with top view),
Remaining condition is same as Example 1.
By the high-strength prestress composite ceramics of three point bending test method test preparation, its bending strength is
1161.684MPa, its bending strength of high-strength prestress composite ceramics manufactured in the present embodiment are promoted compared with skin-material
183.3%, 32.0% is promoted relative to basis material.
Embodiment 3:
Each parameter is arranged according to embodiment 3 in table 1 in the present embodiment, wherein the present embodiment basis material is that length and width are all 5mm
Square columns, alumina material is subjected to uniformly full cladding (cladding schematic diagram to zirconia cylindrical body surface face by spray coating method
Fig. 4 is seen, wherein calculating the two sectional area ratio with top view), remaining condition is same as Example 1.
By the high-strength prestress composite ceramics of three point bending test method test preparation, its bending strength is
1215.605MPa, its bending strength of high-strength prestress composite ceramics manufactured in the present embodiment are promoted compared with skin-material
196.5%, 38.1% is promoted relative to basis material.
Embodiment 4:
Each parameter is arranged according to embodiment 4 in table 1 in the present embodiment, wherein the present embodiment basis material is that length and width are all 5mm
Square columns, by alumina material by spray coating method to zirconia cylindrical body surface face carry out Local Symmetric cladding (cladding illustrate
Figure is shown in Fig. 5, wherein calculating the two sectional area ratio with top view), remaining condition is same as Example 1.
By the high-strength prestress composite ceramics of three point bending test method test preparation, its bending strength is
1275.473MPa, its bending strength of high-strength prestress composite ceramics manufactured in the present embodiment are promoted compared with skin-material
211.1%, 44.9% is promoted relative to basis material.
Embodiment 5:
Each parameter is arranged according to embodiment 5 in table 1 in the present embodiment, wherein the present embodiment basis material is polymorphic structure, will
Alumina material by spray coating method carries out uniformly full cladding to zirconia cylindrical body surface face, and (cladding schematic diagram is shown in Fig. 6, to cut in scheming
Face figure calculates the two sectional area ratio), remaining condition is same as Example 1.
By the high-strength prestress composite ceramics of three point bending test method test preparation, its bending strength is
1342.289MPa, its bending strength of high-strength prestress composite ceramics manufactured in the present embodiment are promoted compared with skin-material
227.4%, 52.5% is promoted relative to basis material.
Embodiment 6:
Each parameter is arranged according to embodiment 6 in table 1 in the present embodiment, wherein the present embodiment basis material is polymorphic structure, will
Alumina material carries out Local Symmetric cladding to zirconia cylindrical body surface face by spray coating method and (coats schematic diagram and see Fig. 7, in scheming
Sectional view calculates the two sectional area ratio), remaining condition is same as Example 1.
By the high-strength prestress composite ceramics of three point bending test method test preparation, its bending strength is
1378.67MPa, its bending strength of high-strength prestress composite ceramics manufactured in the present embodiment are promoted compared with skin-material
236.3%, 56.7% is promoted relative to basis material.
Embodiment 7:
Each parameter is arranged according to embodiment 7 in table 1 in the present embodiment, remaining condition is same as Example 1.
By the high-strength prestress composite ceramics of three point bending test method test preparation, its bending strength is
1386.209MPa, its bending strength of high-strength prestress composite ceramics manufactured in the present embodiment are promoted compared with skin-material
238.1%, 57.5% is promoted relative to basis material.
Embodiment 8:
Each parameter is arranged according to embodiment 8 in table 1 in the present embodiment, remaining condition is same as Example 2.
By the high-strength prestress composite ceramics of three point bending test method test preparation, its bending strength is
1308.16MPa, its bending strength of high-strength prestress composite ceramics manufactured in the present embodiment are promoted compared with skin-material
219.1%, 48.7% is promoted relative to basis material.
Embodiment 9:
Each parameter is arranged according to embodiment 9 in table 1 in the present embodiment, remaining condition is same as Example 2.
By the high-strength prestress composite ceramics of three point bending test method test preparation, its bending strength is
1383.61MPa, its bending strength of high-strength prestress composite ceramics manufactured in the present embodiment are promoted compared with skin-material
237.5%, 57.2% is promoted relative to basis material.
In addition to above-mentioned alumina-zirconia system, skin-material/basis material can be following any selection: silicon carbide/
Zirconium oxide, silicon carbide/aluminium oxide, silicon nitride/silicon carbide, silicon nitride/aluminium oxide, silicon nitride/zirconium oxide etc., and prepare high-strength
The bending strength of prestressing force composite ceramics is improved significantly, and because length is limited, this is no longer going to repeat them.
In summary, the bending strength of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics prepared by the present invention can greatly improve, relative to table
Layer material highest can promote 238%, can promote 57.5% relative to basis material highest；And preparation process is simple, base layer and
Most of existing ceramic molding, sintering process can be used in the compound of superficial layer, is suitable for industrial mass production.
The experiment lifted is only preferable example of the invention, is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.It should refer to
Out, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, can also make
Several improvements and modifications, these modifications and embellishments should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics, which is characterized in that burnt by basis material and skin-material high temperature are same；It is described
The coefficient of expansion of skin-material is lower than the coefficient of expansion of basis material；The elasticity modulus of the skin-material is not less than basis material
Elasticity modulus；The skin-material uniformly coats basis material.
2. high-strength prestressed composite ceramics according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described matrix material and skin-material
Sectional area ratio obtained by following calculation formula:
Wherein, ASWith ACThe respectively cross-sectional area of basis material and skin-material；σpreFor prestressing force；αsWith αcRespectively matrix
The thermal expansion coefficient of material and skin-material；ESWith ECThe respectively elasticity modulus of matrix and skin-material；△TCIt pre- is answered to be high-strength
Equivalent temperature difference when power composite ceramics drop to room temperature from sintering temperature.
3. high-strength prestressed composite ceramics according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the skin-material is one-component
Single layer or multi-component and multi-layer.
4. the preparation method of any high-strength prestressed composite ceramics of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that including following step
It is rapid:
(1) preparation of basis material and skin-material；
(2) preparation of composite ceramics biscuit: skin-material uniformly wraps substrate material surface in a manner of particle packing
It covers；
(3) high temperature is with burning: composite ceramics biscuit is placed under high temperature and is sintered, and completes the same burning of high temperature of skin-material and basis material,
Then resynchronisation cools down, and forms high-strength prestressed composite ceramics.
5. the preparation method of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step (2)
In, skin-material is coated entirely to basis material or part cladding.
6. the preparation method of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the part cladding
Symmetrically to coat.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810159609.1A CN110194680A (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-02-26 | A kind of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2019/076052 WO2019161797A1 (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2019-02-25 | High-strength pre-stress composite ceramic and preparation method therefor |
| US17/000,311 US20210130239A1 (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2020-08-22 | High-strength prestressed composite ceramic and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201810159609.1A CN110194680A (en) | 2018-02-26 | 2018-02-26 | A kind of high-strength prestressed composite ceramics and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110759715A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-07 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | Drop-resistant prestress reinforced thin-tube ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN112645696A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-13 | 深圳天一山科技有限公司 | Alumina-reinforced ZTA ceramic substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN113264783A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-08-17 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷发展有限公司 | Prestressed ceramic and preparation method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-02-26 CN CN201810159609.1A patent/CN110194680A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110759715A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-02-07 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | Drop-resistant prestress reinforced thin-tube ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN112645696A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-13 | 深圳天一山科技有限公司 | Alumina-reinforced ZTA ceramic substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN113264783A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-08-17 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷发展有限公司 | Prestressed ceramic and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190903 |