CN110192631B - Food steaming, squeezing and drying system - Google Patents
Food steaming, squeezing and drying system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110192631B CN110192631B CN201910470114.5A CN201910470114A CN110192631B CN 110192631 B CN110192631 B CN 110192631B CN 201910470114 A CN201910470114 A CN 201910470114A CN 110192631 B CN110192631 B CN 110192631B
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
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- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/03—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole pieces or fragments without mashing the original pieces
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
- A23L5/13—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying using water or steam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N12/00—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts
- A23N12/08—Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee, cocoa, nuts for drying or roasting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a food steaming, squeezing and drying system, which comprises at least one steaming unit, a hot air circulation unit and a heating unit; the cooking unit comprises a cooking pot body and a pressure cooker cover; the hot air circulation unit comprises a first fan and two air pipes; the heating unit comprises a hot water source boiler, a hot water generator and a hot water radiator; the hot water generator is positioned in the hot water source boiler, and the hot water radiator is arranged at the bottom in the digester; one end of the hot water generator is communicated with one end of the hot water radiator through a first hot water pipe, the other end of the hot water radiator is communicated with a second hot water pipe, the second hot water pipe is connected with a cold water pipe, and the cold water pipe is connected to the lower part of the digester body. The invention realizes the reutilization of heat energy resources of boiler gas, reduces energy consumption, expands the heating capacity of the hot water source boiler, reduces production cost and reduces equipment investment; shortens the drying period and enlarges the productivity.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The invention particularly relates to a food steaming, squeezing and drying system.
[ background Art ]
The traditional method for preparing the dried bamboo shoots mainly comprises 7 steps:
1. digging bamboo shoots, namely digging the bamboo shoots before and after the Qingming, and then conveying the bamboo shoots to a bamboo shoot processing point.
2. The bamboo shoots are peeled, the fresh bamboo shoots are sent to the machine, the root and the beard are peeled, if the sludge exists, the beard is cleaned. Then put into a steel basket frame for placing bamboo shoots, and wait for boiling the bamboo shoots for standby.
3. The bamboo shoots are boiled in cooking oil and the like, and are cleaned. And then adding water for boiling, putting a plurality of steel basket frames filled with bamboo shoots into a pot by using an electric hoist, ensuring that the water overflows the steel basket frames of the fresh bamboo shoots, placing and installing all the steel basket frames of the fresh bamboo shoots, and covering the steel basket frames and boiling by using strong fire for 2-4 hours.
4. And (3) cooling the bamboo shoots, namely hanging the steel basket filled with the bamboo shoots out of the cooking pot by using an electric hoist after the bamboo shoots are cooked, putting the steel basket into a clean water tank, and then, floating the cooked bamboo shoots for one night after the water level of the tank is higher than that of the steel basket filled with the bamboo shoots. The cooked bamboo shoots must be cooled completely, or the dried bamboo shoots are easy to ferment and rot after being squeezed by hot squeezing.
5. Squeezing, namely breaking half of the bamboo shoots after being cooled or not breaking the whole bamboo shoots, and then immediately spreading out and naturally airing for 5 sun days (the squeezing enclosure with drainage capability can not be aired); firstly, placing the squeezed juice on a squeezing bridge or a skid, laying the juice under the rings by a plate, and then filling the cooled bamboo shoots. When the bamboo shoots are loaded, the lower bamboo shoot bodies are firstly abutted against the ring plate, a ring is firstly placed around the plate, and then the bamboo shoots are placed in the ring. The first layer of bamboo shoots face four sides and the bamboo shoots face inwards; the second layer of bamboo shoots are inward and the second layer of bamboo shoots are outward. Thus, the second layer of bamboo shoots are pressed on the first layer of bamboo shoots. And the third and fourth layers are as above. After the first press ring is full, the second press ring is filled. The middle part of the pressing ring should be slightly more, so that the middle part is raised, and the occurrence of gaps due to the fact that the middle part is not solid is avoided. If there is a gap or no place, the bamboo shoot skin can be used for filling, so that no gap is left. At present, a plurality of squeezing rings are replaced by cement pools, a cover plate and a sleeper are covered after the cement pools are assembled, and then a squeezing beam is pressed to squeeze. The pressure is gradually increased during the squeezing. The first few days of the press are usually twice a day, and then the press can be performed once a few days, and the press time is about 1 month to 1.5 months. And after the squeezing is finished, sealing and squeezing for standby. After sealing and squeezing, the bamboo shoots can not be squeezed at will, especially in places where the bamboo shoots are to be sunned, and the bamboo shoots can be squeezed only by looking at the weather.
6. Sun-drying or baking
Sun-drying, sun-drying bamboo shoots before and after autumn. Must look at the weather before squeezing and make a rain-proof preparation on the sunning ground. After squeezing, taking out flattened bamboo shoots, and putting a slice of bamboo shoots on a bamboo mat or stone. After the bamboo shoots are sun-dried in the first day, the bamboo shoots are sun-dried in the second noon without moving the bamboo shoots and receiving the bamboo shoots in the evening. The sun is turned over once in noon every day and still not received at night. By the fifth day, or when the bamboo shoots are semi-dry, the bamboo shoots are collected every night, the head and the tip are staggered and stacked into a rectangle, and then the bamboo plates are covered. When the sun is dried to nine times (about 7-8 days), the house can be retracted, piled up as before, and pressed with the plate for two or three days to get the moisture regain. Then take out and sun-dry for four and five days, so that the bamboo shoots can be completely sun-dried.
7. Drying (baking) in most areas where dried bamboo shoots are produced, the rainwater is more, natural sun drying cannot be carried out, and the bamboo shoots are generally baked in a soil kiln or an electric drying room after 10 days after summer. The specific method comprises the steps of squeezing the bamboo shoots, washing, penetrating the bamboo shoot heads into bamboo strips with the length of 50cm, placing the bamboo shoots on a wood frame prepared in advance after stringing the bamboo shoots at intervals of 6-7cm, draining water, and putting the bamboo shoots into a curing barn after the bamboo shoots are strung, wherein the length of the bamboo shoots is about 100 kg. The fire is uniform during baking, excessive fire is not suitable, and the whole baking time is about 72 hours. Drying to a thicker part of the bamboo shoot body pressed by fingers, such as all iron hardness, namely, drying.
And sun-drying or baking to obtain the final product of dried bamboo shoots. The traditional preparation method has high labor intensity and high energy consumption; the boiler, the clean water tank, the bamboo shoot pressing machine, the drying kiln or the drying room and the electric hoist are needed to be arranged, and the labor of people is needed to be continued in the middle of production.
On the other hand, in terms of heating and drying, the method of directly using the furnace gas for drying raw materials has long been adopted, such as drying of dried bamboo shoots, brick drying of brick making enterprises, roasting, baking cakes and the like; the flash dryer is also widely applied to the production enterprises of medium-density fiber boards, industrialization is realized, the characteristic that the primary water content of the wood fibers is higher than 80-100% and is not easy to burn is utilized, the wood fibers are sprayed onto hot flue gas, a small amount of flue gas sparks are sprayed out, and if the sparks reach the position of dry fibers behind a drying pipeline, a spraying method is adopted to prevent fire from happening. The drying treatment cycle time of the raw materials such as wood, chinese herbal medicine, coal ball, bamboo wood and the like is up to more than 1 day, and some raw materials are up to more than half a month, so that the raw materials are extremely easy to burn in the later drying stage; for the drying treatment of the extremely inflammable wood, chinese herbal medicine, coal ball and other raw materials, the drying kiln adopted in production is a steam (hot oil and hot water) drying kiln and a furnace gas drying kiln, and the raw materials to be dried are heated by indirectly heating the air in the drying kiln through a heat exchanger, and sometimes the two are used simultaneously.
The original incense core and dried bamboo shoots are dried by adopting coal or biomass waste burned by a boiler hearth, hearth smoke heats air outside the wall of a smoke pipeline radiator through a group of S-shaped flues, and the smoke cooled by the S-shaped flues smoke pipeline radiator is directly discharged by a chimney. The heated hot air is blown into the dried bamboo shoots, the incense cores and the tobacco leaf drying kiln through the fan, and the dried bamboo shoots and the bamboo (wood) incense cores in the drying kiln are dried. The problems with such drying are: 1. the tail gas of the flue gas is directly discharged to the outside without treatment, so that the pollution to the atmosphere is caused. 2. The S-type flue radiator pipeline is directly and dry-burned, the wall of the radiator pipeline is extremely easy to burn through, or the high temperature ignites the inflammable substances such as dried bamboo shoots, bamboo (wood) incense cores and the like because of dust collection outside the inflammable pipeline wall. 3. Because the temperature of the hearth is too high, the temperature of hot air is higher, and the dried bamboo shoots and bamboo (costustoot) cores are carbonized at times, so that the product quality is affected. 4. The operators are required to observe the conditions of raw material drying and a hearth in 24 hours on duty, and fuel is added, so that the operation labor intensity is high, the time consumption is long, and the labor cost is high.
Prior to the 80 s of the last century, domestic furniture and wood industry enterprises are few, most of wood products such as furniture and the like are produced manually, the requirements on wood raw materials are behind the processing, a large market cannot be formed, the quality of the wood raw materials is basically not too high, and most of wood is dried naturally or is dried by adopting a civil engineering manual operation wood drying kiln. In the later 80 s, along with the development of economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, the demand of people for wood products is also larger and larger, and along with the gradual increase of the demand of wood furniture enterprises, the wood boards are also enabled to start to be produced in a centralized way. Wood raw materials are beginning to have demands for quantity and quality. Drying techniques begin to show importance during this period. There are various conventional wood drying methods such as steam heating conventional drying, oven gas heating conventional drying, hot air drying, dehumidification drying, vacuum drying, and conventional drying by hot water and high temperature water circulation heating. The temperature of the dried raw materials is high, if sparks enter, fire accidents are very easy to cause; not only does the heated drying medium not carry sparks, but it is also clean and does not allow dust from the heated drying medium to adhere to the dried material, causing subsequent quality problems. The boiler gas contains a large amount of sparks and dust, and cannot be directly applied to drying of raw materials such as wood, bamboo and the like. The two kilns have large heat consumption and large temperature difference due to the limitation of equipment and the unreasonable layout. Because of these drawbacks, numerous researchers have devised methods to increase the thermal energy utilization of the kiln, but the prior art does not address the problems of increased drying efficiency and reduced energy consumption of the combined heat sink and flue gas drying.
[ invention ]
In order to overcome the defects of the prior equipment, the invention provides a food steaming, squeezing and drying system.
The invention is realized in the following way: a food steaming, squeezing and drying system comprises at least one steaming unit, a hot air circulation unit and a heating unit;
the cooking unit comprises a cooking pot body and a pressure cooker cover, and the bottom of the cooking pot body is a mixing area; the bottom end of the digester body is provided with a discharge valve and a discharge pipe, and the discharge valve is arranged on the discharge pipe;
the hot air circulation unit comprises a first fan and two air pipes, one air pipe is connected between the upper part of the digester body and one end of the first fan, the other air pipe is connected between the bottom of the digester body and the other end of the first fan, and at least one air pipe is provided with a valve;
the heating unit comprises a hot water source boiler, a hot water generator and a hot water radiator; the hot water generator is positioned in the hot water source boiler, and the hot water radiator is arranged at the bottom in the digester; one end of the hot water generator is communicated with one end of the hot water radiator through a first hot water pipe, the other end of the hot water radiator is communicated with a second hot water pipe, the second hot water pipe is connected with a cold water pipe, and the cold water pipe is connected to the lower part of the digester body.
Further, the heating unit comprises a steam generator, the steam generator is positioned in the hot water source boiler, one end of the steam generator is communicated with the bottom of the digester, and the other end of the steam generator is communicated with the cold water pipe.
Further, the device also comprises a heat energy recoverer; the heating unit further comprises a furnace gas radiator, the furnace gas radiator is arranged at the inner bottom of the digester, one end of the furnace gas radiator is connected with a furnace gas unit through a first pipeline, the other end of the furnace gas radiator is connected to the heat energy recoverer through a second pipeline, and a first air door is arranged on the second pipeline and close to the heat energy recoverer.
Further, the furnace gas unit comprises a spark eliminating chamber, a multi-pipe dust remover, a boiler induced draft fan and an electrostatic dust remover, wherein the spark eliminating chamber comprises an ash sedimentation chamber, a cobble layer and a flue gas collecting chamber which are arranged from bottom to top;
the ash sedimentation chamber, the multi-pipe dust remover, the boiler induced draft fan, the electrostatic precipitator and the hot water source boiler are sequentially communicated, and the flue gas collection chamber is respectively communicated with the first pipeline and the heat energy recoverer through pipelines;
a second air door is arranged on a pipeline between the flue gas collection chamber and the first pipeline, and a third air door is arranged on a pipeline between the flue gas collection chamber and the heat energy recoverer.
Further, the heat energy recovery device also comprises a boiler blower, and the heat energy recovery device, the boiler blower and the hot water source boiler are sequentially communicated.
Further, the system also comprises an exhaust chimney which is connected with the heat energy recoverer.
Further, the cooking unit further comprises a residue filter screen disc and an air equalizing platform, wherein the residue filter screen disc and the air equalizing platform are arranged at the bottom in the cooking pot body from top to bottom at intervals; the residue filter screen disc is provided with a plurality of meshes, and the air equalizing platform is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes and an access door.
Further, the cooking unit further comprises a plurality of trays arranged from top to bottom, and the trays are arranged in the cooking pot body at intervals; the upper edges of the left side and the right side of each tray are respectively provided with a flexible wind shield, and a plurality of ventilation through holes are distributed on the trays.
Further, the device also comprises a squeeze plate and a lifting unit, wherein lifting rings are respectively arranged at four corners of the upper surface of the squeeze plate; the lifting unit comprises a hydraulic cylinder, four electric hoists and a hanging frame, wherein the four electric hoists are arranged on the hanging frame, and the four electric hoists are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four hanging rings; the hydraulic cylinder is arranged right above the digester body.
Further, the pressure cooker cover is provided with an exhaust port, a transparent observation window and an illuminating lamp, and the exhaust port is communicated with the heat energy recoverer through a hose.
The invention has the advantages that: the heat energy recoverer and the tail gas of the boiler gas are utilized, so that the heat energy resource of the boiler gas and the waste heat of the cooking and drying gas of the cooking boiler body are recycled, the energy consumption is reduced, the heat supply capacity of the hot water source boiler is enlarged, the time for cooking fresh bamboo shoots is reduced by more than half, the production cost is reduced, meanwhile, the multifunctional boiler is applied, the manual intervention is reduced, the labor cost is reduced, the drying period is shortened, the productivity is enlarged, and meanwhile, the food has the flavor of carbon baking.
[ description of the drawings ]
The invention will be further described with reference to examples of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a food cooking, squeezing and drying system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the cooking unit and the lifting unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of the cooperation of the cooking unit and the lifting unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a third schematic diagram of the cooperation of the cooking unit and the lifting unit according to the present invention.
[ detailed description ] of the invention
Referring to fig. 1, a food cooking, squeezing and drying system includes at least one cooking unit, a hot air circulation unit, a heating unit, a heat energy recoverer 3, a boiler blower 13, a discharge chimney 34, a squeezing plate and a lifting unit; the cooking unit comprises a cooking pot body 5 and a pressure cooker cover 66, and the bottom of the cooking pot body 5 is provided with a mixing zone 59; the bottom end of the digester body 5 is provided with a discharge valve 52 and a discharge pipe 53, and the discharge valve 52 is arranged on the discharge pipe 53; the hot air circulation unit comprises a first fan 42 and two air pipes (41, 43), wherein one air pipe 41 is connected between the upper part of the digester body 5 and one end of the first fan 42, the other air pipe 43 is connected between the bottom of the digester body 5 and the other end of the first fan 42, at least one air pipe 41 is provided with a valve 47, and preferably the other air pipe 43 is also provided with a valve 48; the heating unit includes a hot water source boiler 1, a hot water generator 11, and a hot water radiator 46; the hot water generator 11 is positioned in the hot water source boiler 1, and the hot water radiator 46 is arranged at the inner bottom of the digester body 5; one end of the hot water generator 11 is communicated with one end of the hot water radiator 46 through a first hot water pipe 14, a flow controller 15 is arranged on the first hot water pipe 14, the other end of the hot water radiator 46 is communicated with a second hot water pipe 17, the second hot water pipe 17 is connected with a cold water pipe 173, and the cold water pipe 173 is connected to the lower part of the digester body 5. The first hot water pipe 14 is also connected with the upper part of the cooking pot body 5, hot water is directly supplied to the cooked raw materials, and a flow controller 151 is arranged between the first hot water pipe 14 and the upper part of the cooking pot body 5. A flow controller 172 is provided on the cold water pipe 173 for flushing the lower portion of the digester body 5 and the residue filter tray 57, and for cold water addition, rinsing and cooling the fresh bamboo shoots.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the heating unit includes a steam generator 12, the steam generator 12 is located in the hot water source boiler 1, one end of the steam generator 12 is communicated with the bottom of the cooking pot 5, and the other end is communicated with the cold water pipe 173; a flow controller 18 is connected between the steam generator 12 and the digester body 5. The heating unit further comprises a furnace gas radiator 45, the furnace gas radiator 45 is arranged at the inner bottom of the digester body 5, one end of the furnace gas radiator 45 is connected with a furnace gas unit through a first pipeline 37, the other end of the furnace gas radiator is connected to the heat energy recoverer 3 through a second pipeline 16, and a first air door 36 is arranged on the second pipeline 16 adjacent to the heat energy recoverer 3. A furnace gas discharge pipe 491 is connected between the bottom of the digester 5 and the second pipeline 16, and a furnace gas flow controller 49 is provided on the furnace gas discharge pipe 491.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the furnace gas unit includes a spark eliminating chamber 26, a multi-pipe dust collector 24, a boiler induced draft fan 22 and an electrostatic dust collector 2, the spark eliminating chamber 26 includes an ash settling chamber 261, a cobble layer 262 and a furnace gas collecting chamber 263 arranged from bottom to top; the pebble layer 262 includes 3-4 layers of medium pebbles having a diameter of 10-25cm, and the pebble layer 262 mainly plays a role of isolating a fire source and sparks. The ash sedimentation chamber 261, the multi-pipe dust collector 24, the boiler induced draft fan 22, the electrostatic precipitator 2 and the hot water source boiler 1 are sequentially communicated, and the furnace gas collection chamber 263 is respectively communicated with the first pipeline 37 and the heat energy recoverer 3 through pipelines; a second air door 28 is arranged on the pipeline between the furnace gas collecting chamber 263 and the first pipeline 37, and a third air door 27 is arranged on the pipeline between the flue gas collecting chamber 263 and the heat energy recoverer 3. The function of the spark eliminating chamber 26 is that the ash settling chamber 261 makes the section of the flow of the furnace gas suddenly become larger, the flow speed becomes slower, the running time of the furnace gas is prolonged, the wind speed of the furnace gas is reduced, the residual spark from the multi-pipe dust remover 24 is continuously burnt and extinguished to remove the spark, and dust in the furnace gas is not brought into the furnace gas collecting chamber 263, so that three ash settling and natural settling of fire-extinguishing star dust are realized, and the ash is fallen to the bottom of the ash settling chamber 261, so that part of dust is discharged from the furnace gas; another effect is that the residual mars collide with the cobble layer 262 (3-4 layers) and are further broken up to be extinguished, the cobble layer 262 isolates sparks and mars, so that the furnace gas collected by the furnace gas collecting chamber 263 is clean furnace gas, and even if a small amount of mars still have enough time to be extinguished in the first pipeline 37 and the furnace gas radiator 45, other operation cost is not increased.
Referring again to fig. 1-3, the exhaust stack 34 is connected to the thermal energy recovery device 3. The heat energy recoverer 3 is also connected with a cold air duct 38. The cooking unit further comprises a residue filter screen disc 57, an air equalizing platform 54 and a plurality of trays 62 arranged from top to bottom, wherein the residue filter screen disc 57 and the air equalizing platform 54 are arranged at the inner bottom of the cooking pot body 5 from top to bottom at intervals; the wind equalizing platform 54 is supported by a plurality of support legs 55. The residue filter screen disc 57 is provided with a plurality of meshes 572 for filtering residue waste, so that the cleaning labor of the digester body 5 is reduced; the air equalizing platform 54 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 541 and an access door 542. The trays 62 are arranged in the digester body 5 at intervals; the upper edges of the left and right sides of each tray 62 are respectively provided with a flexible wind deflector 624, and a plurality of ventilation through holes 625 are distributed on the tray 62, wherein the flexible wind deflector 624 is a bendable wind deflector. In a preferred embodiment, steel baskets 61 are placed in the digester 5 for bamboo shoots, respectively, and the steel baskets 61 have a door and a second hanging ring (not shown). The periphery of the tray 62 is respectively provided with an upper fourth hanging ring 621 and a lower fourth hanging ring 622, and the upper fourth hanging ring 621 and the lower fourth hanging ring 622 are connected through a bracket 623 or a hanging rope 623; the upper fourth suspension ring 621 is provided with a suspension rope 65 and a third suspension ring 64. Four invisible fixing rod cavities 56 are arranged at the top edge of the digester body 5, a straight rod 58 is fixed in each fixing rod cavity 56, and the upper end of the straight rod 58 is arranged in the middle of each fixing rod cavity 56 and used for hooking a third hanging ring 64 of a hanging rope 65. The four corners of the upper surface of the pressing plate are respectively provided with a first hanging ring 721; the lifting unit comprises a hydraulic cylinder 7, four electric hoists 8 and a hanging bracket 83, wherein the four electric hoists 8 are arranged on the hanging bracket 83, and the four electric hoists 8 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with four first hanging rings 721; the hydraulic cylinder is arranged right above the digester body 5. The pressure cooker cover 66 is provided with an air outlet 6611, a transparent observation window 662, an illuminating lamp (not shown) and a temperature and pressure control system 661, and the air outlet 6611 is communicated with the heat energy recoverer 3 through a hose 321.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, when the small-batch production mode (the mode of changing the bamboo shoots directly without taking out of the pot) is adopted, the operation method is as follows:
the pressure cooker cover 66 of the cooker body 5 is moved away by the electric hoist 8, the third air door 27 is opened, and the second air door 28 and the first air door 36 are closed; valves 47, 48 on the ductwork 41, 43 are closed. The trays 62 are strung together two by means of a lifting rope 623 (this mode 623 is a lifting rope), an upper fourth lifting ring 621 and a lower fourth lifting ring 622. The lifting hook 82 of the electric hoist 8 lifts the upper fourth lifting ring 621 of the uppermost tray 62. Uniformly placing raw material fresh bamboo shoots on all trays 62, wherein the first layer of bamboo shoots are outward along four sides and the bamboo shoots are inward; the second layer bamboo shoots are inward in head and outward in tip, so that the second layer bamboo shoots are pressed on the first layer bamboo shoots. And the third and fourth layers are as above. After all trays 62 are placed with fresh bamboo shoots, the hooks 82 of the electric hoist 8 move downward until the fresh bamboo shoots on the top tray 62 are below the horizontal plane of the flow controller 151. The electric hoist 8 is stopped, and the third hanging ring 64 on the hanging rope 65 of the fourth hanging ring 621 on the top end tray 62 is placed in the straight rod 58 in the fixed rod cavity 56. The lifting hook 82 is released, the electric hoist 8 lifts the pressure cooker cover 66 and moves to the cooker body 5, and the flexible pipe 321 capable of moving up and down is inserted into the exhaust port 6611 of the pressure cooker cover 66.
Cooking mode:
the discharge valve 52 is closed and the flow controllers 15 and 18 are opened to heat the hot water radiator 46 in the digester 5 and to supply steam to the mixing zone 59 at the bottom of the digester 5. The second damper 28, the first damper 36 and the furnace gas flow controller 44 are opened, the third damper 27, the furnace gas flow controller 49 and the flow controller 172 are closed, and the blower 42 is closed. When the hot water in the digester body 5 reaches the position of the flow controller 151, the flow controller 151 is closed. Under the combined action of the hot water radiator 46 and the furnace gas radiator 45, the steam heating in the bottom mixing zone 59 in the digester body 5 is continuously maintained, and the steam in the digester body 5 is maintained at a certain pressure (which corresponds to a steam autoclave at this time).
After the cooking time has been reached, the flow controllers 15, 44, 18 are closed. After venting, the hose 321 is lifted, and the hose 321 is separated from the exhaust port 6611 of the pressure cooker cover 66. Then the electric hoist 8 hangs the pressure cooker cover 66 open the discharge valve 52 to discharge all boiled hot water and distilled water; the hot sewage is discharged to a sewage collecting tank (not shown). After the hot sewage is discharged cleanly, the discharge valve 52 is closed. The flow controller 172 is opened, and after cold water is added to the discharge pipe of the flow controller 151, the flow controller 172 is closed; rinsing and cooling the fresh bamboo shoots. After the cooked bamboo shoots are cooled for 24 hours over 1 day and 1 night, the drain valve 52 is opened to drain all the cooling water. The electric hoist 8 moves to the upper part of the digester body 5, the hanging hook 82 is lowered, the hanging hook 82 hooks the upper fourth hanging ring 621 on the top tray 62, and then the electric hoist is lifted up to a little to stop. Lifting and releasing the third lifting ring 64 on the lifting rope 65 causes the third lifting ring 64 to move out of the upright 58 and rest on the tray 62.
Press mode: as shown in fig. 3, the electric hoist 8 lowers the hooks 82 so that the trays 62 are pressed together, the bottom tray 62 is directly placed on the residue filter tray 57, the hooks 82 are released, and the electric hoist 8 is used to hoist the pressing plate into the digester body 5 and press against the cooked bamboo shoots of the top tray 62. The discharge valve 52 is closed and the hydraulic cylinder 7 is opened, pressing the piston 71 against the press plate. The pressure is gradually increased during the squeezing. The first few days of the press are usually twice a day, and then the press can be performed once a few days, and the press time is about 1 month to 1.5 months. After the squeezing is finished, the hydraulic cylinder 7 is closed, the piston 71 is lifted and moved into the hydraulic cylinder 7, the electric hoist 8 is put down the lifting hook 82 to hook the lifting ring 721 on the squeezing plate, and the squeezing plate is lifted away. The upper fourth hanging ring 621 of the top end tray 62 is hooked by the electric hoist 8, the third hanging ring 64 for hanging the top end tray 62 to the hanging rope 65 can be stopped when being placed on the upright post 58, the third hanging ring 64 of the hanging rope 65 is placed on the upright post 58, then the hanging hook 82 is placed down, and after the tray 62 does not continuously descend, the hanging hook 82 is loosened, so that each tray 62 is naturally opened to facilitate drying. Then the electric hoist 8 lifts the pressure cooker cover 66 again to the upper portion of the digester body 5, lowers the pressure cooker cover 66 on the digester body 5, opens the discharge valve 52, and discharges all the squeeze water.
Drying mode: closing the discharge valve 52, opening the flow controllers 15, 44 and the furnace gas flow controller 49, opening the valves 47, 48, opening the blower 42, mixing the steam, furnace gas and hot air in the digester body 5 up and down, and passing the mixed hot air through the plurality of ventilation holes 541 and the access door 542 of the air equalizing platform 54. And then through the plurality of fine mesh openings 572 in the debris screen tray 57 to the lowermost tray 62. The hot air flows through the cooked bamboo shoots on the tray 62 in an S-shaped motion in the digester body 5 due to the flexible wind deflector 624 on the tray 62. Taking away the water in the cooked bamboo shoots. The pressure cooker cover 66 contains a temperature and pressure control system 661 for detecting the water content data of hot air, so that the hot and humid air reaching the index is timely discharged, the hot and humid air in the cooker body 5 is ensured to be at the optimal water content level, and the drying efficiency of the dried bamboo shoots is improved. (drying time 48 hours) after the dried bamboo shoots reach the drying requirement, the flow controllers 44, 15 and the oven gas flow controller 49 are closed, (if there is only one digester body 5, the second damper 28, the first damper 36 are closed), the blower 42 is closed, and the valves 47, 48 are closed. The hook 82 of the electric hoist 8 lifts the press lid 66 and moves it to the standby position. The electric hoist 8 is retracted with the lifting hook 82 and moves to the upper part of the digester body 5 again, and simultaneously, the lifting hook 82 is lowered onto the tray 62 at the inner top of the digester body 5, the upper fourth lifting ring 621 of the tray 62 is hooked again, the electric hoist is lifted gradually, and the third lifting ring 64 of the lifting rope 65 is taken off from the supporting column 58. The tray 62 is lifted up again to the mouth of the cooking pot 5 or moved to the outside to take out the dried bamboo shoots on the tray 62. Finally, the electric hoist 8 hangs out the residue filter screen disc 57 again, and the waste and sundries on the residue filter screen disc 57 are cleaned. And then cleaning the air equalizing platform 54 and the components at the lower part in the digester body 5. After cleaning, the residue filter screen disc 57 is hung in the digester body 5 to wait for the next processing of the dried bamboo shoots.
Referring again to fig. 1-4, when a mass production mode is employed, the differences from the small mass production mode described above are as follows:
the lifting hooks 82 of the electric hoist 8 lift the plurality of steel basket frames 61 into the digester body 5 until the fresh bamboo shoots on the uppermost steel basket frame 61 are positioned below the flow controller 151; opening the steam flow controller 18 to enable steam to flow into the digester body 5 from the pipeline 19; after the boiling is finished, after the hot sewage is discharged completely, a plurality of steel basket frames 61 are lifted to a cold water tank (not shown) for rinsing and cooling, after the cooked bamboo shoots are cooled for 24 hours for 1 day and 1 night, the cooked bamboo shoots are placed on a tray 62 in the same way as the above method. Ventilation through holes 625 in the tray 62 are used for quick drying of dried bamboo shoots.
After the boiler tail gas with the temperature of 350-450 ℃ is subjected to primary dust removal through the electrostatic dust remover 2, the boiler tail gas is sprayed into the multi-pipe dust remover 24 through the boiler induced draft fan 22 for secondary dust removal, then cleaner high-temperature boiler gas is subjected to further dust and spark settlement through the ash settlement chamber 261 of the boiler gas spark elimination chamber 26, residual sparks are further scattered and extinguished to the cobble of the cobble layer 262 (3-4 layers), sparks and sparks are isolated by the cobble layer 262, and clean boiler gas collected by the boiler gas collection chamber 263 enters the boiler gas radiator 45 through the second air door 28 and the first pipeline 37.
The flow velocity of the furnace gas blown into the furnace gas spark eliminating chamber 26 is reduced due to the increase of the flow section of the furnace gas, the wind speed of the furnace gas is reduced, and three ash deposition and fire removing and extinguishing processes are carried out; the residual sparks are continuously burned, extinguished and scattered by the multi-tube dust remover 24 to remove sparks, and further prevent the combustion of the dry raw material caused by the tail gas of the furnace gas blown into the furnace gas collecting chamber 263. The furnace gas entering the furnace gas radiator 45 heats the circulated drying medium air in the drying chamber under the action of the axial flow fan 42. Through the furnace gas exhaust pipe 491, the furnace gas exhaust tail gas which is carried with the furnace gas exhaust tail gas controlled by the furnace gas flow controller 49 is blown onto the furnace gas radiator 45, the furnace gas in the furnace gas radiator 45 is cooled, and after the mixed furnace gas is heated by the hot water radiator 46, the hot air passes through the plurality of ventilation holes 541 and the maintenance access door 542 of the air equalizing platform 54. And then through the plurality of fine mesh openings 572 in the debris screen tray 57 to the lowermost tray 62. Due to the arrangement of the tray 62, the hot air moves in an S shape in the pot 5 and flows through the cooked bamboo shoots on the tray 62 to take away the water in the cooked bamboo shoots.
The hot moisture discharged from the discharge port 661 of the temperature and pressure control system 661 is discharged into the heat energy recoverer 3 through the pipes 321, 32. The digestion in the digestion press dryer 5 is not acceptable and the excess oven gas tail gas is discharged to the heat energy recoverer 3 by the adjustment of the first damper 36. By absorbing heat of the cold air, the discharged furnace gas tail gas and the heat energy of the dry and heated high-temperature wet air tail gas are absorbed, the heated air enters the inlet of the boiler blower 13 through the air pipe 35, and is blown into the hot water source boiler 1 by the boiler blower 13. The furnace gas tail gas and the heat energy of the dry and heated high-temperature wet air tail gas are discharged by the heat energy recoverer 3 after heat energy is radiated, and are discharged into the chimney 34 through the air pipe 33.
The mixing zone 59 at the bottom of the digester body 5 directly mixes the furnace gas and the hot air, so that the internal gas mixing is realized, the furnace gas cooling is realized without the help of external atmosphere, and the heat energy loss of the furnace gas is reduced. The method can directly apply the boiler furnace gas with the temperature of up to 150 ℃ to carry out the rapid drying of the early-stage wet dried bamboo shoots, reduce the temperature in the digester body 5, adjust the humidity of the dry hot air medium and reduce the heat loss caused by the convection interference of the external atmosphere air. The heat energy recoverer 3 and the furnace gas are utilized, so that the heat energy resource of the furnace gas of the boiler is recycled, the energy consumption is reduced, the heat supply capacity of the hot water source boiler 1 is increased by 30%, the process period of moisture removal is canceled, the raw materials are dried and kept in the environment with optimal humidity and temperature requirements, the moisture in the object is removed, the drying period is shortened by more than one hour, and the productivity is increased by 15%. In addition, the invention fully utilizes the characteristic of higher temperature of the waste heat of the tail gas of the furnace gas collecting chamber 263, and supplies heat to the boiler blower from the tail gas discharged by the furnace gas collecting chamber 263, thereby realizing the secondary utilization of the waste heat of the discharged tail gas. The water content of the high-temperature furnace gas is lower because no cold air is added for cooling, so that the hot water, the furnace gas heating and the furnace gas mixture have stronger drying capacity. The ash passes through the four dust collection devices, so that a conventional water film dust remover for dust removal of furnace gas is omitted, the environmental pollution problem caused by air and sewage is avoided, the waste of water resources is avoided, and the multiple utilization of one gas is realized. The open rate in the digester body 5 is increased due to the shortened drying cycle of the raw materials for more than one hour. Because the high-temperature furnace gas is used for drying in the digester body 5, the baked raw materials have the taste of carbon baking, and baked foods such as sweet potatoes, fruit slices, dried bamboo shoots, chickens, ducks, fish, meat and the like have the taste of carbon baking, so that the selling point of the foods is improved. On the other hand, due to the steaming action of the steam, the time for boiling the fresh bamboo shoots is reduced by more than half, the production cost is reduced, meanwhile, the multifunctional bamboo shoot pot is applied in one pot, the investment of equipment is reduced, the time for manual intervention is also reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced.
Claims (4)
1. A food cooking, squeezing and drying system, which is characterized in that: comprises at least one cooking unit, a hot air circulation unit and a heating unit;
the cooking unit comprises a cooking pot body and a pressure cooker cover, and the bottom of the cooking pot body is a mixing area; the bottom end of the digester body is provided with a discharge valve and a discharge pipe, and the discharge valve is arranged on the discharge pipe;
the hot air circulation unit comprises a first fan and two air pipes, one air pipe is connected between the upper part of the digester body and one end of the first fan, the other air pipe is connected between the bottom of the digester body and the other end of the first fan, and at least one air pipe is provided with a valve;
the heating unit comprises a hot water source boiler, a hot water generator and a hot water radiator; the hot water generator is positioned in the hot water source boiler, and the hot water radiator is arranged at the bottom in the digester; one end of the hot water generator is communicated with one end of the hot water radiator through a first hot water pipe, the other end of the hot water radiator is communicated with a second hot water pipe, the second hot water pipe is connected with a cold water pipe, and the cold water pipe is connected to the lower part of the digester body;
the device also comprises a heat energy recoverer; the heating unit further comprises a furnace gas radiator, the furnace gas radiator is arranged at the inner bottom of the digester, one end of the furnace gas radiator is connected with a furnace gas unit through a first pipeline, the other end of the furnace gas radiator is connected to the heat energy recoverer through a second pipeline, and a first air door is arranged on the second pipeline adjacent to the heat energy recoverer;
the furnace gas unit comprises a spark eliminating chamber, a multi-pipe dust remover, a boiler induced draft fan and an electrostatic dust remover, wherein the spark eliminating chamber comprises an ash sedimentation chamber, a cobble layer and a flue gas collecting chamber which are arranged from bottom to top;
the ash sedimentation chamber, the multi-pipe dust remover, the boiler induced draft fan, the electrostatic precipitator and the hot water source boiler are sequentially communicated, and the flue gas collection chamber is respectively communicated with the first pipeline and the heat energy recoverer through pipelines;
a second air door is arranged on a pipeline between the flue gas collection chamber and the first pipeline, and a third air door is arranged on a pipeline between the flue gas collection chamber and the heat energy recoverer;
the heat energy recovery device comprises a heat energy recovery device, a boiler blower and a hot water source boiler, wherein the heat energy recovery device, the boiler blower and the hot water source boiler are sequentially communicated;
the system also comprises an exhaust chimney, wherein the exhaust chimney is connected with the heat energy recoverer;
the device also comprises a squeeze plate and a lifting unit, wherein lifting rings are respectively arranged at four corners of the upper surface of the squeeze plate; the lifting unit comprises a hydraulic cylinder, four electric hoists and a hanging frame, wherein the four electric hoists are arranged on the hanging frame, and the four electric hoists are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the four hanging rings; the hydraulic cylinder is arranged right above the digester body;
the pressure cooker cover is provided with an exhaust port, a transparent observation window and an illuminating lamp, and the exhaust port is communicated with the heat energy recoverer through a hose.
2. A food cooking press drying system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the heating unit comprises a steam generator, the steam generator is positioned in the hot water source boiler, one end of the steam generator is communicated with the bottom of the digester, and the other end of the steam generator is communicated with the cold water pipe.
3. A food cooking press drying system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the cooking unit further comprises a residue filter screen disc and an air equalizing platform, wherein the residue filter screen disc and the air equalizing platform are arranged at the inner bottom of the cooking pot body from top to bottom at intervals; the residue filter screen disc is provided with a plurality of meshes, and the air equalizing platform is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes and an access door.
4. A food cooking press drying system as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the cooking unit further comprises a plurality of trays arranged from top to bottom, and the trays are arranged in the cooking pot body at intervals; the upper edges of the left side and the right side of each tray are respectively provided with a flexible wind shield, and a plurality of ventilation through holes are distributed on the trays.
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| CN201910470114.5A CN110192631B (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | Food steaming, squeezing and drying system |
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| CN111964372B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-12-14 | 喻立强 | Automatic energy-saving heat-preservation drying box |
| CN112401282A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-26 | 湖南桃美竹笋有限公司 | Bamboo shoot processing all-in-one machine and processing method |
| CN112493394A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-03-16 | 湖南桃美竹笋有限公司 | Container and bamboo shoot processing all-in-one |
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| CN1860921A (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2006-11-15 | 姚学明 | Method for processing dried bamboo shoots |
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| CN1860921A (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2006-11-15 | 姚学明 | Method for processing dried bamboo shoots |
| CN104501547A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-08 | 福建省永安林业(集团)股份有限公司 | Radiator and furnace gas hybrid application drying kiln system |
| CN104872778A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-09-02 | 青田真旺农林科技发展有限公司 | Original ecology dried bamboo shoot processing device and processing method thereof |
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