CN110191854B

CN110191854B - Elevator device

Info

Publication number: CN110191854B
Application number: CN201780083093.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金山泰裕; 西野克典; 西野隆博
Original assignee: Hitachi Ltd
Current assignee: Hitachi Ltd
Priority date: 2017-01-31
Filing date: 2017-01-31
Publication date: 2020-09-25
Anticipated expiration: 2037-01-31
Also published as: CN110191854A; SG11201905983SA; WO2018142447A1

Abstract

The invention provides an elevator device, which is provided with a safety device for restraining the increase of the size and the weight of a car in the lifting direction. The elevator device of the present invention is characterized by comprising: a limit switch (21) arranged near the upper and lower terminal layers of the lifting hoistway; and an operating member (24) provided on the car (1) for operating the limit switch (21), the elevator apparatus having the following structure: the operation member (24) is a member using a component (8a) of the car (1), and can be brought into contact with the limit switch (21) to detect that the car (1) has exceeded a normal operating range, and stop the operation of the hoisting machine to stop the lifting of the car (1).

Description

Elevator device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus.

Background

An elevator apparatus is provided with a mechanical limit switch as a safety device for detecting that a car has exceeded a normal operation range of a terminal floor. Such mechanical limit switches are provided near the lower terminal floor and near the upper terminal floor of the elevator shaft. The mechanical limit switch has the following structure: a cam (cam) having a length direction in a lifting direction of the car is provided on the car side, and when the car enters a region beyond a normal operation range, the cam of the car comes into contact with a limit switch of a hoistway to be in a conductive state, and accordingly, the car is braked by a braking device, or power supply to a main circuit of a power conversion device that supplies power to a hoisting machine is cut off, or the like, so that the car is stopped.

An example of an elevator apparatus provided with a mechanical limit switch is disclosed in patent document 1. Patent document 1 describes an elevator, including: an operation member provided in the carriage; a position detection switch provided in the elevator shaft and operated by the operation member when the car body moves to a position where the car body can be loaded; and a control device which receives a signal from the position detection switch after the carriage moves to the carriage passable position and can switch between a carriage passable mode and a normal operation mode in which the carriage is stopped.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese laid-open patent publication No. H09-286575

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved by the invention

However, in the elevator apparatus described in patent document 1, since the cam provided on the car side needs to keep the operating state of the limit switch within the maximum distance that the car can move after traveling beyond the terminal floor, the length of the cam needs to be set relatively large, which leads to a problem of increased weight and increased cost.

In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide an elevator apparatus having a safety device that suppresses an increase in the size and weight of a car in the lifting direction.

Means for solving the problems

In order to achieve the above object, an elevator apparatus according to the present invention includes: limit switches arranged near upper and lower terminal layers of the lifting hoistway; and an operating member provided in the car for operating the limit switch, the elevator apparatus having the following structure: the operating member is a member using a component of the car, and detects that the car has exceeded a normal operating range by contacting the limit switch, and stops the operation of the hoisting machine to stop the lifting of the car.

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elevator apparatus having a safety device that suppresses an increase in the size and weight of a car in the direction of ascent and descent.

Problems, structures, and effects other than those described above will be apparent from the following description of the embodiments.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an elevator apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view showing the car 1 of fig. 1 and its periphery.

Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the car 1 of fig. 1 and its periphery.

Detailed Description

An elevator apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an elevator apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, an elevator apparatus 100 of the present invention includes: a car 1 and a counterweight 20 provided in a hoistway 10; a rope (main rope) 16 connecting the car 1 and the counterweight 20; and a traction machine 4 for driving the slings 16. An elevator apparatus 100 shown in fig. 1 is a traction type elevator apparatus, and has the following configuration: the hoisting machine 4 frictionally drives a rope 16 (traction rope) wound around a sheave (drive sheave) 4a to move the car 1 and the counterweight 20 up and down by

pulleys

12 and 25.

Fig. 2 is a side view showing the car 1 of fig. 1 and its periphery, and fig. 3 is a plan view showing the car 1 of fig. 1 and its periphery. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the elevator shaft 10 is further provided with a car guide rail 2 for guiding the car 1, a counterweight guide rail 3 for guiding the counterweight, a control device 5, a position detection device 6, and a speed governor 7. In addition, a car upper rail (hand) 8 is provided in the car body of the car 1.

The car guide rail 2 is fixed to a wall surface of the hoistway 10 via a rail bracket 11. The car 1 is slidably engaged with the car guide rail 2, and is guided by the car guide rail 2 to move up and down in the hoistway 10.

The counterweight guide rail 3 is fixed to a wall surface of the hoistway 10, and a counterweight 20 (not shown in fig. 2 and 3) is slidably engaged with the counterweight guide rail 3 and guided by the counterweight guide rail 3 to be raised and lowered in the hoistway 10. The direction in which the car 1 and the counterweight 20 are raised and lowered is referred to as a raising and lowering direction. That is, the

guide rails

2, 3 guide the car 1 and the counterweight 20 in the ascending and descending direction, respectively.

The suspension rope 16 is wound around a car body lower sheave 12 disposed below the car 1 at its intermediate position, and its end is connected to a suspension rope end beam port 13 provided in an upper portion of the hoistway 10, thereby suspending the car 1.

The hoisting machine 4 is provided at an intermediate position of the hoistway 10, and a hoist rope 16 for hoisting the car 1 and the counterweight 20 is wound around a drive sheave 4a thereof. The hoisting machine 4 rotates the driving sheave 4a to frictionally drive the hoist rope 16, thereby raising and lowering the car 1 and the counterweight 20.

The control device 5 is provided at an intermediate position of the hoistway 10, and generally controls the hoisting machine 4, safety devices of the elevator apparatus, and the like.

The position detection device 6 includes: a shielding plate 14 provided at a position corresponding to each floor of the hoistway 10; and a distance meter (positec) 15 attached to the car 1 so as to be able to face the shield plate 14, and the position of the car 1 can be detected by the shield plate 14 facing the distance meter 15.

The governor 7 detects the elevating speed of the car 1, and stops the car 1 in an emergency when the car 1 exceeds the rated speed and reaches a predetermined overspeed.

The car upper rail 8 is a fixed member provided along the outer periphery of the upper surface of the car 1, and is a member for ensuring safety when a maintenance worker rides on the car of the car 1 during maintenance work. The upper car balustrade 8 includes a plurality of

vertical frames

8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d extending in the lifting direction of the car 1, and a horizontal frame 8e provided across the plurality of vertical frames 8a to 8 d.

The elevator apparatus 100 of the present invention includes, as a safety device: a mechanical limit switch 21 that detects that the car 1 has exceeded a normal operating range of the terminal floor; and an operating member 24 provided in the car 1 and capable of operating (e.g., turning on) the limit switch 21. In fig. 2 and 3, as the limit switch, an upper limit switch 21 is shown. The upper limit switch 21 is provided in the vicinity of the upper terminal floor of the hoistway 10, and is operated to cut off the power supply to the main circuit of the power conversion device that supplies power to the hoisting machine 4, thereby making it possible to put the car 1 in a state where it cannot run (ascend).

The upper limit switch 21 is attached to one end of the limit switch frame 22, and the other end of the limit switch frame 22 is fastened (co-fastening) to the car guide rail 2 by the rail frame 11 and fixed to the wall surface of the hoistway 10. Although not shown, a lower limit switch is similarly provided near the lower terminal floor of the elevator shaft 10, and the power supply to the main circuit of the power conversion device that supplies power to the hoisting machine 4 is shut off as it is operated.

In fig. 2, the operation member 24 includes: a vertical frame 8a of the upper rail 8 of the carriage body, which is arranged at a position opposite to the upper limit switch 21; and a below-car-body operation cam 23 provided at a lower portion of the car 1 and provided at a position where it can face a lower limit switch (not shown). The vertical frame 8a has a flat surface without irregularities in the lifting direction of the car 1 so that the upper limit switch 21 can slide when it comes into contact with the upper limit switch 21.

As described above, the elevator apparatus 100 of the present invention has the following features: as an operating member for operating the limit switch, a component of the car 1 (an upper car body rail in the present embodiment) is used. By using such a configuration, it is possible to provide an elevator apparatus having a safety device that suppresses an increase in the size and weight of the car in the lifting direction. The shape of the limit switch is not particularly limited, and a conventional shape can be applied.

Next, the operation of the upper limit switch 21 will be described.

When the car 1 travels from the standard stop position at the uppermost layer, which is a normal operation range, beyond a predetermined distance (when the car is excessively raised) due to some abnormality, the vertical frame 8a of the car upper balustrade 8 comes into contact with the upper limit switch 21 to be in a conductive state, and a switching signal is output from the upper limit switch 21 to the control device 5. The control device 5 that has received the output cuts off the power supply to the main circuit of the power conversion device that supplies power to the hoisting machine 4, and stops the car 1.

There is a time lag from when the vertical frame 8a of the upper balustrade 8 of the car body comes into conduction with the upper limit switch 21 until the car 1 actually stops. Therefore, although the car 1 is still raised after the vertical frame 8a contacts the upper limit switch 21, the upper limit switch 21 slides on the surface of the vertical frame 8a during this time, and the upper limit switch 21 is maintained in the on state.

On the other hand, when the car 1 travels from the minimum standard stop position by a predetermined distance (at the time of excessive lowering) due to some abnormality, the car lower operation cam 23 comes into contact with the lower limit switch (not shown) to be in the on state, and a switching signal is output from the lower limit switch to the control device 5. The control device 5 that has received the output cuts off the power supply to the main circuit of the power conversion device that supplies power to the hoisting machine 4, and stops the car 1.

As described in patent document 1, conventionally, an operating member that contacts an upper limit switch and an operating member that contacts a lower limit switch are integrally formed and attached to a car. This is because the manner of making one component is advantageous in terms of manufacturability and cost, as compared to dividing the operating component into two components.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the constituent members of the car 1 (the vertical frame 8a, which is a member of a part of the upper balustrade 8 for maintenance) are used as the operating members for operating the upper limit switch 21 as described above, there is no need to provide the operating members for operating the upper limit switch 21, and therefore, the weight of the car can be reduced as compared with the case where the operating members in contact with the upper limit switch and the operating members in contact with the lower limit switch are provided as an integrated operating member as in patent document 1.

Further, as described above, since the car 1 is continuously raised and lowered after the operating member is in contact with the limit switch, the operating member must be continuously brought into contact with the limit switch during this time, and the vertical frame 8a of the upper balustrade 8 of the car body is a member having a predetermined height dimension for ensuring safety during maintenance, and therefore, the operating state of the upper limit switch 21 is sufficiently maintained within the maximum distance that the car 1 can be raised even after traveling beyond the terminal floor. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide an operating member longer than the vertical frame 8a, and the extra size of the car 1 can be suppressed. In other words, an increase in the dimension of the car 1 in the ascending/descending direction can be suppressed.

The vertical frame 8a of the car upper balustrade 8 is used in the above embodiment as a component of the car 1 as an operating member for operating the upper limit switch 21, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Any member may be used as long as it has a structure that can slide in the ascending direction of the car 1 while being in contact with the limit switch 21. The operating member for operating the upper limit switch 21 is not limited to the one shown in fig. 2, and the under-car operating cam 23 may be used as a component of the car 1.

As described above, the elevator apparatus according to the present invention shows the following: an elevator device having a safety device that suppresses an increase in the size and weight of a car in the direction of ascent and descent can be provided.

The elevator apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention described in the claims.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the limit switch operated by the vertical frame 8a of the upper car balustrade 8 is only the upper limit switch 21 that is provided near the upper terminal floor of the hoistway 10 and cuts off the power supply to the main circuit of the power conversion device that supplies power to the hoisting machine 4 when operated.

That is, the following configurations can be made: the elevator device comprises a limit switch and a limit switch, wherein the limit switch acts when the car 1 travels from the standard stop position of the terminal floor for more than a specified distance, the limit switch acts when the car travels beyond a certain distance outside the specified distance, and the limit switch are respectively operated by a vertical frame 8a of a railing 8 on the car body.

The present invention is not limited to a machine room-less elevator apparatus. The present invention is also applicable to an elevator apparatus having a machine room, as well as an elevator apparatus of a machine room-less type, because the structure is the same in the elevator apparatus having a machine room.

Description of the reference numerals

1 … … car, 2 … … guide rail for carriage, 3 … … guide rail for counterweight, 4 … … tractor, 4a … … rope wheel (driving traction wheel), 5 … … control device, 6 … … position detection device, 7 … … speed regulator, 8 … … carriage upper rail, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d … … longitudinal frame, 8e … … transverse frame, 10 … … lifting shaft, 11 … … guide rail frame, 12 … … carriage lower pulley, 13 … … sling end beam port, 14 … … shielding plate, 15 … … distance measuring instrument, 16 … … sling, 20 … … counterweight, 21 … … upper limit switch, 22 … … limit switch frame, 23 … … carriage lower operating cam, 24 … … operating component, 25 … … counterweight pulley and 100 … … elevator device.

Claims

1. An elevator apparatus, comprising: a car disposed in the hoistway; a counterweight; a hoist rope connected to the car and the counterweight; and a traction machine for driving the hoist cable,

the elevator device is characterized by comprising:

limit switches arranged near upper and lower terminal layers of the lifting hoistway; and an operating member provided to the car for operating the limit switch,

the elevator device has the following structure: the operation member is in contact with the limit switch to detect that the car has exceeded a normal operation range, and the operation of the hoisting machine is stopped to stop the lifting of the car,

the operating member is a member using a component of the car,

the component of the car is a car upper railing arranged on the upper part of the car,

the upper car body railing is provided with a plurality of longitudinal frames extending in the lifting direction of the car and a transverse frame arranged across the longitudinal frames,

the vertical frame arranged at a position facing the limit switch among the plurality of vertical frames constitutes the operation member.

2. An elevator arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the surface of the vertical frame constituting the operating member, which is in contact with the limit switch, is flat in the direction in which the car is lifted.

3. An elevator arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the limit switch is a member provided near an upper terminal floor of the hoistway.

4. An elevator arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that:

the limit switch is a limit switch that cuts off power supply to a main circuit of a power conversion device for supplying power to the hoisting machine as it is operated.