CN110188938A - A kind of rail traffic networking initial stage routine bus system route screening technique to be adjusted - Google Patents

A kind of rail traffic networking initial stage routine bus system route screening technique to be adjusted Download PDF

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CN110188938A
CN110188938A CN201910433889.5A CN201910433889A CN110188938A CN 110188938 A CN110188938 A CN 110188938A CN 201910433889 A CN201910433889 A CN 201910433889A CN 110188938 A CN110188938 A CN 110188938A
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principal component
rail
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CN110188938B (en
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过秀成
吕方
李家斌
刘珊珊
郑美娜
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of routine bus system route screening technique to be adjusted of rail traffic networking initial stage, include the following steps: the width for 1) analyzing urban rail corridor band;2) access line characteristic index carries out dimension-reduction treatment using Principal Component Analysis, extracts the principal component of characterization line characteristics;3) routing indicator in rail traffic coverage is clustered with Hierarchical Cluster, the statistical indicator for analyzing the feature of each cluster takes the regulating measures of differentiation.The present invention is on the basis of qualitative analysis, specify that ground is total to the characteristic of division on intersection road using quantitative analysis, the correlated state of routine bus system and rail traffic can be more synthetically analyzed in terms of route geometry, capacity, passenger flow demand, spatial relationship, competing conjunction relationship etc. are several, reference is provided further to formulate detailed line adjustment scheme, be conducive to public transport resources integration and reasonable distribution, alleviate two kinds of public transport modes to vie each other, enhancing linking and cooperation.

Description

A kind of rail traffic networking initial stage routine bus system route screening technique to be adjusted
Technical field
The invention belongs to public transport line optimisation technique fields, and in particular to a kind of rail traffic networking initial stage is to be adjusted Routine bus system route screening technique.
Background technique
When routine bus system route to be adjusted on corridor is screened in domestic each city in concrete practice, the differentiation that mainly uses According to the conllinear website number or distance for being rail line and routine bus system route, index value is obtained by empirical method, and each There are larger differences in city.It is existing research consider routine bus system route adjustment when, generally only consider routine bus system route with The spatial relationship of single track route has the applicability in the city at track networking initial stage to be reinforced.Networking initial stage track Traffic often forms radial pattern network centered on Downtown, and the number of lines is at 2 or more, for serving core space or wearing The more routine bus system route of core space, it is possible that spatially forming collinear relationship with 1 or more rail line.? In the formulation process of adjustable strategies, it is generally principle to avoid parallel circuit competition, secondary passenger flow is cancelled or be transferred to route Corridor fails to fully consider the transfer cooperative relationship between rail traffic and routine bus system.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention discloses a kind of routine bus system route screenings to be adjusted of rail traffic networking initial stage Method specifies that ground is total to the characteristic of division on intersection road using quantitative analysis on the basis of qualitative analysis, further to formulate Detailed line adjustment scheme provides reference.Be conducive to public transport resources integration and reasonable distribution.
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of rail traffic networking initial stage routine bus system route screening technique to be adjusted, comprising the following steps:
1, urban rail corridor width is determined
Urban rail corridor be centered on rail line, two sides certain distance radiation scope be formed by banded regions Domain, i.e. the routine bus system route of approach urban rail corridor should include road and its two sides parallel track where rail line The route of road;Routine bus system route where rail line on the road of both sides of the road also will be by rail transportation operation It influences;Urban rail corridor bandwidth is plugged into according to urban railway station walking apart from progress value.Walking is plugged into apart from by traffic tune It discovers and seizes, 80 quartile walkings is taken to plug into distance as reference value;
2, the analysis of Influential Factors of line adjustment
The adjustment of routine bus system route needs to consider routine bus system unique characteristics factor and its contacts with rail traffic, line The influence factor of road adjustment is broadly divided into following a few classes:
(1) route geometrical characteristic factor
Closely related between the geometrical characteristic and line function of routine bus system route, there are the routes of function difference preferably to use difference The regulating measures of alienation.Correlative factor includes line length (kilometer), average website spacing (rice), website number (a), non-rectilinear Coefficient etc..
(2) route capacity characteristic factor
Route capacity feature is usually adapted with line function, to influence adjustable strategies formulation.Correlative factor includes height Peak departure interval (minute), route fitted out vehicles (), shift (secondary) etc. of daily dispatching a car.
(3) route passenger flow characteristic factor
Route passenger flow feature correlative factor can be divided into two classes, and one kind is all fronts passenger flow feature, reflect the passenger flow demand of route With operation benefits, including the average daily volume of the flow of passengers (people times/day), average daily passenger flow intensity (* kilometers of people times/day) etc.;Second class is transfer Passenger flow feature, characterization route are strong and weak to the attraction of transfer passenger flow, reflect the cooperation between routine bus system route and urban railway station Relationship, correlative factor include average daily route transfer amount (people times/day), transfer amount the line is busy road volume of the flow of passengers ratio etc..
(4) route characteristic factor conllinear with urban rail corridor
The conllinear feature of route and urban rail corridor is one of the direct acting factor of line adjustment, conllinear apparent line Road and track circuit form passenger flow competition, and emphasis is needed to consider regulating measures.Choose collinear lengths (rice), conllinear ground bus station The description factor as conllinear feature such as number (a), conllinear ratio, wherein conllinear section selection ground public bus network and rail network The continuous conllinear section of maximum.
3, the principal component analysis of influence factor
There are certain correlativity between the influence factor as described in step 2, using Principal Component Analysis to its into Row dimension-reduction treatment.Principal Component Analysis is converted to line by the line adjustment influence factor that orthogonal transformation will likely have correlation The incoherent line characteristics principal component of property.The generalized variable that each principal component factor is made of several influence factors, such as first Principal component may be expressed as:
PC1=a1X1+a2X2+…+akXk (1)
In formula, XiFor i-th of line adjustment influence factor, aiFor the explanation weight of i-th of influence factor.
First principal component is the weighted array of k influence factor, to the explanatory maximum of the variance of variables set, Second principal component, It is also the linear combination of initial effects factor, the explanatory of variance ranked second, while non-intersecting with first principal component.Later Each principal component maximizes the explanation degree to variance.
It is rotated after obtaining principal component load matrix by orthogonal to enhance the interpretation of each principal component, and according to principal component Score matrix determine the expression formulas of main variables.
4, clustering
Original factor is standardized, and calculates the principal component attribute of each route by principal component expression formula Value.The input data as clustering is standardized to principal component attribute value again.
During Hierarchical clustering analysis, each routine bus system route belongs to one kind, each step cluster under original state Two class routes are all polymerized to new one kind by process, and until all classes are polymerized to single class, algorithm is as follows:
Step1: defining each route is one kind;
Step2: the principal component attribute value of the every one kind of calculating and other kinds Euclidean distance;
Step3: two nearest class routes of distance are merged into one kind;
Step4: Step2 and Step3 is repeated, until being incorporated into single class comprising all routes.
Cluster number is needed in combination with line adjustment, is suitably highly being cut, and to obtained classification progress side Difference analyses (ANOVA), judges whether the difference between a few class routes is generally significant.
And comparison for statistical analysis to the original factor feature of the route in each subset, the sky of summary and induction route subset Between positional relationship, capacity, length characteristic the characteristics of, in conjunction with the functional hierarchy of each route, selection, which is not adjusted or taken and removes, to stop, prolongs The measures such as length, truncation, local directed complete set, transport power adjustment and website adjustment.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention specifies that ground is total to the characteristic of division on intersection road, energy on the basis of qualitative analysis, using quantitative analysis It is enough that routine bus system is more synthetically analyzed in terms of route geometry, capacity, passenger flow demand, spatial relationship, competing conjunction relationship etc. are several With the correlated state of rail traffic, reference is provided further to formulate detailed line adjustment scheme, is conducive to public transport money Source integration and reasonable distribution, alleviate two kinds of public transport modes and vie each other, enhancing linking and cooperation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is present invention public bus network screening process figure to be adjusted;
Fig. 2 is line adjustment influence factor principal component quantity judgement figure;
Fig. 3 is route subset hierarchical clustering figure.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that following specific embodiments are only For illustrating the present invention rather than limiting the scope of the invention.1, urban rail corridor bandwidth determines
Can be plugged by walking distance and land increment effect of urban rail corridor bandwidth carries out comprehensive descision.According to existing Investigation, the walking coverage of Beijing urban railway station is about within 900m, when urban railway station 80 quartile walking in Nanjing is plugged into Between be 12 minutes or so, maximum radius of plugging into is about 680-850m.Futian Area of Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province subway line build up after to suburb website Residential quarter price has an impact within the scope of 700m, and No. 13 lines of Beijing Rail Transit generate the house within the scope of 1km along the line obvious Increment effect.Determine that urban rail corridor bandwidth is 800m after comprehensively considering.
2, line adjustment influence factor principal component analysis
By taking in October, the 2016 part operating line of certain city as an example, 180, route are randomly selected.It is examined using Pearson Analyze the correlation between each factor, between variable there are strong correlation include average daily shift and the average daily volume of the flow of passengers (0.704), Fitted out vehicles and the average daily volume of the flow of passengers (0.915), related coefficient is greater than 0.9 two-by-two between conllinear ratio, conllinear website number, collinear lengths. Wherein transfer passenger flow ratio and correlation between other factors are weaker (being lower than 0.27).It is necessary to in addition to transfer passenger flow ratio 11 factors carry out dimension-reduction treatment.
Relevance matrix between 1 line adjustment influence factor of table
The quantity (Fig. 2) for generating principal component is differentiated according to three kinds of Kaiser-Harris criterion, parallel analysis criterion.
Kaiser-Harris criterion suggests the principal component that keeping characteristics value is greater than 1, suggests retaining true number in parallel analysis According to characteristic value be greater than simulation obtain mean eigenvalue (red dotted line) when principal component.Two kinds of criterion suggest generating 4 Principal component.Obtained initial load matrix is subjected to orthogonal rotation and obtains the rotation load matrix of table 2,4 principal components are explained altogether The variance of 11 factors 82%.
2 principal component load matrix of table (after rotation)
According to postrotational load matrix, the variance of the whole variables of 1 pair of principal component explains that degree is 28%, mainly by daily objective Flow, average daily shift, peak departure interval, fitted out vehicles are explained, capacity variable can be named as.Principal component 2 explains whole changes The variance of amount 26%, is mainly explained by conllinear ratio, collinear lengths, conllinear website number, can be named as collinear relationship variable. Principal component 3 explains the variance of whole variables 16%, is explained by line length, website number, is named as line length change Amount.Principal component 4 explains the variance of whole variables 12%, is explained by average website spacing, is named as the change of website spacing Amount.The expression formula such as table 3 of each principal component is obtained according to the score coefficient matrix of principal component.
3 principal component analysis result of table
3, clustering
Principal component calculated value is standardized, system number Fig. 3 is obtained using hierarchical clustering, distance matrix calculating is adopted Use Euclidean distance.Combined circuit adjustment needs, and selects the diced system tree graph at height is 19, obtains the line of 5 types Road.Judge whether this difference of 12 variables between 5 class routes is generally significant respectively using variance analysis (ANOVA).It removes Outside station spacing factor, there are significant differences between 5 class routes for dependent variable.Each subset statistical nature is shown in Table 4.
Table 4 clusters subset line characteristics statistical form
I class route is based on cross link, and situation conllinear with rail line is least obvious, and line length is longer, Between 15-35km;For group iii route based on parallel circuit, situation conllinear with rail line is obvious, conveyance equilibrium and Passenger flow demand is big, and line length is most short, in 15km or less;V class route is equally based on parallel circuit, with rail traffic The conllinear situation of route is the most obvious, and conveyance equilibrium and passenger flow demand are small.Section II, IV class route are based on route of plugging into, with rail Road traffic has good cooperative relationship.In conjunction with overall control strategy, route to be adjusted accounts for total line quantitative proportion and preferably controls 5% or so, determine that routine bus system route to be adjusted is chosen from I, III, V class route.In conjunction with the functional layer of each route It is secondary, it formulates the selectable adjustable strategies of route and is shown in Table 5.
The 5 selectable regulating measures of all types of routes of table
The technical means disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited only to technological means disclosed in above embodiment, further includes Technical solution consisting of any combination of the above technical features.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of rail traffic networking initial stage routine bus system route screening technique to be adjusted, which is characterized in that this method includes such as Lower step:
Step 1: the analysis of urban track traffic width of corridor
According to maximum walking plug into distance and urban railway station periphery land increment effect analysis urban rail corridor band width, with Competitive space of the urban rail corridor as rail line and routine bus system;
Step 2: routine bus system line characteristics principal component analysis
The influence factor of analyzing influence routine bus system adjustment, including line length, website number, average station spacing, non-linear coefficient, Collinearly stand number, route and the rail traffic of shift number, peak departure interval, route and rail traffic of dispatching a car of route fitted out vehicles, day is total Line length, route and rail traffic collinear lengths the line is busy road overall length ratio, the average daily volume of the flow of passengers of route, route and orbit traffic transfer The volume of the flow of passengers, route are associated with orbital station with orbit traffic transfer relevance intensity, route and count these factors;Each factor is led Constituent analysis generates the principal component of routine bus system characteristic factor;
Step 3: the analysis of routine bus system route clustering and differentiation adjustment set determine
The standardized value for calculating line adjustment influence factor principal component, it is using Hierarchical clustering analysis that public bus network is special according to route The different demarcation of sign is several subsets, and for statistical analysis to the characteristic factor of the route in subset, summarizes subset route Feature;The functional hierarchy of cluster result combined circuit is divided and carries out cross division, selects the corresponding adjustable strategies of all kinds of routes.
CN201910433889.5A 2019-05-23 2019-05-23 Method for screening ground bus lines to be adjusted in early stage of rail transit networking Active CN110188938B (en)

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Cited By (3)

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CN111161560A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-05-15 青岛海信网络科技股份有限公司 Bus corridor operation order management method and device
CN111160722A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-05-15 华侨大学 Bus route adjusting method based on passenger flow competition relationship
CN112200393A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-01-08 深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心股份有限公司 Public transport line generation method, device, equipment and storage medium

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111160722A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-05-15 华侨大学 Bus route adjusting method based on passenger flow competition relationship
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CN112200393A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-01-08 深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心股份有限公司 Public transport line generation method, device, equipment and storage medium

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