CN110187326A - All -fiber beam splitting system based on sampling optical-fiber grating - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
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- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/324—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Raman scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4818—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements using optical fibres
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Abstract
A kind of all -fiber beam splitting system based on sampling optical-fiber grating, including lens, first fiber bragg grating, second fiber bragg grating, third fiber bragg grating, 4th fiber bragg grating, first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, first coupler, second coupler and third coupler, by the first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, first fiber bragg grating, second fiber bragg grating, third fiber bragg grating and the 4th fiber bragg grating multi-stage cascade.The present invention is when obtaining rotational raman scattering height quantum number, it needs to improve signal-to-noise ratio by two secondary reflections, visible light wave range fiber grating performance parameter is required to substantially reduce, be conducive to processing of the follow-up system to characteristic signal, it can be very good wiping out background noise, effectively solve the problems, such as that beam splitting system is complicated, volume is larger and spectrum stability is poor.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to atmospheric remote sensing detection technology field, in particular to a kind of miniaturization space remote sensing detection is with being based on taking
The all -fiber beam splitting system of sample fiber grating.
Background technique:
The beam splitting system of Raman lidar is mostly double diffraction grating at present, double interferometric filters, diffraction grating etc., these
Traditional beam splitting system often has the shortcomings that structure is not compact, optical path adjustment is complicated, system is huge, influences application range,
Such as limit its space base or it is spaceborne on application.
Summary of the invention:
In view of this, it is necessary to provide a kind of all -fiber beam splitting system based on sampling optical-fiber grating.
A kind of all -fiber beam splitting system based on sampling optical-fiber grating, including lens, the first fiber bragg grating, second
Fiber bragg grating, third fiber bragg grating, the 4th fiber bragg grating, the first superstructure optical fiber Bragg light
Grid, the second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, the first coupler, the second coupler, third coupler, first port, second end
Mouth, third port and the 4th port, lens are connect with the first fiber bragg grating, the first fiber bragg grating and the second light
Fine Bragg grating and the connection of the first coupler, the first coupler connect with the first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, the first surpass
Structured optical fiber Bragg grating is connect with the second coupler and third coupler, third fiber bragg grating and the second coupler
Connection, the 4th fiber bragg grating are connected with third coupler, the second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber and the second coupler
It is connected with third coupler, the second fiber bragg grating is connect with first port, third fiber bragg grating and third end
Mouth connection, the 4th fiber bragg grating are connect with second port, and the second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber and the 4th port connect
It connects.
Preferably, the first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber is by the one I section of fiber grating and the one II section of fiber grating grade
Connection；Second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber is by the 2nd I section of fiber grating, the 2nd II section of fiber grating, the 2nd III section of optical fiber light
Grid and the 2nd IV section of fiber grating cascade；The input terminal of one I section of fiber grating is connect with the first coupler, output end and second
Coupler connection, the input terminal of the one II section of fiber grating are connect with the first coupler, and output end is connect with third coupler, the
The input terminal of 2 I sections of fiber gratings and the 2nd II section of fiber grating is connect with the second coupler respectively, and output end is respectively with the 4th
The input terminal of port connection, the 2nd III section of fiber grating and the 2nd IV section of fiber grating is connect with third coupler respectively, is exported
End is connect with the 4th port respectively.
All -fiber beam splitting system provided by the invention based on sampling optical-fiber grating is obtaining the high low amounts of rotational raman scattering
It when subnumber, needs to improve signal-to-noise ratio by two secondary reflections, visible light wave range fiber grating performance parameter is required to substantially reduce,
Be conducive to processing of the follow-up system to characteristic signal, can be very good wiping out background noise.The present invention can effectively solve light splitting system
System is complicated, volume is larger and the problem of spectrum stability difference, provides technical support for spaceborne detection.
Detailed description of the invention:
The technical solution that example is applied in order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, below will be to attached drawing needed in the embodiment
It is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as to model
The restriction enclosed for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to these
Attached drawing obtains other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of all -fiber beam splitting system based on sampling optical-fiber grating.
Fig. 2 is the reflection spectral line simulation result schematic diagram of the first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber of visible light wave range SFBG1.
Fig. 3 is the reflection spectral line simulation result schematic diagram of the second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber of visible light wave range SFBG2.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for emulating the relationship of different echo-signals and height in obtained binary channels.
Fig. 5 is experiment signal-to-noise ratio simulation result schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is experimental temperature error simulation result schematic diagram.
In figure: lens Lens, the first optical fiber bragg grating FBG 1, the second optical fiber bragg grating FBG 2, third optical fiber
Bragg grating FBG 3, the 4th optical fiber bragg grating FBG 4, the first coupler C1, the second coupler C2, third coupler C3,
First port P1, second port P2, third port P3, the 4th port P4, the one I section of fiber grating SFBG11, the one II section of light
Fine raster chart SFBG12, the 2nd I section of fiber grating SFBG21, the 2nd II section of fiber grating SFBG22, the 2nd III section of fiber grating
SFBG23, the 2nd IV section of fiber grating SFBG24。
Specific embodiment:
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention being usually described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings is implemented
The component of example can be arranged and be designed with a variety of different configurations.
Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit below claimed
The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
It should also be noted that similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined in a attached drawing, does not then need that it is further defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing.
The present invention provides embodiments in detail below.
Referring to Fig. 1, all -fiber beam splitting system based on sampling optical-fiber grating includes lens Lens, the first optical fiber Bragg
Grating FBG 1, the second optical fiber bragg grating FBG 2, third optical fiber bragg grating FBG 3, the 4th fiber bragg grating
FBG4, the first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, the second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, the first coupler C1, the second coupling
Device C2, third coupler C3, first port P1, second port P2, third port P3 and the 4th port P4, lens Lens and first
The connection of optical fiber bragg grating FBG 1, the first optical fiber bragg grating FBG 1 and the second optical fiber bragg grating FBG 2 and the first coupling
Clutch C1 connection, the first coupler C1 are connect with the first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, the first superstructure optical fiber Bragg light
Grid are connect with the second coupler C2 and third coupler C3, and third optical fiber bragg grating FBG 3 is connected with the second coupler C2,
4th optical fiber bragg grating FBG 4 is connected with third coupler C3, the second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber and the second coupler
C2 is connected with third coupler C3, and the second optical fiber bragg grating FBG 2 is connect with first port P1, third optical fiber Bragg light
Grid FBG3 is connect with third port P3, and the 4th optical fiber bragg grating FBG 4 is connect with second port P2, the second superstructure optical fiber
Bragg grating is connect with the 4th port P4.
First Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber is by the one I section of fiber grating SFBG11It is cascaded with the one II section of fiber grating
SFBG12；Second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber is by the 2nd I section of fiber grating SFBG21, the 2nd II section of fiber grating SFBG22、
2nd III section of fiber grating SFBG23With the 2nd IV section of fiber grating SFBG24Cascade；One I section of fiber grating SFBG11Input
End is connect with the first coupler C1, and output end is connect with the second coupler C2, the one II section of fiber grating SFBG12Input terminal
It is connect with the first coupler C1, output end is connect with third coupler C3, the 2nd I section of fiber grating SFBG21With the 2nd II section of light
Fine grating SFBG22Input terminal connect respectively with the second coupler C2, output end is connect with the 4th port P4 respectively, the 2nd III
Section fiber grating SFBG23With the 2nd IV section of fiber grating SFBG24Input terminal connect respectively with third coupler C3, output end
It is connect respectively with the 4th port P4.
In the present invention, table 1 is Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber SFBG and optical fiber bragg grating FBG in light splitting optical path
Main design parameters.The characteristics of multi channel signals can be extracted in conjunction with Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber SFBG, using superstructure
Fiber bragg grating SFBG extracts and isolates respectively the low amounts subnumber rotation Raman scattering spectral line Raman-L of specific wavelength
Spectral line Raman-H is scattered with high quantum number rotation Raman, is matched with the rotary Raman spectral line of nitrogen.
All -fiber beam splitting system major parameter of the table 1 based on SFBG and FBG
In the design of beam splitting system, the sequence of the extracting and developing signal is determined according to the degree of strength of signal, to keep away
Exempt from the interference and small-signal loss of strong signal.It is illustrated in such as figure by the first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, the second superjunction
Structure fiber bragg grating, the first optical fiber bragg grating FBG 1, the second optical fiber bragg grating FBG 2, third optical fiber Bragg
The high inhibiting rate all -fiber Raman spectrum light splitting optical path that grating FBG 3 and 4 multi-stage cascade of the 4th optical fiber bragg grating FBG are constituted
Schematic diagram, transmission medium and optical fibre device in optical path are made of 460HP type visible light single mode optical fiber.Firstly, echo-signal passes through
Optical fiber is coupled by the lens Lens of aspherical focusing, secondly as high quantum number signal is weaker than low amounts subnumber signal strength
And coupling optical structure can bring added losses into, therefore echo-signal pass sequentially through first the first optical fiber bragg grating FBG 1,
First coupler C1, the one I section of fiber grating SFBG11, the one II section of fiber grating SFBG12With the second fiber bragg grating
FBG2 obtains the Raman high quantum number signal of first port P1.Finally, two-way echo-signal passes through the 2nd I section of optical fiber light respectively
Grid, the 2nd II section of fiber grating, the 2nd III section of fiber grating, the 2nd IV section of fiber grating, the first coupler C1, the second coupler
C2, third optical fiber bragg grating FBG 3 and the 4th optical fiber bragg grating FBG 4 obtain second port P2's and third port P3
Two-way Raman low amounts subnumber signal.2nd I section of fiber grating, the 2nd II section of fiber grating, the 2nd III section of fiber grating and second
The signal of the transmission end port P4 output of IV section of fiber grating is Mie-Rayleigh scattered signal.
The present invention is optimized according to parameter of the system requirements to the first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber SFBG1: λ
B=528.51nm, single mode optical fiber effective refractive index neff are 1.465, refractive index modulation depthIt is 0.00005, grating is long
Degree L is 20mm, and sampling period d is 0.4mm, and duty ratio r is 0.8.The reflectance spectrum of finally obtained SFBG1 is as shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 2 (a) is three reflection peaks of SFGB1, it is shown that the central wavelength of 3 reflection peaks in the reflectance spectrum of SFBG1
Respectively 528.07nm, 528.51nm and 528.96nm when rotational quantum number J is 10,12 and 14, rotate Raman scattering section
Product substantially meets design requirement.The reflectivity of intermediate reflection peak is 97%, since it is main reflection peak, although reflectivity is obvious high
In other reflection peaks, but its spectrum width is that 0.032nm is slightly larger than design requirement；And the reflectivity of two reflection peaks in left and right is respectively less than
90%, reflection peak spectrum width is respectively less than 0.03nm, plays the purpose for improving signal-to-noise ratio.Fig. 2 (b) is the inhibition at SFBG1532nm
Rate, at 532nm, the inhibiting rate of SFBG1 is about 5 × 10-4.By the inhibiting rate requirement that can reach 10-7 after secondary reflection.Cause
This, the performance parameter of SFBG1 can reach the requirement of fine beam splitting system.
SFBG2 parameter setting is as follows: raster center wavelength X B is 530.76nm, single mode optical fiber effective refractive index neff is
1.465 refractive index modulation depthIt is 0.00005, grating length L is 20mm, and sampling period d is 0.4mm, and duty ratio r is
0.8.The reflectance spectrum of finally obtained SFBG2 is as shown in Figure 3.3 reflection peak central wavelengths that Fig. 3 (a) is shown are
At 530.31nm, 530.76nm, 531.21nm, when rotational quantum number J is 20,22 and 24, rotation Raman scattering resonance state is basic
Meet design requirement.The reflectivity of intermediate reflection peak is 99%, and spectrum width is that 0.032nm is slightly larger than design requirement；First peak is anti-
Penetrating rate is 97%, and third peak reflectivity is 73%, and the bandwidth at two peaks is in 0.03nm or less.In Fig. 3 (b), at 532nm
The inhibiting rate of SFBG2 is 2 × 10-4.It can achieve the 10-7 inhibiting rate of beam splitting system needs after secondary reflection.In general,
The performance parameter of SFBG2 can achieve the requirement of fine beam splitting system.
According to actual measurement aerosol Mie scattered signal combination United States standard atmosphere model and laser radar echo equation, to temperature
It spends profile and carries out numerical simulation.Rotary Raman thermometric parameters of laser radar system based on SFBG is as shown in table 2.
Rotational Raman lidar system parameter of the table 2 based on SFBG
It can according to rotary Raman thermometric laser radar detection principle in chapter 5 according to parameter in table and the performance of SFBG
It is as shown in Figure 3 to obtain the rotation Raman scatter echo signal that all -fiber beam splitting system based on SFBG is extracted, it is assumed that perfect condition
Lower consideration SFBG light-filtering characteristic, does not consider the absorption and scattering to echo-signal such as practical medium cloud, steam and turbulent flow.To daytime
Atmospheric temperature carry out detection emulation, entire refutation process continues 9 minutes, and 300 meters of distance resolution, photon average pulse number is
10000, wavelength X0The radiancy of neighbouring sun bias light is 3 × 108Wm-2sr-1nm-1。
Sun background luminous intensity, Mie- in Fig. 4 to two-way Raman scattered signal and after the optical filtering of SFBG beam splitting system
Raman scattered signal intensity is detected.In figure, in the altitude range lower than 3km, after the optical filtering of SFBG beam splitting system too
Positive small nearly four orders of magnitude of background light strength ratio Raman scattered signal intensity, and for Mie-Rayleigh scattered signal,
Small five orders of magnitude of the two intensity ratio Raman scattered signal intensity.This absolutely proves the SFBG of design to background noise
It filters out largely effective, reaches and Raman scattered signal is efficiently separated.
It is compared only with FBG and using the beam splitting system detection result of FBG and SFBG, to Raman thermometric laser radar system
Received Signal extraction is carried out using all -fiber beam splitting system based on FBG and all -fiber beam splitting system based on SFBG in system
As a result comparison, the signal-to-noise ratio and statistics temperature error of detection are as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.Fig. 5 is by echo-signal each in Fig. 4
The signal-to-noise ratio on the daytime being calculated with the relationship of height and the detection of night system.In Fig. 5, relative to the light splitting only with FBG
System, using the coefficient beam splitting system of SFBG and FBG when signal-to-noise ratio is higher than 100, daytime observation height up to 1.6km,
Night detection height can achieve 2.6km.
Fig. 6 is illustrated under two kinds of background conditions of daytime and night, counts temperature error with the variation tendency of height, by scheming
As can be seen that detection temperature error is significantly less than the light splitting only with FBG using the beam splitting system of SFBG and FBG multi-stage cascade
System.Within the scope of 1.8km, the statistics temperature error that SFBG beam splitting system can get day and night is less than 1K.By to letter
Make an uproar and when count the analysis of temperature error, illustrate the Raman thermometric laser radar system can preferable wiping out background optical noise,
And improve signal-to-noise ratio.Therefore, which has the ability that round-the-clock carries out detected with high accuracy to atmospheric boundary layer bottom.
In this way, all -fiber beam splitting system provided by the invention based on sampling optical-fiber grating is obtaining rotational raman scattering height
When low amounts subnumber, needs to improve signal-to-noise ratio by two secondary reflections, visible light wave range fiber grating performance parameter is required significantly
It reduces, is conducive to processing of the follow-up system to characteristic signal, can be very good wiping out background noise.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of all -fiber beam splitting system based on sampling optical-fiber grating, it is characterised in that: the full light based on sampling optical-fiber grating
Fine beam splitting system include lens, the first fiber bragg grating, the second fiber bragg grating, third fiber bragg grating,
4th fiber bragg grating, the first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, the second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, the first coupling
Device, the second coupler, third coupler, first port, second port, third port and the 4th port, lens and the first optical fiber
Bragg grating connection, the first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating and the connection of the first coupler, the first coupling
Clutch is connect with the first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber, the first Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber and the second coupler and third
Coupler connection, third fiber bragg grating and the connection of the second coupler, the 4th fiber bragg grating and third coupler
Connection, the second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber are connect with the second coupler and third coupler, the second fiber bragg grating
It is connect with first port, third fiber bragg grating is connect with third port, the 4th fiber bragg grating and second port
Connection, the second Bragg grating of super-structure optical fiber are connect with the 4th port.
2. all -fiber beam splitting system based on sampling optical-fiber grating as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the first superstructure
Fiber bragg grating is by the one I section of fiber grating and the one II section of fiber grating cascade；Second superstructure optical fiber Bragg light
Grid are by the 2nd I section of fiber grating, the 2nd II section of fiber grating, the 2nd III section of fiber grating and the 2nd IV section of fiber grating cascade；
The input terminal of one I section of fiber grating is connect with the first coupler, and output end is connect with the second coupler, the one II section of optical fiber light
The input terminal of grid is connect with the first coupler, and output end is connect with third coupler, the 2nd I section of fiber grating and the 2nd II section of light
The input terminal of fine grating is connect with the second coupler respectively, and output end is connect with the 4th port respectively, the 2nd III section of fiber grating
It is connect respectively with third coupler with the input terminal of the 2nd IV section of fiber grating, output end is connect with the 4th port respectively.
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| CN113495322A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical splitter, optical distribution network and system for determining topology of optical access network |
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| CN2837791Y (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2006-11-15 | 电子科技大学 | Long-distance distribution type Bragg optical fiber grating sensing system |
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| 巩鑫;华灯鑫;李仕春;王骏;石晓菁;: "基于取样光纤布拉格光栅的全光纤拉曼测温分光系统设计及优化", 物理学报, vol. 65, no. 07, pages 126 - 133 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113495322A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-12 | 华为技术有限公司 | Optical splitter, optical distribution network and system for determining topology of optical access network |
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