CN110185509B - Thermal power plant coupling LNG cold energy power generation system and method - Google Patents
Thermal power plant coupling LNG cold energy power generation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110185509B CN110185509B CN201910501726.6A CN201910501726A CN110185509B CN 110185509 B CN110185509 B CN 110185509B CN 201910501726 A CN201910501726 A CN 201910501726A CN 110185509 B CN110185509 B CN 110185509B
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 88
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal power plant coupling LNG cold energy power generation system and a method, wherein the system comprises a thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system, an LNG heater and an LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system, wherein the LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system comprises a cycle working medium heater, a turbine and a cycle working medium condenser which are sequentially connected end to circulate the cycle working medium; the circulating working medium condenser is connected with the LNG heater and is used for gasifying and heating LNG liquefied natural gas flowing to the LNG heater; the thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system is respectively connected with the cycle working medium heater and the LNG heater so as to heat the cycle working medium in the cycle working medium heater and the natural gas in the LNG heater by utilizing the cold source loss of the thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system. According to the method, the energy lost by the cold source of the Rankine cycle power generation system of the thermal power plant is fully utilized, so that the full cyclic utilization of energy can be realized, and the power generation efficiency in the two cycle power generation systems is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cold energy power generation, in particular to a thermal power plant coupled LNG cold energy power generation system and a thermal power plant coupled LNG cold energy power generation method.
Background
In future time, china will import a lot of natural gas, most of which will be transported to China in the form of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). A large amount of imported LNG carries a large amount of cold energy at the same time, and if such cold energy cannot be effectively utilized, huge energy waste and environmental pollution will be caused. Therefore, how to effectively use the cold energy becomes extremely important and necessary. The LNG cold energy is utilized to generate power, so that on one hand, the high-grade cold energy of the LNG can be effectively utilized; on the other hand, the method not only has no consumption on natural gas, but also can reduce environmental pollution in the LNG gasification process while obtaining great economic benefits.
The LNG cold energy has the following purposes: the method comprises the steps of power generation, liquefied air separation, warehouse refrigeration, dry ice production, low-temperature crushing and the like, and the selection of a cold energy utilization scheme is required to be comprehensively analyzed according to various factors such as the process, market conditions, energy utilization efficiency and the like of an LNG receiving station. The electric energy is the most convenient energy form applied in the market and the most widely used, so the LNG cold energy is used for a power generation system, the industrial chain is short, the interference of external factors is basically avoided, and other cold energy utilization modes are greatly influenced by factors such as environment, market, transportation and the like.
At present, LNG cold energy power generation only utilizes LNG cold energy to cool a condenser with additional working medium circulation, or directly utilizes high-pressure energy of LNG or natural gas to generate power through an expander, and LNG gasification heating or evaporation heating of the additional circulating working medium adopts air or seawater heating, the heating temperature depends on the environment or seawater temperature, and the existing system cannot realize heating at higher temperature. Therefore, the whole LNG cold energy power generation efficiency is low, the equipment investment is huge, and the project recovery period is long.
However, in the existing power plant, more than 50% of cold source loss is lost in the cooling tower or the seawater, so that energy loss is caused, and therefore, how to avoid energy loss is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the invention aims to provide a thermal power plant coupled LNG cold energy power generation system and a power generation method, wherein the power generation system can fully utilize cold and heat energy sources, avoid energy loss, improve power generation efficiency and avoid negative influence on temperature rise of seawater.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the system comprises a thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system, wherein the thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a thermal power plant boiler, a turbine and a condenser, wherein the thermal power plant boiler, the turbine and the condenser are sequentially connected end to circulate steam and water, the condenser is used for discharging heat from the cold source to cool the turbine and discharge steam to condense the steam, the turbine is used for driving a generator to generate power, the system also comprises an LNG heater and an LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system, and the LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system comprises a circulating working medium heater, a turbine and a circulating working medium condenser, wherein the circulating working medium heater, the turbine and the circulating working medium condenser are sequentially connected end to circulate the circulating working medium; the circulating working medium condenser is connected with the LNG heater and is used for gasifying and heating LNG liquefied natural gas flowing to the LNG heater;
the thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system is respectively connected with the cycle working medium heater and the LNG heater so as to heat the cycle working medium in the cycle working medium heater and the natural gas in the LNG heater by utilizing the cold source loss of the thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system.
Preferably, the LNG heater is provided with a first heat source working medium channel for performing heat exchange with the received natural gas, and the first heat source working medium channel is connected with a seawater or circulating water outlet of the condenser;
and/or the LNG heater is provided with a second heat source working medium channel for carrying out heat exchange with the received natural gas, and the second heat source working medium channel is connected with the steam discharge channel of the steam turbine.
Preferably, the LNG heater is provided with a first heat source working medium channel for heating natural gas with seawater or circulating water, a seawater or circulating water outlet of the first heat source working medium channel is connected with an inlet of a cooling channel of the condenser, and the cooling channel is used for cooling exhaust steam of a turbine received by the condenser by using seawater or circulating water cooled by natural gas in the LNG heater.
Preferably, the circulating working medium heater is provided with a first heat source circulating working medium channel and a second heat source circulating working medium channel for carrying out heat exchange with the circulating working medium;
the first heat source circulating working medium channel is connected with a seawater or circulating water outlet of the condenser, and the second heat source circulating working medium channel is connected with a steam discharge channel of the steam turbine.
Preferably, the second heat source circulating working medium channel is connected with a hot well inlet of the condenser so as to recover condensed water of steam turbine exhaust steam.
Preferably, the LNG liquefied natural gas inlet of the cycle working medium condenser is connected to an LNG storage tank, so that the LNG liquefied natural gas absorbs heat in the cycle working medium condenser to be gasified.
Preferably, a booster pump for pumping the circulating working medium to the circulating working medium heater is arranged at the circulating working medium outlet of the circulating working medium condenser.
Preferably, the LNG heater is connected to an expander, and the expander is connected to a generator.
The thermal power plant coupling LNG cold energy power generation method is applied to the thermal power plant coupling LNG cold energy power generation system; the thermal power plant coupling LNG cold energy power generation method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring the temperature T of LNG (liquefied Natural gas) entering the circulating working medium condenser 1 The temperature T of the gasified natural gas flowing out of the circulating working medium condenser Variable The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Acquiring total flow F of LNG (liquefied Natural gas) in system LNG ；
S2, acquiring the total utilization quantity Q of the circulating cold energy according to the current circulating type Rankine or Brayton If the current cycle type is a Rankine cycle, Q Rankine or Brayton Is the total quantity Q of cold energy utilization of Rankine cycle Rankine If the current cycle type is a low temperature brayton cycle, Q Rankine or Brayton Is lower than Wen Bulei ton circulation cold energy utilization total quantity Q Brayton ；
Q Rankine ＝F LNG ×(T Variable -T 1 )×C pLNG +F LNG ×Q Latent heat of vaporization of LNG ；
Q Brayton ＝F LNG ×(T Variable -T 1 )×C pLNG +F LNG ×Q Latent heat of vaporization of LNG ；
Wherein F is LNG Total flow (kg/h) of LNG liquefied natural gas in the system;
T variable -T 1 The temperature variation of LNG in the circulating working medium condenser is obtained;
C pLNG specific heat capacity (kJ/kg ℃) of LNG liquefied natural gas;
Q latent heat of vaporization of LNG Is the latent heat of vaporization (kJ/kg) of LNG liquefied natural gas;
s3, acquiring the temperature T of the natural gas entering the natural gas pipe network after final gasification and temperature rise Feed device ；
S4, according to the formula Q Heater ＝F LNG ×(T Feed device -T Variable )×C p-gas ＝F Heat source ×q Heat source Obtaining the heat source flow F of the LNG heater Heat source (kg/h) Natural gas Heat absorption quantity Q in LNG Heater Heater ；
Wherein F is LNG Total flow (kg/h) of LNG liquefied natural gas in the system;
C p-gas Specific heat capacity of the gaseous natural gas;
q heat source Heat release (kJ/kg) per unit mass of heat source;
s5, acquiring the total quantity Q of the circulating cold energy utilization under the current state Rankine or Brayton Natural gas heat absorption quantity Q in LNG heater Heater ；
According to Q Total (S) ＝Q Rankine or Brayton +Q Heater The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining cold energy utilization and lost energy Q Total (S) 。
Preferably, after S5, the method further includes:
s6, obtaining the average heat absorption temperature T of the circulating working medium heater 4’ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining the average exothermic temperature T of the circulating working medium condenser 3’ ；
S7, acquiring a cycle type, and if the cycle type is a Rankine cycle, acquiring the total cold energy utilization quantity Q of the Rankine cycle Rankine And proceeds to step S81; if the cycle type is low-temperature Brayton cycle, the total utilization quantity Q of low Wen Bulei Brayton cycle cold energy is obtained Brayton And proceeds to step S82;
s81, acquiring Rankine cycle power generation amount P Rankine ＝Q Rankine ×η R ×η e ＝Q Rankine ×(1-T 3’ /T 4’ )×η e ；
S82, obtaining low Wen Bulei-cycle power generation amount P Brayton ＝Q Brayton ×η B ×η e ＝Q Brayton ×(1-T 3’ /T 4’ )×η e ；
Wherein eta R Is Rankine cycle thermal efficiency, eta B For low Wen Bulei ton cycle thermal efficiency, both are equal to 1-T 3’ /T 4’ ；η e Is generator efficiency.
In this application with the leading-in LNG heater of thermal power plant rankine cycle power generation system waste heat that generates, utilize thermal power plant rankine cycle power generation system's waste heat to heat the LNG heater, can make full use of thermal power plant rankine cycle power generation system's cold source loss, among the prior art, thermal power plant rankine cycle power generation system's cold source loss directly gives off or lets in the sea water generally, causes the waste of cold source energy. The cold source loss is also used for heating the circulating working medium in the circulating working medium heater, and particularly can heat the circulating working medium heater, and because the circulating working medium in the LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system is heated to realize power generation, the cold source loss of the Rankine cycle power generation system of the thermal power plant can be utilized to heat the circulating working medium, so that the cold source loss of the Rankine cycle power generation system of the thermal power plant is saved, the energy loss is avoided, and the power generation efficiency of the LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system is facilitated.
According to the method, the energy lost by the cold source of the Rankine cycle power generation system of the thermal power plant is fully utilized, the LNG is heated by the working medium of the LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system and the LNG liquefied natural gas in the LNG heater, so that the full cyclic utilization of the energy can be realized, and the power generation efficiency in the two cycle power generation systems is improved on the premise of avoiding the influence on the environment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a thermal power plant coupled LNG cold energy power generation method provided by the present invention.
In fig. 1-2:
1 is a boiler of a thermal power plant, 2 is a steam turbine, 3 is a condenser, 4 is an LNG heater, 5 is a circulating working medium heater, 6 is a turbine, 7 is a circulating working medium condenser, and 8 is an LNG storage tank;
9 is circulating seawater, 10 is high-adding, 11 is low-adding, 12 is a generator and 13 is an expander.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The core of the invention is to provide a thermal power plant coupling LNG cold energy power generation system and a power generation method, wherein the power generation system can fully utilize cold and heat energy sources, avoid energy loss, improve power generation efficiency and avoid negative influence of seawater temperature rise.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention. In fig. 1 and 2, the structure in which the high heating is written in the frame is a high-temperature heating furnace, and the structure in which the low heating is written in the frame is a low-temperature heating furnace.
The application provides a thermal power plant coupling LNG cold energy power generation system, which comprises a thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system, wherein the thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a thermal power plant boiler 1, a steam turbine 2 and a condenser 3, wherein the thermal power plant boiler 1 is sequentially connected end to circulate steam and water, the steam turbine 2 is connected with the thermal power plant boiler 1, the condenser 3 is used for discharging heat from a cold source to cool the steam turbine and exhaust steam to condense the steam turbine, and the steam turbine is used for driving a generator to generate power; further comprises: the LNG heating device 4 and the LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system comprise a circulating working medium heater 5, a turbine 6 and a circulating working medium condenser 7 which are sequentially connected end to circulate the circulating working medium; the circulating working medium condenser 7 is connected with the LNG heater 4 and is used for heating LNG liquefied natural gas flowing to the LNG heater 4;
the thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system is respectively connected with the cycle working medium heater 5 and the LNG heater 4 so as to heat the cycle working medium in the cycle working medium heater 5 and the natural gas in the LNG heater 4 by utilizing the cold source loss of the thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system.
It should be noted that, the rankine cycle power generation system of thermal power plant includes thermal power plant boiler 1, steam turbine 2, condenser 3 and generator, and wherein, the air inlet of steam turbine 2 is connected to the gas vent of thermal power plant boiler 1 for carry high temperature gas to steam turbine 2, the exit linkage condenser 3 of steam turbine 2, in the gas entering condenser 3 after so doing work, condenser 3 can cool down to gas, realizes the condensation, and the liquid or the gas egress opening of condenser 3 connect the boiler, so as to provide low temperature steam for the boiler. During this cycle, the utilization of the boiler exhaust energy can be achieved.
The LNG heater 4 is a heating structure connected to the outside of the LNG storage device, and is configured to obtain LNG, and to heat the LNG to form gaseous LNG so as to supply the LNG to the outside.
The LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system is a structure for generating power through LNG cold energy and comprises a circulating working medium heater 5, a turbine 6 and a circulating working medium condenser 7 which are sequentially connected end to end, wherein a circulating working medium is arranged in a circulating loop formed by the circulating working medium heater 5, a working medium outlet of the circulating working medium heater 5 is connected with a working medium inlet of the turbine 6, a working medium outlet of the turbine 6 is connected with a working medium inlet of the circulating working medium condenser 7, and a working medium outlet of the circulating working medium condenser 7 is connected with a working medium inlet of the circulating working medium heater 5.
The exchange channel for heat exchange with the channel of the circulating working medium is arranged in the circulating working medium condenser 7, in the application, the connecting device for communicating the exchange channel of the circulating working medium condenser 7 is additionally arranged at the inlet of the LNG heater, so that LNG liquefied natural gas entering the LNG heater firstly enters the circulating working medium condenser 7 and then enters the LNG heater, the temperature of the LNG liquefied natural gas in a storage state can reach-162 ℃, then enters the circulating working medium condenser 7 at-162 ℃ and exchanges heat with the circulating working medium, the temperature of the circulating working medium is reduced, the temperature of the LNG liquefied natural gas is increased, the warmed LNG liquefied natural gas enters the LNG heater 4, which is equivalent to preheating the LNG liquefied natural gas, more heating energy can be avoided from being consumed in the LNG heater 4, the LNG liquefied natural gas can reach the expected temperature of-35 ℃, the gasification can be realized quickly, and the stability of the natural gas is ensured.
For the heating through supplying power, the waste heat that will thermal power plant rankine cycle power generation system generated is led into in this application, for example in condenser 3 waste heat, utilizes thermal power plant rankine cycle power generation system's waste heat to heat the LNG heater, can make full use of thermal power plant rankine cycle power generation system's cold source loss, among the prior art, thermal power plant rankine cycle power generation system's cold source loss directly gives off or lets in the sea water in general, causes the waste of cold source energy.
In addition, the cold source loss is also used for heating the circulating working medium in the circulating working medium heater 5, and particularly can heat the circulating working medium heater 5, and because the circulating working medium in the LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system is heated to realize power generation, the circulating working medium can be heated by the cold source loss of the Rankine cycle power generation system of the thermal power plant, so that the cold source loss of the Rankine cycle power generation system of the thermal power plant is saved, the energy loss is avoided, and the power generation efficiency of the LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system is facilitated.
According to the method, the energy lost by the cold source of the Rankine cycle power generation system of the thermal power plant is fully utilized, the LNG is heated by the working medium of the LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system and the LNG liquefied natural gas in the LNG heater, so that the full cyclic utilization of the energy can be realized, and the power generation efficiency in the two cycle power generation systems is improved on the premise of avoiding the influence on the environment.
On the basis of the embodiment, the LNG heater 4 is provided with a first heat source working medium channel for carrying out heat exchange with the received natural gas, and the first heat source working medium channel is connected with a sea water or circulating water outlet of the condenser 3;
and/or the LNG heater 4 is provided with a second heat source working medium channel for carrying out heat exchange with the received natural gas, and the second heat source working medium channel is connected with a steam discharge channel of the steam turbine 2.
In order to realize the cold source loss of the thermal power plant rankine cycle power generation system continuously introduced into the LNG heater 4, a first heat source working medium channel is provided in the LNG heater 4, and this channel is connected to the sea water or circulating water outlet of the condenser 3, and also to the steam discharge channel of the steam turbine 2.
In addition, the second heat source working medium channel is also used for carrying out heat exchange with the received natural gas, and is connected with the exhaust channel of the steam turbine 2 and used for conveying the heat of the steam turbine exhaust steam to the LNG heater 4 and utilizing the heat to raise the temperature of the LNG liquefied natural gas.
It can be known that the heat dissipation process is performed in the path from the steam turbine 2 to the condenser 3 in the rankine cycle power generation system of the thermal power plant, so that the heat is high in both the exhaust position of the steam turbine 2, the communication path between the steam turbine 2 and the condenser 3, and the condensation water path of the condenser 3, and the LNG liquefied natural gas in the LNG heater 4 can be heated by using the heat to avoid the heat dissipation by cooling down and transmitting the heat to the LNG heater 4.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first heat source is sea water or circulating water discharged from the condenser, and the second heat source is exhaust steam of the steam turbine.
According to the embodiment, the condenser 3 is connected with the first heat source working medium channel of the LNG heater 4, or the steam turbine 2 is connected with the second heat source working medium channel of the LNG heater 4, so that heat energy lost by the condenser 3 or the cold source of the steam turbine 2 can be used for heating LNG liquefied natural gas in the LNG heater 4, full utilization of energy is achieved, heating by using extra energy is omitted, and heating efficiency of the LNG heater 4 on the liquefied natural gas is improved.
On the basis of the embodiment, the LNG heater 4 is provided with a first heat source working medium channel for heating natural gas with seawater or circulating water, the outlet of the seawater or circulating water channel of the LNG heater 4 is connected with the inlet of a cooling channel of the condenser 3, and the cooling channel is used for cooling the exhaust steam of the steam turbine received by the condenser 3 by using the seawater or circulating water cooled by the natural gas in the LNG heater.
It should be noted that, in the prior art, the circulation medium channels provided with LNG are all performed by using the additionally provided heating medium, so that energy sources are wasted to a certain extent, in this embodiment, the LNG heater 4 is provided with a sea water or circulation water channel, and sea water can be introduced into the channel, or circulation water can be introduced into the channel as a medium, both of which can come from the cooling channel of the condenser 3, that is, the condenser 3 is provided with a cooling channel for cooling the steam delivered by the steam turbine 2, and the cooling channel is provided with sea water or circulation water.
In this embodiment, the outlet of the sea water or circulating water passage for heating the LNG heater 4 is connected to the cooling passage so that the low-temperature sea water or circulating water after heat exchange with the LNG liquefied natural gas enters the condenser 3 for cooling the hot gas introduced into the condenser 3 by the steam turbine 2. The above process uses the cold of the LNG heater 4 as a cooling for the hot gas in the condenser 3.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments, the circulating working medium heater 5 is provided with a first heat source circulating working medium channel and/or a second heat source circulating working medium channel for performing heat exchange with the circulating working medium;
the first heat source circulating working medium channel is connected with a seawater or circulating water outlet of the condenser 3, and the second heat source circulating working medium channel is connected with a steam discharge channel of the steam turbine 2.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments, an outlet of the second heat source working medium circulation channel of the circulating working medium heater 5 is connected to a hot well inlet of the condenser 3, so as to provide low-temperature cooling water for the condenser 3. The steam turbine exhaust is connected with the inlet of the hot well through the second heat source circulating working medium channel, and the condensed working medium can be recovered through the hot well.
The circulating working medium heater 5 is provided with a first heat source circulating working medium channel for introducing seawater or circulating water, and the first heat source circulating working medium channel and the circulating working medium can exchange heat.
The inlet of the first heat source circulating working medium channel is connected with the sea water or circulating water outlet of the condenser 3, the inlet of the second heat source circulating working medium channel is connected with the steam exhaust channel of the steam turbine 2, and after the second heat source working medium channel obtains hot water or hot steam in the condenser 3 or the steam turbine 2, the second heat source working medium channel can be used for heat exchange with the circulating working medium, so that the temperature of the circulating working medium can be increased without adding an external heat source.
The outlet of the second heat source circulation working medium channel can be connected with the steam inlet or the water medium of the condenser 3, the medium in the second heat source working medium channel is cooled due to heat exchange with the circulation working medium, and the cooled medium in the second heat source working medium channel can be supplemented into the condenser.
Optionally, the outlet of the second heat source working medium channel may be connected to the water medium inlet of the condenser 3, or may be connected to the gas inlet of the condenser 3, so as to achieve the purpose of transmitting the low-temperature medium to the condenser 3.
Optionally, the LNG liquefied natural gas inlet of the cycle working medium condenser 7 is connected to the LNG storage tank 8, so that the LNG liquefied natural gas absorbs heat in the cycle working medium condenser to be gasified. Alternatively, the LNG inlet may be connected to a plant for producing LNG.
Optionally, a booster pump for pumping the circulating working medium to the circulating working medium heater 5 is arranged at the circulating working medium outlet of the circulating working medium condenser 7.
On the basis of any one of the above embodiments, the LNG heater 4 is connected to an expander, and the expander is connected to a generator.
The application provides a thermal power plant coupled LNG cold energy power generation system, and also provides a thermal power plant coupled LNG cold energy power generation method which is applied to any thermal power plant coupled LNG cold energy power generation system and is also a use method of the thermal power plant coupled LNG cold energy power generation system.
The thermal power plant coupling LNG cold energy power generation method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1, acquiring the temperature T of LNG (liquefied Natural gas) entering a circulating working medium condenser 1 Temperature T of gasified natural gas flowing out of circulating working medium condenser Variable The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Acquiring total flow F of LNG (liquefied Natural gas) in system LNG The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein T is 1 Can measure at LNG liquefied natural gas inlet of the circulating working medium condenser, T Variable The measurement can be performed at the LNG liquefied natural gas outlet of the cycle fluid condenser.
S2, acquiring the total utilization quantity Q of the circulating cold energy according to the current circulating type Rankine or Brayton If the current cycle type is a Rankine cycle, Q Rankine or Brayton Is the total quantity Q of cold energy utilization of Rankine cycle Rankine If the current cycle type is a low temperature Brayton cycle, Q Rankine or Brayton Is lower than Wen Bulei ton circulation cold energy utilization total quantity Q Brayton The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The two circulation modes are the alternative case.
The rankine cycle and the low Wen Bulei ton cycle have a certain difference.
The Rankine cycle is applied to a Rankine cycle cold energy power generation system, and the cycle working medium of the Rankine cycle cold energy power generation system is any one of propane, ammonia, propylene, tetrafluoroethane and carbon dioxide.
The low Wen Bulei ton cycle is applied to a low Wen Bulei ton cycle cold energy power generation system, the low Wen Bulei ton cycle working medium is any one of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium and hydrogen, and the cycle is always in a gaseous state.
Please refer to the following formula (2) for the calculation method of the total amount of cold energy utilization of the rankine cycle:
Q Rankine ＝ F LNG ×(T variable -T 1 )×C pLNG +F LNG ×Q Latent heat of vaporization of LNG (2)；
The calculation method of the total amount of low Wen Bulei ton cycle cold energy is shown in the following formula (3):
Q Brayton ＝ F LNG ×(T variable -T 1 )×C pLNG + F LNG ×Q Latent heat of vaporization of LNG (3)；
Wherein F is LNG Total flow (kg/h) of LNG liquefied natural gas in the system;
T variable -T 1 The temperature variation of LNG in the circulating working medium condenser is obtained;
C pLNG specific heat capacity (kJ/kg ℃) of LNG liquefied natural gas;
Q latent heat of vaporization of LNG Is the latent heat of vaporization (kJ/kg) of LNG liquefied natural gas;
s3, obtaining the temperature T of the natural gas entering the natural gas pipe network after final gasification and temperature rise Feed device ；T Feed device The measurement can be performed at the gas supply end of the natural gas network.
Step S4, according to formula Q Heater ＝F LNG ×(T Feed device -T Variable )×C p-gas ＝F Heat source ×q Heat source Obtaining the heat source flow F of the LNG heater Heat source (kg/h) Natural gas Heat absorption quantity Q in LNG Heater Heater ；
Wherein F is LNG Total flow (kg/h) of LNG liquefied natural gas in the system;
C p-gas Specific heat capacity of the gaseous natural gas;
q heat source Heat release (kJ/kg) per unit mass of heat source;
c is the same as p-gas 、q Heat source Are all known constants.
S5, obtaining the total quantity Q of circulating cold energy utilization in the current state Rankine or Brayton Natural gas heat absorption quantity Q in LNG heater Heater ；
According to Q Total (S) ＝Q Rankine or Brayton +Q Heater The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And obtaining the cold energy utilization and the energy loss Qtotal of the whole system.
In this step, the above and current are performed by obtaining the above measured value and constant valueThe corresponding calculation of the circulation type can obtain the total utilization quantity Q of the circulation cold energy Rankine or Brayton Natural gas heat absorption quantity Q in LNG heater Heater Thereby obtaining the cold energy utilization and the lost energy Q of the whole system Total (S) 。
The above-mentioned known amounts of each temperature include: t (T) 1 The temperature of LNG liquefied natural gas entering the circulating working medium condenser; t (T) Variable The temperature of the gasified natural gas flowing out of the circulating working medium condenser; t (T) Variable -T 1 The temperature change of LNG in the circulating working medium condenser is treated; t (T) Feed device The natural gas temperature entering the natural gas pipe network after the final gasification and the temperature rise.
In the application, the system can obtain the cold energy utilization and the lost energy Q of the whole system by selectively setting the Rankine cycle or the low Wen Bulei ton cycle and acquiring the temperatures of LNG liquefied natural gas in different stages in the system and performing the selection and operation Total (S) 。
Normally, the above-mentioned cold energy utilization and lost energy Q are obtained Total (S) Not the final purpose, but further the acquisition of the cyclic power generation amount of the whole system, on the basis of the above embodiment, after step S5, further includes the steps of:
s6, obtaining the average heat absorption temperature T of the circulating working medium heater 4’ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining the average exothermic temperature T of the circulating working medium condenser 3’ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein T is 4’ Is determined by the exhaust temperature of the introduced turbine or the temperature of the seawater or the circulating water, and is a known quantity; t (T) 3’ Is determined by the temperature of the LNG and the cold energy of the LNG utilized in the circulating working medium condenser, and is also known. The average endothermic temperature T 4’ And an average exothermic temperature T 3’ May be obtained by detection or by other means.
S7, acquiring a cycle type;
if the cycle type is Rankine cycle, acquiring the total cold energy utilization quantity Q of the Rankine cycle Rankine And proceeds to step S81; if the cycle type is low-temperature Brayton cycle, the Brayton cycle cold energy is acquiredBy a total amount Q Brayton And proceeds to step S82;
step S81, obtaining Rankine cycle power generation amount P Rankine ：
P Rankine ＝Q Rankine ×η R ×η e ＝Q Rankine ×(1-T 3’ /T 4’ )×η e (5)；
Step S82, obtaining low Wen Bulei ton cycle power generation amount P Brayton ：
P Brayton ＝Q Brayton ×η B ×η e ＝Q Brayton ×(1-T 3’ /T 4’ )×η e (6)；
Wherein eta R Is Rankine cycle thermal efficiency, eta B Is low Wen Bulei ton cycle thermal efficiency.
Rankine cycle thermal efficiency η R And eta B Is low in Wen Bulei ton cycle heat efficiency eta B Are all 1-T 3’ /T 4’ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the I.e. the average heat absorption temperature T of the circulating working medium 4’ And an average exothermic temperature T 3’ Determining; η (eta) e Is generator efficiency.
The method can obtain the cold energy utilization and the energy loss Q of the Rankine cycle or the low Wen Bulei ton cycle Total (S) And can further obtain the Rankine cycle power generation amount P Rankine Or lower Wen Bulei ton cycle power generation P Brayton 。
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The system and the method for generating the cold energy of the coupling LNG of the thermal power plant provided by the invention are described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. The power generation method of the coupling LNG cold energy of the thermal power plant is characterized by being applied to a power generation system of the coupling LNG cold energy of the thermal power plant;
the system is characterized by also comprising an LNG heater and an LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system, wherein the LNG additional working medium cold energy power generation system comprises a circulating working medium heater, a turbine and a circulating working medium condenser which are sequentially connected end to circulate circulating working medium; the circulating working medium condenser is connected with the LNG heater and is used for gasifying and heating LNG liquefied natural gas flowing to the LNG heater;
the thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system is respectively connected with the cycle working medium heater and the LNG heater so as to heat the cycle working medium in the cycle working medium heater and the natural gas in the LNG heater by utilizing the cold source loss of the thermal power plant Rankine cycle power generation system;
the thermal power plant coupling LNG cold energy power generation method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring the temperature T of LNG (liquefied Natural gas) entering the circulating working medium condenser 1 The temperature T of the gasified natural gas flowing out of the circulating working medium condenser Variable The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Acquiring total flow F of LNG (liquefied Natural gas) in system LNG ；
S2, acquiring the total utilization quantity Q of the circulating cold energy according to the current circulating type Rankine or Brayton If the current cycle type is a Rankine cycle, Q Rankine or Brayton Is the total quantity Q of cold energy utilization of Rankine cycle Rankine If the current cycle type is a low temperature brayton cycle, Q Rankine or Brayton Is a low-temperature clothTotal amount of cold energy utilization Q of Lengton cycle Brayton ；
Q Rankine ＝F LNG ×(T Variable -T 1 )×C pLNG +F LNG ×Q Latent heat of vaporization of LNG ；
Q Brayton ＝F LNG ×(T Variable -T 1 )×C pLNG +F LNG ×Q Latent heat of vaporization of LNG ；
Wherein F is LNG Total flow (kg/h) of LNG liquefied natural gas in the system;
T variable -T 1 The temperature variation of LNG in the circulating working medium condenser is obtained;
C pLNG specific heat capacity (kJ/kg ℃) of LNG liquefied natural gas;
Q latent heat of vaporization of LNG Is the latent heat of vaporization (kJ/kg) of LNG liquefied natural gas;
s3, acquiring the temperature T of the natural gas entering the natural gas pipe network after final gasification and temperature rise Feed device ；
S4, according to the formula Q Heater ＝F LNG ×(T Feed device -T Variable )×C p-gas ＝F Heat source ×q Heat source Obtaining the heat source flow F of the LNG heater Heat source (kg/h) Natural gas Heat absorption quantity Q in LNG Heater Heater ；
Wherein F is LNG Total flow (kg/h) of LNG liquefied natural gas in the system;
C p-gas Specific heat capacity of the gaseous natural gas;
q heat source Heat release (kJ/kg) per unit mass of heat source;
s5, acquiring the total quantity Q of the circulating cold energy utilization under the current state Rankine or Brayton Natural gas heat absorption quantity Q in LNG heater Heater ；
According to Q Total (S) ＝Q Rankine or Brayton +Q Heater The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining cold energy utilization and lost energy Q Total (S) 。
2. The method for generating power by coupling LNG cold energy according to claim 1, wherein after S5, further comprising:
s6, obtaining the average heat absorption temperature T of the circulating working medium heater 4’ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining the average exothermic temperature T of the circulating working medium condenser 3’ ；
S7, acquiring a cycle type, and if the cycle type is a Rankine cycle, acquiring the total cold energy utilization quantity Q of the Rankine cycle Rankine And proceeds to step S81; if the cycle type is low-temperature Brayton cycle, the total utilization quantity Q of low Wen Bulei Brayton cycle cold energy is obtained Brayton And proceeds to step S82;
s81, acquiring Rankine cycle power generation amount P Rankine ＝Q Rankine ×η R ×η e ＝Q Rankine ×(1-T 3’ /T 4’ )×η e ；
S82, obtaining low Wen Bulei-cycle power generation amount P Brayton ＝Q Brayton ×η B ×η e ＝Q Brayton ×(1-T 3’ /T 4’ )×η e ；
Wherein eta R Is Rankine cycle thermal efficiency, eta B For low Wen Bulei ton cycle thermal efficiency, both are equal to 1-T 3’ /T 4’ ，η e Is generator efficiency.
3. The method for generating power by coupling LNG cold energy in a thermal power plant according to claim 1, wherein,
the LNG heater is provided with a first heat source working medium channel for carrying out heat exchange with the received natural gas, and the first heat source working medium channel is connected with a seawater or circulating water outlet of the condenser;
and/or the LNG heater is provided with a second heat source working medium channel for carrying out heat exchange with the received natural gas, and the second heat source working medium channel is connected with the steam discharge channel of the steam turbine.
4. The method of generating power by coupling LNG cold energy according to claim 1, wherein the LNG heater is provided with a first heat source working fluid passage for heating natural gas with seawater or circulating water, a seawater or circulating water outlet of the first heat source working fluid passage is connected to an inlet of a cooling passage of the condenser, and the cooling passage is used for cooling exhaust steam of a turbine received by the condenser by using seawater or circulating water cooled by natural gas in the LNG heater.
5. The method for generating power by coupling LNG cold energy in a thermal power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cycle fluid heater is provided with a first heat source cycle fluid channel and a second heat source cycle fluid channel for exchanging heat with the cycle fluid;
the first heat source circulating working medium channel is connected with a seawater or circulating water outlet of the condenser, and the second heat source circulating working medium channel is connected with a steam discharge channel of the steam turbine.
6. The method for generating power by coupling LNG cold energy in a thermal power plant according to claim 5, wherein the second heat source circulating working medium channel is connected with a hot well inlet of the condenser so as to recover condensed water of steam turbine exhaust.
7. The method for generating power by coupling LNG cold energy in a thermal power plant according to claim 1, wherein an LNG liquefied natural gas inlet of the cycle working medium condenser is connected with an LNG storage tank, so that LNG liquefied natural gas absorbs heat and is gasified in the cycle working medium condenser.
8. The method for generating power by coupling LNG cold energy in a thermal power plant according to claim 7, wherein a circulating working medium outlet of the circulating working medium condenser is provided with a booster pump for pumping circulating working medium to the circulating working medium heater.
9. The method for generating power from LNG cold energy in a thermal power plant according to claim 7, wherein the LNG heater is connected to an expander, and the expander is connected to a generator.
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