CN103267394B - Method and device for efficiently utilizing cold energy of liquefied natural gas - Google Patents
Method and device for efficiently utilizing cold energy of liquefied natural gas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for reasonably and efficiently utilizing cold energy of LNG (liquefied natural gas) and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas storage and delivery engineering. In an LNG gasifying station, more cold energy can be released in the process of LNG gasifying, and a low-temperature Rankine cycle generation system is formed as the LNG is used as a low-temperature heat source and water steam after heating of a boiler is used as a high-temperature heat source. Meanwhile, the water steam can form the low-temperature Rankine cycle generation system during circular use, and cold energy utilization efficiency is improved. After heat exchange, LNG temperature is approximately minus 69 DEG C so that the LNG can be used as a cold source of a refrigerator. After above use, the LNG can be preheated to a specified temperature through a preheater and a boiler tail gas waste heat system and can be delivered into a gas pipe network after being subjected to pressure regulation and odorizing. Cold energy of the LNG gasifying station can be reasonably utilized, which is accordant with related policy of energy conservation and emission reduction of China, and operating cost of the gasifying station can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil-gas storage and Transportation Engineering technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method and apparatus of efficiency utilization liquefied natural gas (LNG) cold energy.
Background technology
Along with the development of society, liquefied natural gas (LNG) proportion in current energy use amount as one of world's main energy sources improves year by year, flourish due to gas industry, nearly ten years, the quantity of Suo Jian natural gas receiving station of China and gasification station was also in continuous increase.
Natural gas gasifying station is a kind of small-sized reception and gasification station, and it receives the natural gas shipped from natural gas receiving station specially.After this, natural gas gasifying station just plays its gasification function, low temperature, liquified natural gas are gasified as gas at normal temperature feeding gas pipe network, natural gas will produce the considerable cold energy of quantity in gasification, and this is also a new industry in China, according to measuring and calculating, natural gas gasifying per ton is by the energy of release about 850MJ, and these cold energy are usually rejected with seawater in gasifier, bring about great losses, also pollution is caused to marine environment simultaneously.
By special process technology Reasonable Utilization of Natural Gas cold energy, can reach and save the energy, energy-saving and emission-reduction, the object of increasing economic efficiency.And in fact, the pipe network fed distance at middle-size and small-size natural gas gasifying station is short, vapor pressure is low, the gas pressure fire of corresponding consumption is with few, and available cold energy is also more than major station, and its potential cold energy user types is various, potential temperature distribution is wide, is more conducive to cascade utilization.
Gasification natural gas needs the gaseous natural gas about low-temperature liquefaction natural gas gasifying to 5 ~ 10 of-162 DEG C DEG C, and be generally 0.6MPa at the vapor pressure at middle-size and small-size natural gas gasifying station, like this can using natural gas cold energy generating and freezer as two parts of cold energy cascade utilization.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of device of efficiency utilization liquefied natural gas (LNG) cold energy.
The cold energy that natural gas gasifying discharges is used not affecting on the basis normally run at natural gas gasifying station, its operating cost can be reduced, cold energy can be driven again to use the development of industry, realize maximization of economic benefit.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows: it is characterized in that: deliver to the first plate type heat exchanger from natural gas storage tank liquefied natural gas out through natural gas pump, about-69 DEG C are down to propane heat-exchange temperature in heat exchanger, flow through the second plate type heat exchanger in cold accumulation system again, with the propane in propane cycles electricity generation system jointly for cold-storage device stores cold, after the condensing heat exchanger of preheater and boiler is preheated to assigned temperature, enter gas distributing system successively afterwards.
Working medium propane becomes low temperature, low-pressure gas after gas-turbine generating, low temperature saturated liquid is cooled to after flowing through the first plate type heat exchanger, and part cold energy is stored in cold-storage device by the second plate type heat exchanger, then propane pump pressurizes to working medium and heats up in three-plate type heat exchanger and then again become high temperature, gases at high pressure, has been generated electricity once circulate by gas-turbine.
Steam becomes low temperature, Low pressure steam after being generated electricity by steam turbine, flow through the heat exchange of three-plate type heat exchanger and reduce to low temperature saturation water, again through water pump pressurization, the heating of boiler loop heating system, again become high temperature, high-pressure steam, steam generates electricity through steam turbine to improve cold energy use efficiency.
Regenerative cooling system is characterized in that, cold-storage device is that cold accumulating pond stores cold by the second plate type heat exchanger, in use by the 4th plate type heat exchanger for freezer provides cold, ammonia pump lets cool for refrigerating medium provides power to start circulation, ammonia is let cool by freezer, freezer, fresh-keeping warehouse circulation successively under the effect of pump, then after refrigerating medium is reduced to uniform temperature by preheater, gets back to plate type heat exchanger completes circulation and let cool.
One as above is reasonable, the device of efficiency utilization liquefied natural gas (LNG) cold energy, gasifier in conventional LNG gasification station is changed into two place's plate type heat exchangers, by first place's plate type heat exchanger, namely in device, the low-temperature level cold of LNG is passed to refrigerant medium propane in order to generating as low-temperature heat source by the first plate type heat exchanger, after low-temperature level cold transmits by LNG, flow through second place's plate type heat exchanger, namely in device, LNG high-temperature position cold energy is passed to cool storage medium by the second plate type heat exchanger, is stored in by cold in cold accumulating pond to play cold regulation effect.Because middle-size and small-size LNG gasification station hour amount of vaporization is also unstable, especially the amount of natural gas used with night is in the winter time larger, so just can the unnecessary cold of LNG release be stored in cold accumulating pond, and when the normal semen donors of LNG gasification station is less than freezer consumption, cold accumulating pond just plays supplementary function released cold quantity, meets the requirement of freezer user with this.
The LNG outlet temperature of the first plate type heat exchanger in system is set in about-69 DEG C, by cold for LNG fire release thoroughly, to improve cold fire generating efficiency.
Advantage of the present invention is: this device according to cold fire in LNG gasification under different pressures with the distribution situation of temperature and related characteristics thereof, construct two groups of low temperature Lang Ken cycle generating systems and a set of freezer cooling system, not only lower to efficiency in the past direct expansion power generating method makes replacement, the more important thing is that p-162 DEG C to 10 DEG C overall potential temperatures are made to utilize more comprehensively, cold energy use efficiency is improved with this, and reducing the overall operation cost of middle-size and small-size gasification station, this has practical significance to social future development.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is device and the process flow diagram of efficiency utilization cold energy of liquefied natural gas of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments, patent of the present invention is described in further detail:
Patent of the present invention is specifically related to rationally a kind of, the method and apparatus of efficiency utilization liquefied natural gas (LNG) cold energy, device comprises: natural gas storage tank 1, natural gas pump 2, first plate type heat exchanger 3, second plate type heat exchanger 4, propane pump 5, three-plate type heat exchanger 6, steam turbine 7, water pump 8, gas fired-boiler 9, steam turbine 10, natural gas slack tank 11, condensing heat exchanger 14, first cool storage medium pump 17, cold accumulating pond 16, second cool storage medium pump 18, 4th plate type heat exchanger 19, ammonia pump 20, freezer 21, freezer 22, fresh-keeping warehouse 23, preheater 24, it is characterized in that: deliver to the first plate type heat exchanger 3 from natural gas storage tank 1 liquefied natural gas out through natural gas pump 2, in heat exchanger with propane heat exchange after temperature be down to about-69 DEG C, flow through the second plate type heat exchanger 4 in cold accumulation system again, with the propane in propane cycles electricity generation system jointly for cold-storage device stores cold, after the condensing heat exchanger 14 of preheater 24 and boiler is preheated to assigned temperature, enter gas distributing system successively afterwards, working medium propane becomes low temperature, low-pressure gas after gas-turbine 7 generates electricity, low temperature saturated liquid is cooled to after flowing through the first plate type heat exchanger 3, and part cold energy is stored in cold-storage device by the second plate type heat exchanger 4, then propane pump 5 pairs of working medium are pressurizeed and are heated up in three-plate type heat exchanger 6 and then again become high temperature, gases at high pressure, generated electricity once circulate by gas-turbine 7, steam becomes low temperature, Low pressure steam after being generated electricity by steam turbine 10, flow through three-plate type heat exchanger 6 heat exchange and reduce to low temperature saturation water, pressurize through water pump 8 again, boiler 9 loop heating system heating, again become high temperature, high-pressure steam, steam generates electricity to improve cold energy use efficiency through steam turbine 10, cold-storage device stores cold by the second plate type heat exchanger 4 for cold accumulating pond 16, in use by the 4th plate type heat exchanger 19 for freezer provides cold, ammonia pump 20 lets cool for refrigerating medium provides power to start circulation, ammonia is let cool by freezer 21, freezer 22, fresh-keeping warehouse 23 circulation successively under the effect of pump, then after refrigerating medium is reduced to uniform temperature by preheater 24, gets back to plate type heat exchanger completes circulation and let cool.
Device comprises LNG tank 1, liquefied natural gas pump 2, first plate type heat exchanger 3, second plate type heat exchanger 4, propane pump 5, three-plate type heat exchanger 6, steam turbine 7, water pump 8, gas fired-boiler 9, steam turbine 10, natural gas slack tank 11, condensing heat exchanger 14, cold accumulating pond 16, first cool storage medium pump 17, second cool storage medium pump 18, the 4th plate type heat exchanger 19, ammonia pump 20, freezer 21, freezer 22, fresh-keeping warehouse 23, preheater 24, it is characterized in that: natural gas storage tank 1 connects the first plate type heat exchanger 3 by natural gas pump 2, first plate type heat exchanger 3 one end is connected with the second plate type heat exchanger 4, the other end is connected with three-plate type heat exchanger 6 by steam turbine 7, second plate type heat exchanger 4 one end connects cold accumulating pond 16 by the first cool storage medium pump 17, the other end also connects cold accumulating pond 16, also connect three-plate type heat exchanger 6 by propane pump 5, be also connected on preheater 24, cold accumulating pond 16 two ends are also connected on the 4th plate type heat exchanger 19, the second cool storage medium pump 18 is also connected with between cold accumulating pond 16 and the 4th plate type heat exchanger 19, 4th plate type heat exchanger 19 is connected with freezer 21 by ammonia pump 20, freezer 21, freezer 22, fresh-keeping warehouse 23 is connected successively, preheater 24 is also connected with the 4th plate type heat exchanger 19, is also connected with condensing heat exchanger 14, and gas fired-boiler 9 connects condensing heat exchanger 14.
LNG cold energy use system be as shown in Figure 1 secondary refrigerant method with freezer in conjunction with operational system, gas direct expansion method acting generating efficiency involved than ever improves greatly.The twice Lang Ken cycle generating system be specifically related in the present system, when refrigerant and water expand isentropically to 2 state procedures from 1 state, if regard perfect gas as by approximate for gas in expansion process, then
Wherein: w
tfor technology work; K is specific heat ratio, i.e. Cp/Cv; R
gfor gas constant; T
1it is the temperature of gas during 1 state; T
2it is the temperature of gas during 2 state;
From above formula, because this device is strict with temperature, so using temperature as criterion when weighing acting size, and want to improve the technology work done when working medium expands, can T be improved
1or reduce T
2.But raising T simply
1or reduce T
2strict by meaning the requirement of generating system equipment, so the economy that can consider electricity generation system is to adjust the import and export temperature of steam engine.
Claims (2)
1. the method for an efficiency utilization cold energy of liquefied natural gas, the device adopted in method comprises: natural gas storage tank (1), natural gas pump (2), first plate type heat exchanger (3), second plate type heat exchanger (4), propane pump (5), three-plate type heat exchanger (6), steam turbine (7), water pump (8), gas fired-boiler (9), steam turbine (10), natural gas slack tank (11), condensing heat exchanger (14), first cool storage medium pump (17), cold accumulating pond (16), second cool storage medium pump (18), 4th plate type heat exchanger (19), ammonia pump (20), freezer (21), freezer (22), fresh-keeping warehouse (23), preheater (24), it is characterized in that: deliver to the first plate type heat exchanger (3) from natural gas storage tank (1) liquefied natural gas out through natural gas pump (2), in heat exchanger with propane heat exchange after temperature be down to-69
oabout C, flow through the second plate type heat exchanger (4) in cold accumulation system again, with the propane in propane cycles electricity generation system jointly for cold-storage device stores cold, after the condensing heat exchanger (14) of preheater (24) and boiler is preheated to assigned temperature, enter gas distributing system successively afterwards, working medium propane becomes low temperature, low-pressure gas after gas-turbine (7) generating, low temperature saturated liquid is cooled to after flowing through the first plate type heat exchanger (3), and part cold energy is stored in cold-storage device by the second plate type heat exchanger (4), then propane pump (5) pressurizes to working medium and heats up in three-plate type heat exchanger (6) and then again become high temperature, gases at high pressure, has been generated electricity once circulate by gas-turbine (7), steam is by becoming low temperature, Low pressure steam after steam turbine (10) generating, flow through three-plate type heat exchanger (6) heat exchange and reduce to low temperature saturation water, again through water pump (8) pressurization, the heating of boiler (9) loop heating system, again become high temperature, high-pressure steam, steam generates electricity through steam turbine (10) to improve cold energy use efficiency, cold-storage device is cold accumulating pond (16) storage cold by the second plate type heat exchanger (4), in use by the 4th plate type heat exchanger (19) for freezer provides cold, ammonia pump (20) lets cool for refrigerating medium provides power to start circulation, ammonia is let cool by freezer (21), freezer (22), fresh-keeping warehouse (23) circulation successively under the effect of pump, then after refrigerating medium is reduced to uniform temperature by preheater (24), gets back to plate type heat exchanger completes circulation and let cool.
2. the device in the method for an a kind of efficiency utilization cold energy of liquefied natural gas as claimed in claim 1, comprise LNG tank (1), liquefied natural gas pump (2), first plate type heat exchanger (3), second plate type heat exchanger (4), propane pump (5), three-plate type heat exchanger (6), steam turbine (7), water pump (8), gas fired-boiler (9), steam turbine (10), natural gas slack tank (11), condensing heat exchanger (14), cold accumulating pond (16), first cool storage medium pump (17), second cool storage medium pump (18), 4th plate type heat exchanger (19), ammonia pump (20), freezer (21), freezer (22), fresh-keeping warehouse (23), preheater (24), it is characterized in that: natural gas storage tank (1) connects the first plate type heat exchanger (3) by natural gas pump (2), first plate type heat exchanger (3) one end is connected with the second plate type heat exchanger (4), the other end is connected with three-plate type heat exchanger (6) by steam turbine (7), second plate type heat exchanger (4) one end connects cold accumulating pond (16) by the first cool storage medium pump (17), the other end also connects cold accumulating pond (16), also connect three-plate type heat exchanger (6) by propane pump (5), be also connected on preheater (24), cold accumulating pond (16) two ends are also connected on the 4th plate type heat exchanger (19), the second cool storage medium pump (18) is also connected with between cold accumulating pond (16) and the 4th plate type heat exchanger (19), 4th plate type heat exchanger (19) is connected with freezer (21) by ammonia pump (20), freezer (21), freezer (22), fresh-keeping warehouse (23) is connected successively, preheater (24) is also connected with the 4th plate type heat exchanger (19), is also connected with condensing heat exchanger (14), and gas fired-boiler (9) connects condensing heat exchanger (14).
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103821592A (en) * | 2014-03-23 | 2014-05-28 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | LNG automobile cold energy recovery gradient utilization method and device |
| CN104595707B (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-29 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of gain recycling system of cold energy of liquefied natural gas |
| CN105545390A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-05-04 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | LNG cold energy cascade utilization method |
| CN107764121B (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2023-09-29 | 中国五环工程有限公司 | Energy-saving consumption-reducing system and adjusting method for low-temperature liquefied hydrocarbon storage and transportation station |
| CN108151419B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-05-26 | 常州大学 | LNG cold energy freezer system is utilized to step |
| CN111216866B (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2024-02-09 | 青岛科技大学 | Ship refrigerated container heat preservation system and method utilizing LNG cold energy |
| CN114251643B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-05-12 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Multi-energy complementary comprehensive energy system |
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| CN201116815Y (en) * | 2007-09-29 | 2008-09-17 | 上海海事大学 | LNG cold energy utilizing device |
| CN202250273U (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-05-30 | 北京天成山泉电子科技有限公司 | Multistage recovery and comprehensive utilization system for cold energy of liquefied natural gas (LNG) |
| JP2012149542A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-08-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Fuel preheating system, gas turbine electric generating system, and fuel preheating method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201116815Y (en) * | 2007-09-29 | 2008-09-17 | 上海海事大学 | LNG cold energy utilizing device |
| JP2012149542A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2012-08-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Fuel preheating system, gas turbine electric generating system, and fuel preheating method |
| CN202250273U (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-05-30 | 北京天成山泉电子科技有限公司 | Multistage recovery and comprehensive utilization system for cold energy of liquefied natural gas (LNG) |
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