CN110184415B - Wire feeding device and method for ladle refining - Google Patents

Wire feeding device and method for ladle refining Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110184415B
CN110184415B CN201910457696.3A CN201910457696A CN110184415B CN 110184415 B CN110184415 B CN 110184415B CN 201910457696 A CN201910457696 A CN 201910457696A CN 110184415 B CN110184415 B CN 110184415B
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wire feeding
dipping
cantilever
cover
feeding machine
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CN110184415A (en
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杨利彬
王杰
杨勇
赵进宣
赵舸
林腾昌
林路
汪成义
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Central Iron and Steel Research Institute
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0056Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21CPROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/072Treatment with gases

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a wire feeding device and a wire feeding method for ladle refining, which solve the problem of low alloy recovery rate caused by the factors of slag layer penetration of an alloy wire, secondary oxidation, low steam pressure and the like in the traditional wire feeding process. The device comprises a wire feeding machine and a wire feeding arm; the wire feeding arm comprises a cantilever and an impregnation cover; one end of the cantilever is connected with an outlet of the wire feeding machine, the other end of the cantilever is connected with the dipping cover, and the cantilever can move longitudinally and transversely under the brake of the wire feeding machine. The invention can improve the alloy yield, effectively reduce the process smoke dust and reduce the environmental pollution.

Description

Wire feeding device and method for ladle refining
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ferrous metallurgy, and particularly relates to a wire feeding device and a wire feeding method for ladle refining.
Background
In the production process of steel, in order to ensure various physical and chemical properties of steel, various alloy elements need to be added into molten steel to ensure various physical and chemical indexes of the steel, and at present, a wire feeding process for adding the alloy elements into the molten steel by coating alloy with a metal sheet is one of the commonly adopted alloying processes.
The alloy wire is used as one of important materials in steel production, the energy consumption in the production process is as high as 10000kwh, the high energy consumption is realized, and the improvement of the alloy yield has important significance on resource utilization and friendly, green and harmonious development.
In the traditional wire feeding device, an alloy wire must pass through a slag layer to cause molten steel to turn over, secondary oxidation occurs, and the alloy wire is influenced by limiting factors such as low-melting-point alloy gasification and the like, so that the yield of alloy elements is low, the yield of the alloy is only 10% and is not more than 30% when the yield is high; the ladle refining process is accompanied with bottom blowing argon stirring refining, and argon bubbles enter a molten pool to generate dispersed bubbles and cause the circulation of molten steel; therefore, the wire feeding device and the method are provided from the aspects of improving the alloy yield, reducing the alloy consumption and matching the alloy wire with the ladle flow field, and have important significance for solving the resource and environmental problems in the development of the steel industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wire feeding device and a wire feeding method for ladle refining, which solve the problem of low alloy recovery rate caused by the factors of slag layer penetration of an alloy wire, secondary oxidation, low steam pressure and the like in the traditional wire feeding process, effectively reduce process smoke dust and improve the alloy yield.
Specifically, the invention provides a wire feeding device for ladle refining, which comprises a wire feeding machine and a wire feeding arm; the wire feeding arm comprises a cantilever and an impregnation cover; one end of the cantilever is connected with an outlet of the wire feeding machine, the other end of the cantilever is connected with the dipping cover, and the cantilever can move longitudinally and transversely under the brake of the wire feeding machine.
Furthermore, this wire feeding device still includes dust collecting equipment, and dust collecting equipment includes tubular metal resonator, air exhaust fan and the smoke and dust collector that connects gradually, dust collecting equipment's one end is passed through the tubular metal resonator and is connected with the cantilever, and air exhaust fan inhales the smoke and dust collector with the interior flue gas that generates of flooding cover, and the smoke and dust collector is connected with outside dust removal pipeline.
Further, the cantilever is a hollow steel casing.
Furthermore, the upper part of the dipping cover is a hollow connecting pipe which is detachably connected with the cantilever; the lower part of the dipping cover is a hollow conical shell structure, and the dipping cover comprises a metal outer shell, a heat insulation layer and a metal inner shell from outside to inside.
Further, the inner height of the conical shell is 200-800mm, and the diameter of the circle at the bottom of the conical shell is 200-1000 mm.
Furthermore, the heat-insulating layer is made of magnesium-based or aluminum-based castable.
Furthermore, the thickness of the metal outer shell is 15-25mm, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 45-55mm, and the thickness of the metal inner shell is 10-20 mm.
Further, the wire feeding device also comprises a working platform and a ladle; the working platform is used for placing the wire feeding machine.
In addition, the invention also provides a ladle refining wire feeding method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: bottom blowing argon at the bottom of the steel ladle, wherein the bottom blowing flow is Q1Forming a stable slag hole on the slag surface of the steel ladle;
step 2: transversely moving the wire feeding machine, moving the dipping cover right above the slag hole, and increasing the flow of bottom-blown argon to Q2
And step 3: longitudinally moving the wire feeding machine, immersing the dipping hood below molten steel at the slag hole, and reducing the flow of bottom-blown argon to Q3
And 4, step 4: moving the wire feeding machine transversely, and moving the dipping hood to a position where the stream opposite to the slag hole descends;
and 5: starting the wire feeding device to feed wires;
step 6: after the wire feeding is finished, the wire feeding machine is moved longitudinally, and the dipping cover is lifted to the upper part of the steel ladle edge; the wire feeder is moved transversely to move the dipping cover away from the upper part of the ladle.
And further, in the steps 1 to 5, the air exhaust fan is closed, the smoke generated by the wire feeding is sealed in the dipping cover, and in the step 6, the air exhaust fan is started before the dipping cover is moved away from the upper part of the steel ladle to remove the dust of the smoke in the dipping cover through the smoke collector, and then the waste gas is discharged into an external dust removal pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can at least realize one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) the cantilever, the dipping cover and the wire feeding machine of the wire feeding device provided by the invention are connected to form a hollow channel, and the alloy wire is fed out by the wire feeding machine, passes through the cantilever and the dipping cover, avoids a slag layer and directly enters molten steel, so that the problem of low alloy yield caused by oxidation or gasification of the alloy wire passing through the slag layer is solved.
(2) The wire feeding device provided by the invention comprises the dust removing equipment, so that the smoke dust in the wire feeding process can be discharged after being fully utilized, the smoke dust in the process can be effectively reduced, the alloy yield is improved, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
(3) The wire feeding method provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly putting the dipping hood from the slag hole, then moving the dipping hood to the position opposite to the slag hole to start wire feeding, and protecting a slag shell around the reaction, so that the violent reaction of a molten pool in the direct reaction at the slag hole is avoided, and the secondary oxidation caused by violent overturning of molten steel is reduced.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the thread feeding apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the wire feeding arm structure of the wire feeding device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the dipping hood structure of the thread feeding apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the impregnation hood of the thread feeding apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the boom of the thread feeding apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the boom of the thread feeding apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the flow field and dip hood position in the wire feeding process of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the bottom blowing air supply mode in the yarn feeding method of the present invention.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-wire feeding machine, 2-working platform, 3-wire feeding arm, 3-1-cantilever, 3-2-dipping hood, 3-2-1-flange, 3-2-2-connecting pipe, 3-3 alloy wire channel, 3-4 alloy wire, 4-steel ladle, 4-1-slag layer, 4-2 molten steel, 4-3-slag-steel interface, 5-bottom blowing brick, 6-slag hole and 7-stream descending position.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a wire feeding apparatus for ladle refining, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, including: a wire feeding machine 1 and a wire feeding arm 3; the wire feeding arm 3 comprises a cantilever 3-1 and an impregnation hood 3-2; one end of the cantilever 3-1 is connected with an outlet of the wire feeding machine 1 through a flange, the other end of the cantilever is detachably connected with the dipping cover 3-2 through a flange, and the wire feeding machine 1 is placed on the working platform 2; the below of wire feeding machine is provided with the wheel, can remove along work platform, is provided with the elevating platform on the wire feeding machine, can drive wire feeding arm 3 and realize longitudinal movement.
Compared with the prior art, the cantilever, the dipping cover and the wire feeding machine of the wire feeding device provided by the embodiment are connected to form a hollow alloy wire channel, the alloy wire is fed by the wire feeding machine, passes through the cantilever and the dipping cover, avoids a slag layer and directly enters molten steel, the problem that the alloy yield is low due to the fact that the alloy wire passes through the slag layer and is oxidized or gasified is avoided, and the alloy yield can be remarkably improved.
Specifically, the wire feeding device further comprises dust removing equipment, the dust removing equipment comprises a metal pipe, an air exhaust fan and a smoke dust collector which are sequentially connected, one end of the dust removing equipment is connected with the cantilever 3-1 through the metal pipe, the air exhaust fan sucks smoke generated in the dipping cover into the smoke dust collector, and the smoke dust collector is connected with an external dust removing pipeline. The smoke and dust generated in the wire feeding process is small, the generated smoke and dust are not directly discharged, the smoke and dust generated in the wire feeding process are sealed in the dipping cover, and the smoke and dust partial pressure in the dipping cover is utilized to improve the wire feeding metal yield; after the wire feeding is finished, the dipping cover is moved away, and before the dipping cover is moved away, the air exhaust fan is started to remove dust of smoke dust in the dipping cover through the smoke dust collector, and then exhaust gas is exhausted into an external dust removal pipeline.
Considering that the cantilever needs to have certain strength to meet the weight requirement of extending, moving and bearing the dipping cover, and on the other hand needs to meet the design requirement of light weight, the cantilever adopts a hollow steel double-layer sleeve, the sleeves are not isolated from each other, but are connected by a rib plate, the strength of the two layers of pipes is enhanced, and the weight of the cantilever is reduced.
It is noted that the dipping hood 3-2 is structured as shown in fig. 4, the upper part of the dipping hood 3-2 is a hollow connecting pipe 3-2-2, and the connecting pipe 3-2-2 is detachably connected with the cantilever 3-1 through a flange 3-2-1; when the dipping cover 3-2 is used for a period of time and needs to be replaced, the dipping cover can be directly detached for replacement, so that the method is convenient and fast, and the cost is saved; specifically, the lower part of the dipping hood 3-2 is of a hollow conical shell structure, and considering that the size of the conical shell is too small, the dipping hood is not favorable for collecting flue gas, and the flue gas is easy to escape before the fan is not started; the size is too big, and weight gain is unfavorable for the operation on the one hand, and increases the cantilever burden to feed the line in-process and do not carry out the flue gas and handle and to utilize the flue gas partial pressure in the flooding cover, improve and feed line metal and receive the yield, flooding cover size is great leads to the flue gas partial pressure low easily, is unfavorable for improving and feeds line and receive the yield. Therefore, preferably, the inner height of the conical shell is 200-.
Specifically, in order to improve the high-temperature erosion resistance of the dipping cover 3-2 and prolong the service life of the dipping cover, the dipping cover 3-2 comprises a three-layer structure of a metal outer shell, a heat insulation layer and a metal inner shell from outside to inside; in order to ensure that molten steel is not polluted, the material of the heat-insulating layer is consistent with the steel ladle refractory material, such as low-carbon magnesium oxide, medium-carbon magnesium oxide, high-carbon magnesium oxide, low-carbon aluminum oxide, medium-carbon aluminum oxide or high-carbon aluminum oxide; the material of the metal outer shell and the metal inner shell is steel with the same composition as the processed molten steel.
In order to ensure the strength of the impregnation cover and prolong the service life, the thickness of the adopted metal shell is 15-25mm, such as 20 mm; the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 45-55mm, for example 50 mm; the thickness of the inner metal shell is 10-20mm, for example 15 mm.
Specifically, the wire feeding device also comprises a steel ladle 4, wherein the steel ladle 4 comprises a slag layer 4-1, a slag-steel interface 4-3 and molten steel 4-2 from top to bottom, and the dipping hood 3-2 can extend into the molten steel 4-2 in the wire feeding implementation process; the bottom of ladle 4 is provided with air brick 5 that is used for the end to blow argon gas, blows argon gas to the molten steel insole in refining process, plays certain stirring effect, can let some inclusion follow the bubble come-up to the slag blanket simultaneously, can effectively get rid of the inclusion in the steel.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a wire feeding method, as shown in fig. 7 to 9, the wire feeding device in the embodiment 1 is adopted, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
step 1: bottom blowing argon at the bottom of the ladle with a bottom blowing flow rate of Q1,Q1Is 8-11NL/min, for example 10NL/min, and forms a stable slag hole 6 on the slag surface of the ladle;
step 2: the wire feeding machine is moved transversely, the dipping cover is moved right above the slag hole 6, and the flow of bottom blowing argon is improved to Q2,Q2Is 13-17NL/min, e.g., 15 NL/min; at this time, the diameter of the slag hole is 490-510mm, for example 500 mm;
and step 3: longitudinally moving the wire feeder, immersing the immersion hood below the molten steel at the slag hole, and immersing the immersion hood into the molten steel to a depth H and a slag layer depth HSlag layerThe difference of (a) is 50-200mm, for example 50 mm; reducing the flow of bottom-blown argon to Q3,Q3Is 6-9NL/min, e.g., 8 NL/min;
and 4, step 4: moving the wire feeding machine transversely, and moving the dipping hood to a position 7 where the stream opposite to the slag hole descends; because the steel ladle bottom blowing gas supply elements are asymmetrically distributed, rising bubbles are generated by blowing in bottom blowing gas, one side of the molten steel surface is higher to form a circular flow as shown in figure 8, the blowing side of the bottom blowing gas is in an upward flow, the opposite side of the blowing side of the bottom blowing gas is in a downward flow, and the position 7 where the flow stream is lowered is the position of the downward flow;
and 5: starting the wire feeding device to feed wires; the wire feeding speed is 2.0 m/s;
specifically, on the premise that the bottom blowing gas does not blow the slag layer to form a slag hole, the gas amount of the bottom blowing gas can be adjusted, the increase of the gas amount can accelerate the circulation of molten steel, and the uniform mixing of wire feeding metal can be improved, so that the bottom blowing flow can be adjusted to 4NL/min in the step 5, and the wire feeding speed is increased to 2.5 m/s;
step 6: after the wire feeding is finished, the wire feeding machine is moved longitudinally, and the dipping cover (3-2) is lifted to the upper part of the ladle edge; the wire feeder is moved transversely to move the dipping cover away from the upper part of the ladle.
Specifically, the air exhaust fan is closed in the steps 1 to 5, the flue gas generated by the wire feeding is sealed in the dipping hood, and the partial pressure of the flue gas in the dipping hood is utilized to improve the metal yield of the wire feeding; and 6, before the dipping cover is moved away from the upper part of the steel ladle, starting an air exhaust fan to remove dust of the flue gas in the dipping cover through a smoke collector, and then discharging the waste gas into an external dust removal pipeline.
Specifically, in the step 2, the difference between the diameter of the slag hole and the diameter of the bottom of the conical shell of the dipping cover is 100-200 mm, so that no slag layer is formed in the dipping cover, and no slag layer is formed in the dipping cover in the wire feeding process.
Specifically, a circulating gas flow can be formed in the ladle by increasing the bottom argon blowing flow in the step 2 and reducing the bottom argon blowing flow in the step 3, a position 7 where a flow stream descends is formed, and at the moment, the dipping hood is moved to the position 7 where the flow stream descends to start wire feeding; because the dipping cover extends to the lower part of molten steel from the slag hole, no slag layer is arranged between the dipping cover and the molten steel, the dipping cover is moved to a position 7 where the flow stream descends, the periphery of the dipping cover is surrounded by the slag layer at the moment, and violent sparks generated when the alloy wire reacts with the molten steel are blocked by the slag layer during wire feeding so as to prevent the molten steel from violently rolling to contact with air to cause oxidation.
Specifically, in step 5, the thread feeding speed and the thread feeding amount are adjusted through the thread feeding machine according to the process requirements.
Specifically, the bottom-blowing air supply mode in the wire feeding method is shown in fig. 9.
In this embodiment, the device and the method are adopted for SPHC steel LF refining in a certain plant to replace the original device and process method for wire feeding treatment. The process parameters for the treatment with the existing process and the wire feeding method of the present invention in this example are shown in table 1. As can be seen from the table 1, after the wire feeding device and the wire feeding method are used for treatment, the alloy yield is obviously improved, for example, the alloy yield reaches 42.5-53.3%, meanwhile, the wire feeding process is protected by the immersion cover, the turnover of the molten steel surface can be reduced, the secondary oxidation is reduced, the nitrogen content and the oxygen content of the molten steel are reduced, and the cleanliness of the molten steel is improved; meanwhile, the smoke dust in the thread feeding process is effectively discharged, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
TABLE 1 Process parameters and Effect
Figure BDA0002077102240000081
In conclusion, the invention overcomes the problem of low alloy yield caused by the oxidation or gasification of the alloy wire passing through the slag layer and low steam pressure in the traditional wire feeding process, solves the defects of violent molten pool reaction and serious secondary oxidation of molten steel, and simultaneously overcomes the defects of smoke emission and environmental pollution in the using process. The method is simple and reliable, convenient to use and wide in applicability, and can remarkably improve the economic benefit of iron and steel enterprises.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications are allowable without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The wire feeding device for ladle refining is characterized by comprising a wire feeding machine (1) and a wire feeding arm (3); the wire feeding arm (3) comprises a cantilever (3-1) and an impregnation cover (3-2); one end of the cantilever (3-1) is connected with an outlet of the wire feeding machine (1), the other end of the cantilever is connected with the dipping cover (3-2), and the cantilever (3-1) can move longitudinally and transversely under the brake of the wire feeding machine (1); longitudinally moving a wire feeding machine, immersing the dipping cover below molten steel at the slag hole, transversely moving the wire feeding machine, and moving the dipping cover to a position where the stream opposite to the slag hole descends;
the wire feeding device also comprises dust removing equipment, wherein the dust removing equipment comprises a metal pipe, an air exhaust fan and a smoke dust collector which are sequentially connected, one end of the dust removing equipment is connected with the cantilever (3-1) through the metal pipe, the air exhaust fan sucks smoke generated in the dipping cover into the smoke dust collector, and the smoke dust collector is connected with an external dust removing pipeline; the smoke dust generated in the wire feeding process is not directly discharged, but is sealed in the dipping cover, and the smoke partial pressure in the dipping cover is utilized to improve the wire feeding metal yield;
the upper part of the dipping cover (3-2) is provided with a hollow connecting pipe (3-2-2), and the connecting pipe is detachably connected with the cantilever (3-1); the lower part of the dipping cover (3-2) is of a hollow conical shell structure, and the dipping cover (3-2) comprises a metal outer shell, a heat insulation layer and a metal inner shell from outside to inside.
2. The wire feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cantilever (3-1) is a hollow steel casing.
3. The wire feeding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner height of the conical shell is 200-1000mm, and the diameter of the circle at the bottom of the conical shell is 200-800 mm.
4. The wire feeding device of claim 1, wherein the material of the heat insulation layer is magnesium-based or aluminum-based castable.
5. The wire feeding device of claim 4, wherein the thickness of the metal outer shell is 15-25mm, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 45-55mm, and the thickness of the metal inner shell is 10-20 mm.
6. The wire feeding device according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising a working platform (2) and a ladle (4); the working platform (2) is used for placing the wire feeding machine (1).
7. A method for feeding wire for ladle refining, characterized in that the wire feeding device of any one of claims 1 to 6 is used, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: bottom blowing argon at the bottom of the steel ladle, wherein the bottom blowing flow is Q1Forming a stable slag hole on the slag surface of the steel ladle;
step 2: the wire feeding machine is moved transversely to move the dipping hood right above the slag hole to improve the bottom argon blowing flowAmount to Q2
And step 3: longitudinally moving the wire feeding machine, immersing the dipping hood below molten steel at the slag hole, and reducing the flow of bottom-blown argon to Q3
And 4, step 4: moving the wire feeding machine transversely, and moving the dipping hood to a position where the stream opposite to the slag hole descends;
and 5: starting the wire feeding device to feed wires;
step 6: after the wire feeding is finished, the wire feeding machine is moved longitudinally, and the dipping cover is lifted to the upper part of the steel ladle edge; moving the wire feeding machine transversely to move the dipping cover away from the upper part of the ladle;
and (6) before the dipping cover is moved away from the upper part of the steel ladle, the air exhaust fan is started to remove dust of the flue gas in the dipping cover by a smoke dust collector, and then the waste gas is discharged into an external dust removal pipeline.
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CN111394540A (en) * 2020-04-13 2020-07-10 南京钢铁股份有限公司 CAS furnace wire feeding machine and manufacturing method thereof
CN111842819A (en) * 2020-08-26 2020-10-30 安徽林洪重工科技有限公司 Ingot mold casting device based on flow field control and using method thereof
CN112210640B (en) * 2020-09-10 2022-05-20 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 Refining wire feeder
CN113736953B (en) * 2021-09-26 2022-07-22 华北理工大学 Production equipment and method for welding microalloy steel by high heat input
CN115161431B (en) * 2022-07-22 2023-12-15 北京科技大学 Ladle wire feeding process with double-layer air curtain protection
CN115161433B (en) * 2022-07-22 2023-12-15 北京科技大学 Ladle wire feeding device with double-layer air curtain protection

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