CN107245544B - Rotary powder injection device for ladle slag modification and modification method - Google Patents
Rotary powder injection device for ladle slag modification and modification method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0037—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
Abstract
The invention provides a rotary powder spraying device for ladle slag modification and a modification method, wherein the rotary powder spraying device comprises a lifting device, an anti-splashing device, a feeding system, a spraying system, a rotating device and a powder spraying gun; the powder gun is an inverted T-shaped hollow tube, the rotating device comprises a rotating joint and a motor, the rotating joint is integrally of a three-way structure, an internal bearing is connected with the upper end of a hollow shaft in the motor, the rotating joint is respectively communicated with a pipeline in the horizontal direction, and the lower end of the hollow shaft is connected with the upper end of the powder gun through a flange; the anti-splashing device is a cylinder with a small upper part and a large lower part, the rotating device is positioned in the anti-splashing device, and the pipeline penetrates through the anti-splashing device and is respectively communicated with the feeding system and the blowing system through a metal hose; the anti-splashing device is connected with the lifting device, and flux in the feeding system and carrier gas in the blowing system are blown into the powder gun through the rotating device to realize rotary powder spraying; the powder is more uniformly spread between the molten steel surface and the ladle slag through rotary blowing, so that the pollution of the ladle slag on the molten steel is completely avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel making, and particularly relates to a modification method of rotary blowing powder steel ladle slag.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing requirements of users on the quality of steel, low-sulfur and low-oxygen steel such as high-quality pipeline steel, container steel, acid-resistant steel, first-level automobile panels, bearing steel, high-speed steel rails and the like has more strict requirements on the sulfur content or the total oxygen content in the steel, and the total oxygen content in the steel is required to be lower than 0.0020 percent or even lower. The number and size requirements of inclusions in steels vary from application to application, and therefore, in order to reduce the adverse effect of oxide inclusions on the quality of the steel, the inclusion content in the steel must be reduced.
In the production of clean steel, the cleanliness of molten steel needs to be improved, and the quantity and the form of non-metallic inclusions in the steel need to be controlled. Different steel grades have different requirements on the purity of steel and the sensitivity of inclusions, in the refining treatment process of molten steel, metal aluminum is adopted for forced deoxidation, the total oxygen content in the molten steel is very low, but ferrous oxide and manganese oxide can not be avoided in ladle slag, the oxides are extremely unstable, particularly when IF steel for automobile plates is smelted, because the carbon and silicon content in the steel is extremely low, the oxidability in the ladle slag is higher, even the ferrous oxide and the manganese oxide content in some ladle slag reach more than 10%, acid-soluble aluminum in the molten steel can contact with the ladle slag to react when in on-machine continuous casting, and the reaction formula is as follows:
[Als]+(FeO)＝Fe+(Al2O3) (1)
[Als]+(MnO)＝Mn+(Al2O3) (2)
the secondary oxidation of molten steel is caused, the alloy element aluminum in the molten steel is lost on one hand, a large amount of aluminum oxide inclusions are generated on the other hand, in the continuous casting process, the aluminum oxide in the steel is very easy to adhere to a continuous casting water gap, the water gap blocking phenomenon is caused in the continuous casting process, the continuous casting production is influenced to be smoothly carried out, the pulling speed is unstable in the continuous casting process, if floc falls off in the casting process, large-particle inclusions can be formed in the casting blank, and the product quality is caused to have problems and generate waste products. When the flocculation flow is serious, the continuous casting is interrupted, and the molten steel is forced to be thermally recovered, so that great economic loss is caused.
If the modifying material is added into RH vacuum refining equipment, the small particle powder in the modifying material can be pumped away by vacuum, which affects the vacuum treatment process of the equipment on one hand and causes bad effect on the vacuum system on the other hand. If the modification is carried out in CAS-OB and other refining equipment, the added modification material only can play a role of mixing with the ladle slag, and has a limited role of inhibiting the influence of the ladle slag on molten steel.
After the molten steel is refined, it is very important to reduce the secondary pollution of the ladle slag to the molten steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems and the defects and provides a rotary powder spraying device and a rotary powder spraying method for ladle slag modification. Meanwhile, the powder sprayed can adsorb impurities in the molten steel.
According to the invention, ladle slag modification is carried out in a rotary powder blowing mode, an isolation zone is formed between the ladle slag and the molten steel, the influence of the ladle slag on the molten steel is thoroughly eliminated, the effect of avoiding secondary oxidation of the molten steel by the ladle slag is achieved, the cleanliness of the molten steel is obviously improved, and series problems such as continuous casting flocculation flow and the like can be completely prevented. The produced steel can completely meet the use requirements of users, and the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a rotary powder spraying device for ladle slag modification comprises a lifting device, an anti-splashing device, a feeding system, a spraying system, a rotating device and a powder spraying gun; the powder gun is an inverted T-shaped hollow tube, two ends of the tube head are provided with spray holes, and the outside of the tube head is wrapped with refractory materials; the rotary device comprises a rotary joint and a motor with a hollow shaft inside, the rotary joint is of a three-way structure integrally, an internal bearing is connected with the upper end of the hollow shaft inside the motor, the rotary joint is respectively communicated with a pipeline in the horizontal direction, and the lower end of the hollow shaft is connected with the upper end of the powder gun through a flange; the anti-splashing device is a cylinder with a small upper part and a large lower part, the rotating device is positioned in the anti-splashing device, the pipeline penetrates through the anti-splashing device and is respectively communicated with the feeding system and the blowing system through a metal hose, and the lower surface of the anti-splashing device is covered with a layer of refractory material; the anti-splashing device is connected with the lifting device, and the anti-splashing device, the rotating device and the powder gun can move up and down along with the lifting device; the flux in the feeding system and the carrier gas in the blowing system are blown into the powder gun through the rotating device to realize rotary powder spraying; the lifting device comprises a support, a lifter and a supporting arm, the support is connected with the anti-splashing device, and the support is connected with the lifter through the supporting arm.
The diameter of the lower surface of the splash-proof device is 110-130% of the outer diameter of the tank opening.
The diameter of the transverse steel pipe of the powder gun is 2/3-4/5 of the diameter of the longitudinal steel pipe; the length of the external refractory material is 1/2-2/3 of the total length of the powder spray gun.
A method for modifying ladle slag by using a rotary powder spraying device comprises the steps of refining molten steel to ensure that the molten steel is completely deoxidized and alloyed, wherein the temperature of the molten steel is 1580-1610 ℃, the oxygen activity is not more than 0.0004%, then entering a blowing treatment station, sitting a molten steel tank on a molten steel tank car, starting a blowing system and a feeding system, and controlling the pressure of blowing gas to be 0.4-0.6 MPa and the gas flow to be 6-10Nm3Lowering the powder spraying gun into molten steel by using a lifter, starting a rotating device at the same time, enabling the rotating speed of the powder spraying gun in the molten steel to be 30-50 r/min, carrying out rotary spraying for 3-5 min, stopping rotating, lifting the powder spraying gun to a position above the molten steel surface by using the lifter, stopping spraying, and spraying 0.55-0.70kg of powder per ton of steel. The sprayed powder forms an isolating layer 8 between the ladle slag 9 and the molten steel to prevent the redox reaction between the ladle slag 9 and the molten steel, and the sprayed powder and gas play a role in carrying impurities formed in the molten steel, thereby being beneficial to the floating of the impurities in the steel and playing a role in purifying the molten steel.
The granularity of the powder is as follows: 100-200 meshes, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65-75% CaO, 5-10% MgO, 5-10% Al2O3And the balance of inevitable impurities.
The powder spraying gun is inserted into molten steel, and a rotating mode is adopted, so that the sprayed powder can be rapidly and uniformly distributed on the surface of the molten steel, the uneven thickness after spreading can be avoided, and the defect that the powder generated by a bottom blowing powder spraying mode is gathered at certain positions in a ladle can be avoided. By adopting the blowing mode of the invention, the isolation of the ladle slag and the molten steel is really realized, the influence of oxides such as ferrous oxide, manganese oxide and the like in the ladle slag on the molten steel can be obviously reduced, the loss of acid-soluble aluminum in the molten steel caused by the ladle slag is reduced, the inclusion in the molten steel is reduced, the impurity in the steel is reduced, and the phenomenon of water flocculation in the continuous casting process is avoided.
The modification method of the rotationally-blown powder ladle slag provided by the invention has the advantages that the isolation layer is rapidly and uniformly generated between the ladle slag and the molten steel, the pollution problem of the ladle slag on the clean molten steel is well solved, the molten steel is greatly protected from being polluted by the ladle slag, and the sprayed powder and gas have a function of wrapping and carrying impurities formed in the molten steel, so that the impurities in the steel can float upwards and are adsorbed on the isolation layer, and the function of purifying the molten steel is realized. The average value of the total oxygen content of the casting blank is reduced from 0.0021% to 0.0012%, the cleanliness of the steel is obviously improved, and the grade of the product is improved. The average value of the adding (spraying) amount of the powder is reduced to 0.61kg of the new process from 2.09kg before the new process is adopted, so that a large amount of raw materials are saved, the production cost is reduced, and the temperature drop caused by adding the powder is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotary powder injection device for ladle slag modification according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-a scaffold; 2-anti-splashing device; 3-a feeding system; 4-a rotating device; 5-the ladle; 6-ladle car; 7-powder gun; 8-an isolation layer; 9-ladle slag; 10-a blowing system; 11-a lifter; 12-a support arm; 13-a rotary joint; 14-a motor; 15-hollow shaft; 16-flange.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a rotary powder spraying device for ladle slag modification comprises a lifting device, an anti-splashing device 2, a feeding system 3, a spraying system 10, a rotating device 4 and a powder spraying gun 7, wherein the powder spraying gun 7 is an inverted T-shaped hollow tube, two ends of the tube head are provided with spray holes, and the exterior of the tube head is wrapped with refractory materials; the rotating device 4 comprises a rotating joint 13 and a motor 14 with a hollow shaft inside, the rotating joint 13 is of a three-way structure integrally, an internal bearing is connected with the upper end of the hollow shaft 15 in the motor, the rotating joint 13 is respectively communicated with a pipeline in the horizontal direction, and the lower end of the hollow shaft 15 is connected with the upper end of the powder gun 7 through a flange 16; the anti-splashing device 2 is a cylinder with a small upper part and a large lower part, the rotating device 4 is positioned in the anti-splashing device 2, the pipeline penetrates through the anti-splashing device 2 and is respectively communicated with the feeding system 3 and the blowing system 10 through metal hoses, and the lower surface of the anti-splashing device 2 is covered with a layer of refractory material; the anti-splashing device 2 is connected with the lifting device, and the anti-splashing device 2, the rotating device 4 and the powder gun 7 can move up and down along with the lifting device; the flux in the feeding system 3 and the carrier gas in the blowing system 10 are blown into the powder gun 7 through the rotating device 4 to realize rotary powder spraying; the lifting device comprises a support 1, a lifter 11 and a supporting arm 12, wherein the support 1 is connected with the anti-splashing device 2, and the support 1 is connected with the lifter 11 through the supporting arm 12. When the lifter 11 goes up and down, the support 1 is driven to go up and down by the support arm 12, and the anti-splashing device 2, the rotating device 4 and the powder gun 7 can move up and down along with the support 1.
The lifter 11 employs a hydraulic system as a driving force. The diameter of a transverse steel pipe of the wear-resistant seamless steel pipe is 2/3-4/5 of the diameter of a longitudinal steel pipe in the powder gun 7, and the outside of the powder gun 7 is wrapped with a refractory material, wherein the length of the refractory material is 1/2-2/3 of the total length of the powder gun; the central line of the powder gun 7 is consistent with the central lines of the rotating device 4 and the bracket 1. The anti-splashing device 2 is composed of two cylinders, the upper surface of the anti-splashing device is small, the lower surface of the anti-splashing device 2 is large, the diameter of the anti-splashing device 2 is designed according to the size of a molten steel tank opening, the diameter of the lower surface of the anti-splashing device is 110-130% of the outer diameter of the tank opening of the molten steel tank 5, and a layer of refractory material covers the lower surface of the anti-splashing device 2. The motor 14 is bolted in a layer below the splash guard 2. The feeding system 3 and the blowing system 10 blow the flux into the powder gun 7 through a metal hose and a fixed metal pipeline arranged on the anti-splashing device 2 by using carrier gas through a rotary joint 13 and a hollow shaft 15 on the rotary device 4. Meanwhile, the feeding system 3 and the blowing system 10 can realize automatic control and online adjustment.
When the rotating device 4 works, the outer part of the rotating joint 13 is kept still, a bearing in the rotating joint rotates along with the hollow shaft 15 under the driving of the motor 14, so that the powder spray gun 7 is driven to rotate, the flux is sprayed into molten metal through the powder spray gun 7 through the hollow shaft 15 in the motor 14, and the power and the size of the motor are determined according to the specific size and the weight of the powder spray gun 7.
As shown in FIG. 1, the diameter of the lower surface of the splash guard 2 is 120% of the outer diameter of the mouth of the molten steel ladle 5. Aiming at aluminum killed steel, under the condition of good molten steel deoxidation, a molten steel tank 5 is seated on a molten steel tank car 6, a blowing system 10 and a feeding system 3 are started, the pressure of blowing gas is 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the gas flow is 6-10Nm3And h, the feeding speed is 23-35 kg/min, the powder spraying gun 7 is lowered into molten steel by using the lifter 11, the gun lowering is stopped, the rotating device 4 is started at the same time, the rotating speed of the powder spraying gun in the molten steel is 30-50 r/min, the powder spraying gun is rotated and sprayed for 3-5 min, the rotation is stopped, the powder spraying gun 7 is lifted by using the lifter 11, the spraying is stopped after the powder spraying gun reaches the position above the molten steel surface, and the powder spraying amount of each ton of steel is 0.55-0.70 kg.
A 180-ton converter is adopted to carry out a test on a production site, 10 groups are carried out, wherein in comparative examples 1-2, refining equipment is RH, a modifier in comparative example 1 is added from a vacuum chamber, and the modifier in comparative example 2 is added to the surface of ladle slag after the RH breaks the vacuum; in comparative examples 3-4, CAS-OB is adopted as refining equipment, the modifier in comparative example 3 is added into the dipping cover from the storage bin, and the modifier in comparative example 4 is added into the surface of the steel ladle slag lifted by the dipping cover; the rest is the embodiment.
The ladle slag modifier composition for each set of tests is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 ladle slag modifier ingredient table%
| Examples of the invention | CaO | MgO | Al2O3 | Al |
| Comparative example 1 | 44 | / | 42 | 4 |
| Comparative example 2 | 50 | / | 25 | 8 |
| Comparative example 3 | 54 | / | 22 | 7 |
| Comparative example 4 | 52 | / | 25 | 8 |
| Example 5 | 66 | 5 | 9 | / |
| Example 6 | 73 | 8 | 8 | / |
| Example 7 | 69 | 9 | 6 | / |
| Example 8 | 74 | 6 | 8 | / |
| Example 9 | 70 | 7 | 7 | / |
| Example 10 | 67 | 8 | 5 | / |
The particle size of the powder of the embodiment 5-10 is as follows: 100 to 200 mesh.
The process parameters for each set of experiments are shown in table 2.
Table 2 experimental protocol process parameter control
And (3) producing the molten steel of the 10 furnaces into a casting blank in a continuous casting mode, and sampling the steel sample from the continuous casting blank. Then, the test was carried out, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 ingredient table of test blanks
| Element(s) | T[O]/％ | N/％ | Als/％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.0019 | 0.0025 | 0.030 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.0021 | 0.0027 | 0.028 |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.0023 | 0.0024 | 0.032 |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.0020 | 0.0025 | 0.029 |
| Example 5 | 0.0013 | 0.0028 | 0.034 |
| Example 6 | 0.0012 | 0.0024 | 0.034 |
| Example 7 | 0.0011 | 0.0026 | 0.030 |
| Example 8 | 0.0012 | 0.0029 | 0.028 |
| Example 9 | 0.0010 | 0.0023 | 0.032 |
| Example 10 | 0.0013 | 0.0026 | 0.029 |
As can be seen from Table 3, after the rotary blowing powder steel ladle slag is adopted for modification, the total oxygen content of the casting blank is obviously lower than that of a test furnace without adopting the process, the average value of the total oxygen content is reduced from 0.0021% to 0.0012%, and the obvious isolation effect is generated between the steel ladle slag and the molten steel through the rotary blowing powder, so that the molten steel is greatly protected from being polluted, the cleanliness of steel products is obviously improved, and the grade of the product is obviously improved.
Claims (3)
1. A modification method of a rotary powder injection device for ladle slag modification is characterized in that: the rotary powder spraying device comprises a lifting device, an anti-splashing device, a feeding system, a spraying system, a rotating device and a powder spraying gun; the powder gun is an inverted T-shaped hollow tube, two ends of the tube head are provided with spray holes, and the outside of the tube head is wrapped with refractory materials; the rotary device comprises a rotary joint and a motor with a hollow shaft inside, the rotary joint is of a three-way structure integrally, an internal bearing is connected with the upper end of the hollow shaft inside the motor, the rotary joint is respectively communicated with a pipeline in the horizontal direction, and the lower end of the hollow shaft is connected with the upper end of the powder gun through a flange; the anti-splashing device is a cylinder with a small upper part and a large lower part, the rotating device is positioned in the anti-splashing device, the pipeline penetrates through the anti-splashing device and is respectively communicated with the feeding system and the blowing system through a metal hose, and the lower surface of the anti-splashing device is covered with a layer of refractory material; the anti-splashing device is connected with the lifting device, and the anti-splashing device, the rotating device and the powder gun can move up and down along with the lifting device; the flux in the feeding system and the carrier gas in the blowing system are blown into the powder gun through the rotating device to realize rotary powder spraying; the lifting device comprises a support, a lifter and a supporting arm, the support is connected with the anti-splashing device, and the support is connected with the lifter through the supporting arm;
the modification method comprises the following steps: refining the molten steel to ensure that the molten steel is completely deoxidized and alloyed, the temperature of the molten steel is 1580-1610 ℃, the oxygen activity is not more than 0.0004 percent, then the molten steel enters a blowing treatment station, the molten steel tank is seated on a molten steel tank car, a blowing system and a feeding system are started, the pressure of blowing gas is 0.4-0.6 MPa, and the gas flow is 6-10Nm3Lowering a powder spraying gun into molten steel by using a lifter at a feeding speed of 23-35 kg/min, starting a rotating device at the same time, enabling the rotating speed of the powder spraying gun in the molten steel to be 30-50 r/min, carrying out rotary spraying for 3-5 min, stopping rotating, lifting the powder spraying gun to a position above the molten steel surface by using the lifter, stopping spraying, and spraying powder with the amount of 0.55-0.70kg per ton of steel; the granularity of the powder is as follows: 100-200 meshes, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65-75% CaO, 6-10% MgO, 6-10% Al2O3And the balance of inevitable impurities.
2. The method for modifying the ladle slag modifying rotary powder injection device according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the lower surface of the splash-proof device is 110-130% of the outer diameter of the tank opening.
3. The method for modifying the ladle slag modifying rotary powder injection device according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the transverse steel pipe of the powder gun is 2/3-4/5 of the diameter of the longitudinal steel pipe; the length of the external refractory material is 1/2-2/3 of the total length of the powder spray gun.
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| CN112143915B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-08-02 | 云南锡业股份有限公司冶炼分公司 | Tin refining nickel removing process and device |
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| KR102086130B1 (en) | 2017-01-03 | 2020-03-06 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Dissolution mixer |
| CN107267711B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2020-03-31 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Molten steel alloying device and method of rotary blowing powder |
| CN107267703A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-10-20 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | The dephosphorization of molten iron device and dephosphorization method of a kind of rotary blowing pulvis |
| CN114574658A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-06-03 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | By using CO2Method for blowing ladle top slag modifier |
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