CN108796172A - Improve the smelting process of heavy rail steel cleanness - Google Patents
Improve the smelting process of heavy rail steel cleanness Download PDFInfo
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- CN108796172A CN108796172A CN201810834438.8A CN201810834438A CN108796172A CN 108796172 A CN108796172 A CN 108796172A CN 201810834438 A CN201810834438 A CN 201810834438A CN 108796172 A CN108796172 A CN 108796172A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0056—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 using cored wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
- C21C7/0645—Agents used for dephosphorising or desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/076—Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of smelting processes improving heavy rail steel cleanness, belong to technical field of ferrous metallurgy.Present invention solves the technical problem that being that existing domestic heavy rail steel cleanness is difficult to meet the requirement of high-speed railway.The method of the present invention includes the following steps：Molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, LF refining, RH refinings and continuous casting, wherein Calcium treatment is carried out using the iron calcium line of 1~3m/t molten steel in LF refining step.The present invention can control P≤0.0060%, S≤0.0030%, O≤0.0010%, N≤0.0050% and H≤0.00015% in rail, P+S+O+N+H≤160ppm, all kinds of grading≤1.0 grade of field trash through the above steps.The method of the present invention significantly improves the cleanliness factor of Properties of Heavy Rail Steel, has certain social benefit, is worthy of popularization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of ferrous metallurgy, and in particular to a kind of smelting process improving heavy rail steel cleanness.
Background technology
Properties of Heavy Rail Steel is the chief component of railroad track, and in railway transport course, rail provides effectively branch to locomotive
Support and guiding, are subjected to the huge lateral pressure from wheel.Based on China's infrastructure growth requirement, railway transportation is just with fast
Violent speed development, and constantly tend to high speed, heavy loading.This undoubtedly proposes the quality of rail more harsh requirement.
When rail is contacted with wheel, the reciprocal and changeable load of locomotive winding is subject, cleanliness factor is to rail
Service life important, steel inclusion are to cause heavy rail internal injury, generate the main reason for endurance failure.It is mingled in steel
Object is to the successional inhibition of steel matrix so that steel are in rolling processing, heat treatment and during use and folder
Sundries detaches, and gap is caused to generate, and negative influence is generated to indexs such as steel mechanics performance, corrosion resistancies.For rail
Production, the series of influence factors such as deflection rolling, complicated heat treatment process, special stress condition and climatic environment
It is unfavorable to the grading of rail field trash.
With the fast development of China's high ferro and the speed-raising of heavy-rail railway, the demand of seamed high-speed steel rail is increasing, high-speed iron
Road is very high to fatigue behaviour requirement, and the cleanliness factor of Properties of Heavy Rail Steel can largely influence its fatigue behaviour, tired to improve
Labor performance needs the cleanliness factor for controlling Properties of Heavy Rail Steel.In general, cleanliness factor includes P+S+O+N+H and field trash.In this technology
Before exploitation, domestic heavy rail steel cleanness P+S+O+N+H≤200ppm, all kinds of grading≤1.5 grade of field trash.To meet high-speed railway
Requirement, further increase Cleanliness of Molten Steel, need develop P+S+O+N+H≤160ppm, all kinds of grading≤1.0 grade of field trash
High-speed rail production technology.
Patent CN104975130A disclose it is a kind of control heavy rail steel cleanness method, this method include converter smelting,
LF refining, RH application of vacuum and continuous casting, wherein using the essence of active lime, silicon carbide and quartz sand slag making in LF refining process
Refining, controls heavy rail steel continuous casting billet sulfur content≤0.006% being prepared, and it is 1.5~2.0 grades to obtain steel inclusion A classes, B
Class, C classes, D classes are 0.5 grade, it is difficult to meet the requirement of high-speed railway.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to existing domestic heavy rail steel cleanness to be difficult to meet high-speed railway P+S+O+N+H
≤ 160ppm, the requirement of all kinds of grading≤1.0 grade of field trash.
The present invention is to solve its technical problem the technical solution adopted is that providing a kind of smelting improving heavy rail steel cleanness
Smelting method, this method comprises the following steps：
A, molten iron pre-processes：Using active lime and deactivating magnesium powder as desulfurizing agent to desulfurizing iron, obtain S contents≤
0.003%, the desulfurized molten iron of P content≤0.080%；
B, converter smelting：Into converter be added step a desulfurized molten irons, be added active lime, quartz sand, dolomitic lime and
Sludge ball of steel smelting carries out converter smelting, while being blown with oxygen supply by lance, and P content≤0.003% is obtained after finishing blowing
Low nitrogen alloy is added in molten steel tapping process in molten steel；
C, LF refining：Molten steel obtained by step b is sent to LF ladle furnaces, the calcium carbide and 1 of 0.2~0.8kg/t molten steel is added
It is heated after the high alkalinity refining slag of~5kg/t molten steel, after refining 20~30min, 0.2~0.8kg/t molten steel is added into molten steel
Quartz sand, refine 5~10min after, into molten steel be added 1~3m/t molten steel iron calcium line, Argon processing after molten steel it is outbound；
D, RH is refined：After the completion of LF refining, molten steel is transferred to RH ladle furnaces and is vacuum-treated, low nitrogen alloy is added, very
After the completion of the reason of vacancy, Calcium treatment is carried out to molten steel, molten steel is outbound after Argon processing；
E, continuous casting：Continuous casting is carried out to molten steel obtained by step d.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step a, the dosage of the active lime is 4~
6kg/t molten iron；The dosage of deactivating magnesium powder is 1~3kg/t molten iron.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step a and b, the active lime contains
CaO90% or more, remaining is impurity；In step b, the dosage of the active lime is 15~20kg/t molten iron；The quartz sand
Dosage is 10~15kg/t molten iron, contains SiO295% or more, remaining is impurity；The dosage of the dolomitic lime is 10~15kg/t iron
Water, containing MgO30%~40%, CaO50%~60%, remaining is impurity；The sludge ball of steel smelting is by being returned in steelmaking converter flue gas
Receive the globular solids that obtained dirt mud is prepared；Its dosage is 2~3kg/t molten iron, containing CaO30%~40%, SiO210%
~20%, Fe10%~20%, remaining is impurity.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step b, in the molten steel tapping process, when going out
Low nitrogen alloy is added when being 1/2 or more in steel amount.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step b, in the converting process, oxygen rifle is blown
Rifle position control is refined in 1.5~2.5m.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step b, in the converting process, temperature control
At 1640~1670 DEG C.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step c and d, the LF and RH are refined at Argon
The flow of reason is 50~80NL/min, and the duration is 5~10min.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step c, the calcium carbide contains CaC295% with
On, remaining is impurity；The high alkalinity refining slag is containing CaO60%~70%, Al2O30~10%, SiO220%~30%, remaining
For impurity.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step c, the LF refining temperature be 1580~
1595℃。
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step d, the RH refining controllings vacuum degree≤
100Pa is vacuum-treated 15~20min.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step d, the RH refining temperatures be 1535~
1550℃。
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step d, the RH refining process Calcium treatment is
The iron calcium line of 3~5m/t molten steel is added into molten steel.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, the ingredient of the iron calcium line is calculated in mass percent
Include the Ca of 68% Fe and 30%, remaining is impurity；The specification of the iron calcium line is 200g/m；The iron calcium line it is a diameter of
10mm。
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, the low nitrogen of the converter smelting and RH refining additions
Nitrogen content≤0.01% of alloy.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, the low nitrogen alloy includes that nitrogen content is 0.005%
Ferrosilicon, nitrogen content be 0.003% silicomanganese, nitrogen content be 0.002% ferrosilicon, nitrogen content be 0.001% ferromanganese.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, Antaciron that the nitrogen content is 0.005%
Composition is calculated in mass percent as 75%Si, 24%Fe, 0.005%N, and remaining is impurity；The silicomanganese that the nitrogen content is 0.003%
The composition of alloy is calculated in mass percent as 28%Si, 70%Mn, 0.003%N, and remaining is impurity；The nitrogen content is 0.002%
The composition of Antaciron be calculated in mass percent as 75%Si, 24%Fe, 0.002%N, remaining is impurity；The nitrogen content is
The composition of 0.001% manganeisen is 75%Mn, 24%Fe, 0.001%N by percentage to the quality, and remaining is impurity.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, it is 0.005% that nitrogen content, which is added, in the smelting process
Antaciron amount be 10~15kg/t molten steel；The amount that the silicomangan that nitrogen content is 0.003% is added is 15~20kg/t
Molten steel；The amount that the Antaciron that nitrogen content is 0.002% is added in the RH refining process is 1~3kg/t molten steel；Nitrogen content is added
Amount for 0.001% manganeisen is 1~3kg/t molten steel.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step e, the casting process uses bloom
Continuous casting is produced into the generous continuous casting billet product that cross section is 250mm × 250mm or more.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The method of the present invention improves the cleanliness factor of Properties of Heavy Rail Steel, controls P+S+O+N+H≤160ppm in rail, and field trash is all kinds of
≤ 1.0 grades of grading, meets the requirement at present to seamed high-speed steel rail, directly enhances the fatigue behaviour and mechanical property of rail, be
The production of next-generation rail provides strong technical support, has significant social benefit.The method of the present invention can control weight
P≤0.0060%, S≤0.0030%, O≤0.0010%, N≤0.0050% and H≤0.00015% in rail steel, applicable P, S,
O, N and H individual elements have the steel grade that control requires.The present invention is lived molten steel oxygen using calcium carbide, high alkalinity refining slag and quartz sand
Degree control reduces the addition that iron calcium line is added in LF refining process Calcium treatment, the country is generally in LF within 0.0010%
The line feeding amount of refining process Calcium treatment is 1.5~2.5 times of the method for the present invention, and the reduction of iron calcium line addition is effectively saved
Cost reduces the line feeding time, while ensure that Cleanliness of Molten Steel is smoothed out with what is produced.The method of the present invention smelting process knot
When tapping after beam, low nitrogen alloy is added when tap is 1/2 or more and carries out deoxidation, nitrogen is inhibited to enter in molten steel, effectively controls
Nitrogen content in molten steel.
Specific implementation mode
Based on cleanliness factor P+S+O+N+H≤200ppm of existing domestic Properties of Heavy Rail Steel, all kinds of grading≤1.5 grade of field trash are difficult
To meet the requirement of high-speed railway, in order to find the method for improving heavy rail steel cleanness, inventor is provided by numerous studies
A method of heavy rail steel cleanness is improved, cleanliness factor P+S+O+N+H≤160ppm, all kinds of grading≤1.0 grade of field trash can be made.
The present invention provides a kind of methods improving heavy rail steel cleanness, and this method comprises the following steps：
A, molten iron pre-processes：Using active lime and deactivating magnesium powder as desulfurizing agent to desulfurizing iron, obtain S contents≤
0.003%, the desulfurized molten iron of P content≤0.080%；
B, converter smelting：Into converter be added step a desulfurized molten irons, be added active lime, quartz sand, dolomitic lime and
Sludge ball of steel smelting carries out converter smelting, while being blown with oxygen supply by lance, and P content≤0.003% is obtained after finishing blowing
Low nitrogen alloy is added in molten steel tapping process in molten steel；
C, LF refining：Molten steel obtained by step b is sent to LF ladle furnaces, the calcium carbide and 1 of 0.2~0.8kg/t molten steel is added
It is heated after the high alkalinity refining slag of~5kg/t molten steel, after refining 20~30min, 0.2~0.8kg/t molten steel is added into molten steel
Quartz sand, refine 5~10min after, into molten steel be added 1~3m/t molten steel iron calcium line, Argon processing after molten steel it is outbound；
D, RH is refined：After the completion of LF refining, molten steel is transferred to RH ladle furnaces and is vacuum-treated, low nitrogen alloy is added, very
After the completion of the reason of vacancy, Calcium treatment is carried out to molten steel, molten steel is outbound after Argon processing；
E, continuous casting：Continuous casting is carried out to molten steel obtained by step d.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step a, the dosage of the active lime is 4~
6kg/t molten iron；The dosage of deactivating magnesium powder is 1~3kg/t molten iron.Molten iron pretreatment is using inert gas by active lime powder and blunt
Change magnesium powder mixing, sprayed into molten iron using rotary desulfurization spray gun, the injection time is 15~30min, and desulfurization is obtained after the completion of injection
Molten iron afterwards, wherein S content≤0.003%, P content≤0.080%.Molten iron is to make steel general molten iron, iron before desulfurization in the present invention
Water S content ranges can also be implemented more than 0.012% 0.060%~0.120%, but can extend desulfurization time, shadow
Ring manufacturing schedule.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step a and b, the active lime contains
CaO90% or more, remaining is impurity；In step b, the dosage of the active lime is 15~20kg/t molten iron；The quartz sand
Dosage is 10~15kg/t molten iron, contains SiO295% or more, remaining is impurity；The dosage of the dolomitic lime is 10~15kg/t iron
Water, containing MgO30%~40%, CaO50%~60%, remaining is impurity；The sludge ball of steel smelting is by being returned in steelmaking converter flue gas
Receive the globular solids that obtained dirt mud is prepared；Its dosage is 2~3kg/t molten iron, containing CaO30%~40%, SiO210%
~20%, Fe10%~20%, remaining is impurity.Active lime, quartz sand, dolomitic lime and sludge ball of steel smelting be in batches in the present invention
Secondary addition is first separately added into active lime, quartz sand dolomitic lime and sludge ball of steel smelting, after slag melting, then is separately added into
Active lime, quartz sand dolomitic lime and sludge ball of steel smelting, it is multiple batches of to be added to whole additions.Active lime, quartz sand, Gao Mei
The slag making materials chemical composition of lime and sludge ball of steel smelting composition is uniform, stablizes, and slugging in advance can be played, when shortening smelting
Between, the effect of effective dephosphorization.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step b, the blowing rifle position of the oxygen rifle controls
In 1.5~2.5m.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step b, in the converting process, temperature control
At 1640~1670 DEG C.Temperature is not to be exceeded 1670 DEG C, and temperature is excessively high, is unfavorable for the progress of dephosphorisation reaction.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step b, in order to ensure lower nitrogen in molten steel
Content, in molten steel tapping process, be added when tap is 1/2 or more nitrogen content≤0.01% alloy be diffused deoxidation and
Molten steel alloying, it is ensured that tapping molten steel oxygen activity early period is higher, to inhibit nitrogen to enter molten steel.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step c, the calcium carbide contains CaC295% with
On, remaining is impurity；The high alkalinity refining slag is containing CaO60%~70%, Al2O30~10%, SiO220%~30%, remaining
For impurity.The purpose of addition calcium carbide and high alkalinity refining slag can equably reduce the oxidisability of slag in LF stoves, reduce it
Fusing point, the field trash being conducive in absorption molten steel, is diffused deoxidation, controls oxygen activity≤0.0015% in molten steel, is on the one hand
Control field trash prevents the elements such as Al, Si that casting process aoxidizes in molten steel；On the other hand it is to improve receiving for Ca
Rate, reduction iron calcium line are added after molten steel and are oxidized to CaO by the O in molten steel.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step c, during LF refining, in order to alloy
In a small amount of metallic aluminium for bringing into aoxidized after the dystectic brittleness Al of bulky grain that generates2O3Field trash becomes the calcium aluminium of low melting point
Hydrochlorate field trash effectively facilitates the floating of field trash, improves the cleanliness factor of molten steel, and the iron of 1~3m/t molten steel is added into ladle
Calcium line carries out Calcium treatment.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step c, during LF refining, in order to promote steel
The substance between chemical reaction, acceleration slag between slag transmits, conducive to the progress of deoxidation of molten steel and desulphurization reaction, Calcium treatment knot
With 50~80NL/min Argons, 5~10min in Shu Houxiang LF stoves.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step c, the LF refining temperature be 1580~
1595℃.LF refining can be with depth deoxidation, the cleanliness factor for desulfurization, reducing foreign substance in molten steel, improving molten steel.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step d, RH refining controllings vacuum degree≤
100Pa is vacuum-treated 15~20min.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step d, RH refining temperatures are 1535~1550
℃。
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step d, in order to make molten steel alloying, ensure steel
Water constituent meets target call, and molten steel, which enters after RH ladle furnaces are vacuum-treated 8min, is initially added into the low of nitrogen content≤0.0050%
Nitrogen alloy controls nitrogen content≤0.0050% in molten steel, controls oxygen activity≤0.0010% in molten steel.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step d, in order to ensure in molten steel remaining S with
Ca can be combined effectively, need have certain calcium content in molten steel, to avoid the formation of a large amount of MnS Large Inclusions, to ladle
The interior iron calcium line that 3~5m/t molten steel is added carries out Calcium treatment.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step d, in order to ensure that calcium can be evenly distributed on
With 5~10min of argon flow blowing argon gas of 50~80NL/min in molten steel.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, the ingredient of the iron calcium line is calculated in mass percent
Include the Ca of 68% Fe and 30%, remaining is impurity；The specification of the iron calcium line is 200g/m；The iron calcium line it is a diameter of
10mm。
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, the low nitrogen of the converter smelting and RH refining additions
Nitrogen content≤0.01% of alloy.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, the low nitrogen alloy includes that nitrogen content is 0.005%
Ferrosilicon, nitrogen content be 0.003% silicomanganese, nitrogen content be 0.002% ferrosilicon, nitrogen content be 0.001% ferromanganese.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, Antaciron that the nitrogen content is 0.005%
Composition is calculated in mass percent as 75%Si, 24%Fe, 0.005%N, and remaining is impurity；The silicomanganese that the nitrogen content is 0.003%
The composition of alloy is calculated in mass percent as 28%Si, 70%Mn, 0.003%N, and remaining is impurity；The nitrogen content is 0.002%
The composition of Antaciron be calculated in mass percent as 75%Si, 24%Fe, 0.002%N, remaining is impurity；The nitrogen content is
The composition of 0.001% manganeisen is 75%Mn, 24%Fe, 0.001%N by percentage to the quality, and remaining is impurity.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, it is 0.005% that nitrogen content, which is added, in the smelting process
Antaciron amount be 10~15kg/t molten steel；The amount that the silicomangan that nitrogen content is 0.003% is added is 15~20kg/t
Molten steel；The amount that the Antaciron that nitrogen content is 0.002% is added in the RH refining process is 1~3kg/t molten steel；Nitrogen content is added
Amount for 0.001% manganeisen is 1~3kg/t molten steel.
Wherein, in the smelting process of above-mentioned raising heavy rail steel cleanness, in step e, the casting process open pour before it is right
Tundish carries out Argon 5min~10min；Long nozzle is sealed using seal washer；Be produced into cross section be 250mm × 250mm with
On generous continuous casting billet product.
The present invention will be explained in detail by specific embodiment below.
Embodiment 1
Molten iron pre-processes：Using molten iron as raw material, using carrier gas by the blunt of the active lime of 4kg/t molten iron and 1kg/t molten iron
Change magnesium powder mixing, sprayed into molten iron using rotary desulfurization spray gun, the injection time is 15min, and low-sulfur molten iron, S are obtained after desulfurization
Content：0.001%, P content：0.075%.
Converter smelting：It is added desulfurized molten iron into converter, the active lime of 15kg/t molten iron, 10kg/t molten iron is added
The sludge ball of steel smelting of quartz sand, the dolomitic lime of 10kg/t molten iron and 2kg/t molten iron, single slag process are smelted, while with oxygen supply by lance
It blows, in 1.5~2.5m, converting process temperature is 1668 DEG C for the blowing rifle position control of oxygen rifle.By molten iron after smelting
Just it is smelt molten steel, P content 0.0025%.It taps after converter smelting, 10kg/t steel is added when tap is 1/2 or more
The silicomanganese that 15kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents are 0.003% is added in the ferrosilicon that water nitrogen content is 0.005%.
LF refining：The molten steel that converter smelting obtains is sent into LF stove ladles and is refined, before LF stove heats, into ladle
The high alkalinity refining slag of the calcium carbide and 1kg/t molten steel of 0.2kg/t molten steel is added, is heated to 1580 DEG C, after refining 20min, to
The quartz sand of 0.2kg/t molten steel is added in ladle, continues after refining 5min, the iron calcium line that 1m/t molten steel is added into ladle carries out
Calcium treatment, Calcium treatment terminate after into LF stoves with the flow Argon 5min of 80NL/min, molten steel is outbound.
RH is refined：After the completion of the refining of LF stoves, molten steel is transferred to RH stove ladles and is vacuum-treated, control vacuum degree is
70Pa, refining temperature are 1535 DEG C, and molten steel, which enters after RH ladle furnaces are vacuum-treated 8min, is initially added into 2.5kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents
For 0.002% ferrosilicon, the ferromanganese that 2.5kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents are 0.001% is added.After being vacuum-treated 18min, into ladle
The iron calcium line that 3m/t molten steel is added carries out Calcium treatment, is gone out with the flow blowing argon gas 5min of 80NL/min, molten steel after Calcium treatment
It stands.
Continuous casting：Molten steel is sent to continuous casting working procedure, is opened and is carried out Argon 5min to tundish before pouring；Long nozzle is close using seal washer
Envelope is produced into the generous continuous casting billet product that cross section is 280mm × 380mm.
By obtained continuous casting billet milling at 60kg/m rail, the rail P+S+O+N+H=0.0144% that is produced, wherein
P0.0060%, S 0.0030%, O 0.0010%, N 0.0043%, H 0.0001%.All kinds of gradings of field trash：A classes 1.0
Grade, B classes, C classes, D classes are 0 grade.
Embodiment 2
Molten iron pre-processes：Using molten iron as raw material, using carrier gas by the blunt of the active lime of 6kg/t molten iron and 3kg/t molten iron
Change magnesium powder mixing, sprayed into molten iron using rotary desulfurization spray gun, the injection time is 30min, and low-sulfur molten iron, S are obtained after desulfurization
Content：0.001%, P content：0.072%.
Converter smelting：It is added desulfurized molten iron into converter, the active lime of 20kg/t molten iron, 15kg/t molten iron is added
The sludge ball of steel smelting of quartz sand, the dolomitic lime of 15kg/t molten iron and 3kg/t molten iron, single slag process are smelted, while with oxygen supply by lance
It blows, in 1.5~2.5m, converting process temperature is 1658 DEG C for the blowing rifle position control of oxygen rifle.By molten iron after smelting
Just it is smelt molten steel, P content 0.0018%.It taps after converter smelting, 15kg/t steel is added when tap is 1/2 or more
The silicomanganese that 20kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents are 0.003% is added in the ferrosilicon that water nitrogen content is 0.005%.
LF refining：The molten steel that converter smelting obtains is sent into LF stove ladles and is refined, before LF stove heats, into ladle
The high alkalinity refining slag of the calcium carbide and 5kg/t molten steel of 0.8kg/t molten steel is added, is heated to 1595 DEG C, after refining 30min, to
The quartz sand of 0.8kg/t molten steel is added in ladle, continues after refining 10min, be added into ladle the iron calcium line of 3m/t molten steel into
Row Calcium treatment, Calcium treatment terminate after into LF stoves with the flow Argon 10min of 60NL/min, molten steel is outbound.
RH is refined：After the completion of the refining of LF stoves, molten steel is transferred to RH stove ladles and is vacuum-treated, control vacuum degree is
60Pa, refining temperature are 1550 DEG C, and molten steel, which enters after RH ladle furnaces are vacuum-treated 8min, to be initially added into 1kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents and be
The ferromanganese that 1kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents are 0.001% is added in 0.002% ferrosilicon.After being vacuum-treated 19min, it is added into ladle
The iron calcium line of 5m/t molten steel carries out Calcium treatment, and with the flow blowing argon gas 10min of 60NL/min after Calcium treatment, molten steel is outbound.
Continuous casting：Molten steel is sent to continuous casting working procedure, is opened and is carried out Argon 10min to tundish before pouring；Long nozzle uses seal washer
Sealing is produced into the generous continuous casting billet product that cross section is 280mm × 380mm.
By obtained continuous casting billet milling at 60kg/m rail, the rail P+S+O+N+H=0.01265% that is produced, wherein
P0.0050%, S 0.0030%, O 0.0006%, N 0.0040%, H 0.00005%.All kinds of gradings of field trash：A classes 0.5
Grade, B classes, C classes, D classes are 0 grade.
Embodiment 3
Molten iron pre-processes：Using molten iron as raw material, using carrier gas by the blunt of the active lime of 5kg/t molten iron and 2kg/t molten iron
Change magnesium powder mixing, sprayed into molten iron using rotary desulfurization spray gun, the injection time is 20min, and low-sulfur molten iron, S are obtained after desulfurization
Content：0.0006%, P content：0.074%.
Converter smelting：It is added desulfurized molten iron into converter, the active lime of 18kg/t molten iron, 13kg/t molten iron is added
The sludge ball of steel smelting of quartz sand, the dolomitic lime of 13kg/t molten iron and 2.5kg/t molten iron, single slag process is smelted, while being supplied with oxygen rifle
Oxygen blows, and in 1.5~2.5m, converting process temperature is 1658 DEG C for the blowing rifle position control of oxygen rifle.By iron after smelting
Water is just smelt molten steel, P content 0.0022%.It taps after converter smelting, 12kg/t is added when tap is 1/2 or more
The silicomanganese that 18kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents are 0.003% is added in the ferrosilicon that molten steel nitrogen content is 0.005%.
LF refining：The molten steel that converter smelting obtains is sent into LF stove ladles and is refined, before LF stove heats, into ladle
The high alkalinity refining slag of the calcium carbide and 3kg/t molten steel of 0.6kg/t molten steel is added, is heated to 1585 DEG C, after refining 25min, to
The quartz sand of 0.6kg/t molten steel is added in ladle, continues after refining 8min, the iron calcium line that 2m/t molten steel is added into ladle carries out
Calcium treatment, Calcium treatment terminate after into LF stoves with the flow Argon 8min of 50NL/min, molten steel is outbound.
RH is refined：After the completion of the refining of LF stoves, molten steel is transferred to RH stove ladles and is vacuum-treated, control vacuum degree is
70Pa, refining temperature are 1545 DEG C, and molten steel, which enters after RH ladle furnaces are vacuum-treated 8min, to be initially added into 2kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents and be
The ferromanganese that 2kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents are 0.001% is added in 0.002% ferrosilicon.After being vacuum-treated 18min, it is added into ladle
The iron calcium line of 4m/t molten steel carries out Calcium treatment, and with the flow blowing argon gas 8min of 50NL/min after Calcium treatment, molten steel is outbound.
Continuous casting：Molten steel is sent to continuous casting working procedure, is opened and is carried out Argon 8min to tundish before pouring；Long nozzle is close using seal washer
Envelope is produced into the generous continuous casting billet product that cross section is 280mm × 380mm.
By obtained continuous casting billet milling at 60kg/m rail, the rail P+S+O+N+H=0.01318% that is produced, wherein
P0.0060%, S 0.0020%, O 0.0008%, N 0.0043%, H 0.00008%.All kinds of gradings of field trash：A classes 0.5
Grade, B classes, C classes, D classes are 0 grade.
Comparative example 1
Molten iron pre-processes：Using molten iron as raw material, using carrier gas by the blunt of the active lime of 4kg/t molten iron and 1kg/t molten iron
Change magnesium powder mixing, sprayed into molten iron using rotary desulfurization spray gun, the injection time is 15min, and low-sulfur molten iron, S are obtained after desulfurization
Content：0.001%, P content：0.074%.
Converter smelting：It is added desulfurized molten iron into converter, the active lime of 15kg/t molten iron, 10kg/t molten iron is added
The sludge ball of steel smelting of quartz sand, the dolomitic lime of 10kg/t molten iron and 2kg/t molten iron, single slag process are smelted, while with oxygen supply by lance
It blows, in 1.5~2.5m, converting process temperature is 1668 DEG C for the blowing rifle position control of oxygen rifle.By molten iron after smelting
Just it is smelt molten steel, P content 0.0025%.It taps after converter smelting, 12kg/t steel is added when tap is 1/2 or more
The silicomanganese that 12kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents are 0.003% is added in the ferrosilicon that water nitrogen content is 0.005%.
LF refining：The molten steel that converter smelting obtains is sent into LF stove ladles and is refined, before LF stove heats, into ladle
The high alkalinity refining slag of the calcium carbide and 1kg/t molten steel of 0.2kg/t molten steel is added, is heated to 1585 DEG C, after refining 25min, to
The quartz sand of 0.2kg/t molten steel is added in ladle, continues after refining 5min, molten steel is outbound.
RH is refined：After the completion of the refining of LF stoves, molten steel is transferred to RH stove ladles and is vacuum-treated, control vacuum degree is
70Pa, refining temperature are 1545 DEG C, and molten steel, which enters after RH ladle furnaces are vacuum-treated 8min, to be initially added into 2kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents and be
The ferromanganese that 2kg/t molten steel nitrogen contents are 0.001% is added in 0.002% ferrosilicon.After being vacuum-treated 18min, it is added into ladle
The iron calcium line of 3m/t molten steel carries out Calcium treatment, and with the flow blowing argon gas 5min of 50NL/min after Calcium treatment, molten steel is outbound.
Continuous casting：Molten steel is sent to continuous casting working procedure, is opened and is carried out Argon 5min to tundish before pouring；Long nozzle is close using seal washer
Envelope is produced into the generous continuous casting billet product that cross section is 280mm × 380mm.
By obtained continuous casting billet milling at 60kg/m rail, the rail P+S+O+N+H=0.0144% that is produced, wherein
P0.0060%, S 0.0030%, O 0.0010%, N 0.0043%, H 0.0001%.All kinds of gradings of field trash：A classes 1.5
Grade, B classes 1.0, C classes, D classes are 0 grade.
By Examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 it is found that the method for the present invention makes P+ by the control to P, S, O, N and H in molten steel
S+O+N+H≤160ppm, all kinds of grading≤1.0 grade of field trash, significantly improves heavy rail steel cleanness, and there is significant society to imitate
Benefit is worthy of popularization.
Claims (10)
1. improving the smelting process of heavy rail steel cleanness, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
A, molten iron pre-processes：Using active lime and deactivating magnesium powder as desulfurizing agent to desulfurizing iron, S content≤0.003% is obtained,
The desulfurized molten iron of P content≤0.080%；
B, converter smelting：Step a desulfurized molten irons are added into converter, active lime, quartz sand, dolomitic lime and steel-making is added
Sludge ball carries out converter smelting, while being blown with oxygen supply by lance, and the molten steel of P content≤0.003% is obtained after finishing blowing,
Low nitrogen alloy is added in molten steel tapping process；
C, LF refining：Molten steel obtained by step b is sent the calcium carbide that 0.2~0.8kg/t molten steel is added to LF ladle furnaces and 1~
It is heated after the high alkalinity refining slag of 5kg/t molten steel, after refining 20~30min, 0.2~0.8kg/t molten steel is added into molten steel
Quartz sand after refining 5~10min, the iron calcium line of 1~3m/t molten steel is added into molten steel, molten steel is outbound after Argon processing；
D, RH is refined：After the completion of LF refining, molten steel is transferred to RH ladle furnaces and is vacuum-treated, be added low nitrogen alloy, at vacuum
After the completion of reason, Calcium treatment is carried out to molten steel, molten steel is outbound after Argon processing；
E, continuous casting：Continuous casting is carried out to molten steel obtained by step d；
The sludge ball of steel smelting is the globular solids being prepared by the dirt mud recycled in steelmaking converter flue gas.
2. the smelting process according to claim 1 for improving heavy rail steel cleanness, it is characterised in that：In step a, the work
Property lime dosage be 4~6kg/t molten iron；The dosage of deactivating magnesium powder is 1~3kg/t molten iron.
3. the smelting process according to claim 1 or 2 for improving heavy rail steel cleanness, it is characterised in that：In step b, institute
The dosage for stating active lime is 15~20kg/t molten iron；The dosage of the quartz sand is 10~15kg/t molten iron；The high magnesite
The dosage of ash is 10~15kg/t molten iron；The dosage of the sludge ball of steel smelting is 2~3kg/t molten iron.
4. improving the smelting process of heavy rail steel cleanness according to claims 1 to 3 any one of them, it is characterised in that：Step b
In the molten steel tapping process, low nitrogen alloy is added when tap is 1/2 or more.
5. improving the smelting process of heavy rail steel cleanness according to Claims 1 to 4 any one of them, it is characterised in that：Step b
In the converting process, the blowing rifle position of oxygen rifle is controlled in 1.5~2.5m.
6. improving the smelting process of heavy rail steel cleanness according to Claims 1 to 5 any one of them, it is characterised in that：Step c
In d, the flow of the LF and RH refining Argon processing is 50~80NL/min, and the duration is 5~10min.
7. improving the smelting process of heavy rail steel cleanness according to claim 1~6 any one of them, it is characterised in that：Step d
In, the RH refining controllings vacuum degree≤100Pa is vacuum-treated 15~20min.
8. improving the smelting process of heavy rail steel cleanness according to claim 1~7 any one of them, it is characterised in that：Step d
In, the RH refining process Calcium treatment is the iron calcium line that 3~5m/t molten steel is added into molten steel.
9. the method for improving heavy rail steel cleanness according to claim 1~8 any one of them, it is characterised in that：Step b and d
In, nitrogen content≤0.01% of the low nitrogen alloy of the converter smelting and RH refining additions.
10. the method for improving heavy rail steel cleanness according to claim 1~9 any one of them, it is characterised in that：In step e,
The casting process uses bloom continuous casting, is produced into the generous continuous casting billet product that cross section is 250mm × 250mm or more.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110629104A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-31 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Smelting method for stably controlling temperature of U75V tundish of heavy rail steel |
| CN111378810A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-07 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Refining process for reducing size and number of non-metallic inclusions in steel |
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| CN1824816A (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-30 | 宝钢集团上海梅山有限公司 | Steel for extended automobile crossbeam and mfg, method thereof |
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| CN111378810A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-07 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Refining process for reducing size and number of non-metallic inclusions in steel |
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