CN110181872B - 一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110181872B CN110181872B CN201910414617.0A CN201910414617A CN110181872B CN 110181872 B CN110181872 B CN 110181872B CN 201910414617 A CN201910414617 A CN 201910414617A CN 110181872 B CN110181872 B CN 110181872B
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- polypropylene
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Abstract
本发明属于排水管材技术领域,公开了一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管及其制备方法,包括内层、中层和外层,按质量份数所述内层包括聚丙烯100‑110份、抗冲剂5‑8份、防霉剂1‑2份;所述中层包括改性聚丙烯100‑125份、微孔剂8‑10份、复合稳定剂0.5‑1.0份、抗氧剂0.5‑0.8份、增韧剂1‑2份、偶联剂3‑4份,所述改性聚丙烯为石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物,再与氧化锌复合的复合物;所述外层包括聚丙烯100‑110份、滑石粉5‑7份、偶联剂2‑3份、抗氧剂1‑2份、防霉剂2‑3份、润滑剂0.3‑0.5份。本发明能够能够显著的提升目前渗透管的环刚度,增大渗透管的开孔率,更多的满足城市渗透排水管网和绿地建设。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及排水管材技术领域,尤其涉及一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管及其制备方法。
背景技术
海绵城市,是新一代城市雨洪管理概念,也可称之为“水弹性城市”,是指城市在适应环境变化和应对雨水带来的自然灾害等方面具有良好的“弹性”。
随着海绵城市行业的大力发展,出现了结合海绵城市专用的排水和集水管道。该排水管道按结构形式包括结构壁管、实壁管和纤维增强复合管等,具有耐腐蚀、重量轻、易施工安装等特点。其中,实壁管以聚乙烯或聚丙烯等为原料,通过挤出成型实壁管材,适用于无压埋地排水工程。而也有通过实壁管和结构壁管通过专用设备,在管材圆周上开出多排窄条形渗水孔制成,可以通过控制开孔率,满足不同环刚度和渗透率要求。在管外包土工布,既能起到渗透水作用,又能避免泥沙进入管道造成堵塞。
上述的排水管是在现有排水管道产品的基础上进行改善后制作而成,因为其本身管材的环刚度就较低,一般只能达到SN8~SN16,如果用作渗透管,其开孔率最大也只能达到5%,并不能满足大多城市渗透排水管网和绿地建设。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的是提供一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管及其制备方法,能够显著的提升目前渗透管的环刚度,增大渗透管的开孔率,更多地满足城市渗透排水管网和绿地建设。
本发明通过以下技术手段解决上述技术问题:
一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管,包括内层、中层和外层,所述内层按质量份数包括聚丙烯100-110份、抗冲剂5-8份、防霉剂1-2份;
所述中层包括以下质量份数的原料:改性聚丙烯100-125份、微孔剂8-10份、复合稳定剂0.5-1.0份、抗氧剂0.5-0.8份、增韧剂1-2份、偶联剂3-4份,所述改性聚丙烯为石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物,再与氧化锌复合的复合物;
所述外层包括以下质量份数的原料:聚丙烯100-110份、滑石粉5-7份、偶联剂2-3份、抗氧剂1-2份、防霉剂2-3份、润滑剂0.3-0.5份。
进一步,所述按质量份数内层包括聚丙烯105份、抗冲剂6.5份、防霉剂1.5份;所述中层包括改性聚丙烯112.5份、微孔剂9份、复合稳定剂0.75份、抗氧剂0.65份、增韧剂1.5份、偶联剂3.5份;所述外层包括聚丙烯105份、滑石粉6份、偶联剂2.5份、抗氧剂1.5份、防霉剂1.5份、润滑剂0.4份。
进一步,所述抗冲剂为MBS树脂,所述防霉剂为硫酸铜,所述抗氧剂为[β-(3,5-二叔丁基4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯,所述增韧剂为氯化聚乙烯,所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂,所述润滑剂为脂肪酸酰胺。
进一步,所述复合稳定剂为钡锌稳定剂和硬脂酸钙的混合物,所述钡锌稳定剂与硬脂酸钙的质量比为6-7:3-4。
进一步,所述微孔剂为短棒状中空介孔二氧化硅。
进一步,所述内层、中层、外层的厚度比为1.5:7:1.5。
进一步,所述海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A1、将内层、中层和外层材料分别按所述比例熔融,混合均匀,内层和外层熔融温度控制在180-200℃,中层的熔融温度控制在200-215℃;
A2、将步骤A1得到的内层、中层和外层的熔融料使用三层共挤装置复合成型,复合成型时,模具温度控制在170-190℃,模芯温度控制在100-120℃,内层和外层螺杆转速控制在25-30r/min,熔体压力控制在10-18Mpa,中层螺杆转速控制在65-85r/min,熔体压力控制在15-25MPa之间,将内层、中层和外层的厚度比例控制在1.5:7:1.5;
A3、将复合成型的渗透管使用28-35℃的冷却水进行冷却,得到渗透管。
进一步,所述改性聚丙烯的制备方法,包括以下步骤,
B1、按质量份数取石墨烯20-30份,加入20-30份质量分数98%的浓硫酸和3-5份的硝酸钠,搅拌均匀,再加入8-10份的高锰酸钾,在20-30r/min的搅拌下反应1-2h;
B2、加入80-90份去离子水,加热至85-95℃,继续搅拌反应0.5-1h,加入10-15份的35%质量浓度的双氧水,继续反应10-15min后得到氧化石墨烯溶液;
B3、在氧化石墨烯溶液中加入100-120份的聚丙烯、15-25份的丙二醇和2-5份的苯乙烯进行混合,在50-60r/min、190-220℃的温度下搅拌反应20-30min,搅拌中使用波长100nm-150nm的紫外线照射,照射过程中,采用照射5min后,停止照射3min为一个周期的反复照射,过滤、干燥并粉碎得到石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物;
B4、将石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物加入去离子水中超声波分散10-15min,再加入0.1mol/L的醋酸锌溶液100-120份搅拌20-30min,再加入100-120份、浓度为5%的氨水,随后反应1.5-2h,离心分离、洗涤、干燥,得到的棒状氧化锌-石墨烯-聚丙烯;
B5、将棒状氧化锌-石墨烯-聚丙烯加入尼龙球磨釜中,再加入40-50份的四针状氧化锌,随后加入50-60份的饱和聚乙二醇溶液,在多维摆动式纳米球磨机中于转速500rpm球磨8-10h,得到改性聚丙烯。
利用浓硫酸、硝酸钾和高锰酸钾和双氧水,在加热搅拌下,对石墨烯进行氧化处理,氧化后的石墨烯每一层上就会随机的引入若干的羟基和羧基,将氧化后的石墨烯与聚丙烯、丙二醇和苯乙烯在高温下进行反应,反应过程中,利用100nm-150nm波长的紫外线进行照射,照射过程中,聚丙烯可以部分降解,分子量减小,然后氧化石墨烯在紫外线的照射下部分还原,聚丙烯在190-220℃下熔融,在紫外线的照射下,聚丙烯链β部分断裂,接枝羟基,然后与石墨烯的羧基进行酯化反应,得到石墨烯改性的聚丙烯,而石墨烯为网状结构,聚丙烯接枝到网状的石墨烯上后,其强度和韧性均大大增加,在利用石墨烯改性聚丙烯后,首先利用棒状的氧化锌进行第一层的包覆,再利用四叶状的氧化锌进行第二层的包覆,使得改性聚丙烯具有更强的填充性,改性聚丙烯均匀完整的填充在整个渗透管中层的材料中,使得整个渗透管中层的强度大大增加在增大渗透管的开孔率的情况下,同样可以保持渗透管较高的环刚度,更多的满足城市渗透排水管网和绿地建设。
进一步,所述短棒状中空介孔二氧化硅的制备方法,包括以下步骤,取17.5份的正硅酸四乙酯,溶解于乙醚溶液中,再加入6份的聚乙二醇和4份的聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯,搅拌均匀后静置12-24小时,加热至100-120℃反应8-10h后,将产物抽滤干燥,在650℃煅烧2.5小时,制备得到短棒状中空介孔SiO2。短棒状中空介孔二氧化硅具有多孔性,制备的渗透管中层将具有许多微小的孔结构,使得本渗透管更具有吸水性,更加适合于海绵城市的管材需要。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明的渗透管采用三层结构,中层采用石墨烯改性的聚丙烯进行制备,使得聚丙烯接枝到高强度的石墨烯力学网状结构上,并利用棒状的氧化锌进行第一层的包覆,再利用四叶状的氧化锌进行第二层的包覆,使得改性聚丙烯具有更强的填充性,改性聚丙烯均匀完整的填充在整个渗透管中层的材料中,增大整个渗透管材料的强度和整个渗透管的环刚度,其开孔率可以达到普通实壁管的2倍以上,渗水率更高,可满足大多城市渗透排水管网和绿地建设;
2、本发明的管材整体密度为0.6-0.9g/cm3,重量更轻,节省材料15-35%,对壁厚较厚的管材节约材料可达到50%以上。
具体实施方式
实施例1
短棒状中空介孔二氧化硅的制备,进行如下的步骤:
取17.5kg的正硅酸四乙酯,溶解于25kg的无水乙醚中,再加入6kg聚乙二醇和4kg聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯,搅拌均匀后静置16小时,加热至100-120℃反应9h后,将产物抽滤干燥,在650℃煅烧2.5小时,制备得到短棒状中空介孔SiO2。
实施例2
改性聚丙烯的制备方法1,包括以下步骤:
取粒径100-200nm的石墨20kg,加入20kg质量分数98%的浓硫酸和3kg的硝酸钠,搅拌均匀,再加入8kg的高锰酸钾,在20r/min的搅拌下反应1h;
在上述的混合溶液中加入80kg的去离子水,加热至85℃,继续搅拌反应0.5h,再加入10kg的35%质量浓度的双氧水,继续反应10min后得到氧化石墨烯溶液;
将氧化石墨烯溶液中加入100kg的聚丙烯、15kg的丙二醇和2kg的苯乙烯进行混合,在50r/min、190℃的温度下搅拌反应20min,搅拌过程中使用波长100nm-150nm的紫外线照射,照射过程中,采用照射5min,停止照射3min的间隔照射,过滤、干燥并粉碎得到石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物;
将石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物加入200kg的去离子水中超声波分散10min,再加入0.1mol/L的醋酸锌溶液100kg搅拌20min,再加入100kg、浓度为5%的氨水,随后反应2h,离心分离、洗涤、干燥,得到的棒状氧化锌-石墨烯-聚丙烯;
将棒状氧化锌-石墨烯-聚丙烯加入尼龙球磨釜中,再加入40kg的四针状氧化锌,随后加入50kg的饱和聚乙二醇溶液,在多维摆动式纳米球磨机中于转速500rpm球磨8h,得到改性聚丙烯。
实施例3
改性聚丙烯的制备方法2,包括以下步骤:
取粒径100-200nm的石墨25kg,加入25kg质量分数98%的浓硫酸和4kg的硝酸钠,搅拌均匀,再加入9kg的高锰酸钾,在25r/min的搅拌下反应1.5h;
在上述的混合溶液中加入85kg的去离子水,加热至85-95℃,继续搅拌反应0.75h,再加入12.5kg的35%质量浓度的双氧水,继续反应13min后得到氧化石墨烯溶液;
将氧化石墨烯溶液中加入110kg的聚丙烯、20kg的丙二醇和3.5kg的苯乙烯进行混合,在55r/min、200℃的温度下搅拌反应25min,搅拌过程中使用波长100nm-150nm的紫外线照射,最后将反应物冷却,造粒,得到改性聚丙烯颗粒;照射过程中,采用照射5min,停止照射3min的间隔照射,过滤、干燥并粉碎得到石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物;
将石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物加入200kg的去离子水中超声波分散12min,再加入0.1mol/L的醋酸锌溶液110kg搅拌25min,再加入110kg、浓度为5%的氨水,随后反应1.75h,离心分离、洗涤、干燥,得到的棒状氧化锌-石墨烯-聚丙烯;
将棒状氧化锌-石墨烯-聚丙烯加入尼龙球磨釜中,再加入45kg的四针状氧化锌,随后加入55kg的饱和聚乙二醇溶液,在多维摆动式纳米球磨机中于转速500rpm球磨9h,得到改性聚丙烯。
实施例4
改性聚丙烯的制备方法3,包括以下步骤:
取粒径100-200nm的石墨30kg,加入30kg质量分数98%的浓硫酸和5kg的硝酸钠,搅拌均匀,再加入10kg的高锰酸钾,在30r/min的搅拌下反应2h;
在上述的混合溶液中加入90kg的去离子水,加热至95℃,继续搅拌反应1h,再加入15kg的35%质量浓度的双氧水,继续反应15min后得到氧化石墨烯溶液;
将氧化石墨烯溶液中加入120kg的聚丙烯、25kg的丙二醇和5kg的苯乙烯进行混合,在60r/min、220℃的温度下搅拌反应30min,搅拌过程中使用波长100nm-150nm的紫外线照射,最后将反应物冷却,造粒,得到改性聚丙烯颗粒;照射过程中,采用照射5min,停止照射3min的间隔照射,过滤、干燥并粉碎得到石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物;
将石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物加入200kg的去离子水中超声波分散15min,再加入0.1mol/L的醋酸锌溶液120kg搅拌30min,再加入120kg、浓度为5%的氨水,随后反应2h,离心分离、洗涤、干燥,得到的棒状氧化锌-石墨烯-聚丙烯;
将棒状氧化锌-石墨烯-聚丙烯加入尼龙球磨釜中,再加入50kg的四针状氧化锌,随后加入60kg的饱和聚乙二醇溶液,在多维摆动式纳米球磨机中于转速500rpm球磨10h,得到改性聚丙烯。
实施例5-实施例9
实施例5-实施例9分别采用表1中的配方,按照如下的制备方法分别制备渗透管:
将内层、中层和外层材料分别按表1中各实施例中的配方比例熔融,混合均匀,内层和外层熔融温度控制在180-200℃,优选190℃,中层的熔融温度控制在200-215℃,优选210℃,分别得到内层熔融料、中层熔融料和外层熔融料;
将步骤A1得到的内层熔融料、中层熔融料和外层熔融料使用三层共挤装置复合成型,复合成型时,模具温度控制在170-190℃(优选180℃),模芯温度控制在100-120℃(优选110℃),内层和外层螺杆转速控制在25-30r/min(优选27r/min),熔体压力控制在10-18Mpa(优选14Mpa),中层螺杆转速控制在65-85r/min(优选70r/min),熔体压力控制在15-25MPa(优选20Mpa)之间,挤出复合成型形成三层管材,且内层的厚度尺寸为1.5mm、中层和外层的厚度分别为:7mm:1.5mm;
将复合成型的渗透管使用28-35℃,优选32℃的冷却水进行冷却,得到渗透管,渗透管统一的生产直径为300mm。
表1实施例5-实施例9渗透管生产配方表
下面将实施例5-实施例9生产的实壁渗透管,进行如下所示的性能指标检测与对比,具体如表2所示:
表2实施例5-实施例9以及普通渗透管的性能指标表
从实施例5-实施例7相互之间的对比,可以看出,实施例5-实施例7在开孔率10%的情况下,其落锤冲击试验中三个均不破裂,并且在加荷至试样垂直方向变形量为原内径50%时,试样未出现裂缝或破裂,而采用实施例6的配方制备的渗透管,其环刚度最高。
从实施例5-实施例7与普通渗透管的对比实验数据可以看出,实施例5-实施例7制备的渗透管的在开孔率10%的情况下,其环刚度同样相比普通渗透管的环刚度更大,并且在落锤冲击试验和扁平试验中,均可以看出,实施例5-实施例7制备的渗透管具有更高的强度。
从实施例6与实施例8、实施例9对比,可以看出,采用实施例3中配方比例制备的改性聚丙烯,其加入到渗透管的生产中,其制备的渗透管的环刚度将更高。
从上述实施例中,可以看出,本发明中层采用石墨烯改性的聚丙烯进行制备,使得聚丙烯接枝到高强度的石墨烯力学网状结构上,并利用棒状的氧化锌进行第一层的包覆,再利用四叶状的氧化锌进行第二层的包覆,使得改性聚丙烯具有更强的填充性,改性聚丙烯均匀完整的填充在整个渗透管中层的材料中,增大整个渗透管材料的强度和整个渗透管的环刚度,其开孔率可以达到普通实壁管的2倍以上,渗水率更高,可满足大多城市渗透排水管网和绿地建设。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。本发明未详细描述的技术、形状、构造部分均为公知技术。
Claims (8)
1.一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管,其特征在于:包括内层、中层和外层,所述内层按质量份数包括聚丙烯100-110份、抗冲剂5-8份、防霉剂1-2份;
所述中层包括以下质量份数的原料:改性聚丙烯100-125份、微孔剂8-10份、复合稳定剂0.5-1.0份、抗氧剂0.5-0.8份、增韧剂1-2份、偶联剂3-4份,所述改性聚丙烯为石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物,再与氧化锌复合的复合物;
所述外层包括以下质量份数的原料:聚丙烯100-110份、滑石粉5-7份、偶联剂2-3份、抗氧剂1-2份、防霉剂2-3份、润滑剂0.3-0.5份;
所述改性聚丙烯的制备方法,包括以下步骤,
B1、按质量份数取石墨烯20-30份,加入20-30份质量分数98%的浓硫酸和3-5份的硝酸钠,搅拌均匀,再加入8-10份的高锰酸钾,在20-30r/min的搅拌下反应1-2h;
B2、加入80-90份去离子水,加热至85-95℃,继续搅拌反应0.5-1h,加入10-15份的35%质量浓度的双氧水,继续反应10-15min后得到氧化石墨烯溶液;
B3、在氧化石墨烯溶液中加入100-120份的聚丙烯、15-25份的丙二醇和2-5份的苯乙烯进行混合,在50-60r/min、190-220℃的温度下搅拌反应20-30min,搅拌中使用波长100nm-150nm的紫外线照射,照射过程中,采用照射5min后,停止照射3min为一个周期的反复照射,过滤、干燥并粉碎得到石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物;
B4、将石墨烯与聚丙烯的酯化反应物加入去离子水中超声波分散10-15min,再加入0.1mol/L的醋酸锌溶液100-120份搅拌20-30min,再加入100-120份、浓度为5%的氨水,随后反应1.5-2h,离心分离、洗涤、干燥,得到的棒状氧化锌-石墨烯-聚丙烯;
B5、将棒状氧化锌-石墨烯-聚丙烯加入尼龙球磨釜中,再加入40-50份的四针状氧化锌,随后加入50-60份的饱和聚乙二醇溶液,在多维摆动式纳米球磨机中于转速500rpm球磨8-10h,得到改性聚丙烯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管,其特征在于:按质量份数所述内层包括聚丙烯105份、抗冲剂6.5份、防霉剂1.5份;所述中层包括改性聚丙烯112.5份、微孔剂9份、复合稳定剂0.75份、抗氧剂0.65份、增韧剂1.5份、偶联剂3.5份;所述外层包括聚丙烯105份、滑石粉6份、偶联剂2.5份、抗氧剂1.5份、防霉剂1.5份、润滑剂0.4份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管,其特征在于:所述抗冲剂为MBS树脂,所述防霉剂为硫酸铜,所述抗氧剂为[β-(3,5-二叔丁基4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯,所述增韧剂为氯化聚乙烯,所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂,所述润滑剂为脂肪酸酰胺。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管,其特征在于:所述复合稳定剂为钡锌稳定剂和硬脂酸钙的混合物,所述钡锌稳定剂与硬脂酸钙的质量比为6-7:3-4。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管,其特征在于:所述微孔剂为短棒状中空介孔二氧化硅。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管,其特征在于:所述内层、中层、外层的厚度比为1.5:7:1.5。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
A1、将内层、中层和外层材料分别按所述比例熔融,混合均匀,内层和外层熔融温度控制在180-200℃,中层的熔融温度控制在200-215℃;
A2、将步骤A1得到的内层、中层和外层的熔融料使用三层共挤装置复合成型,复合成型时,模具温度控制在170-190℃,模芯温度控制在100-120℃,内层和外层螺杆转速控制在25-30r/min,熔体压力控制在10-18Mpa,中层螺杆转速控制在65-85r/min,熔体压力控制在15-25MPa;
A3、将复合成型的渗透管使用28-35℃的冷却水进行冷却,得到渗透管。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种海绵城市用聚丙烯实壁渗透管的制备方法,其特征在于:所述短棒状中空介孔二氧化硅的制备方法,包括以下步骤,按质量份数,取17.5份的正硅酸四乙酯,溶解于乙醚溶液中,再加入6份的聚乙二醇和4份的聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯-聚氧乙烯,搅拌均匀后静置16小时,加热至100-120℃反应9h后,将产物抽滤干燥,在650℃煅烧2.5小时,制备得到短棒状中空介孔SiO2。
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