CN110176662B - Broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to 5G working frequency band - Google Patents
Broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to 5G working frequency band Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110176662B CN110176662B CN201910476649.3A CN201910476649A CN110176662B CN 110176662 B CN110176662 B CN 110176662B CN 201910476649 A CN201910476649 A CN 201910476649A CN 110176662 B CN110176662 B CN 110176662B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- coupler
- layer
- broadband
- input
- double
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to a 5G working frequency band, which comprises 4 input/output ports, double-layer broadside coupling lines arranged on the sides of the 4 input/output ports and two sections of cascaded ring topological structures, wherein the two sections of cascaded ring topological structures comprise two ring structures realized by bent microstrip lines and 4 protruding microstrip lines, the double-layer broadside coupling lines and the protruding microstrip lines are positioned on different layers, and each input/output port is coupled with the protruding microstrip lines in an upper layer and a lower layer through the corresponding double-layer broadside coupling lines. The invention uses double-layer broadside coupling lines and impedance matching at each input/output port to enlarge the bandwidth, realizes the compactness of the whole coupler by adopting a method of cascading a bending microstrip line and two sections of ring topological structures, and obtains larger broadband characteristic optimization space by adopting double-layer broadside coupling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic devices, in particular to a broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to a 5G working frequency band.
Background
Fifth generation (5G) communications require transmission of broadband signals using frequencies below 6 GHz. Among the 5G new wireless communication technologies (NR) in the frequency range of 1(FR1), the most promising bands are N77(3.3-4.2GHz), N78(3.3-3.8GHz) and N79(4.4-5 GHz). Therefore, there is an increasing demand for components covering applications from 3.3 to 5 GHz. Research literature on 3.3-5GHz passive devices (filters or antennas) has been reported, but few have been reported on 180 ° couplers for frequencies of 3.3-5 GHz. A 180 ° coupler is used to split or combine the signals for the balanced mixer, balanced amplifier and antenna array feed network. It is well known that the 180 ° coupler, which is heavily used in transceivers, is one of the most challenging components in 5G communications. This is because conventional 180 ° couplers are relatively bandwidth limited and have 4 input/output ports, all with impedance matching requirements and phase requirements (0 ° or 180 °). Secondly, the conventional 180 ° coupler has a large area due to the transmission line rotation angle of 90 ° or 270 °, which is particularly serious in the low frequency band. Therefore, increasing bandwidth and shrinking size are the research hotspots for 5G N77, N78 and N79 band applications.
In the prior art, there are broadband compact 180 ° couplers using a novel CPW inverter, IEEE trans. micro. thermal tech, 2007, which increase bandwidth by using a 180 ° inverter, such as Mo T, Xue Q, Chan C h; page 161-167 at the 55 th stage; or increased bandwidth by a suspended line, e.g., Robert smolar, krzysztoff Wincza and slawmiri gruszzynski, large signal S parameter measurement of a suspended line broadband 180 ° coupler, in proc, 21 st international microwave conference, radar and wireless communication (MIKON), 2016; pages 1-3.
In the prior art, miniaturization is realized by adopting a slow-wave artificial transmission line, for example, Coromina, J., Selga, J., Vee lez, P., Bonache, J.and Marti i n, F, size reduction and harmonic suppression of a branch coupler are realized by adopting a capacitive load slow-wave transmission line, microwave and optical technology are communicated, and 2017 years are spent; page 59: 2822 and 2830; or the miniaturization is realized by substrate integrated waveguide, such as Hagag, Mohamed F., and Dimitrios Peroulis, a compact tunable filtering 180 degree coupler, InProc.IEEE/MTT-S International microwave workshop, 2018; page 1118-.
However, the increased bandwidth and size miniaturization of these methods require the passage of transitions, defective ground structures, bond wires or metal strips, resulting in complex manufacturing processes and low production yields. This is not stable for tolerance sensitive 5G device production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to a 5G working frequency band, wherein the bandwidth is increased by using a double-layer broadside coupling line and a two-section annular topological structure at each input/output port, the miniaturization of the two-section annular topological structure is realized by adopting a bending microstrip line method, and a larger broadband characteristic optimization space is obtained by adopting double-layer broadside coupling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the coupler comprises 4 input/output ports, double-layer broadside coupling lines arranged on the sides of the 4 input/output ports and two sections of cascaded ring topology structures, wherein the two sections of cascaded ring topology structures comprise two ring structures realized by bent microstrip lines and 4 protruding microstrip lines, the broadside coupling lines and the protruding microstrip lines are arranged on different layers, and each input/output port is coupled with the protruding microstrip lines in an upper layer and a lower layer through the corresponding broadside coupling line.
Preferably, the length of the double-layer broadside coupled line is lambdag/4, wherein λgIs the waveguide wavelength.
Preferably, the two-stage cascaded ring topology comprises 4 λgHorizontal line of length 4 and 3 lambdagVertical line of length/2.
Preferably, the broadside coupling strength of each input/output port is controlled by the bent microstrip line in the overlapping region of each input/output port, wherein the stronger the broadside coupling effect, the wider the bandwidth characteristic.
Specifically, the broadside coupling strength of each input/output port is controlled by the overlapping area of the protruding microstrip line and the broadside coupling line of the corresponding port.
Preferably, each of the two loops is provided with a bend to reduce the length.
Preferably, the 4 input/output ports are arranged on the top layer of the PCB, and the two cascaded ring topology structures are arranged on the bottom layer of the PCB.
Preferably, the overall dimensions of the coupler are 36 x 20 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention discloses a broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to a 5G working frequency band, wherein two sections of cascaded ring-shaped topological structures and double-layer broadside coupling lines are adopted at each input/output port to obtain broadband characteristics, and the miniaturization of the two sections of ring-shaped topological structures is realized by adopting a method of bending microstrip lines.
(2) The coupler provided by the invention can enable the relative bandwidth to reach 50%, and the size of the coupler is reduced by 60% compared with that of a traditional 180-degree coupler, and meanwhile, good in-phase and anti-phase characteristics can be obtained.
(3) Compared with other types of 180-degree couplers, the coupler circuit provided by the invention adopts the traditional Printed Circuit Board (PCB) process, is easier to manufacture and is suitable for mass production.
(4) Compared with the problem of limited broadband in a single-layer-side coupling line mode, the broadband-side coupling line structure adopts the double-layer broadband-side coupling line to realize the coupling of the upper layer and the lower layer of the broadband side, provides an optimized space for broadband characteristics, and can make the bandwidth wider and obtain better broadband characteristics.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 180 ° coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a 180 ° coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a broadside-coupled line for analyzing an input impedance viewed from a port 3 to a signal transmitting end according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view with dimensional parameter definition according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an S parameter simulation result according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of the output amplitude difference of the 180 ° coupler according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a phase difference simulation result of a 180 ° coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to a 5G working frequency band, which comprises 4 input/output ports, double-layer broadside coupling lines arranged on the sides of the 4 input/output ports and two sections of cascaded ring topological structures, wherein the two sections of cascaded ring topological structures comprise two ring structures realized by bent microstrip lines and 4 protruding microstrip lines, the double-layer broadside coupling lines and the protruding microstrip lines are positioned on different layers, and each input/output port is coupled with the protruding microstrip lines in an upper layer and a lower layer through the corresponding double-layer broadside coupling lines. The invention uses double-layer broadside coupling lines and impedance matching at each input/output port to enlarge the bandwidth, realizes the miniaturization of the two-section ring topology structure by adopting a method of bending microstrip lines and cascading the two-section ring topology structure, and obtains larger broadband characteristic optimization space by adopting double-layer broadside coupling.
As shown in fig. 1, the coupler has port 1, port 2, port 3 and port 4. In order to realize broadband characteristic, a section with length of lambda is used at each input/output portgAnd a/4 double-layer open-circuit wide-side coupling line, and connecting each input/output port to the cascaded two-section topological structure through the double-layer open-circuit wide-side coupling line. Wherein the impedances of the ports 1 to 4 are all Z0The impedance of the double-layer open-circuit broadside coupling line arranged at each port is Z1. The two-segment ring topology of the bottom comprises 4 lambdagHorizontal line of length 4 and 3 lambdagVertical line of length/2. Wherein, in the ring structure on the left side of FIG. 1, the impedances of two horizontal lines are both Z2. In the ring structure on the right side of fig. 1, the impedances of both horizontal lines are Z3. Impedance of 3 vertical lines is Z in order4、Z5、Z6. In fig. 1, the dashed-line frame area of each port represents an overlapping area of the double-layer open-circuited broadside coupled line and the meandering microstrip line provided for each port (i.e., an overlapping area of the double-layer open-circuited broadside coupled line provided for each port and the corresponding protruding microstrip line). Wherein the more overlapping areas, the stronger the coupling effect, and the stronger the coupling effect, the wider the bandwidth is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 2, the ports 1, 2, 3, and 4 are mounted on the top layer of the PCB, and the two cascaded ring structures are mounted on the bottom layer of the PCB. The connection between the 4 input/output ports on the top layer and the two cascaded ring structures on the bottom layer is realized through broadside coupling lines. The broadside coupling strength is controlled by the overlapping area of the bent microstrip line at each input/output port. The stronger the coupling effect, the wider the bandwidth characteristic.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to match the impedance of each input/output port, the input impedance of the double-layer open-circuited broadside-coupled line viewed from the port 3 toward the signal transmission end is analyzed. In fig. 3, the length of the double-layer open-circuit broadside coupled line is λg/4, impedance matrix of double-layer open-circuit broadside coupled line is
Wherein, V1And V3Representing the voltages of port 1 and port 3, respectively, Z0eRepresenting the even mode impedance, Z0oRepresenting the odd mode impedance and theta the electrical length of the circuit. The input impedance can be obtained by the following formula
By solving (1) and (2), the input impedance and the broadside coupled line impedance are impedance matched, so that the bandwidth is widened.
Z is obtained by calculation through solving (1)i(i ═ 0, 1, 2.. 6) are: z0＝50Ω；Z1＝60Ω；Z2＝49.5Ω；Z3＝35.3Ω；Z4＝63.8Ω；Z5＝16.2Ω；Z6The requirement of N77(3.3-4.2GHz), N78(3.3-3.8GHz) and N79(4.4-5GHz) frequency bands in 5G, namely the requirement of 3-5GHz, is met by 62 omega. ZiThe calculation results of (a) are shown in table 1.
In particular, in the embodiment of the invention, because the mode of bending the microstrip line is adopted, the lambda in the two-section annular structuregLine of length/4 and λgThe wire of/2 length is also miniaturized. Each line in the two ring structures is designed with a turn to shorten the length, thereby reducing the physical size of the coupler. As shown in FIG. 4, the coupler was made of a 0.508mm thick RO4003C board manufactured by Rogers corporation, having a dielectric constant of 3.48 and a loss tangent of 0.0027. Here, the final optimum size parameters of the coupler are shown in table 1. In Table 1, wi(i ═ 1, 2.., 6) denotes the line width of the broadside coupled line, Lc denotes the length of the broadside coupled line of the input/output port, and λ g denotes the waveguide wavelength.
| Impedance (L) | z0 | z1 | z2 | z3 | z4 | z5 | z6 | ||
| Unit (omega) | 50 | 60 | 49.5 | 35.3 | 63.8 | 16.2 | 62 | ||
| Size of | W0 | W1 | W2 | W3 | w4 | W5 | W6 | Lc | λg |
| Unit (mm) | 1.14 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 0.75 | 5.2 | 0.79 | 15 | 59.8 |
TABLE 1
Electromagnetic (EM) optimization coupler provided by the embodiments of the present invention is simulated using AXIEM softwareAnd (6) verifying. The simulation results of the S-parameter simulation according to the embodiment of the present invention are obtained, as shown in fig. 5, the operating frequency defined by 3dB is 3-5GHz, i.e., 2GHz bandwidth or 50% relative bandwidth, and the maximum amplitude fluctuation is less than 0.7 dB. In the range of 3-5GHz, S obtained by simulation11、S21、S31And S41Are respectively superior to-15, -3.4 and-32 dB. The output amplitude difference simulation result of the 180 ° coupler according to the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, shows that the in-band output amplitude difference of the simulation is less than 0.7 dB. The phase difference simulation result of the 180-degree coupler according to the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 7, the phase change is within a range of +/-6 degrees, and the 180-degree coupler has good in-phase and anti-phase characteristics.
The overall size of the proposed 180 ° coupler is only 36 × 20mm, which is a reduction of about 60% compared to a two-section coupler without the use of curved wires. The invention discloses a broadband miniaturized 180-degree coupler suitable for 5G application occasions, and the working frequency covers 3-5 GHz. The bandwidth is increased by using a double-layer broadside coupling line and a two-section cascaded ring topology structure at each input/output port, the miniaturization of the two-section ring topology structure is realized by adopting a bending microstrip line method, and a larger broadband characteristic optimization space is obtained by adopting double-layer broadside coupling. The coupler provided by the invention can enable the relative bandwidth to reach 50%, and the size of the coupler is reduced by 60% compared with that of a traditional 180-degree coupler, and meanwhile, good in-phase and anti-phase characteristics can be obtained. Compared with other types of 180-degree couplers, the coupler circuit provided by the invention adopts the traditional Printed Circuit Board (PCB) process, is easier to manufacture and is suitable for mass production.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to a 5G working frequency band is characterized in that the coupler packageThe broadband microstrip line coupler comprises 4 input/output ports, a double-layer broadband coupling line and two sections of cascaded ring topology structures, wherein the double-layer broadband coupling line is arranged on the side of the 4 input/output ports, the two sections of cascaded ring topology structures comprise two ring structures realized by bent microstrip lines and 4 protruding microstrip lines, the broadband coupling line and the protruding microstrip lines are positioned on different layers, and each input/output port is coupled with the protruding microstrip lines on the upper layer and the lower layer through the corresponding broadband coupling line; the length of the double-layer broadside coupling line is lambdag/4, wherein λgIs the waveguide wavelength; the two-stage cascaded ring topology structure comprises 4 horizontal lines with the length of lambda g/4 and 3 vertical lines with the length of lambda g/2; the coupler has port 1, port 2, port 3 and port 4, the ports 2, 3 and 4 being located on the same side, the port 4 being located between the ports 2 and 3 and at the midpoint of the lambdag/2 length vertical line.
2. The broadband compact 180 ° coupler applied to 5G operating band according to claim 1, wherein the broadside coupling strength of each input/output port is controlled by the bending microstrip line in the overlapping area of each input/output port, wherein the stronger the broadside coupling effect, the wider the bandwidth characteristic.
3. A broadband compact 180 ° coupler for 5G bands of operation according to claim 1 wherein each of the two loop configurations is provided with a bend to reduce the length.
4. The broadband compact 180 ° coupler applied to 5G operating band according to claim 1, wherein the 4 input/output ports are disposed on the top layer of the PCB, and the two cascaded ring topology is disposed on the bottom layer of the PCB.
5. A broadband compact 180 ° coupler for 5G bands of operation according to claim 1, wherein the overall dimensions of the coupler are 36 x 20 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910476649.3A CN110176662B (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2019-06-03 | Broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to 5G working frequency band |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910476649.3A CN110176662B (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2019-06-03 | Broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to 5G working frequency band |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110176662A CN110176662A (en) | 2019-08-27 |
| CN110176662B true CN110176662B (en) | 2021-05-11 |
Family
ID=67697812
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910476649.3A Active CN110176662B (en) | 2019-06-03 | 2019-06-03 | Broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to 5G working frequency band |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110176662B (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1277981B1 (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1997-11-12 | Thomson Csf | MULTIPLE POLARIZATION MICROSTRIP ANTENNA, IN PARTICULAR ELEMENTARY ANTENNA FOR A PLATE TYPE NETWORK |
| KR20120085458A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-08-01 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | Planar ultra wideband 3dB branch line coupler using open coupled line |
| CN206947490U (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-01-30 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | A kind of directional coupler of not decile power |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0795957B1 (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 2003-06-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Device comprising a passive, 180 degree phase-shifting coupling circuit |
| ES2160550B1 (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2003-04-01 | Inst De Astrofisica De Canaria | 180 PHASE CHANGE STRUCTURE IN WIDE BAND MICROWAVES. |
| KR101144565B1 (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2012-05-11 | 순천향대학교 산학협력단 | Double microstrip transmission line having common defected ground structure and wireless circuit apparatus using the same |
| CN103346373B (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2016-05-25 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Coupler is spent in a kind of broadband 180 of lumped parameter |
-
2019
- 2019-06-03 CN CN201910476649.3A patent/CN110176662B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1277981B1 (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1997-11-12 | Thomson Csf | MULTIPLE POLARIZATION MICROSTRIP ANTENNA, IN PARTICULAR ELEMENTARY ANTENNA FOR A PLATE TYPE NETWORK |
| KR20120085458A (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-08-01 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | Planar ultra wideband 3dB branch line coupler using open coupled line |
| CN206947490U (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-01-30 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | A kind of directional coupler of not decile power |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Wideband Branch Line Coupler with Arbitrary Coupling Ratio;Werner Arriola，Ihn Seok Kim;《Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference 2011》;20120403;第1759页第II节第1段及图1-3 * |
| 一种超宽带宽边耦合微带定向耦合器;杨自强;《压电与声光》;20131031;第35卷(第5期);第746页摘要及图1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110176662A (en) | 2019-08-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10411347B2 (en) | Phase shifter and antenna | |
| CN110299593B (en) | Broadband miniaturization 180-degree coupler based on edge coupling structure | |
| CN108172958B (en) | Periodic slow wave transmission line unit based on coplanar waveguide | |
| CN109301416B (en) | Suspended substrate integrated waveguide transmission line | |
| CN109301404B (en) | LTCC (Low temperature Co-fired ceramic) wide stop band filtering balun based on frequency selective coupling | |
| CN114284673B (en) | Substrate integrated waveguide dual-band filtering balun | |
| CN102610880A (en) | Plane miniaturization communication band-pass filter with broadband external inhibition characteristic | |
| Annadurai et al. | A compact SIW bandpass filter using DMS-DGS structures for Ku-band applications | |
| KR101616768B1 (en) | Waveguide resonator filter with notch | |
| CN107196033B (en) | Directional coupler with unequal power division | |
| CN210006879U (en) | Miniaturized broadband coupler of thin film integration technology | |
| CN110176662B (en) | Broadband compact 180-degree coupler applied to 5G working frequency band | |
| EP1976052A1 (en) | Coplanar waveguide resonator and coplanar waveguide filter using the same | |
| CN109818126B (en) | Directional coupler | |
| CN202564510U (en) | Low loss radiofrequency plane integration band-pass filter | |
| CN105720340A (en) | Compact type band-pass filter containing low-frequency transmission zero | |
| CN114284657B (en) | Ultra-compact low-pass filtering structure based on double-layer artificial surface plasmons | |
| CN108028450B (en) | kinds of filtering units and filters | |
| CN111478007B (en) | Low-frequency crossing and high-frequency reversing multifunctional multiplexing dual-frequency directional coupler | |
| CN114204241A (en) | Microstrip-open slot line coupled dual-band 90-degree directional coupler | |
| CN105244582A (en) | Wideband balun based on microstrip line-slot structure | |
| CN113922020A (en) | Broadband high-rejection dual-passband filter composed of C-type resonators | |
| Yang et al. | IPD dual-band filter chip with a large frequency ratio for 5G microwave and millimeter-wave applications | |
| CN117352982B (en) | Ultra-wideband microstrip combiner | |
| CN216488446U (en) | Duplexer based on rectangular micro-coaxial parallel pseudo interdigital resonator technology |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |