CN110175933A - Direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence suitable for frequency modulation control - Google Patents
Direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence suitable for frequency modulation control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Suitable for the direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence of frequency modulation control, the present invention relates to direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalences.The present invention is to solve the problems, such as that existing wind power plant equivalence method can not be suitable for frequency-modulating process and can not complete offline blower to divide group.Process are as follows: one, build the electrical-magnetic model of direct-driving type wind power plant；Two, the electrical-magnetic model for obtaining direct-driving type wind power plant in full blast speed operation area participates in the frequency response curve of frequency-modulating process when power system frequency declines and rises；Three, according to the characteristic of bunching on curve, full blast speed operation area is divided, identifies wind speed cut-point；Four, it is used as according to wind speed cut-point and divides group's index, Wind turbines in full blast speed operation area are divided into Wind turbines, it is a Wind turbines, the equivalent parameters of each equivalent unit of calculating and corresponding current collection network equivalent parameter by the Wind turbines equivalence in each group, obtains wind power plant Equivalent Model.The invention belongs to electric system simulation modeling technique fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalences, belong to electric system simulation modeling technique field.
Background technique
It is increasingly serious due to energy and environmental problem, wind energy with the advantage in terms of its technology and cost in the power system
It is widely applied.However, quickling increase with wind energy permeability, the inertia of electric system reduces, frequency stability by
Certain influence and impact are arrived, Wind turbines should be actively engaged in frequency adjusting, therefore access electric system on a large scale to wind-powered electricity generation
The accuracy requirement for participating in frequency-modulating process progress analytical calculation is higher and higher.One wind power plant often has tens even up to a hundred
Wind turbines, each Wind turbines again by wind energy conversion system, transmission shaft, generator, current transformer and its controller, protective device and its
The modules such as controller composition, if all individually modeled to every Wind turbines, can greatly increase simulation model complexity and
Calculate the time.Therefore, the research for carrying out the wind power plant Equivalent Model suitable for frequency modulation control is very necessary.
It is participated in frequency-modulating process equivalent modeling in wind power plant, since the fitting precision of large-scale wind power field single machine equivalence is usual
It is difficult to meet the requirements, how Wind turbines is carried out that group is rationally effectively divided to be that wind power plant participates in the research of frequency-modulating process equivalent modeling
The matter of utmost importance for needing to solve.So far, the grouping method of wind power plant mainly has following two categories:
The grouping method of machine group cluster is carried out according to the similitude of wind speed.This method is according to caused by wake effect and wind direction
Wind power plant is divided into multiple regions by wind speed difference, respectively corresponding one equivalent unit.Or the proximity of direct basis wind speed,
Divide group according to the working region of Wind turbines.This kind of grouping method only considered Index For Steady-state, when wind power plant inner blower quantity is many
When more, operating condition differs greatly, systematic error can be larger.
The characteristic quantity of operating states of the units can be characterized as the grouping method of index.State is linearized with Wind turbines
The influence factor or revolving speed of dominant characteristics root, pitch angle etc. can characterize the variable of unit working condition as dividing group's index, this
Although class grouping method can achieve higher equivalent precision, but generally require with more complex algorithm, computationally intensive.Operating condition
It can still result in the increase of equivalent Wind turbines number of units when difference is big, and when inputting wind speed variation, a point group can not be obtained in real time and referred to
Mark, engineering, which uses, has biggish limitation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve existing wind power plant equivalence method and can not be suitable for frequency-modulating process and can not complete offline
Blower divides the problem of group, and proposes the direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence for being suitable for frequency modulation control.
Direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence detailed process suitable for frequency modulation control are as follows:
Step 1: building the electrical-magnetic model of direct-driving type wind power plant, the electrical-magnetic model of direct-driving type wind power plant is used
Add sagging control frequency modulation method；
Step 2: obtaining the electrical-magnetic model of direct-driving type wind power plant in full blast speed operation area under power system frequency
Drop and power system frequency participate in the frequency response curve of frequency-modulating process when rising；
Step 3: full blast speed operation area is divided into n region according to the characteristic of bunching on frequency response curve, know
It Chu not n-1 wind speed cut-point；N value is positive integer；
Step 4: the n-1 wind speed cut-point obtained according to step 3, which is used as, divides group's index, it will be in full blast speed operation area
Wind turbines be divided into n Wind turbines, be a Wind turbines by the Wind turbines equivalence in each group, i.e., equivalent unit,
Calculate each equivalent unit equivalent parameters and corresponding current collection network equivalent parameter, obtain wind power plant Equivalent Model.
The invention has the benefit that
For the present invention by building the electromagnetic transient simulation model of direct-driving type wind power plant, adding sagging control frequency modulation method makes wind
Electric field participates in system frequency modulation, in the case where frequency decline and frequency rise two kinds of operating conditions, carries out Computer Simulation；Then full blast speed is obtained
The frequency that direct-driving type farm model participates in frequency-modulating process when system frequency decline and system frequency rise in operation area is rung
Curve is answered, full blast speed operation area is 5.2m/s to 25m/s, is divided into 0.1m/s between wind speed.Blower works in different wind speed areas
When domain participates in frequency-modulating process, the response curve of system frequency has apparent difference, according to the characteristic of bunching on system frequency curve,
It can identify multiple cut-points of different operation areas.Finally, the cut-point for obtaining each region is used as and group's index is divided to divide wind
Wind turbines equivalence in each group is one by motor group, calculates the equivalent parameters and corresponding collection electric network of each equivalent unit
Equivalent parameters, obtains wind power plant Equivalent Model, and the wind power plant Equivalent Model obtained using step 3 is tested using actual wind speed data
Demonstrate,prove the accuracy of Equivalent Model.
It can not be suitable for frequency modulation control the method overcome current equivalence method and wind turbine component can not be completed offline
The problem of group, it can be obviously improved the accuracy of conventional individual equivalence, principle is simple, and physical meaning is clear, does not need complexity
It calculates, there is good adaptability to air speed data and system frequency control.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence that the present invention is suitable for frequency modulation control；
System frequency response curve graph when Fig. 2 is access load in the full wind speed range of wind power plant；
System frequency response curve graph when Fig. 3 is excision load in the full wind speed range of wind power plant；
Fig. 4 is the air speed data schematic diagram of l-G simulation test；
When Fig. 5 is that system frequency declines, detailed model, single machine Equivalent Model and the use present invention of the 15th group of air speed data
The system frequency simulation result comparison diagram that method obtains；
When Fig. 6 is that system frequency declines, detailed model, single machine Equivalent Model and the use present invention of the 15th group of air speed data
The active power simulation result comparison diagram that method obtains；
When Fig. 7 is that system frequency rises, detailed model, single machine Equivalent Model and the use present invention of the 15th group of air speed data
The system frequency simulation result comparison diagram that method obtains；
When Fig. 8 is that system frequency rises, detailed model, single machine Equivalent Model and the use present invention of the 15th group of air speed data
The active power simulation result comparison diagram that method obtains；
Fig. 9 participates in the simulation model figure of frequency modulation for the direct-driving type wind power plant that the present invention is built, and T1 is that wind power plant outlet becomes
Depressor, T2 are synchronous generator outlet transformer, and L1 and L2 are transmission line of electricity, and WT1 is the Wind turbines of the first row first row,
WT2 is the Wind turbines of the second row first row, and WT11 is the Wind turbines of the tenth a line first row, and WT12 is the first row secondary series
Wind turbines, WT13 is the Wind turbines of the second row secondary series, and WT22 is the Wind turbines of the tenth a line secondary series, and WT23 is
The tertial Wind turbines of the first row, WT24 are the tertial Wind turbines of the second row, and WT33 is the tenth tertial wind of a line
Motor group, PL1For the active power of firm demand, PL2For the active power of variable load, QL1For the reactive power of firm demand,
QL2For the reactive power of variable load.
Specific embodiment:
Specific embodiment 1: embodiment is described with reference to Fig. 1, present embodiment is suitable for the direct-driving type of frequency modulation control
Wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence detailed process are as follows:
Step 1: building the electrical-magnetic model of direct-driving type wind power plant, the electrical-magnetic model of direct-driving type wind power plant is used
Sagging control frequency modulation method is added, Computer Simulation is carried out；
Step 2: obtaining the electrical-magnetic model of direct-driving type wind power plant in full blast speed operation area under power system frequency
Drop and power system frequency participate in the frequency response curve of frequency-modulating process when rising；
Step 3: Wind turbines work is in different wind speed regions, when system frequency decline and system frequency rise, system
The response curve of frequency is different, and according to the characteristic of bunching on frequency response curve, full blast speed operation area is divided into n area
N-1 wind speed cut-point is identified in domain；N value is positive integer；
Step 4: the n-1 wind speed cut-point obtained according to step 3, which is used as, divides group's index, it will be in full blast speed operation area
Wind turbines be divided into n Wind turbines, be a Wind turbines by the Wind turbines equivalence in each group, i.e., equivalent unit,
Calculate each equivalent unit equivalent parameters and corresponding current collection network equivalent parameter, obtain wind power plant Equivalent Model.
Specific embodiment 2: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that, full blast speed in the step 2
Operation area is 5.2m/s to 25m/s, is divided into 0.1m/s between wind speed.
Other steps and parameter are same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 3: the present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that, the step 4 is medium
The equivalent parameters of check-in group includes the equivalent capacity of generator, the equivalent stator reactance of generator, the equivalent stator electricity of generator
Resistance, the equivalent rotor inertia time constant of generator, the equivalent rotor inertia time constant of wind energy conversion system and Wind turbines it is equivalent
Axis rigidity coefficient.
Other steps and parameter are the same as one or two specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment 4: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three, the step 4
Middle current collection network equivalent parameter includes the equivalent impedance of route and the equivalent susceptance over the ground of route.
Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific embodiment one to three.
Specific embodiment 5: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to four, the step 4
The equivalent parameters of medium value unit is calculated according to capacity weighting method.
Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific embodiment one to four.
Specific embodiment 6: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to five, the step 4
Middle current collection network equivalent parameter is calculated according to the equal principle of current collection network power losses before and after equivalence.
Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific embodiment one to five.
Embodiment:
It is one embodiment of the present of invention below, by taking the wind power plant of certain 33 direct-driving type Wind turbines composition as an example, tool
Body step and result are as follows:
One, the electromagnetic transient simulation model of direct-driving type wind power plant is built, is used in model and adds sagging control frequency modulation method,
According to " Wind turbines access power system technology regulation ", in the case where system frequency decline and system frequency rise two kinds of operating conditions, into
Row Computer Simulation.
Two, it is interior at full blast speed operation area (5.2m/s to 25m/s, wind speed between be divided into 0.1m/s) to obtain wind power plant, system
Frequency response curve when frequency decline and system frequency rise.
Three, when system frequency decline and system frequency rise, when the wind power plant of different wind speed participates in frequency modulation, system frequency is rung
It answers curve different, according to the characteristic of bunching on frequency response curve, obtains multiple wind speed cut-points
Four, using the wind speed cut-point that third step obtains as dividing group's index to divide Wind turbines, by the wind turbine in each group
Equivalent group is one, the equivalent parameters of each equivalent unit of calculating and corresponding current collection network equivalent parameter.
Five, accuracy is carried out to equivalence method and is tested using actual wind speed data using the wind power plant Equivalent Model obtained
Card.
The direct-driving type wind power plant electromagnetic transient simulation model that step 1 is built is as shown in figure 9, model adds sagging control tune
Frequency method, wind power plant are connected by transformer, transmission line of electricity with synchronous generator, are powered jointly for load, and load includes fixing
Load and variable load, simulation parameter are as shown in table 1.Variable load access or excision, system frequency are down or up when 1s.
1 simulation parameter of table
In step 2, Wind turbines are the important components of wind power plant, when studying it and adding sagging control frequency modulation method
The response characteristic of system frequency is the basis for carrying out wind power plant and participating in frequency-modulating process dynamic equivalent.Using identical under different wind speed
When sagging control coefrficient, the frequency characteristic of system is different.
To obtain frequency response curve when Wind turbines in full blast speed operation area add sagging control, the present invention is based on
Wind power plant is connected by the simulation model built with Synchronous generator, powers jointly for load.Running of wind generating set is in low wind speed
Operating condition under, the frequency-modulating process of system cannot be participated in, so wind speed increases to 25m/s from 5.2m/s, every 0.1m/s, in 1s
Load or excision load are accessed, main simulation parameter is the same as above.The frequency that system frequency decline and system frequency rise is rung
Answer curve as shown in Figures 2 and 3.Each curve corresponds to the simulation result under a certain wind speed in figure, is intuitive display, in figure only
List the frequency response curve under typical wind speed.
In step 3, Wind turbines work is when system frequency decline and system frequency rise in different wind speed regions
The response curve for frequency of uniting is different.As shown in Figure 2, the decline of access load system frequency, blower work in different wind speed regions
When, the response curve of system frequency has apparent difference, and wind speed is 5.2-8.2m/s, wind speed is 8.8-10.9m/s and wind speed
There is characteristic of significantly bunching for the Wind turbines of 11-25m/s, can identify 8.2 and 10.9m/s, two cut-points.
When wind speed is 5.2-8.2m/s, running of wind generating set is in maximal power point tracking area；Wind speed is 8.8-10.9m/s,
Running of wind generating set is in Heng Zhuansuqu；Wind speed is 11-25m/s, and running of wind generating set is in invariable power area；Wind speed is 8.3-
8.7m/s, running of wind generating set is near maximal power point tracking Qu Yuheng revolving speed area separation, and rotor speed drops after participating in frequency modulation
Low, running of wind generating set crosses maximal power point tracking area from Heng Zhuansuqu, and maximal power point tracking changed power range is larger, no
It is different with wind speed lower frequency response curve.Since Heng Zhuansuqu and maximal power point tracking area power characteristic differ greatly, turn
Rotor speed vibrates near the rotor speed value corresponding to two area's separations, system frequency slight oscillatory, restores steady quickly
It is fixed.Although there is some difference for system frequency variation tendency, wind speed variation range is smaller in the region, still can be by wind power plant
Interior Wind turbines equivalence is a Fans, can identify this cut-point of 8.7m/s.To sum up, when system frequency declines, wind-powered electricity generation
Field, which participates in frequency-modulating process Dynamic Equivalence, can identify tri- cut-points of 8.2m/s, 8.7m/s and 10.9m/s.
From the figure 3, it may be seen that excision load system frequency rises, blower works at different wind speed regions, system frequency
Response curve has apparent difference, and wind speed is 5.2-7.8m/s, wind speed is 8.3-10.2m/s and wind speed is 11-25m/s'
Wind turbines have characteristic of significantly bunching, and can identify two cut-points of 7.8m/s and 10.2m/s.
When wind speed is 5.2-7.8m/s, running of wind generating set is in maximal power point tracking area；Wind speed is 8.3-10.2m/s,
Running of wind generating set is in Heng Zhuansuqu；Wind speed is 11-25m/s, and running of wind generating set is in invariable power area；Wind speed is 7.9-
8.2m/s, running of wind generating set is near maximal power point tracking Qu Yuheng revolving speed area separation, and system frequency rises, rotor speed
It increases, running of wind generating set crosses Heng Zhuansuqu from maximal power point tracking area, due to two interregional power characteristic differences
Larger, rotor speed vibrates near the rotor speed value corresponding to two area's separations, after system frequency slight oscillatory very
It is fast to restore to stablize.Wind speed is 10.3-10.9m/s, and running of wind generating set is near Heng Zhuansuqu and invariable power area separation, paddle
Elongation control is failure to actuate.Rotor speed is more than rated speed when system frequency rises, and variation range increases, system inertia enhancing,
Frequency characteristic is improved.When wind speed is 7.9-8.2m/s and 10.3-10.9m/s, since wind speed variation range is smaller, although
There is some difference for frequency characteristic, can be respectively still a Fans by the Wind turbines equivalence in the wind speed region, can
To identify two cut-points of 8.2m/s and 10.9m/s.To sum up, when system frequency rises, wind power plant participates in frequency-modulating process dynamic
Equivalence method can identify tetra- cut-points of 7.8m/s, 8.2m/s, 10.2m/s and 10.9m/s.
Frequency response in step 4, in full blast speed operation area, when being risen with system frequency decline and system frequency
The characteristic of bunching of curve obtains cut-point.Frequency takes cut-point (8.2m/s, 8.7m/s, 10.9m/s) and frequency to rise when declining
When take cut-point (7.8m/s, 8.2m/s, 10.2m/s, 10.9m/s) as divide group's index divide Wind turbines, will be in each group
Wind turbines equivalence is one, the equivalent parameters of each equivalent unit of calculating and corresponding current collection network equivalent parameter.Equivalent wind speed
Equivalent wind speed corresponding to mean power for the sum of Wind turbines all in this group power output.Single machine equivalence wind speed veqCalculating it is public
Formula are as follows:
In formula, m is the number of units of Wind turbines, and j is the number of unit, PjFor the active power output of jth platform unit.Pj=f (vj)
Represent wind speed-power characteristic of unit.
The parameters of equivalent Wind turbines are calculated according to capacity weighting method, before the parameter of equivalence collection electric network is according to equivalence
The equal principle of current collection network power losses calculates afterwards, and the detailed process present invention will not be described in great detail.
In step 5, Accuracy Verification is carried out to equivalence method, guarantees that wind power plant Equivalent Model is suitable for frequency modulation control.Tool
Body, wind speed can be detected according at least one set, respectively to wind power plant Equivalent Model, conventional individual Equivalent Model and detailed model
System frequency decline is carried out respectively and system frequency rises l-G simulation test, compares wind power plant Equivalent Model, conventional individual equivalence mould
The active power and system frequency response curve of type and detailed model under same wind speed, same frequency variation, to judge wind
The simulated effect of electric field Equivalent Model.
This example has randomly selected in 1008 group air speed datas of certain 3 × 11 wind power plant May 8 to May 14 such as figure
30 groups of air speed datas shown in 4 carry out equivalent experiment.It being accessed when 1s or cuts off load, wind power plant is connected with synchronous generator,
Main simulation parameter is the same as above.For the equivalent effect for showing the method for the present invention, randomly select under the 15th group of wind speed system frequency
It drops when rising with system frequency and the effect of single machine equivalence is compared, as a result respectively such as Fig. 5 to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 to Fig. 8 institute
Show.
By Fig. 5 to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 to Fig. 8 it is found that dividing group's strategy that can significantly improve conventional individual polymerization using of the invention
Equivalent precision, the active power of wind power plant and the tracking effect of system frequency are preferable.Therefore, equivalence strategy of the invention is right
Wind power plant, which participates in frequency-modulating process, has good adaptability.
Claims (6)
1. being suitable for the direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence of frequency modulation control, it is characterised in that: the method detailed process are as follows:
Step 1: building the electrical-magnetic model of direct-driving type wind power plant, the electrical-magnetic model of direct-driving type wind power plant is using additional
Sagging control frequency modulation method；
Step 2: obtain full blast speed operation area in direct-driving type wind power plant electrical-magnetic model power system frequency decline and
The frequency response curve of frequency-modulating process is participated in when power system frequency rises；
Step 3: full blast speed operation area is divided into n region, is identified according to the characteristic of bunching on frequency response curve
N-1 wind speed cut-point；N value is positive integer；
Step 4: the n-1 wind speed cut-point obtained according to step 3, which is used as, divides group's index, by the wind in full blast speed operation area
Motor group is divided into n Wind turbines, is a Wind turbines by the Wind turbines equivalence in each group, i.e., equivalent unit calculates
The equivalent parameters of each equivalence unit and corresponding current collection network equivalent parameter, obtain wind power plant Equivalent Model.
2. being suitable for the direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence of frequency modulation control according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating full blast speed operation area in step 2 is 5.2m/s to 25m/s, is divided into 0.1m/s between wind speed.
3. being suitable for the direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence of frequency modulation control according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: institute
The equivalent parameters for stating step 4 medium value unit includes the equivalent capacity of generator, the equivalent stator reactance of generator, generator
Equivalent stator resistance, the equivalent rotor inertia time constant of generator, the equivalent rotor inertia time constant and wind of wind energy conversion system
The equivalent shafting stiffness coefficient of motor group.
4. being suitable for the direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence of frequency modulation control according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating current collection network equivalent parameter in step 4 includes the equivalent impedance of route and the equivalent susceptance over the ground of route.
5. being suitable for the direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence of frequency modulation control according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: institute
The equivalent parameters for stating step 4 medium value unit is calculated according to capacity weighting method.
6. being suitable for the direct-driving type wind power plant Dynamic Equivalence of frequency modulation control according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: institute
Current collection network equivalent parameter in step 4 is stated to calculate according to the equal principle of current collection network power losses before and after equivalence.
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