CN110165255B - Air pressure control system and method for fuel cell engine - Google Patents
Air pressure control system and method for fuel cell engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110165255B CN110165255B CN201910618095.6A CN201910618095A CN110165255B CN 110165255 B CN110165255 B CN 110165255B CN 201910618095 A CN201910618095 A CN 201910618095A CN 110165255 B CN110165255 B CN 110165255B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04104—Regulation of differential pressures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04395—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of cathode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell engine air pressure control system and method, comprising an air supply module and a pressure control module, wherein the air supply module comprises an air compressor, a humidifier, a fuel cell stack, a back pressure valve and a steam-water separator which are sequentially connected, the pressure control module comprises a pressure sensor, a signal sampling circuit, a filter circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a controller which are sequentially connected in series, the pressure sensor is a current type sensor and is arranged at an air inlet of the fuel cell stack, and a current signal acquired by the pressure sensor is sequentially transmitted to the controller for processing after passing through the signal sampling circuit, the filter circuit and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and the controller is respectively connected with the air compressor and the back pressure valve in a communication way. Through the combined regulation of the rotating speed of the air compressor and the opening degree of the back pressure valve and the PID closed-loop control of the back pressure valve, the deviation between the pressure value at the inlet of the fuel cell stack and the pressure set value required by the system is reduced, and the system is further more stable to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cell power generation devices, in particular to a fuel cell engine air pressure control system and a method.
Background
The fuel cell is a device for converting chemical energy in fuel into electric energy, the membrane electrode is the core of the fuel cell engine, at the anode of the membrane electrode, hydrogen penetrates through porous materials, electrochemical reaction occurs on the surface of a catalyst, electrons are lost, positive ions become positively charged ions, positive ions can pass through a proton exchange membrane to reach the cathode at the other end of the membrane electrode, at the cathode of the membrane electrode, oxygen passes through the porous materials, electrochemical reaction occurs on the surface of the catalyst to obtain electrons, negative ions are formed, and the formed negative ions at the cathode end react with positive ions transferred from the anode end to generate water. Electrons generated in the electrochemical reaction process are led out through an external circuit by using conductive objects at the two ends of the membrane electrode to form a circuit loop.
In order to ensure that chemical reactions in a fuel cell stack can be continuously and stably carried out, a system needs to continuously provide air with certain pressure and flow rate for the stack, and the core of the control of a fuel cell engine is to control the reaction condition of electrochemical reaction with oxygen to generate electric energy, so that the accurate control of oxygen pressure is particularly important in order to ensure safe and stable oxygen operation of the fuel cell engine.
The prior art has some defects: at present, the control of the oxygen pressure is open-loop control, and the actual value of the open-loop control has larger deviation from the ideal value; and cannot quickly respond in real time to the oxygen pressure required by the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fuel cell engine air pressure control system and a method, which can realize closed-loop control of oxygen pressure, reduce deviation between an actual value and an ideal value, improve accuracy of oxygen pressure control, and simultaneously can quickly respond to oxygen pressure required by a system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a fuel cell engine air pressure control system, includes air supply module and pressure control module, air supply module is including the air compressor machine, humidifier, fuel cell stack, backpressure valve and the catch water that link to each other in proper order, pressure control module is including the pressure sensor, signal sampling circuit, filter circuit, AD conversion circuit and the controller of concatenating in proper order, pressure sensor is current sensor, locates the air inlet department of fuel cell stack, and the current signal that pressure sensor gathered is transmitted to the controller after signal sampling circuit, filter circuit and AD conversion circuit in proper order and is handled, and the controller is connected with air compressor machine and backpressure valve communication respectively for the rotational speed of control air compressor machine and the aperture of backpressure valve.
As the optimization of the scheme, a PID control program is written in the controller, the controller adjusts the rotating speed of the air compressor according to the target air pressure value, then PID adjustment is carried out on the pressure signal collected by the pressure sensor, a command after PID adjustment is generated, and the command is sent to the back pressure valve.
Preferably, the controller is respectively connected with the air compressor and the back pressure valve in a communication way through the CAN communication bus.
A fuel cell engine air pressure control method comprising the steps of:
s1, starting an air supply module, so that air can sequentially enter an air compressor, a humidifier and a fuel cell stack, and the air and hydrogen in the fuel cell stack react electrochemically to generate electric energy;
s2, the controller adjusts the air compressor to a proper rotating speed through CAN communication according to a target air pressure value required currently and against an air compressor rotating speed meter arranged on the air compressor;
and S3, transmitting the acquired current fuel cell stack inlet pressure value to a controller by the pressure sensor, and performing PID (proportion integration differentiation) adjustment by the controller according to the pressure information transmitted by the pressure sensor to increase or decrease the opening of the back pressure valve.
Preferably, in step S3, the controller analyzes and calculates the pressure signal transmitted from the pressure sensor, calculates the difference between the actual air pressure value at the inlet of the fuel cell stack and the target air pressure value, generates an opening control command according to the difference through a PID control program, and sends the command to the back pressure valve, thereby controlling the actual air pressure at the inlet of the fuel cell stack to be consistent with the target air pressure.
Due to the structure, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the deviation between the pressure value at the inlet of the fuel cell stack and the pressure set value required by the system is reduced by the joint adjustment of the rotation speed of the air compressor and the opening of the back pressure valve, so that the system is more stable to operate;
2. the PID closed-loop control of the back pressure valve is realized through a pressure sensor arranged at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack and a PID control program in the controller, so that the deviation between the pressure value at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack and the pressure set value required by the system is further reduced, and the running stability of the system is further improved;
3. the controller is in communication connection with the air compressor and the back pressure valve through the CAN bus, so that the control system is higher in adjusting speed and control accuracy, and the pressure control module CAN quickly respond to the air pressure required by the air supply module.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an air pressure control system of a fuel cell engine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the air pressure control system of the fuel cell engine of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of the operation of the fuel cell engine air pressure control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a fuel cell engine air pressure control system, which comprises an air supply module and a pressure control module, wherein the air supply module comprises an air compressor 101, a humidifier 102, a fuel cell stack 104, a back pressure valve (electronic throttle valve) 105 and a steam-water separator 106 which are sequentially connected; the pressure control module comprises a pressure sensor 201, a signal sampling circuit 202, a filter circuit 203, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit 204 and a controller 205 which are sequentially connected in series; the pressure sensor 201 is a current sensor, and is disposed at an air inlet of the fuel cell stack 104, and current signals collected by the pressure sensor 201 are sequentially transmitted to the controller 205 through the signal sampling circuit 202, the filter circuit 203 and the analog/digital conversion circuit 204, and the controller 205 is respectively in communication connection with the air compressor 101 and the back pressure valve 105 through the CAN communication bus, so as to control the rotation speed of the air compressor 101 and the opening of the back pressure valve 105.
The controller 205 is internally written with a PID control program, an air compressor tachometer is installed on the air compressor, the controller 205 adjusts the air compressor 101 to a proper rotation speed according to a target air pressure value and against the air compressor tachometer, then PID adjustment is performed on pressure signals collected by the pressure sensor 201, a command after PID adjustment is generated, and the command is sent to the back pressure valve 105.
A fuel cell engine air pressure control method comprising the steps of:
s1, starting an air supply module, so that air can sequentially enter an air compressor, a humidifier and a fuel cell stack, and the air and hydrogen in the fuel cell stack react electrochemically to generate electric energy;
s2, the controller adjusts the air compressor to a proper rotating speed through CAN communication according to a target air pressure value required currently and against an air compressor rotating speed meter arranged on the air compressor;
and S3, transmitting the acquired current fuel cell stack inlet pressure value to a controller by the pressure sensor, and performing PID (proportion integration differentiation) adjustment by the controller according to the pressure information transmitted by the pressure sensor to increase or decrease the opening of the back pressure valve.
In step S3, the controller analyzes and calculates the pressure signal transmitted from the pressure sensor, calculates the difference between the actual air pressure value at the inlet of the fuel cell stack and the target air pressure value, generates an opening control command according to the difference through a PID control program, and sends the command to the back pressure valve, thereby controlling the actual air pressure at the inlet of the fuel cell stack to be consistent with the target air pressure.
The working principle is as follows:
when the fuel cell engine is started, air enters the air compressor 101, is pressurized by the air compressor 101 and becomes gas with certain flow and pressure, then enters the humidifier 102, the humidifier 102 humidifies dry gas entering the humidifier, the humidified air enters the fuel cell stack 104, oxygen and hydrogen in the air undergo electrochemical reaction and generate electric energy, tail gas after the reaction of the fuel cell stack 104 is discharged out of the stack together with water vapor, and enters the steam-water separator 106 after passing through the back pressure valve 105 arranged at the tail gas outlet of the fuel cell stack 104, and the steam-water separator 106 separates the gas from the water for recycling the fuel cell respectively.
In the process, the current type pressure sensor 201 collects current signals at the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 104, converts the current signals into voltage signals through the signal sampling circuit 202, then transmits the voltage signals to the controller 205 for processing after passing through the filter circuit 203 and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 204, the controller 205 adjusts the air compressor 101 to a proper rotating speed through CAN communication according to the current required target air pressure value and the air compressor rotating speed meter, then analyzes and calculates pressure signals collected by the pressure sensor 201 in real time, compares the actual air pressure value at the inlet of the fuel cell stack 104 with the target air pressure value, generates opening control instructions through a PID control program according to the difference value, and transmits the instructions to the back pressure valve 105, adjusts the opening of the back pressure valve 105, and further controls the actual air pressure at the inlet of the fuel cell stack to be consistent with the target air pressure so as to ensure that the fuel cell stack is stably supplied with oxygen.
In this embodiment, the model of the pressure sensor is DG2101-a- (-0.1-0.2)/a, the controller may be model MC9S12XEP100, the model of the PID regulator is YFTC-0110, the chip model of the signal sampling circuit is LM2902, and the filter circuit is an LC filter circuit, which is in the prior art, and the air compressor, humidifier, fuel cell stack, back pressure valve, and steam-water separator are all in the prior art, and the internal structure thereof is not described in this embodiment.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A fuel cell engine air pressure control system, characterized by: the air supply module comprises an air compressor, a humidifier, a fuel cell stack, a back pressure valve and a steam-water separator which are sequentially connected, wherein the pressure control module comprises a pressure sensor, a signal sampling circuit, a filter circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion circuit and a controller which are sequentially connected in series, the pressure sensor is a current type sensor, is arranged at an air inlet of the fuel cell stack, current signals collected by the pressure sensor are sequentially transmitted to the controller for processing after passing through the signal sampling circuit, the filter circuit and the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and the controller is respectively connected with the air compressor and the back pressure valve in a communication manner and is used for controlling the rotating speed of the air compressor and the opening of the back pressure valve;
the controller is internally written with a PID control program, adjusts the rotating speed of the air compressor according to the target air pressure value, then carries out PID adjustment according to the pressure signal acquired by the pressure sensor, generates a PID adjusted instruction, and sends the instruction to the back pressure valve;
the control method of the fuel cell engine air pressure control system comprises the following steps:
s1, starting an air supply module, so that air can sequentially enter an air compressor, a humidifier and a fuel cell stack, and the air and hydrogen in the fuel cell stack react electrochemically to generate electric energy;
s2, the controller adjusts the air compressor to a proper rotating speed through CAN communication according to a target air pressure value required currently and against an air compressor rotating speed meter arranged on the air compressor;
and S3, transmitting the acquired current fuel cell stack inlet pressure value to a controller by the pressure sensor, and performing PID (proportion integration differentiation) adjustment by the controller according to the pressure information transmitted by the pressure sensor to increase or decrease the opening of the back pressure valve.
2. The fuel cell engine air pressure control system according to claim 1, wherein: the controller is respectively connected with the air compressor and the back pressure valve in a communication way through the CAN communication bus.
3. The fuel cell engine air pressure control system according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the controller analyzes and calculates the pressure signal transmitted from the pressure sensor, calculates the difference between the actual air pressure value at the inlet of the fuel cell stack and the target air pressure value, generates an opening control command according to the difference through a PID control program, and sends the command to the back pressure valve, thereby controlling the actual air pressure at the inlet of the fuel cell stack to be consistent with the target air pressure.
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| CN201910618095.6A CN110165255B (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Air pressure control system and method for fuel cell engine |
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| CN201910618095.6A CN110165255B (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Air pressure control system and method for fuel cell engine |
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| CN110165255B true CN110165255B (en) | 2023-05-26 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111628196A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-09-04 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Air system control method of fuel cell |
| CN112233405A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-15 | 河北匠心智联软件技术有限公司 | Internet of things acquisition module with ammeter |
| CN112635795B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-02-01 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Fuel cell air pressure adjusting device and system |
| CN112622701A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-09 | 武汉格罗夫氢能汽车有限公司 | Optimization system and method for realizing stable operation of water inlet and air inlet pressure difference of hydrogen energy automobile |
| CN113097533A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-09 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Air supply system of fuel cell |
| CN114914482B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-04-26 | 大洋电机燃料电池科技(中山)有限公司 | Self-regulating electronic back pressure valve, fuel cell system and control method |
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| CN102324536A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2012-01-18 | 浙江吉利汽车研究院有限公司 | Vehicle proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) pressure control system |
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