CN110164750A - A kind of asymmetric triangular-shaped electrodes structure ion trap - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
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- H01J49/42—Stability-of-path spectrometers, e.g. monopole, quadrupole, multipole, farvitrons
- H01J49/4205—Device types
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种非对称三角形电极结构离子阱，包括三个角度相等的三角形柱状电极、一个角度不同的三角形柱状电极以及至少两个端盖电极，相对设置的两个三角形柱状电极相互平行，角度相等的三角形柱状电极的电极角度为α，角度不同的三角形柱状电极的电极角度为α±Δα，10°≥Δα>0°；每个三角形柱状电极的中央设置有离子引出槽，角度不同的三角形柱状电极设置在离子出射方向上；其优点是能够有效地在离子阱内产生以四极电场为主并引入一定量的六极场和八极场分量电势分布，从而提高离子阱的质量分辨率，质量分辨率至少提高两倍，改善本发明的分析性能；无需改变离子阱的工作电路，具有结构简单、易加工且适用范围广的优点。
The invention discloses an ion trap with an asymmetric triangular electrode structure, which includes three triangular columnar electrodes with equal angles, one triangular columnar electrode with different angles and at least two end cap electrodes, and the two oppositely arranged triangular columnar electrodes are parallel to each other. The electrode angle of the triangular columnar electrodes with the same angle is α, and the electrode angle of the triangular columnar electrodes with different angles is α±Δα, 10°≥Δα>0°; the center of each triangular columnar electrode is provided with an ion extraction groove, and the angles are different. The triangular columnar electrode is set in the direction of ion emission; its advantage is that it can effectively generate a quadrupole electric field in the ion trap and introduce a certain amount of hexapole field and octopole field component potential distribution, thereby improving the mass resolution of the ion trap The rate is increased by at least two times, and the analysis performance of the present invention is improved; without changing the working circuit of the ion trap, it has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing and wide application range.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种质谱仪技术领域，尤其是涉及一种非对称三角形电极结构离子阱。The invention relates to the technical field of a mass spectrometer, in particular to an ion trap with an asymmetrical triangular electrode structure.
背景技术Background technique
质谱仪是同时具有高灵敏性和高特异性的现代化分析仪器，已被广泛应用于生物学、食品安全、制药工业，环境监测和国土安全等领域。它具有优异的对化学物质进行定性和定量分析的能力。它主要由离子源、离子传输系统、质量分析器、离子检测和数据采集控制系统等组成。其中质量分析器是质谱仪核心部件之一。Mass spectrometer is a modern analytical instrument with high sensitivity and high specificity, which has been widely used in biology, food safety, pharmaceutical industry, environmental monitoring and homeland security and other fields. It has excellent ability of qualitative and quantitative analysis of chemical substances. It is mainly composed of ion source, ion transmission system, mass analyzer, ion detection and data acquisition control system. The mass analyzer is one of the core components of the mass spectrometer.
在不同的质量分析器中，离子阱因具有体积小、真空要求低、装配要求低和串级质谱能力等优点，使得离子阱在物理学、分析化学、医学、环境科学、生命科学等领域中获得了广泛的应用研究，特别是在小型化质谱仪中的应用研究。1953年，Paul第一次提出验证了双曲面离子阱，由一对环形电极和两个双曲面端盖电极构成，作为三维离子阱，离子被存储在离子阱中央，空间电荷效应限制了其质量分析性能。美国专利US6797950提出一种线性离子阱质量分析器，由对称放置的两对双曲柱面电极和两块端盖电极构成，在质量分析过程中，离子被存储在线性离子阱轴线上。与三维离子阱相比，线性离子阱具有更大的离子存储空间，因此可存储更多的离子，在提高分析灵敏度的同时减弱 “空间电荷效应”的发生，保证质量分辨率达到分析需求。In different mass analyzers, ion traps have the advantages of small size, low vacuum requirements, low assembly requirements and tandem mass spectrometry capabilities, making ion traps widely used in physics, analytical chemistry, medicine, environmental science, life science and other fields. A wide range of applied research has been obtained, especially in miniaturized mass spectrometers. In 1953, Paul proposed and verified the hyperbolic ion trap for the first time, which consists of a pair of ring electrodes and two hyperboloid end cap electrodes. As a three-dimensional ion trap, ions are stored in the center of the ion trap, and the space charge effect limits its mass. Analyze performance. US Patent No. 6,797,950 proposes a linear ion trap mass analyzer, which consists of two pairs of hyperbolic cylindrical electrodes and two end cap electrodes placed symmetrically. During the mass analysis process, ions are stored on the axis of the linear ion trap. Compared with the three-dimensional ion trap, the linear ion trap has a larger ion storage space, so it can store more ions, which can reduce the occurrence of "space charge effect" while improving the analysis sensitivity, and ensure the mass resolution to meet the analysis requirements.
但是，上述离子阱都采用双曲面结构，因此机械加工难度大，造价昂贵，增加了离子阱质谱仪的制造成本，不利于离子阱质谱仪的进一步推广。近年来，简化结构的离子阱成为质谱领域的热门研究方向。美国专利US 6838666中提出了使用平板电极构成的矩形离子阱，大大简化了双曲面线性离子阱的结构，降低了离子阱质量分析器的制造成本。但是，矩形离子阱由于电极形状的改变，离子阱内部电场中引入了过多高阶场成分，导致矩形离子阱的质量分辨率下降。However, the above-mentioned ion traps all adopt a hyperboloid structure, so machining is difficult and expensive, which increases the manufacturing cost of the ion trap mass spectrometer and is not conducive to the further promotion of the ion trap mass spectrometer. In recent years, ion traps with simplified structures have become a hot research direction in the field of mass spectrometry. US Patent No. 6,838,666 proposes a rectangular ion trap composed of flat electrodes, which greatly simplifies the structure of the hyperbolic linear ion trap and reduces the manufacturing cost of the ion trap mass analyzer. However, due to the change of the electrode shape of the rectangular ion trap, too many high-order field components are introduced into the internal electric field of the ion trap, resulting in a decrease in the mass resolution of the rectangular ion trap.
此后，xiao等人研发了新型三角形电极结构线性离子阱，该结构的离子阱由一对X电极、一对Y电极和两个平面电极围成，X电极和Y电极均为三角形结构柱状电极，每块三角形柱状电极的角度是相同的，x方向和y方向场半径也相同，属于完全对称的结构，该结构的离子阱内部电场成分中四极场成分很高，而高阶场成分只含有十二极场，这保证了其质量分别率较高。Since then, Xiao et al. have developed a new linear ion trap with a triangular electrode structure. The ion trap of this structure is surrounded by a pair of X electrodes, a pair of Y electrodes and two planar electrodes. The X electrodes and Y electrodes are both triangular columnar electrodes. The angles of each triangular columnar electrode are the same, and the field radii in the x and y directions are also the same, which belongs to a completely symmetrical structure. The quadrupole field component in the internal electric field component of the ion trap of this structure is very high, while the high-order field component only contains Twelve polar fields, which ensure a high quality resolution.
近年来研究发现离子阱中引入一定量适合的高阶场成分有利于提高离子阱的质量分辨能力。因此有必要研发一种通过引入一定量适合的高阶场成分以提高其质量分析性能的离子阱。In recent years, studies have found that introducing a certain amount of suitable high-order field components into the ion trap is beneficial to improve the mass resolution capability of the ion trap. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an ion trap that can improve its mass analysis performance by introducing a certain amount of suitable high-order field components.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种结构简单、制作成本低且质量分辨率高的非对称三角形电极结构离子阱。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an asymmetric triangular electrode structure ion trap with simple structure, low manufacturing cost and high mass resolution.
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：一种非对称三角形电极结构离子阱，包括四个三角形柱状电极以及至少两个端盖电极，其中一个所述的三角形柱状电极的电极角度与其他三个所述的三角形柱状电极的电极角度不同，四个所述的三角形柱状电极和所述的端盖电极围成近似于长方体的空间立体结构，相对设置的两个所述的三角形柱状电极相互平行，相邻的所述的三角形柱状电极之间使用绝缘材料隔开以保持电极之间的绝缘性；The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: an ion trap with an asymmetrical triangular electrode structure, including four triangular columnar electrodes and at least two end cap electrodes, wherein the electrode angle of one of the triangular columnar electrodes is different from that of the other The electrode angles of the three triangular columnar electrodes are different, and the four triangular columnar electrodes and the end cap electrodes form a three-dimensional structure similar to a cuboid, and the two triangular columnar electrodes arranged opposite each other In parallel, the adjacent triangular columnar electrodes are separated by an insulating material to maintain insulation between the electrodes;
角度相等的所述的三角形柱状电极的电极角度为α，角度不同的所述的三角形柱状电极的电极角度为α±Δα，10°≥Δα>0°；The electrode angles of the triangular columnar electrodes with equal angles are α, and the electrode angles of the triangular columnar electrodes with different angles are α±Δα, 10°≥Δα>0°;
每个所述的三角形柱状电极的中央设置有离子引出槽，角度不同的所述的三角形柱状电极设置在离子出射方向上；The center of each of the triangular columnar electrodes is provided with an ion extraction groove, and the triangular columnar electrodes with different angles are arranged in the direction of ion extraction;
每个所述的端盖电极的中央设置有用于离子引入的小孔。The center of each end cap electrode is provided with a small hole for ion introduction.
进一步地，角度不同的所述的三角形柱状电极的电极角度为α－Δα，10°≥Δα>0°。Further, the electrode angles of the triangular columnar electrodes with different angles are α−Δα, 10°≥Δα>0°.
进一步地，所述的α为120°～160°。Further, said α is 120°-160°.
进一步地，所述的α为140°。Further, the said α is 140°.
进一步地，所述的端盖电极为两个，一个所述的端盖电极设置在所述的三角形柱状电极的一端，另一个所述的端盖电极设置在所述的三角形柱状电极的另一端。Further, there are two end cap electrodes, one end cap electrode is set at one end of the triangular columnar electrode, and the other end cap electrode is set at the other end of the triangular columnar electrode .
进一步地，所述的三角形柱状电极的电极材料为导电材料或为镀有导电涂层的绝缘材料。Further, the electrode material of the triangular columnar electrode is a conductive material or an insulating material coated with a conductive coating.
进一步地，所述的导电金属材料包括不锈钢、金、银或者铜；所述的绝缘材料包括陶瓷、PCB或者高分子材料。Further, the conductive metal material includes stainless steel, gold, silver or copper; the insulating material includes ceramic, PCB or polymer material.
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于公开了一种非对称三角形电极结构离子阱，通过改变其中一个三角形柱状电极的电极角度，能够有效地在离子阱内产生以四极电场为主并引入一定量的六极场、八极场分量电势分布，从而提高离子阱的质量分辨率和灵敏度，质量分辨率至少提高两倍，改善本发明的分析性能；无需改变离子阱的工作电路，具有结构简单易加工的优点；Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantage of disclosing an ion trap with an asymmetric triangular electrode structure. By changing the electrode angle of one of the triangular columnar electrodes, it is possible to effectively generate a quadrupole electric field in the ion trap. Introduce a certain amount of hexapole field and octopole field component potential distribution, thereby improving the mass resolution and sensitivity of the ion trap, the mass resolution is at least doubled, and the analysis performance of the present invention is improved; without changing the working circuit of the ion trap, it has The advantages of simple structure and easy processing;
本发明给出的离子阱可以单独使用，也可以和其他实验系统，如其他类型的质谱仪，如四极质谱，飞行时间质谱等联合起来使用。The ion trap provided by the present invention can be used alone or in combination with other experimental systems, such as other types of mass spectrometers, such as quadrupole mass spectrometers, time-of-flight mass spectrometers, and the like.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2为本发明的三角形柱状电极围绕而成的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the triangular columnar electrode of the present invention surrounds;
图3为本发明的三角形柱状电极围绕而成的主视图；Fig. 3 is a front view surrounded by triangular columnar electrodes of the present invention;
图4为本发明的电压施加方式图；Fig. 4 is a voltage application diagram of the present invention;
图5为本发明的质量分辨与电极角度的关系图；Fig. 5 is the relationship diagram of mass resolution and electrode angle of the present invention;
图6为本发明在不同电极角度下的高阶场含量与四级场比值的函数关系；Fig. 6 is the functional relationship between the higher-order field content and the fourth-order field ratio of the present invention under different electrode angles;
图7为本发明在不同电极角度下的模拟质谱峰。Fig. 7 is the simulated mass spectrum peaks of the present invention under different electrode angles.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作进一步详细描述。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only It is an embodiment of a part of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例一：如图1-3所示，一种非对称三角形电极结构离子阱，包括四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14以及至少两个端盖电极15，其中一个三角形柱状电14的电极角度与其他三个三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度不同，四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14和端盖电极15围成近似于长方体的空间立体结构，相对设置的两个三角形柱状电极相互平行，相邻的三角形柱状电极之间使用绝缘材料隔开以保持电极之间的绝缘性；角度相等的三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度为α，角度不同的三角形柱状电极14的电极角度为120°±Δα，10°≥Δα>0°；每个三角形柱状电极的中央设置有离子引出槽17，角度不同的三角形柱状电极14设置在离子出射方向上；每个端盖电极15设置有用于离子引入的小孔18。一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的一端，另一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的另一端。三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的电极材料可以为导电材料，也可以为镀有导电涂层的绝缘材料。导电金属材料可以是不锈钢、金、银或者铜中的一种；绝缘材料以是陶瓷、PCB或者高分子材料中的一种。Embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1-3, an ion trap with an asymmetrical triangular electrode structure includes four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and at least two end cap electrodes 15, one of which is a triangular columnar electrode 14 The angle of the electrode is different from that of the other three triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13. The four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and the end cover electrode 15 form a three-dimensional structure similar to a cuboid. Two triangular columnar electrodes are parallel to each other, and the adjacent triangular columnar electrodes are separated by insulating material to maintain the insulation between the electrodes; the electrode angles of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13 with equal angles are α, and those with different angles The electrode angle of the triangular columnar electrode 14 is 120°±Δα, 10°≥Δα>0°; the center of each triangular columnar electrode is provided with an ion extraction groove 17, and the triangular columnar electrodes 14 with different angles are arranged on the ion emission direction; Each end cap electrode 15 is provided with a small hole 18 for ion introduction. One end cap electrode 15 is arranged at one end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , and the other end cap electrode 15 is arranged at the other end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 . The electrode material of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 can be a conductive material, or an insulating material coated with a conductive coating. The conductive metal material can be one of stainless steel, gold, silver or copper; the insulating material can be one of ceramics, PCB or polymer material.
实施例二：如图1-3所示，一种非对称三角形电极结构离子阱，包括四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14以及至少两个端盖电极15，其中一个三角形柱状电极的电极角度14与其他三个三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度不同，四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14和端盖电15围成近似于长方体的空间立体结构，相对设置的两个三角形柱状电极相互平行，相邻的三角形柱状电极之间使用绝缘材料隔开以保持电极之间的绝缘性；角度相等的三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度为140°，角度不同的三角形柱状电极14的电极角度为140°±Δα，10°≥Δα>0°；每个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的中央设置有离子引出槽17，角度不同的三角形柱状电极14设置在离子出射方向上；每个端盖电极15的中央设置有用于离子引入的小孔18。一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的一端，另一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的另一端。三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的电极材料可以为导电材料，也可以为镀有导电涂层的绝缘材料。导电金属材料可以是不锈钢、金、银或者铜中的一种；绝缘材料以是陶瓷、PCB或者高分子材料中的一种。Embodiment 2: As shown in Figures 1-3, an ion trap with an asymmetrical triangular electrode structure includes four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and at least two end cap electrodes 15, and one of the triangular columnar electrodes The electrode angle 14 is different from the electrode angles of the other three triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13. The four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and the end cap electrode 15 form a three-dimensional structure similar to a cuboid. The two triangular columnar electrodes are parallel to each other, and the adjacent triangular columnar electrodes are separated by insulating material to maintain the insulation between the electrodes; the electrode angles of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, and 13 with equal angles are 140°, and the angles are different The electrode angle of the triangular columnar electrode 14 is 140°±Δα, 10°≥Δα>0°; the center of each triangular columnar electrode 11, 12, 13, 14 is provided with an ion extraction groove 17, and the triangular columnar electrode 14 with different angles It is arranged in the direction of ion emission; the center of each end cap electrode 15 is provided with a small hole 18 for ion introduction. One end cap electrode 15 is arranged at one end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , and the other end cap electrode 15 is arranged at the other end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 . The electrode material of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 can be a conductive material, or an insulating material coated with a conductive coating. The conductive metal material can be one of stainless steel, gold, silver or copper; the insulating material can be one of ceramics, PCB or polymer material.
实施例三：如图1-3所示，一种非对称三角形电极结构离子阱，包括四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14以及两个端盖电极15，其中一个三角形柱状电极14的电极角度与其他三个三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度不同，四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14和端盖电极15围成近似于长方体的空间立体结构，相对设置的两个三角形柱状电极相互平行，相邻的三角形柱状电极之间使用绝缘材料隔开以保持电极之间的绝缘性；角度相等的三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度为α，角度不同的三角形柱状电极14的电极角度为160°±Δα，10°≥Δα>0°；每个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的中央设置有离子引出槽17；角度不同的三角形柱状电极14设置在离子出射方向上；每个端盖电极15的中央设置有用于离子引入的小孔18。一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的一端，另一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的另一端。三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的电极材料可以为导电材料，也可以为镀有导电涂层的绝缘材料。导电金属材料可以是不锈钢、金、银或者铜中的一种；绝缘材料以是陶瓷、PCB或者高分子材料中的一种。Embodiment 3: As shown in Figures 1-3, an ion trap with an asymmetrical triangular electrode structure includes four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and two end cap electrodes 15, and one of the triangular columnar electrodes 14 The electrode angle is different from that of the other three triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13. The four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and the end cover electrode 15 form a three-dimensional structure similar to a cuboid. The three triangular columnar electrodes are parallel to each other, and the adjacent triangular columnar electrodes are separated by insulating material to maintain the insulation between the electrodes; the electrode angles of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, and 13 with equal angles are α, and the triangular columnar electrodes with different angles The electrode angle of the columnar electrode 14 is 160°±Δα, 10°≥Δα>0°; the center of each triangular columnar electrode 11, 12, 13, 14 is provided with an ion extraction groove 17; the triangular columnar electrodes 14 with different angles are arranged on In the direction of ion emission; the center of each end cap electrode 15 is provided with a small hole 18 for ion introduction. One end cap electrode 15 is arranged at one end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , and the other end cap electrode 15 is arranged at the other end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 . The electrode material of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 can be a conductive material, or an insulating material coated with a conductive coating. The conductive metal material can be one of stainless steel, gold, silver or copper; the insulating material can be one of ceramics, PCB or polymer material.
实施例四：如图1-3所示，一种非对称三角形电极结构离子阱，包括四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14以及两个端盖电极15，其中一个三角形柱状电极14的电极角度与其他三个三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度不同，四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14和端盖电极15围成近似于长方体的空间立体结构，相对设置的两个三角形柱状电极相互平行，相邻的三角形柱状电极之间使用绝缘材料隔开以保持电极之间的绝缘性；角度相等的三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度为α，角度不同的三角形柱状电极14的电极角度为120°－Δα，10°≥Δα>0°；每个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的中央设置有离子引出槽17；角度不同的三角形柱状电极14设置在离子出射方向上；每个端盖电极15的中央设置有用于离子引入的小孔18。一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的一端，另一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的另一端。三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的电极材料可以为导电材料，也可以为镀有导电涂层的绝缘材料。导电金属材料可以是不锈钢、金、银或者铜中的一种；绝缘材料以是陶瓷、PCB或者高分子材料中的一种。Embodiment 4: As shown in Figures 1-3, an ion trap with an asymmetrical triangular electrode structure includes four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and two end cap electrodes 15, and one of the triangular columnar electrodes 14 The electrode angle is different from that of the other three triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13. The four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and the end cover electrode 15 form a three-dimensional structure similar to a cuboid. The three triangular columnar electrodes are parallel to each other, and the adjacent triangular columnar electrodes are separated by insulating material to maintain the insulation between the electrodes; the electrode angles of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, and 13 with equal angles are α, and the triangular columnar electrodes with different angles The electrode angle of the columnar electrode 14 is 120°-Δα, 10°≥Δα>0°; the center of each triangular columnar electrode 11, 12, 13, 14 is provided with an ion extraction groove 17; the triangular columnar electrodes 14 with different angles are arranged in In the direction of ion emission; the center of each end cap electrode 15 is provided with a small hole 18 for ion introduction. One end cap electrode 15 is arranged at one end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , and the other end cap electrode 15 is arranged at the other end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 . The electrode material of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 can be a conductive material, or an insulating material coated with a conductive coating. The conductive metal material can be one of stainless steel, gold, silver or copper; the insulating material can be one of ceramics, PCB or polymer material.
实施例五：一种非对称三角形电极结构离子阱，包括四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14以及两个端盖电极15，其中一个三角形柱状电极14的电极角度与其他三个三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度不同，四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14和端盖电极15围成近似于长方体的空间立体结构，相对设置的两个三角形柱状电极相互平行，相邻的三角形柱状电极之间使用绝缘材料隔开以保持电极之间的绝缘性；角度相等的三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度为140°，角度不同的三角形柱状电极14的电极角度为140°－Δα，10°≥Δα>0°；每个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的中央设置有离子引出槽17；角度不同的三角形柱状电极14设置在离子出射方向上；每个端盖电极15的中央设置有用于离子引入的小孔18。一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的一端，另一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的另一端。三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的电极材料可以为导电材料，也可以为镀有导电涂层的绝缘材料。导电金属材料可以是不锈钢、金、银或者铜中的一种；绝缘材料以是陶瓷、PCB或者高分子材料中的一种。Embodiment 5: An ion trap with an asymmetric triangular electrode structure, including four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and two end cap electrodes 15, wherein the electrode angle of one triangular columnar electrode 14 is different from that of the other three triangular columnar electrodes. The electrodes 11, 12, 13 have different electrode angles, and the four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and the end cap electrode 15 form a three-dimensional structure similar to a cuboid, and the two oppositely arranged triangular columnar electrodes are parallel to each other and Adjacent triangular columnar electrodes are separated by an insulating material to keep the insulation between the electrodes; the electrode angles of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, and 13 with equal angles are 140°, and the electrode angles of the triangular columnar electrodes 14 with different angles are 140°－Δα, 10°≥Δα>0°; the center of each triangular columnar electrode 11, 12, 13, 14 is provided with an ion extraction groove 17; the triangular columnar electrodes 14 with different angles are arranged in the direction of ion emission; each A small hole 18 for ion introduction is provided in the center of the end cap electrode 15 . One end cap electrode 15 is arranged at one end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , and the other end cap electrode 15 is arranged at the other end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 . The electrode material of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 can be a conductive material, or an insulating material coated with a conductive coating. The conductive metal material can be one of stainless steel, gold, silver or copper; the insulating material can be one of ceramics, PCB or polymer material.
实施例六：如图1-3所示，一种非对称三角形电极结构离子阱，包括四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14以及两个端盖电极15，其中一个三角形柱状电极14的电极角度与其他三个三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度不同，四个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14和端盖电极15围成近似于长方体的空间立体结构，相对设置的两个三角形柱状电极相互平行，相邻的三角形柱状电极之间使用绝缘材料隔开以保持电极之间的绝缘性；角度相等的三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度为α，角度不同的三角形柱状电极14的电极角度为160°－Δα，10°≥Δα>0°；每个三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的中央设置有离子引出槽17；角度不同的三角形柱状电极14设置在离子出射方向上；每个端盖电极15的中央设置有用于离子引入的小孔18。一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的一端，另一个端盖电极15设置在三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的另一端。三角形柱状电极11、12、13、14的电极材料可以为导电材料，也可以为镀有导电涂层的绝缘材料。导电金属材料可以是不锈钢、金、银或者铜中的一种；绝缘材料以是陶瓷、PCB或者高分子材料中的一种。Embodiment 6: As shown in Figures 1-3, an ion trap with an asymmetrical triangular electrode structure includes four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and two end cap electrodes 15, and one of the triangular columnar electrodes 14 The electrode angle is different from that of the other three triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13. The four triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 and the end cover electrode 15 form a three-dimensional structure similar to a cuboid. The three triangular columnar electrodes are parallel to each other, and the adjacent triangular columnar electrodes are separated by insulating material to maintain the insulation between the electrodes; the electrode angles of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, and 13 with equal angles are α, and the triangular columnar electrodes with different angles The electrode angle of the columnar electrode 14 is 160°-Δα, 10°≥Δα>0°; the center of each triangular columnar electrode 11, 12, 13, 14 is provided with an ion extraction groove 17; the triangular columnar electrodes 14 with different angles are arranged in In the direction of ion emission; the center of each end cap electrode 15 is provided with a small hole 18 for ion introduction. One end cap electrode 15 is arranged at one end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , and the other end cap electrode 15 is arranged at the other end of the triangular columnar electrodes 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 . The electrode material of the triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13, 14 can be a conductive material, or an insulating material coated with a conductive coating. The conductive metal material can be one of stainless steel, gold, silver or copper; the insulating material can be one of ceramics, PCB or polymer material.
现通过计算机对本发明进行仿真，设置其中三个三角形柱状电极11、12、13的电极角度140°不变，改变另一个三角形柱状电极14的角度，分别取135度、136度、137度、138度以及139度，从而引入高阶场成分，使整个离子阱系统内部电场中包括四极场A2、六极场A3、八极场A4等多极场分布，达到离子阱分析性能的优化，验证其质量分辨率。Now simulate the present invention by computer, set the electrode angle 140 ° of three triangular columnar electrodes 11, 12, 13 constant, change the angle of another triangular columnar electrode 14, get 135 °, 136 °, 137 °, 138 ° respectively degrees and 139 degrees, thereby introducing high-order field components, so that the internal electric field of the entire ion trap system includes multi-pole field distributions such as quadrupole field A 2 , hexapole field A 3 , and octopole field A 4 to achieve the best analysis performance of the ion trap. optimized, verifying its mass resolution.
选取质量数分别为609Da、610Da、611Da带正一价电荷的离子各1000个作为测试离子。离子的初始位置设为线性离子阱模型的中心位置，分布状态设为高斯分布，离子的初始能量设为0，分布分布状态设为高斯分布。线性离子阱模型内部选取氦气作为缓冲气以及冷却气，内部空间的气压设为7×10-3Pa，温度设为300K。模拟过程中只观测离子在x-y平面上的运动轨迹。Select 1000 ions with mass numbers of 609Da, 610Da, and 611Da with positive monovalent charge respectively as test ions. The initial position of ions is set to the center position of the linear ion trap model, the distribution state is set to Gaussian distribution, the initial energy of ions is set to 0, and the distribution state is set to Gaussian distribution. In the linear ion trap model, helium is selected as the buffer gas and cooling gas, the pressure of the inner space is set to 7×10 -3 Pa, and the temperature is set to 300K. During the simulation, only the trajectories of ions on the xy plane were observed.
模拟实验中电压的施加方式为“模拟射频扫描模式”。如图4，在x方向和y方向上的两对电极上分别施加大小相等、相位相反的射频电压，射频电压信号频率设为1MHz。同时在x方向上的两个电极上耦合施加大小相等、相位相反的交流电压，交流电压信号频率选取射频电压信号的三分频附近，对于不同结构的三角形电极线性离子阱，交流电压信号幅值需要进一步优化。交流电压作为线性离子阱共振激发电压，当离子的久期频率与交流电压信号频率相等时，离子将产生共振运动，在线性离子阱内部的运动振幅显著加大，并在x方向上的电极狭缝间弹出。通过调节扫描电压的幅值，可以调节线性离子阱的扫描速度，本实验中线性离子阱的扫描速度为1900Da/s左右。The voltage application method in the simulation experiment is "analog radio frequency scanning mode". As shown in Figure 4, RF voltages of equal magnitude and opposite phases are respectively applied to two pairs of electrodes in the x-direction and y-direction, and the frequency of the RF voltage signal is set to 1 MHz. At the same time, apply AC voltages of equal size and opposite phase to the two electrodes in the x direction. The frequency of the AC voltage signal is selected near the third frequency of the RF voltage signal. For linear ion traps with triangular electrodes with different structures, the amplitude of the AC voltage signal Further optimization is required. The AC voltage is used as the resonant excitation voltage of the linear ion trap. When the long-term frequency of the ion is equal to the frequency of the AC voltage signal, the ion will generate a resonant motion, and the amplitude of the motion inside the linear ion trap will be significantly increased, and the electrode in the x direction will be narrowed. Pop out between cracks. By adjusting the amplitude of the scanning voltage, the scanning speed of the linear ion trap can be adjusted. In this experiment, the scanning speed of the linear ion trap is about 1900Da/s.
记录离子的运动轨迹，对离子运动轨迹进行处理，得到仿真模拟的质谱图。测量质谱峰的半峰宽ΔM，三角形电极线性离子阱的质量分辨率R为质量数M与半峰宽ΔM的比值。The trajectory of the ion is recorded, and the trajectory of the ion is processed to obtain a simulated mass spectrum. The half-width ΔM of the mass spectrum peak is measured, and the mass resolution R of the triangular electrode linear ion trap is the ratio of the mass number M to the half-width ΔM.
图5为质量分辨率与电极角度的关系图，从图中可观察到三角形电极线性离子阱的模拟质量分辨率大幅提高，且当角度为137°时，离子阱的质量分辨率最高，其质量分辨率为7186。Figure 5 is the relationship diagram between the mass resolution and the electrode angle. It can be observed from the figure that the simulated mass resolution of the triangular electrode linear ion trap is greatly improved, and when the angle is 137°, the mass resolution of the ion trap is the highest, and its mass The resolution is 7186.
图6为不同电极角度下的高阶场含量与四级场比值的函数关系，从图中可见随着角度的减小，高阶场含量逐渐增加且呈很好的线性关系引入；其中：Figure 6 shows the functional relationship between the high-order field content and the quaternary field ratio at different electrode angles. It can be seen from the figure that as the angle decreases, the high-order field content gradually increases and is introduced in a good linear relationship; where:
高阶场成分分布中，六极场A3的含量在四极场A2的-1%~1%之间；In the high-order field composition distribution, the content of the hexapole field A 3 is between -1% and 1% of the quadrupole field A 2 ;
高阶场成分分布中，八极场A4的含量在四极场A2的-1.5% ~1.5%之间；In the high-order field composition distribution, the content of the octupole field A 4 is between -1.5% and 1.5% of the quadrupole field A 2 ;
高阶场成分分布中，十极场A5的含量在四极场A2的-1.5% ~1.5%之间；In the distribution of high-order field components, the content of the decapolar field A5 is between -1.5% and 1.5 % of the quadrupole field A2 ;
高阶场成分分布中，十二极场A6的含量在四极场A2的-3% ~3%之间。In the distribution of high-order field components, the content of the dodecapolar field A 6 is between -3% and 3% of the quadrupole field A 2 .
通过质谱峰模拟，当出射方向上的一个三角形电极角度变为139度、138度、137度时，如图7所示，三角形电极线性离子阱的模拟质量分辨将大幅提高，分别可达到5673、5989、7186，与四个三角形电极角度保持140度的三角形电极线性离子阱相比，质量分辨率分别提高到2.32倍、2.44倍、2.93倍。当进一步改变三角形电极角度时，六极场和八极场的成分含量也进一步增加，当电极角度变为136度时，六极场与四极场的含量比值为0.22%，八极场与四极场的含量比值为0.47%，此时模拟的质量分辨率开始降低，模拟结果为4200，当三角形电极角度变为135度时，质量分辨率进一步下降，模拟结果为2889，仍然优于四个三角形柱状电极角度保持140度的三角形电极线性离子阱。从模拟质谱峰的波形图中可观察到：前四个波形图中都没有四个三角形电极角度都为140度时的拖尾现象，这表明当单独改变三角形电极线性离子阱出射方向上的一个三角形电极角度时，在一定范围内，可以提高线性离子阱的灵敏度，改善本发明的分析性能。Through mass spectrum peak simulation, when the angle of a triangular electrode in the exit direction changes to 139 degrees, 138 degrees, and 137 degrees, as shown in Figure 7, the simulated mass resolution of the triangular electrode linear ion trap will be greatly improved, reaching 5673, 5989 and 7186, compared with the linear ion trap with four triangular electrodes at an angle of 140 degrees, the mass resolution is increased to 2.32 times, 2.44 times and 2.93 times respectively. When the angle of the triangular electrode is further changed, the composition content of the hexapole field and the octopole field is further increased. The content ratio of the polar field is 0.47%. At this time, the mass resolution of the simulation begins to decrease, and the simulation result is 4200. When the angle of the triangular electrode becomes 135 degrees, the mass resolution further decreases, and the simulation result is 2889, which is still better than the four The angle of the triangular columnar electrode is maintained at 140 degrees. The triangular electrode linear ion trap. It can be observed from the waveform diagrams of the simulated mass spectrum peaks that there is no tailing phenomenon when the angles of the four triangular electrodes are all 140 degrees in the first four waveform diagrams. When the angle of the triangular electrode is within a certain range, the sensitivity of the linear ion trap can be improved, and the analysis performance of the present invention can be improved.
结合图5、图6和图7可知，改变其中一个三角形柱状电极的电极角度，既可以引入一定含量的高阶场成分，又可以提高离子阱的质量分辨率。Combining Figure 5, Figure 6 and Figure 7, it can be seen that changing the electrode angle of one of the triangular columnar electrodes can not only introduce a certain amount of high-order field components, but also improve the mass resolution of the ion trap.
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