CN110157869B - Production method of corrosion-resistant high-chromium alloy casting grinding ball - Google Patents
Production method of corrosion-resistant high-chromium alloy casting grinding ball Download PDFInfo
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- CN110157869B CN110157869B CN201910595098.2A CN201910595098A CN110157869B CN 110157869 B CN110157869 B CN 110157869B CN 201910595098 A CN201910595098 A CN 201910595098A CN 110157869 B CN110157869 B CN 110157869B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
- C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
- C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of a corrosion-resistant high-chromium alloy casting grinding ball, which comprises the following steps: 1) uniformly mixing steel and an additive according to a preset ratio to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the additive comprises: one or a combination of chromium sesquioxide, manganese dioxide and silicon dioxide; 2) putting the mixed raw materials into an intermediate frequency furnace for material melting treatment; 3) pouring the melted raw materials into a casting mould; 4) when the die is cooled to below 400 ℃, demolding to obtain a steel ball blank; 5) the steel ball blank is placed into a steel ball heating basket by using an automatic ball feeder, and the steel ball heating basket is placed into an annealing furnace for annealing treatment; 6) immersing the annealed steel ball heating basket into a quenching oil pool for quenching treatment; 7) and cooling the quenched steel ball to below 40 ℃, and then packaging. By applying the embodiment of the invention, the corrosion-resistant high-chromium alloy casting grinding ball can be efficiently produced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production process of a high-chromium steel ball, in particular to a production method of a corrosion-resistant high-chromium alloy casting grinding ball.
Background
With the development of industrial technologies, there are more and more processes requiring ball milling in industry, for example, in cement manufacturing and mine smelting, raw materials need to be pulverized by a ball milling process.
At present, steel and additives are mixed and then added into an intermediate frequency furnace for heating, molten steel is cast into a mold after being heated and melted, then demolding is carried out, steel balls are manually added into an annealing furnace, the steel balls are heated to a set temperature by using an annealing furnace, then the temperature is reduced according to a set program, an annealing program is completed, then the steel balls are manually taken out from the annealing furnace, then the steel is heated for quenching, and when all processes are connected, manual operation is usually carried out in the connection process of all processes, so the technical problem of low automation degree exists in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a production method of a corrosion-resistant high-chromium alloy casting grinding ball to eliminate potential safety hazards in a steel ball quenching process.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a steel ball heating basket which is of a box-type structure with an open top;
the bottom of the steel ball heating basket is provided with a bulge facing to the top opening;
the embodiment of the invention provides a production method of a corrosion-resistant high-chromium alloy casting grinding ball, which comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing steel and an additive according to a preset ratio to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the additive comprises: one or a combination of chromium sesquioxide, manganese dioxide and silicon dioxide;
2) putting the mixed raw materials into an intermediate frequency furnace for material melting treatment;
3) pouring the melted raw materials into a casting mould;
4) when the die is cooled to below 400 ℃, demolding to obtain a steel ball blank;
5) the steel ball blank is placed into a steel ball heating basket by using an automatic ball feeder, and the steel ball heating basket is placed into an annealing furnace for annealing treatment;
6) immersing the annealed steel ball heating basket into a quenching oil pool for quenching treatment;
7) and cooling the quenched steel ball to below 40 ℃, and then packaging.
Optionally, the automatic ball adding device includes: a steel ball storage box, a valve and a driving cylinder, wherein,
the steel ball storage box is internally provided with steel balls, and the side wall of the steel ball storage box is provided with a steel ball outlet;
the valve is pivoted with the steel ball storage box and seals the steel ball outlet; the driving cylinder drives the valve to close or open the steel ball outlet.
Optionally, an L-shaped driving arm bending downwards is arranged on the side wall of the valve, which is away from the steel ball outlet;
the driving cylinder is positioned below the steel ball storage box, and the bottom end of the L-shaped driving arm is hinged with the first end of the driving cylinder;
the second end of the driving cylinder is arranged at a position lower than the first end.
Optionally, one side of the bottom of the steel ball storage box, which is far away from the steel ball outlet, is higher than one side of the bottom of the steel ball storage box, which is close to the steel ball outlet;
and a vibration cam is further fixed on the outer side of the box bottom of the steel ball storage box.
Optionally, the steel ball heating basket is of a box-type structure with an open top;
the bottom of the steel ball heating basket is provided with a bulge facing to the top opening;
the top of the protrusion is provided with a solid ball, and the diameter of the solid ball is larger than that of one end of the protrusion, which is in contact with the solid ball;
and through holes are formed in the bottom and the side wall of the steel ball heating basket, and the diameter of each through hole is smaller than that of a steel ball loaded in the steel ball heating basket.
Optionally, the protrusion is a conical protrusion.
Optionally, the protrusion has a blind hole therein; and strip-shaped through holes are formed in the side walls of the protrusions.
Optionally, when the mixed raw materials are put into an intermediate frequency furnace for material melting treatment, a dust removal device of the intermediate frequency furnace is used for dust removal treatment, wherein the device comprises: a smoke collecting cover, a flue and a rotating mechanism, wherein,
the smoke collecting hood is communicated with one end of the flue;
the rotating mechanism includes: the upright columns are positioned at the circle center positions of the circumferences where the central points of the at least two intermediate frequency furnaces are positioned; the smoke collecting hood is hoisted at one end of the hoisting bracket; the smoke collecting hood is fixed by a hoisting bracket to rotate by taking the upright post as a central shaft;
the distance between the central shaft of the fume collecting hood and the central shaft of the upright post is equal to the distance between the central shaft of the upright post and the central shaft of any intermediate frequency furnace.
Optionally, the rotating mechanism further includes a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism includes: a motor, a speed reducer, a pinion gear and a bull gear, wherein,
the large gear is sleeved on the outer side wall of the upright post;
the large gear is in transmission connection with the small gear;
the motor is connected with the speed reducer and drives the pinion to rotate through the speed reducer.
Optionally, the fume collecting hood includes: the device comprises a lower smoke collecting hood and an upper smoke collecting hood, wherein a plurality of angle irons are arranged in the upper smoke collecting hood;
the angle iron is arranged in the upper smoke collecting hood in a multi-layer staggered manner; the edges and corners of the angle iron are arranged upwards.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
by applying the embodiment of the invention, the steel ball is loaded into the steel ball heating basket by using the automatic ball loading machine, and then the steel ball heating basket is directly loaded into the quenching furnace to quench the steel ball, compared with the manual connection in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has higher automation degree.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic ball feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of an automatic ball feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration cam of an automatic ball feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a steel ball heating basket according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another steel ball heating basket according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a dust removing device for an intermediate frequency electric furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is another schematic structural diagram of a dust removing device for an intermediate frequency electric furnace according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The embodiment of the invention provides a production method of a corrosion-resistant high-chromium alloy casting grinding ball, which comprises the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing 1000kg of steel and 400kg of additive according to a preset ratio to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the additive comprises: 300kg of chromic oxide, 80kg of manganese dioxide and 20kg of silicon dioxide;
2) putting the mixed raw materials into an intermediate frequency furnace for material melting treatment;
3) pouring the melted raw materials into a casting mould;
4) when the die is cooled to below 400 ℃, demolding to obtain a steel ball blank;
5) the steel ball blank is placed into a steel ball heating basket by using an automatic ball feeding machine, the steel ball heating basket is placed into an annealing furnace, the temperature is raised to 600-800 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 20-100 ℃ per minute, and then the temperature is lowered to 300 ℃ at the temperature lowering rate of 20-50 ℃ per minute, so that annealing treatment is carried out;
6) heating the annealed steel ball heating basket loaded with the steel balls to 600-800 ℃ at a heating rate of 20-100 ℃ per minute, and then immersing the steel ball heating basket into a quenching oil pool for quenching treatment;
7) and cooling the quenched steel ball to below 40 ℃, and then packaging.
In practical application, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be suitable for other various steel ball formulas.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic ball feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is another schematic structural diagram of an automatic ball feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus includes: a steel ball storage box 10, a valve 20 and a driving cylinder 30, wherein,
steel balls are accommodated in the steel ball storage box 10, and a steel ball outlet is formed in the side wall of the steel ball storage box 10;
the valve 20 is pivoted with the steel ball storage box 10, and the valve 20 seals the steel ball outlet; the driving cylinder 30 drives the valve 20 to close or open the steel ball outlet.
When the steel ball storage box works, the steel balls are firstly loaded into the steel ball storage box 10, and usually, 0.5-5 tons of steel balls can be contained in the steel ball storage box 10; and each annealing basket or quenching basket can usually only accommodate about 200kg of steel balls. Then, the valve 20 is opened to open the steel ball outlet on the side wall of the storage box by the contraction of the driving cylinder 30, and the steel ball rolls out of the steel ball outlet under the action of gravity and falls into an annealing basket positioned below the steel ball outlet. When the annealing basket is full, the driving cylinder 30 is extended, the driving valve 20 is rotated, and the steel ball outlet is closed.
It can be understood that the steel ball storage box 10 is a box-shaped structure in a cubic shape, and a steel ball outlet is arranged on the vertical side wall of the steel ball storage box, and the cross section of the steel ball outlet is larger than the maximum cross section size of the steel ball. In order to avoid the problem that the valve 20 is not easy to close due to the fact that a large amount of steel balls gush out, or the annealing basket is filled too quickly, the steel ball outlet can be set to be rectangular, and the side length of the rectangle is set to be 3-5 times of the diameter of the steel balls.
Normally, the driving cylinder 30 is located below the shutter 20 when the shutter 20 is opened, and one end of the piston rod 31 of the driving cylinder 30 may be pivoted on the side of the shutter 20 away from the storage tank; or the driving cylinder 30 is arranged on the side surface of the valve 20 facing the steel ball storage box 10, and the cylinder body of the driving cylinder 30 is connected to the storage box; or the valve 20 or the up-down sliding structure, the driving cylinder 30 lifts or drops the valve 20 to close the steel ball outlet, the embodiment of the present invention does not limit how the valve 20 closes the steel ball outlet, and any connection mode between the driving cylinder 30 and the valve 20 that can close or open the steel ball outlet by driving the valve 20 can be applied to the embodiment of the present invention.
In addition, the steel ball is spherical and is not easy to hold, and particularly under the condition of heavy weight of the steel ball, the embodiment of the invention ingeniously utilizes the characteristics of convenient rolling and heavy self weight of the steel ball, so that the steel ball rolls out of the steel ball outlet under the action of gravity, and the working efficiency can be improved.
In addition, the steel ball just after being demoulded is high in temperature, so that the risk of scalding exists, and manual ball loading is not facilitated. In the prior art, manual operation can be carried out only after the steel ball is cooled to below 70 ℃, and by applying the embodiment of the invention, because an operator does not directly contact with the steel ball, the steel ball with higher temperature just after demoulding can be loaded, so that the cooling time of the steel ball is saved, the heating process before annealing can be shortened, and the consumption of electric energy is saved.
In addition, due to the fact that the weight of the steel ball is large, operators can feel overwork when the steel ball is assembled by the operators for a long time, and further a large number of potential safety hazards can be generated.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to form a slideway for rolling the steel ball after the valve 20 is opened, the bottom of the valve 20 is pivotally fixed below the lower edge of the steel ball outlet through rotation.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to fully utilize the gravity of the shutter 20 and reduce the contraction force when the piston rod 31 contracts, the corresponding gravity of the shutter 20 is greater than the contraction force of the driving cylinder 30.
It is emphasized that the relaxation force of the driving cylinder 30 is greater than the sum of the weight of the shutter 20 and the pressure applied to the shutter 20 by the steel ball.
Further, the valve 20 may be a cambered structure, for example, when the valve 20 is in a vertical state, its projection on the horizontal plane is a curve, and the vertex of the curve is convex toward the direction far away from the steel ball storage box 10; furthermore, two side edges of the valve 20 parallel to the rolling direction of the steel balls are also provided with baffle plates extending upwards, so that the steel balls are prevented from rolling out of the valve 20 area from the side edges of the valve 20 and falling outside the annealing basket.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to avoid that the driving cylinder 30 occupies too much space, an L-shaped driving arm 40 bending downward is disposed on a side wall of the shutter 20 away from the steel ball outlet;
the driving cylinder 30 is positioned below the steel ball storage tank 10, and the bottom end of the L-shaped driving arm 40 is hinged with the first end of the driving cylinder 30;
the second end of the drive cylinder 30 is disposed at a position lower than the first end.
When one end of the piston rod 31 of the driving cylinder 30 is fixed at the lower end of the L-shaped driving arm 40, the piston rod 31 can push the L-shaped driving arm 40 to rotate upwards, and further push the valve 20 to close the steel ball outlet; the piston rod 31 can also pull the L-shaped driving arm 40 to rotate downwards, and further pull the valve 20 to open the steel ball outlet.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to fully utilize the gravity of the shutter 20 and reduce the contraction force when the piston rod 31 contracts, the corresponding gravity of the shutter 20 is greater than the restoring force of the driving cylinder 30.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate the rolling out of the steel balls from the steel ball outlet, one side of the bottom of the steel ball storage box 10 away from the steel ball outlet is higher than one side of the bottom of the steel ball storage box close to the steel ball outlet.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration cam of an automatic ball feeding device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, in order to facilitate rolling out of a steel ball from a steel ball outlet, a vibration cam 50 is further fixed on an outer side of a bottom of the steel ball storage tank 10. The motor 60 drives the vibration cam 50 to rotate through the belt 51, and the vibration cam 50 vibrates the box bottom to shake out the steel ball.
It is understood that any mechanism capable of generating vibration to the bottom of the steel ball storage tank 10, such as an electric cam, a pneumatic cam, a hammer, etc.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate adding the steel balls into the steel ball storage box 10, the top edge of the steel ball storage box 10 expands and extends toward the upper outside of the steel ball storage box 10, so as to form a bell-mouth structure.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate observing a real-time state in the steel ball storage tank 10 and maintaining the steel ball storage tank 10, an observation platform 70 is further fixed outside a sidewall of the steel ball storage tank 10;
the observation platform 70 is in communication with the ground via a step 71.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a steel ball heating basket according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the steel ball heating basket is of a box-type structure with an open top;
the bottom of the steel ball heating basket is provided with a bulge 410 which is open towards the top;
the top of the protrusion 410 is provided with a solid ball 420, and the diameter of the solid ball 420 is larger than that of the end of the protrusion 410 contacting the solid ball 420.
When the embodiment of the invention is applied, the steel ball is loaded in the steel ball heating basket, then the steel ball heating basket is hoisted by using the traveling crane and moved into the annealing furnace, then the steel ball heating basket is placed into the annealing furnace for heating, and the steel ball is heated to a red hot state, so that the annealing of the steel ball is realized.
And then hoisting the steel ball heating basket to the upper part of the quenching bath by using a travelling crane, and then putting down the steel ball heating basket until the steel ball heating basket is immersed in quenching oil. The quenching oil flows into the steel ball heating basket, and then the steel ball is quenched.
In practical applications, the steel ball heating basket has a large number of stacked steel ball layers, and a certain amount of time is required for heat of the quenching furnace to be conducted to the steel balls in the central portion of the steel ball heating basket, so that the inventor has provided the solid balls 420 in the central portion of the steel ball heating basket to accumulate a certain amount of heat in the solid balls 420. For example, the solid balls 420 are also heated when the steel balls are heated, and after the heating is repeated for a plurality of times, a certain amount of heat is accumulated in the solid balls 420, so that the steel balls at the center of the steel ball heating basket can be preheated in the next heating process of the steel balls, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the steel balls.
It is emphasized that the ball heating basket is made of a heat resistant material, such as ceramic, stainless steel or other materials having a softening point above the quenching temperature of the steel balls. The size of the steel ball heating basket is smaller than the size of a hearth of the quenching furnace, so that the steel ball heating basket can be placed into the hearth of the quenching furnace; in addition, the size of the steel ball heating basket should be smaller than that of the quenching oil pool so that the steel ball heating basket can be placed in the quenching oil pool.
By applying the embodiment of the invention, the steel ball is loaded into the steel ball heating basket, and then the steel ball heating basket is directly loaded into the quenching furnace to quench the steel ball, compared with the prior art in which the steel ball is loaded by cutting the cloth pocket, the process of cutting the cloth pocket is cancelled, and the risk of industrial injury is eliminated.
In addition, by applying the embodiment of the invention, the steel balls are hoisted out of the quenching furnace in batches, so that the production efficiency can be improved.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another steel ball heating basket according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, through holes are respectively formed at the bottom and on the side wall of the steel ball heating basket, and the diameter of each through hole is smaller than the diameter of a steel ball loaded in the steel ball heating basket.
In one embodiment of an embodiment of the present invention, the protrusions are tapered protrusions 410 in order to increase the volume of the protrusions 410 to accumulate more heat in the protrusions 410.
In one embodiment of the present invention, to avoid the interference of the solid ball 420 with the steel ball when pouring out the steel ball, the diameter of the solid ball 420 is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the end of the protrusion 410 that contacts the bottom of the steel ball heating basket.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the protrusion 410 has a blind hole 4102 therein for rapidly heating the steel ball at the center of the basket.
Specifically, the extension direction of the blind hole is the same as the direction of the protrusion 410, and the blind hole and the protrusion 410 are both perpendicular to the bottom plane of the steel ball heating basket, so that when the steel ball is heated, hot air can heat the steel ball at the center of the steel ball heating basket through the blind hole 4102.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to further facilitate heating of the steel ball at the central portion of the steel ball heating basket, the side wall of the protrusion 410 is provided with a strip-shaped through hole 4101.
When heating, hot air can enter the steel ball heating basket through the strip-shaped through holes 4101 to heat the steel balls. Compared with the heat transfer of hot air through the bulges 410, the heat transfer efficiency is improved, and the heating speed of the steel balls at the central part of the steel ball heating basket is further improved.
When quenching is carried out, quenching oil can be immersed into the steel ball heating basket through the strip-shaped through holes 4101, so that the entering speed of the quenching oil is increased, and the quenching efficiency is further improved.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to accurately heat the steel balls at the central portion of the steel ball heating basket, a distance from a top point of the solid ball 420 far away from the bottom of the steel ball heating basket to the bottom of the steel ball heating basket is smaller than a height of a side wall of the steel ball heating basket.
The side wall of the steel ball heating basket is also provided with a through hole 430 so as to facilitate heat transfer and quenching oil flow.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, in order to facilitate the hoisting of the steel ball heating basket, a hoisting ring 440 is further arranged at the top of the side wall of the steel ball heating basket.
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a dust removing device for an intermediate frequency electric furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 7 is another schematic structural diagram of a dust removing device for an intermediate frequency electric furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the apparatus includes: a smoke collecting hood 610, a flue 620, and a rotation mechanism 630, wherein,
the smoke collecting hood 610 is communicated with one end of a flue 620;
the rotating mechanism 630 includes: the upright post 631 is positioned at the circle center of the circumference where the central points of the at least two intermediate frequency furnaces 640 are positioned; the fume collecting hood 610 is hung at one end of the hoisting bracket 632; the fume collecting hood 610 is fixed by a hoisting bracket 632 and rotates by taking the upright post 631 as a central shaft;
the distance between the central axis of the fume collecting hood 610 and the central axis of the upright post 631 is equal to the distance between the central axis of the upright post 631 and the central axis of any intermediate frequency furnace 640.
When the embodiment of the invention is used, for example, A, B, C three intermediate frequency furnaces 640 share the dust removing device, in the case that the intermediate frequency furnace A generates smoke dust, the upright post 316 is rotated, the smoke collecting hood 610 in the dust removing device is moved to the intermediate frequency furnace A for dust removal, then in the case that the intermediate frequency furnace B generates smoke dust, the upright post 631 is rotated, the smoke collecting hood 610 in the dust removing device is moved to the intermediate frequency furnace B, and the like. Can realize that a plurality of intermediate frequency furnaces 640 can share one dust removal device.
In addition, the time consumption of the smelting process is long, and smoke dust can be generated only at the initial stage of adding the raw materials into the intermediate frequency furnace 640, so that the condition of collision of dust removal equipment can be avoided only by sequentially adding materials into a plurality of intermediate frequency furnaces 640 when the furnace is opened; in addition, by applying the embodiment of the invention, the raw materials are required to be added to each intermediate frequency furnace 640 in sequence according to the determination of the sequential dust removal, so that one operator can operate a plurality of intermediate frequency furnaces 640, and the working efficiency is improved.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to drive the upright post 631 to rotate, the rotating mechanism 630 further includes a driving mechanism 633, and the driving mechanism 633 includes: a motor 6331, a reducer 6332, a pinion 6333, and a bull gear 6334, wherein,
the bull gear 6334 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the upright post 631;
the large gear 6334 is in transmission connection with the small gear 6333;
the motor 6331 is connected to a speed reducer 6332, and drives the pinion 6333 to rotate through the speed reducer 6332.
Exemplarily, the motor 6331 is driven by electric power to rotate, the motor rotates to drive the speed reducer 6332 to rotate, the speed reducer 6332 rotates to drive the pinion 6333 to rotate, the pinion 6333 rotates to drive the gearwheel 6334 to rotate, the gearwheel 6334 is sleeved with the upright post 631, that is, the two are coaxially fixed together, so that the upright post 631 can be driven to rotate, the movement of the position of the smoke collection cover 610 is further realized, the operation is convenient, and the burden of an operator is reduced.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to avoid the harmful effect of the sparks in the smoke on the dust removing device, the smoke collecting hood 610 includes: a lower smoke collecting hood 611 and an upper smoke collecting hood 612, wherein,
a plurality of angle irons 6121 are arranged in the upper smoke collecting hood 612.
The sparks in the smoke and dust can collide with the angle iron 6121 under the action of the airflow and then can be rebounded to the side wall of the smoke collecting hood 610, the upper smoke collecting hood 612 and the lower smoke collecting hood 611 are both made of steel materials, the sparks can be extinguished through collision, and then the influence of the sparks on the dust removing equipment is avoided, namely the angle iron 6121 forms the spark catcher.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve extinguishing efficiency of sparks, the angle bars 6121 are arranged in the upper smoke collecting hood 612 in a staggered manner in multiple layers.
The angle bars 6121 arranged in a staggered mode in multiple layers can enable sparks to repeatedly impact on the angle bars 6121, and accordingly extinguishing efficiency is improved.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to improve the capturing capability of the spark, the edge angle of the angle bar 6121 is disposed upward.
The angle of the angle bar 6121 is arranged upward, that is, the angle bar 6121 is arranged in a herringbone shape, so that the sparks can be covered inside the angle bar 6121 by the angle bar 6121, and even if escaping sparks exist, the sparks can be captured by the angle bars 121 of other layers and then extinguished.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, in order to observe the furnace condition under the working condition of keeping dust removal, an observation port is formed on the side wall of the lower smoke collecting hood 611;
the viewing port is closed by a laterally open shutter.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to facilitate opening and closing of the shutter 613, a vertical edge of one side of the shutter 613 is pivotally connected to a vertical edge of one side of the viewing port; the other side edge of the shutter 613 is fastened to the other side vertical edge of the viewing port by a bolt.
It is emphasized that the latch is a conventional design for closing the shutter 613, and the detailed structure of the embodiment of the present invention is not described herein.
In a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention, the distance from the bottom edge of the lower fume collecting hood 611 to the top edge of the crucible in the intermediate frequency furnace 640 is 0.3 to 0.6 m.
The inventors found that the dust collecting efficiency for the soot is highest and the resistance to the dust collection is smallest in the case that the distance from the edge of the lower smoke collecting hood 611 to the top edge of the crucible is 0.3 to 0.6 m.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, in order to save space, avoid the smoke exhaust pipe 660 occupying limited space in a workshop, and simultaneously improve the compactness of the equipment, the upright post 631 is of a hollow structure, and the top end of the upright post 631 is in sealed communication with the other end of the flue 620;
the outer side wall of the bottom end of the upright post 631 is provided with a rotary base 650;
the outlet at the bottom end of the upright post 631 is connected with the smoke exhaust pipe 660 in a rotary sealing manner.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The production method of the corrosion-resistant high-chromium alloy casting grinding ball is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing steel and an additive according to a preset ratio to obtain a mixed raw material, wherein the additive comprises: one or a combination of chromium sesquioxide, manganese dioxide and silicon dioxide;
2) putting the mixed raw materials into an intermediate frequency furnace for material melting treatment;
3) pouring the melted raw materials into a casting mould;
4) when the die is cooled to below 400 ℃, demolding to obtain a steel ball blank;
5) the steel ball blank is placed into a steel ball heating basket by using an automatic ball feeder, and the steel ball heating basket is placed into an annealing furnace for annealing treatment; the steel ball heating basket is of a box-type structure with an open top; the bottom of the steel ball heating basket is provided with a bulge facing to the top opening; the top of the protrusion is provided with a solid ball, and the diameter of the solid ball is larger than that of one end of the protrusion, which is in contact with the solid ball; through holes are formed in the bottom and the side wall of the steel ball heating basket, and the diameter of each through hole is smaller than that of a steel ball loaded in the steel ball heating basket;
6) immersing the annealed steel ball heating basket into a quenching oil pool for quenching treatment;
7) cooling the quenched steel ball to below 40 ℃, and then packaging;
the automatic ball feeder comprises: the device comprises a steel ball storage box, a valve and a driving cylinder, wherein the steel ball storage box contains a steel ball, and a steel ball outlet is formed in the side wall of the steel ball storage box; the valve is pivoted with the steel ball storage box and seals the steel ball outlet; the driving cylinder drives the valve to close or open the steel ball outlet; an L-shaped driving arm which bends downwards is arranged on the side wall of the valve, which is far away from the steel ball outlet; the driving cylinder is positioned below the steel ball storage box, and the bottom end of the L-shaped driving arm is hinged with the first end of the driving cylinder; the second end of the driving cylinder is arranged at a position lower than the first end; one side of the bottom of the steel ball storage box, which is far away from the steel ball outlet, is higher than one side of the bottom of the steel ball storage box, which is close to the steel ball outlet; and a vibration cam is further fixed on the outer side of the box bottom of the steel ball storage box.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the protrusions are tapered protrusions.
3. The method for producing a corrosion-resistant high-chromium alloy cast grinding ball according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion has a blind hole therein; and strip-shaped through holes are formed in the side walls of the protrusions.
4. The method for producing the corrosion-resistant high-chromium alloy casting grinding ball according to claim 1, wherein when the mixed raw materials are charged into a medium-frequency furnace for material melting treatment, a dust removal treatment is performed using a medium-frequency furnace dust removal device, wherein the device comprises: a smoke collecting cover, a flue and a rotating mechanism, wherein,
the smoke collecting hood is communicated with one end of the flue;
the rotating mechanism includes: the upright columns are positioned at the circle center positions of the circumferences where the central points of the at least two intermediate frequency furnaces are positioned; the smoke collecting hood is hoisted at one end of the hoisting bracket; the smoke collecting hood is fixed by a hoisting bracket to rotate by taking the upright post as a central shaft;
the distance between the central shaft of the fume collecting hood and the central shaft of the upright post is equal to the distance between the central shaft of the upright post and the central shaft of any intermediate frequency furnace.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the rotating mechanism further comprises a drive mechanism, the drive mechanism comprising: a motor, a speed reducer, a pinion gear and a bull gear, wherein,
the large gear is sleeved on the outer side wall of the upright post;
the large gear is in transmission connection with the small gear;
the motor is connected with the speed reducer and drives the pinion to rotate through the speed reducer.
6. The method for producing a corrosion resistant high chromium alloy cast grinding ball according to claim 4 wherein said fume collecting hood comprises: the device comprises a lower smoke collecting hood and an upper smoke collecting hood, wherein a plurality of angle irons are arranged in the upper smoke collecting hood;
the angle iron is arranged in the upper smoke collecting hood in a multi-layer staggered manner; the edges and corners of the angle iron are arranged upwards.
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| CN113215382B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2023-02-03 | 安徽省三方新材料科技有限公司 | Mine is with wear-resisting ball heat treatment device of high chromium |
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| CN101705435B (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2011-12-28 | 安徽省凤形耐磨材料股份有限公司 | Production method of ultrahard high-chromium cast grinding ball |
| CN103060667A (en) * | 2013-01-05 | 2013-04-24 | 宁国市中意耐磨材料有限公司 | Super-hard middle-chrome cast grinding ball and production process thereof |
| CN106868421A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-06-20 | 芜湖市永帆精密模具科技有限公司 | A kind of chromium cracking resistance abrasion-proof steel ball high and preparation method thereof |
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