CN110157458B - Microwave pyrolysis system and application method thereof - Google Patents
Microwave pyrolysis system and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110157458B CN110157458B CN201910569006.3A CN201910569006A CN110157458B CN 110157458 B CN110157458 B CN 110157458B CN 201910569006 A CN201910569006 A CN 201910569006A CN 110157458 B CN110157458 B CN 110157458B
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 61
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B43/00—Preventing or removing incrustations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion with stationary charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a microwave pyrolysis system and a use method thereof, wherein microwave generators are arranged on a microwave pyrolysis section, an active carbon section and a graphite section, a baffle and a dust cover are sequentially arranged in the microwave pyrolysis section from bottom to top, pulverized coal is pyrolyzed in the microwave pyrolysis section, raw gas and a small amount of dust are generated at the same time, the raw gas carries the dust to rise, when passing through a plurality of baffles arranged in the microwave pyrolysis section, a large amount of dust is blocked and falls under the action of gravity, a small amount of dust is continuously carried by the raw gas to rise to the dust cover, the dust is further isolated and heated by the microwave generators, the microwave pyrolysis has the characteristics of unique heat conduction rule, uniform internal and external heating, high heating rate and selective heating, the pyrolysis efficiency can be improved, the yield of pyrolysis products and the quality of products can be improved, the nitrogen content of the obtained raw gas can be controlled, and the high-quality raw gas can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy chemical industry, and particularly relates to a microwave pyrolysis system and a use method thereof.
Background
The energy structure of our country is characterized by rich coal, lean oil and less gas, and is used as the largest country for producing and consuming coal in the world, and the coal resource is used as the dominant energy of our country for a long time. Statistically, china has ascertained that the coal reserves are 1145 hundred million tons, and the medium-low rank coal accounts for 55.15% of the national reserved resources. With the wide use of modern coal mining comprehensive technology, the lump coal yield is reduced (from 40% to 10-20% at present), and the pulverized coal yield is increased (from 60% to 80-90% at present). The pulverized coal has the problems of easy dust emission, easy explosion, flammability, high comprehensive utilization difficulty and the like, and the coal pyrolysis technology is considered as the most effective way for the efficient clean utilization of coal.
The low-rank coal has the characteristics of high moisture content, easy weathering and spontaneous combustion, difficult sorting, difficult long-distance transportation and storage, and the like, so that the comprehensive utilization of the low-rank coal is greatly limited. At present, the low-metamorphic coal upgrading synergy application approach mainly comprises low-temperature pyrolysis of medium temperature to produce half angle, coal tar and raw gas. In the prior art, in order to ensure that coal in a carbonization chamber has certain air permeability, lump coal with the diameter of more than 30mm can be used as a raw material in production, and for pulverized coal with the diameter of less than 6mm, the furnace pressure is too high due to poor air permeability of a material layer, so that the production cannot be performed, and meanwhile, coal gas generated in the low-metamorphic coal pyrolysis process brings pulverized coal in the coal material into raw coal gas when passing through the material layer, so that the subsequent coal tar contains a large amount of pulverized coal and is not easy to separate. During the production process, a large amount of VOCs and dust are generated due to the furnace roof and water quenching. At present, air is generally used as a combustion improver, and an internal heating type pyrolysis technology is adopted, so that the nitrogen content in raw gas exceeds 40%, the heat value of the raw gas is greatly reduced, and the utilization of the high added value of the raw gas is limited. Pulverized coal pyrolysis is a worldwide industrial problem and is widely concerned by domestic and foreign industries.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a microwave pyrolysis system and a use method thereof, and aims to prevent dust from being generated in the pulverized coal pyrolysis process, separate the dust for multiple times and reduce the nitrogen content of raw gas.
In order to solve the problems, the invention solves the problems through the following technical scheme:
the microwave pyrolysis system comprises a microwave pyrolysis section, an activated carbon section and a graphite section, wherein a feed inlet of the microwave pyrolysis section is connected with a pulverized coal feeding mechanism, a discharge outlet of the microwave pyrolysis section is connected with a feed inlet of the activated carbon section, a discharge outlet of the activated carbon section is connected with a feed inlet of the graphite section, and a discharge outlet of the graphite section is connected with a graphite storage section; the microwave pyrolysis device comprises a microwave pyrolysis section, an activated carbon section and a graphite section, wherein microwave generators are arranged on the microwave pyrolysis section, a baffle and a dust cover are sequentially arranged in the microwave pyrolysis section from bottom to top, and ventilation slits are formed in the baffle.
Further, a first gas outlet is formed in the top of the microwave pyrolysis section, a high-temperature-resistant dust removal cloth bag is connected to the first gas outlet, and a second gas outlet is formed in the high-temperature-resistant dust removal cloth bag; the bottom of active carbon section is provided with gas inlet, the top of active carbon section is provided with third gas outlet, follow supreme baffle and the dust cover of having set gradually down in the active carbon section.
Further, a plurality of layers of baffles are arranged in the microwave pyrolysis section, a plurality of ventilation slits are uniformly distributed on each layer of baffles, and the clearance of each ventilation slit is 1-2 mm; the dust cover is of a net structure, and the diameter of the net holes is smaller than 0.1mm.
Further, the device also comprises a preheating section and a cooling section, wherein a feed inlet of the preheating section is connected with a pulverized coal feeding mechanism, and a discharge outlet of the preheating section is connected with a feed inlet of the microwave pyrolysis section; the feed inlet of cooling section with the discharge gate of graphite section is connected, the discharge gate of cooling section is connected with graphite storage section.
Further, a first heat exchange tube is arranged on the preheating section, a second heat exchange tube is arranged on the cooling section, and the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube are communicated through a pipeline to form a circulation loop.
Further, the pulverized coal feeding mechanism comprises a step type belt conveying mechanism and a lifting mechanism, the step type belt conveying mechanism is in butt joint with the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is in butt joint with a feed inlet of the preheating section, and a pulverized coal tray is placed on a step of the step type belt conveying mechanism.
Further, the pulverized coal tray comprises a pulverized coal tray bottom and a pulverized coal tray frame arranged at the bottom of the pulverized coal tray bottom, wherein the pulverized coal tray bottom is of a net structure, and the caliber of the net is smaller than 1mm.
Further, a first microwave shielding device is arranged at the feed inlet end of the microwave pyrolysis section, and a second microwave shielding device is arranged at the discharge outlet end of the graphite section.
The application method of the microwave pyrolysis system comprises the following steps: and (3) conveying pulverized coal to the microwave pyrolysis section, starting a microwave generator arranged on the microwave pyrolysis section, heating at a first temperature to obtain pulverized coke, conveying the obtained pulverized coke to the activated carbon section, starting the microwave generator on the activated carbon section, heating at a second temperature to obtain activated carbon, conveying the obtained activated carbon to the graphite section, starting the microwave generator on the graphite section, heating at a third temperature to obtain graphite, and conveying the obtained graphite to the graphite storage section.
Further, the first temperature is 650-750 ℃, the second temperature is 900-1000 ℃, and the third temperature is 1500-1800 ℃; when the microwave generator on the activated carbon section is started, water vapor and/or carbon dioxide gas is introduced from the gas inlet.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the invention is provided with microwave generators on a microwave pyrolysis section, an active carbon section and a graphite section, a baffle and a dust cover are sequentially arranged in the microwave pyrolysis section from bottom to top, and ventilation slits are arranged on the baffle and used for gas to pass through and filtering dust. The pulverized coal is pyrolyzed in the microwave pyrolysis section, raw coke oven gas and a small amount of dust are generated simultaneously, the raw coke oven gas carries the dust to rise, when passing through the multilayer baffle plate arranged in the microwave pyrolysis section, gas continues to rise through the ventilation slits, a large amount of dust is blocked by the baffle plate and sinks under the action of gravity, a small amount of dust continues to be carried by the raw coke oven gas to rise to the dust cover, the dust is further isolated and heated by the microwave generator, the microwave pyrolysis has the characteristics of unique heat conduction rule, uniform internal and external heating, high heating rate and selective heating, biomass, sludge, coal, oil sludge, oil shale and other materials can be pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis efficiency is improved, the yield of pyrolysis products is increased, the quality of products is improved, the nitrogen content of the obtained raw coke oven gas is controlled, and the high-quality raw coke oven gas can be obtained. In summary, the invention designs a system for multiple inhibition of dust generation and dust isolation, and separates dust for multiple times, so that dust is not easy to generate, and meanwhile, the nitrogen content in raw gas is reduced through microwave heating.
Further, the top of the microwave pyrolysis section is provided with a first gas outlet, the first gas outlet is connected with a high-temperature-resistant dust removing cloth bag, the high-temperature-resistant dust removing cloth bag is provided with a second gas outlet, a very small amount of dust continuously enters the high-temperature-resistant dust removing cloth bag with raw gas through the first gas outlet, the high-temperature-resistant dust removing cloth bag further separates the dust from the raw gas, and the raw gas which does not contain dust basically enters a cooling section of the raw gas through the second gas outlet for conventional treatment, so that the dust is removed better.
Further, the clearance of ventilation slit is 1~2mm, and the diameter of mesh is less than 0.1mm, can effectual dust removal.
Further, a first heat exchange tube is arranged on the preheating section, a second heat exchange tube is arranged on the cooling section, the first heat exchange tube is communicated with the second heat exchange tube through a pipeline to form a circulation loop, cold heat conduction oil enters the second heat exchange tube through a heat conduction oil inlet, the cold heat conduction oil exchanges heat with high-temperature graphite, the graphite is cooled, meanwhile, the heat conduction oil is heated, hot heat conduction oil enters the first heat exchange tube on the preheating section through a conduit, the cooled pulverized coal is preheated through the first heat exchange tube, the heat conduction oil is cooled at the same time, the cooled heat conduction oil is continuously recycled through a circulating cooling oil outlet, and enters the thermal circulation system from a cooling oil inlet to recycle heat energy.
Further, the pulverized coal tray is placed on the step of the step type belt conveying mechanism, the step type belt conveying mechanism is used for being in butt joint with the lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is in butt joint with the feed inlet of the preheating section, so that dust emission can be reduced as much as possible.
Further, the fine coal tray comprises a fine coal tray bottom and a fine coal tray frame arranged at the bottom of the fine coal tray bottom, the fine coal tray bottom is of a net structure, the caliber of the net is smaller than 1mm, the even entry of the activated carbon section gas is facilitated, and the fine coal tray frame ensures the safe operation of the bottom of the fine coal tray.
The method for using the microwave pyrolysis system comprises the steps of conveying pulverized coal to a microwave pyrolysis section, starting a microwave generator arranged on the microwave pyrolysis section, heating at a first temperature to obtain powdered coke, conveying the obtained powdered coke to an activated carbon section, starting the microwave generator on the activated carbon section, heating at a second temperature to obtain activated carbon, conveying the obtained activated carbon to a graphite section, starting the microwave generator on the graphite section, heating at a third temperature to obtain graphite, and conveying the obtained graphite to a graphite storage section. The continuous feeding and continuous production process can be adopted, and the pulverized coal can be optionally continuously fed into an activated carbon working section and a graphite working section after pyrolysis. The high-quality powdered coke, activated carbon and graphene can be continuously produced, the whole system is sealed, VOC and dust are not generated, and the environment is protected and energy is saved.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view (front view) of the microwave thermal stage of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the microwave thermal stage of the present invention (left side view);
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a baffle plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the dust cap of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the pulverized coal tray of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a belt wheel; 2-a second heat exchange tube; 3-cooling section; 4-graphite section; 5-an activated carbon section; 7-a microwave pyrolysis section; 8-a dust cover; 81-a guide rail; 82-a dust screen; 83-stretching hooks; 9-a microwave generator; 10-a first heat exchange tube; 11-a preheating section; 12-step belt conveyor mechanism; 13-pulverized coal trays; 131-pulverized coal tray bottom; 132-pulverized coal tray rack; 14-a bucket; 15-piling the pulverized coal; 16-lifting mechanism; 17-a first microwave shield; 18-a baffle; 181-ventilation slits; 19-a second microwave shield; 20-a high-temperature resistant dust removing cloth bag; 21-a first gas outlet; 22-a second gas outlet; 23-gas inlet; 24-a third gas outlet.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a microwave pyrolysis system comprises a preheating section 11, a microwave pyrolysis section 7, an activated carbon section 5, a graphite section 4 and a cooling section 3, wherein a feed inlet of the preheating section 11 is connected with a pulverized coal feeding mechanism, in particular, the pulverized coal feeding mechanism comprises a step type belt conveying mechanism 12 and a lifting mechanism 16, a pulverized coal tray 13 is placed on the step type belt conveying mechanism 12, a pulverized coal pile 15 is piled in front of the lower end of the step type belt conveying mechanism 12, and pulverized coal is loaded into the pulverized coal tray 13 by using a tool, a bucket 14 is preferably selected, and the bucket 14 is an automatic bucket; as shown in fig. 6, the pulverized coal tray 13 of the present invention includes a pulverized coal tray bottom 131 and a pulverized coal tray frame 132 disposed at the bottom of the pulverized coal tray bottom 131, wherein the pulverized coal tray bottom 131 is of a net structure, the caliber of the net is smaller than 1mm, which is favorable for uniform gas entering in the activated carbon section 5, and in order to ensure safe operation of the pulverized coal tray bottom, a pulverized coal tray frame 132 with a certain strength is added at the pulverized coal tray bottom.
The high end of the step type belt conveying mechanism 12 is in butt joint with the lifting mechanism 16, an automatic lifter is preferably selected, and the lifting mechanism 16 is in butt joint with the feed inlet of the preheating section 11. The discharge gate of preheating section 11 is connected with the feed inlet of microwave pyrolysis section 7, and the discharge gate of microwave pyrolysis section 7 is connected with the feed inlet of active carbon section 5, and the discharge gate of active carbon section 5 is connected with the feed inlet of graphite section 4, and the discharge gate of graphite section 4 is connected with the feed inlet of cooling section 3, and the discharge gate of cooling section 3 is connected with the graphite storage section. Specifically, pulverized coal between the discharge port of the preheating section 11 and the feed port of the microwave pyrolysis section 7, between the discharge port of the microwave pyrolysis section 7 and the feed port of the activated carbon section 5, between the discharge port of the activated carbon section 5 and the feed port of the graphite section 4, between the discharge port of the graphite section 4 and the feed port of the cooling section 3, and between the discharge port of the ink cooling section 3 and the graphite storage section is transported by a flat belt conveyor, as shown in fig. 1, and the flat belt conveyor continuously transports the pulverized coal under the driving of the belt pulley 1.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, microwave generators 9 are arranged on the microwave pyrolysis section 7, the activated carbon section 5 and the graphite section 4, a first microwave shielding device 17 is arranged at the feed inlet end of the microwave pyrolysis section 7, and a second microwave shielding device 19 is arranged at the discharge outlet end of the graphite section 4. The top of the microwave pyrolysis section 7 is provided with a first gas outlet 21, the first gas outlet 21 is connected with a high-temperature-resistant dust collection cloth bag 20, the high-temperature-resistant dust collection cloth bag 20 is provided with a second gas outlet 22, a plurality of layers of baffle plates 18 and a plurality of layers of overlapped dust covers 8 are sequentially arranged in the microwave pyrolysis section 7 from bottom to top, and a plurality of ventilation slits 181 for gas to pass through are uniformly distributed on the baffle plates 18. In order to prevent a large amount of dust from being generated, the pulverized coal is loaded through the pulverized coal tray 13, and then the pulverized coal tray 13 is moved, so that the pulverized coal is relatively static, and dust emission is avoided; the pulverized coal is pyrolyzed in the microwave pyrolysis section 7, raw gas and a small amount of dust are generated at the same time, the raw gas carries the dust to rise, and when passing through the multi-layer baffle 18 arranged in the microwave pyrolysis section 7, the large amount of dust is blocked and falls under the action of gravity; a small amount of dust is carried by the raw gas and rises to the dust cover 8, and the dust is further isolated; and a very small amount of dust continuously enters the high-temperature-resistant dust removing cloth bag 20 together with the raw gas through the first gas outlet 21, the high-temperature-resistant dust removing cloth bag 20 further separates the dust from the raw gas, and the raw gas which does not contain the dust basically enters a cooling section of the raw gas through the second gas outlet 22 for conventional treatment. Through foretell isolation dust collector, basically not contain the dust in the raw coke oven gas, can thoroughly solve the problem that the dust is difficult to separate among the fine coal pyrolysis process, this problem is the technical problem that current fine coal pyrolysis is difficult to overcome, also is the bottleneck problem that influences fine coal pyrolysis industrialization process.
As shown in fig. 1, a gas inlet 23 is arranged at the bottom of the activated carbon section 5, a third gas outlet 24 is arranged at the top of the activated carbon section 5, and a baffle 18 and a dust cover 8 are sequentially arranged in the activated carbon section 5 from bottom to top. In the activated carbon section, steam or (and) carbon dioxide gas enters the activated carbon section 5 through the gas inlet 23 to activate the coke breeze, the coke breeze is converted into activated carbon at high temperature, the generated waste gas enters the gas recovery section through the third gas outlet 24, and dust in waste is removed by the baffle 18 and the dust cover 8.
As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of ventilation slits 181 are uniformly distributed on the baffle 18, specifically, the ventilation slits 181 are shaped like tongues, that is, slits similar to the tongues are cut on the baffle 18, and the cut portions are ejected toward one end surface of the baffle 18, so as to form the ventilation slits 181, because the particle size of pulverized coal is 3-6 mm, the generated dust is generally about 1mm, and the aperture of the ventilation slits 181 is designed to be 1-2 mm, so that loss of pulverized coal can be prevented, and formation of pulverized coal is facilitated. As shown in fig. 2, the baffle 18 is provided with several layers to better block dust. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the dust cover 8 is a metal sponge type dust cover, the dust cover 8 includes a guide rail 81, a dust screen 82 and a stretching hook 83, the dust screen 82 is a net structure, the diameter of the net is smaller than 0.1mm, the smaller the aperture is, the better the dust isolation effect is, but at the same time, the dust screen is easy to be blocked, so that back blowing is required to remove dust adhered to the duct, the guide rail 81 is connected in the microwave pyrolysis section 7, when the dust screen 82 is blocked by the dust screen, the automatic replacement can be performed, the draw hook of the stretching machine is connected with the stretching hook 83 of the dust cover, the dust screen 82 is pulled out along the guide rail 81 under the action of the stretching machine, and a new dust screen 82 is simultaneously installed to the original position of the dust screen along the guide rail 81.
As shown in fig. 1, a first heat exchange tube 10 is disposed on the preheating section 11, a second heat exchange tube 2 is disposed on the cooling section 3, the first heat exchange tube 10 and the second heat exchange tube 2 are communicated through a pipeline, the pipeline is a circulation pipeline, cooled heat conduction oil enters from a cooling oil inlet, after heat exchange is performed through the second heat exchange tube 2, the cooled heat conduction oil continuously flows through the first heat exchange tube 10 through the pipeline, after heat exchange is performed, the cooled heat conduction oil continuously flows through the first heat exchange tube 10 through the circulation pipeline, and thus heat exchange is performed circularly.
The application method of the invention comprises the following steps: filling the pulverized coal trays 13 with pulverized coal in the pulverized coal pile 15 lightly by using an automatic bucket 14, conveying the pulverized coal trays 13 filled with the pulverized coal to an automatic lifting mechanism 16 through a step-type belt conveying mechanism 12, and lightly lowering the pulverized coal trays to a preheating section 11 by the automatic lifting mechanism 16; in the preheating section, the first heat exchange tube 10 is provided with heat conduction oil from the second heat exchange tube 2, pulverized coal is preheated through the heat conduction oil from the second heat exchange tube 2, after preheating, a microwave shielding device 17 is started, a pulverized coal tray 3 is sent into a pulverized coal microwave heating stage 7 through a belt pulley 1, a microwave generator 9 is started, the pulverized coal is pyrolyzed at the temperature of 650-750 ℃, and the pyrolyzed pulverized coal becomes pulverized coal; continuously feeding the coke breeze into an activated carbon section 5 under the action of a belt wheel 1, starting a microwave generator 9 of the section, and further heating the coke breeze into activated carbon at 900-1000 ℃; then, under the action of the belt pulley 1, the pulverized coal tray 3 is conveyed to the graphite section 4, the microwave shielding device 19 is started, the microwave generator 9 of the section is started, active carbon is further heated to graphite at 1500-1800 ℃, then graphite in the graphite section 4 is conveyed to the cooling section 3 through the belt conveyor, heat conduction oil is introduced into the second heat exchange tube 2 from the cooling oil inlet, graphite is cooled through the second heat exchange tube 2 under the action of the heat conduction oil, and cooled graphite is conveyed to the graphite storage section through the graphite outlet.
Cold heat conduction oil enters the second heat exchange tube 2 through a heat conduction oil inlet, the cold heat conduction oil exchanges heat with high-temperature graphite, the heat conduction oil is heated while cooling the graphite, the hot heat conduction oil enters the first heat exchange tube 10 on the preheating section 11 through a guide tube, the cooled pulverized coal is preheated through the first heat exchange tube 10, the heat conduction oil is cooled at the same time, the cooled heat conduction oil is continuously recycled through a circulating cooling oil outlet, and enters a thermal circulation system from a cooling oil inlet to recycle heat energy.
Of course, in the application method of the invention, according to actual requirements, only the microwave heating stage 7 can be started, the microwave generator 9 can be started, the pulverized coal is pyrolyzed at 650-750 ℃, the pyrolyzed pulverized coal becomes pulverized coke, and then the pulverized coke and the pulverized coke are directly sent to the cooling section 3 and stored after being cooled. Or alternatively, the microwave heating stage 7 can be selectively started, the microwave generator 9 is started, the pulverized coal is pyrolyzed at the temperature of 650-750 ℃, the pulverized coal becomes coke breeze after pyrolysis, the coke breeze enters the activated carbon section 5, the microwave generator 9 of the section is started, the coke breeze is heated to be activated carbon at the temperature of 900-1000 ℃, then the coke breeze is directly sent to the cooling section 3, and the coke breeze is stored after being cooled. In summary, the invention adopts continuous feeding and continuous production technology, and can be optionally continuously fed into an active carbon working section and a graphite working section after pulverized coal pyrolysis.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, but not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A microwave pyrolysis system, characterized in that: the device comprises a microwave pyrolysis section (7), an active carbon section (5) and a graphite section (4), wherein a feed inlet of the microwave pyrolysis section (7) is connected with a pulverized coal feeding mechanism, a discharge outlet of the microwave pyrolysis section (7) is connected with a feed inlet of the active carbon section (5), a discharge outlet of the active carbon section (5) is connected with a feed inlet of the graphite section (4), and a discharge outlet of the graphite section (4) is connected with a graphite storage section; the microwave pyrolysis device is characterized in that microwave generators (9) are arranged on the microwave pyrolysis section (7), the active carbon section (5) and the graphite section (4), a baffle (18) and a dust cover (8) are sequentially arranged in the microwave pyrolysis section (7) from bottom to top, and ventilation slits (181) are formed in the baffle (18);
a first gas outlet (21) is formed in the top of the microwave pyrolysis section (7), a high-temperature-resistant dust collection cloth bag (20) is connected to the first gas outlet (21), and a second gas outlet (22) is formed in the high-temperature-resistant dust collection cloth bag (20); the bottom of the activated carbon section (5) is provided with a gas inlet (23), the top of the activated carbon section (5) is provided with a third gas outlet (24), and a baffle (18) and a dust cover (8) are sequentially arranged in the activated carbon section (5) from bottom to top;
a plurality of layers of baffle plates (18) are arranged in the microwave pyrolysis section (7), a plurality of ventilation slits (181) are uniformly distributed on each layer of baffle plates (18), and the gap of each ventilation slit (181) is 1-2 mm; the dust cover (8) is of a net structure, and the diameter of the net holes is smaller than 0.1mm.
2. A microwave pyrolysis system according to claim 1 wherein: the device also comprises a preheating section (11) and a cooling section (3), wherein a feed inlet of the preheating section (11) is connected with a pulverized coal feeding mechanism, and a discharge outlet of the preheating section (11) is connected with a feed inlet of the microwave pyrolysis section (7); the feeding port of the cooling section (3) is connected with the discharging port of the graphite section (4), and the discharging port of the cooling section (3) is connected with the graphite storage section.
3. A microwave pyrolysis system according to claim 2 wherein: the preheating section (11) is provided with a first heat exchange tube (10), the cooling section (3) is provided with a second heat exchange tube (2), and the first heat exchange tube (10) and the second heat exchange tube (2) are communicated through a pipeline to form a circulation loop.
4. A microwave pyrolysis system according to claim 2 wherein: the pulverized coal feeding mechanism comprises a step type belt conveying mechanism (12) and a lifting mechanism (16), wherein the step type belt conveying mechanism (12) is in butt joint with the lifting mechanism (16), the lifting mechanism (16) is in butt joint with a feed inlet of the preheating section (11), and a pulverized coal tray (13) is placed on a step of the step type belt conveying mechanism (12).
5. A microwave pyrolysis system according to claim 4 wherein: the pulverized coal tray (13) comprises a pulverized coal tray bottom (131) and a pulverized coal tray frame (132) arranged at the bottom of the pulverized coal tray bottom (131), the pulverized coal tray bottom (131) is of a net structure, and the caliber of the net is smaller than 1mm.
6. A microwave pyrolysis system according to claim 1 wherein: the feeding port end of the microwave pyrolysis section (7) is provided with a first microwave shielding device (17), and the discharging port end of the graphite section (4) is provided with a second microwave shielding device (19).
7. The method for using a microwave pyrolysis system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: delivering pulverized coal to the microwave pyrolysis section (7), starting a microwave generator (9) arranged on the microwave pyrolysis section (7), heating at a first temperature to obtain pulverized coal, delivering the obtained pulverized coal to the activated carbon section (5), starting the microwave generator (9) on the activated carbon section (5), heating at a second temperature to obtain activated carbon, delivering the obtained activated carbon to the graphite section (4), starting the microwave generator (9) on the graphite section (4), heating at a third temperature to obtain graphite, and delivering the obtained graphite to the graphite storage section.
8. A method of using a microwave pyrolysis system according to claim 7, wherein: the first temperature is 650-750 ℃, the second temperature is 900-1000 ℃, and the third temperature is 1500-1800 ℃; when the microwave generator (9) on the activated carbon section (5) is started, water vapor and/or carbon dioxide gas is introduced from the gas inlet (23).
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| CN111517310B (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2021-06-01 | 山东沃烯新材料科技有限公司 | Popped device of continuous microwave of graphite alkene |
| CN115505414A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-12-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oil production system and method of small-particle oil shale |
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