CN106513423A - Waste circuit board recycling system and method - Google Patents
Waste circuit board recycling system and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106513423A CN106513423A CN201611120143.1A CN201611120143A CN106513423A CN 106513423 A CN106513423 A CN 106513423A CN 201611120143 A CN201611120143 A CN 201611120143A CN 106513423 A CN106513423 A CN 106513423A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- pyrolysis
- circuit board
- oven
- useless circuit
- useless
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Abstract
The invention relates to a waste circuit board recycling system and method. the system comprises a waste circuit board pyrolyzing furnace, a static separator and a multi-section furnace which are arranged in sequence; the waste circuit board pyrolyzing furnace is internally provided with a reaction chamber and a burner; a feeding opening and a pyrolyzing oil gas outlet are formed in the top of the waste circuit board pyrolyzing furnace; a pyrolyzing solid outlet is formed in the bottom of the waste circuit board pyrolyzing furnace; the static separator is provided with a pyrolyzing solid inlet and a pyrolytic carbon outlet, the pyrolyzing solid inlet is connected with the pyrolyzing solid outlet of the waste circuit board pyrolyzing furnace; and the multi-section furnace is provided with a pyrolyzing carbon inlet, an excitation gas inlet and an activated carbon outlet, and the pyrolyzing carbon inlet is connected with the pyrolyzing carbon outlet of the static separator. According to the technical scheme, through precise temperature control over the pyrolyzing process, metal and non-metal in a waste circuit board can be better separated, separated-out pyrolytic carbon can be excited in time, and sufficient utilization of energy is achieved to the maximum degree.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates generally to a kind for the treatment of technology of useless circuit board, and in particular to what a kind of useless circuit board was recycled is
System and method.
Background technology
The comparison of ingredients of useless circuit board is mixed and disorderly, in addition to wiring board is printed, also rich in integrated circuit and various electronics unit device
Part, principal component are the organic substances such as the micro noble metal of silicon dioxide, Copper Foil, lead, stannum, ferrum and plastics, resin, paint, because
And it is bigger than useless copper-clad plate, the useless disposal difficulty for printing wiring board to dispose difficulty.
The recovery of useless circuit board is a considerably complicated process.At present, focus principally on both at home and abroad and precious metal is returned
The research of receipts, but and research of resource innoxious with regard to nonmetallic materials is relatively fewer.From the composition of PCB it can be seen that
Resin and plastic Polymer material accounts for the 30% or so of useless PCB weight, adds glass fibre together with resin-bonded etc. and increases
Strong material, its weight reach circuit board gross weight more than 60%.The reinforcing material of circuit board is mainly glass fabric, therefore has
There is very high recycling value.
Useless circuit board pyrolysis at present mainly has two kinds of different process, and one is that old circuit board is all carried out after pretreatment
Pyrolysis；Two is the preprocessed crushing of useless circuit board, and the nonmetallic residue reclaimed after metal by physical method is pyrolyzed.The first
Pyrolytic process can be such that organic binding materials such as the brominated epoxy resin in circuit board decompose at high temperature, destroy cohering for resin bed
The compositions such as effect, metal and glass fibre are stayed in the reactor as solid phase residue, with simple crushing, magnetic separation, vortex flow
The methods such as sorting are sorted recovery, and the gas and tar for being pyrolyzed generation in addition can be used as fuel or industrial chemicals, belong to " preposition
Pyrolysismethod ".Second process route is recovered energy or industrial chemicals two physiochemical mutagens metal and pyrolysis processing nonmetallic
Process is together in series, and belongs to " rearmounted pyrolysismethod ".If by useless circuit board be raw material, Jing carbonization after can produce fuel-displaced, gas and
Solid carbon, part substitute the resources such as coal, oil, natural gas.But, in order to ensure economic benefit, it is still desirable to develop to useless electricity
Road plate is pyrolyzed mutually suitable process route.
It is firm yet with metal in the useless circuit board having and non-metallic bond, as useless circuit board intensity is high, hardness is big,
And each main component pyrolysis fusion temperature differs greatly, thus the control of pyrolysis temperature is quite important, if control temperature is not
When pyrolysis efficiency is low, metal can not be separated or each composition pyrolysis devolatilization is insufficient very well with nonmetallic, do not reached pyrolysis and required, no
It is easy to later use.
Further, due to the particularity of useless circuit board composition so that produce many poisonous and harmful substances, prior art after pyrolysis
If the material generated after useless circuit board pyrolysis processing is processed not in time, it is also possible to further become polluter.
Therefore, the deficiency for existing for above-mentioned technology, in order to efficiently realize the pyrolysis to useless circuit board, and in time
Recycling is carried out to the non-metallic part after pyrolysis, needs to be proposed a kind for the treatment of technology of new useless circuit board.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the system and method that a kind of useless circuit board is recycled, efficiently realizing
Pyrolysis to useless circuit board, and recycling is carried out to the non-metallic part after pyrolysis in time.
The present invention provides the system that a kind of useless circuit board is recycled, and the system includes the useless circuit board heat for sequentially arranging
Solution stove, electrostatic separator and multi-stage oven, wherein, are provided with reative cell and burner in the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven；The useless electricity
Charging aperture and pyrolysis oil gas vent is provided with the top of the plate pyrolysis oven of road；The bottom of the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven is provided with pyrolysis solid
Outlet；The electrostatic separator is provided with pyrolysis solid inlet and pyrolytic carbon outlet, the pyrolysis solid inlet and the useless circuit
The pyrolysis solid outlet of plate pyrolysis oven is connected；The multi-stage oven has the outlet of pyrolytic carbon entrance, activated gas import and activated carbon,
The pyrolytic carbon entrance is connected with the pyrolytic carbon outlet of the electrostatic separator.
Above-mentioned system, the system also include that cooling and clean unit, the cooling and clean unit are provided with pyrolysis oil
Gas entrance, pyrolysis gas outlet and pyrolysis oil export, the pyrolysis oil gas of the pyrolysis oil gas entrance and the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
Outlet is connected.
Burning in the pyrolysis gas outlet of above-mentioned system, the cooling and clean unit and the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
The combustion air inlet of device is connected.
Above-mentioned system, the activated gas import connection vapor conveyance conduit of the multi-stage oven and/or carbon dioxide gass
Body conveyance conduit.
Above-mentioned system, the burner are multigroup, horizontal direction of the burner along the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
It is spaced apart, and per group of burner can independent control operation.
Above-mentioned system, the system also include the pretreatment unit before the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven.
Above-mentioned system, the pretreatment unit include two stage crusher, are adapted to useless electricity for useless circuit board is broken into
The small particle pyrolysis feed that road plate pyrolysis oven is processed.
The present invention also provides a kind of method that utilization said system carries out useless circuit board recycling, and methods described includes step
Suddenly：
Useless circuit board pyrolysis feed is delivered to the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven carries out pyrolysis processing, obtains being pyrolyzed solid and heat
Solution oil gas；
The pyrolysis solid is delivered to into the electrostatic separator, the pyrolytic carbon being pyrolyzed in solid product and metal point is made
From obtaining pyrolytic carbon；
The pyrolytic carbon is delivered to the multi-stage oven carries out activation processing.
Above-mentioned method, methods described further comprise step：Will be the pyrolysis oil gas of the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven net
Change the pyrolysis gas obtained after separating to be input in the burner of the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven.
Above-mentioned method, methods described still further comprise step：The stream of combustion gas in the burner is passed through by adjustment
Amount carries out accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is, it is pyrolyzed using useless circuit board pyrolysis oven, can be passed through by adjustment described
The flow of the combustion gas in burner realizing the accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process, to the metal after pyrolysis with it is nonmetallic carried out and
When electrostatic separation so that nonmetallic substance has carried out recycling.Technical scheme, solves original useless circuit
Plate pyrolysis efficiency low grade fever solution is insufficient, can not obtain process to the non-metallic part after pyrolysis in time further further may become
The problem of polluter.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the useless circuit board pyrolysis of the embodiment of the present invention prepares activated carbon；
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet that the useless circuit board pyrolysis of the embodiment of the present invention prepares activated carbon；
Fig. 3 is the flowage structure schematic diagram that the useless circuit board pyrolysis of the embodiment of the present invention prepares activated carbon.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in more details, so as to energy
The advantage of the solution of the present invention and its various aspects is more fully understood enough.However, specific embodiments described below and reality
It is only descriptive purpose to apply example, rather than limitation of the present invention.
In describing the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " laterally ", " length ", " wide
Degree ", " thickness ", " on ", " under ", " before ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outward ", "
Clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumference " and etc. instruction orientation or position relationship be based on side shown in the drawings
Position or position relationship, are for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify description, rather than indicate or imply device or the unit of indication
Part with specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore must be not considered as limiting the invention.
Additionally, term " first ", " second " be only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance
Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", " second " and feature can express or
Implicitly include at least one this feature.In describing the invention, " it is multiple " it is meant that at least two, such as two, three
It is individual etc., unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " be connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected, or be detachably connected, or it is integral；Can be that machinery connects
Connect, or electrically connect；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be in two elements
The connection in portion or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise clearly restriction.For one of ordinary skill in the art
For, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature is in second feature " on " or " under " can be with
It is the first and second feature directly contacts, or the first and second features is by intermediary mediate contact.And, fisrt feature exists
On second feature " ", " above " and " above " but fisrt feature or be merely representative of directly over second feature or oblique upper
Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature is in second feature " under ", " below " and " below " can be
One feature is immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height less than second feature.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes the system that a kind of useless circuit board prepares activated carbon.According to this
Bright embodiment, this prepares activated carbon system using useless circuit board includes：Pyrolysis oven, with pyrolysis solid product outlet, and
The pyrolysis oven is internally provided with burner；Electrostatic separator, with pyrolysis solid product entrance and pyrolytic carbon outlet, the warm
Solution solid product entrance is connected with the pyrolysis solid product outlet, and the achievable metal of the electrostatic separator and nonmetallic
Separate；Multi-stage oven, the multi-stage oven have pyrolytic carbon entrance, and the pyrolytic carbon entrance is connected with pyrolytic carbon outlet.
Also known as multiple hearth furnace or mechanical kiln, feature is that the time of staying of the waste in stove is long to multi-stage oven, is contained after activation in gas
Dust quantity is few, and can volatilize more moisture, it is possible to use pluralities of fuel, efficiency of combustion are higher, it is possible to use any one layer of fuel
Burner is improving in-furnace temperature.The present invention utilizes the advantage, carries out activation processing using multi-stage oven to pyrolytic carbon.Because living
There is very big impact the change time to the pore structure of activated carbon, with the burn tinctuer increase of the prolongation activated carbon of soak time, compares table
Area and iodine sorption value first increase and reduce afterwards, and soak time falls just moisture and devolatilization in raw material, realize
The reaming of material and increasing hole, meet the activation of the material after waste material circuit board pyrolytic and require.
Inventor has found, by adopting the internal useless circuit board pyrolysis oven and existing multi-stage oven for arranging heat accumulation type radiant tube
Carry out combination and prepare activated carbon, and without the need for transforming to existing multi-stage oven, you can will be isolated in electrostatic separator
Solid carbon is delivered to multi-stage oven and carries out activation generation activated carbon, as useless circuit board pyrolysis oven adopts heat accumulation type radiant tube for being pyrolyzed
Journey carries supplying heat source, can by adjustment be passed through heat accumulation type radiant tube combustion gas flow realizing the accurate control to pyrolytic process
Temperature, and the heat accumulation type radiant tube can be by realizing quick commutation and heat storage type combustion at two ends, it is ensured that useless circuit board
The uniformity in temperature field in pyrolysis oven, such that it is able to significantly improve useless circuit board pyrolysis efficiency.
Simultaneously more traditional use gas heat carrier or solid thermal carriers are compared as the pyrolytic reaction device for being pyrolyzed thermal source,
The useless circuit board pyrolysis oven of the present invention need not arrange preheating unit and carrier separative element, can greatly simplify pyrolysis and activate
Reaction process flow process, so as to significantly reduce the pyrolysis gas mixture of the fault rate and gained cleaning of device, by cooling down and purifying
Unit separates the heat that the pyrolysis gas for obtaining can be needed as the heat of pyrolysis oven pyrolysis needs and heat-storage tubular heating stove heat
Amount, by the gasifying agent needed for the isolated activation of carbon dioxide separator, without the need for outer for a large amount of thermals source and activator, Jin Erke
Activated carbon operating cost high technology complexity, and existing pyrolysis oven and multi-stage oven coupling are prepared to solve existing useless circuit board
The problem of fluctuation of service caused by high, while can solve the easy coking of pyrolysis oven using the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven, easily block
Problem, then by recycling pyrolysis gas using regenerative radiant tube burner, can reduce equipment compared with the prior art
Cost of investment.
In addition, by the pyrolytic carbon produced in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven is separated after metal, directly heat delivers to multi-stage oven and two
Carbon dioxide reaction, can not only guarantee that multi-stage oven directly prepares activated carbon, and can significantly improve capacity usage ratio, and have
The stability of activated carbon system is prepared using the useless circuit board.
Activated carbon system is prepared below with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 to the utilization useless circuit board of the embodiment of the present invention is carried out in detail
It is thin to describe.Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, this prepares activated carbon system using useless circuit board includes：Pyrolysis oven 100, multi-stage oven
200 and electrostatic separator 300.
Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, pyrolysis oven 100 have feeding conveying system 101, pyrolysis gas outlet 102, pyrolysis solid
Body product exit 104, and pyrolysis oven 100 is internally provided with multigroup burner 103, and be suitable to carry out being pyrolyzed instead by useless circuit board
Should, such that it is able to obtain being pyrolyzed solid product and pyrolysis gas.Inventor has found, by adopting internal setting heat accumulation type radiant tube
Useless circuit board pyrolysis oven carries out combination with existing multi-stage oven and prepares activated carbon, and without the need for transforming to existing multi-stage oven,
The pyrolytic carbon of the heat produced in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven can be delivered to multi-stage oven carries out activation generation activated carbon, due to the circuit that gives up
Adopt heat accumulation type radiant tube thermal source to be provided for pyrolytic process in plate pyrolysis oven, can be passed through the combustion of heat accumulation type radiant tube by adjustment
The flow of gas is realizing the accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process, and the heat accumulation type radiant tube can be by realizing fast quick change at two ends
To and heat storage type combustion, it is ensured that the uniformity in temperature field in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven, such that it is able to significantly improve useless circuit
Plate is pyrolyzed efficiency, while more traditional uses gas heat carrier or solid thermal carriers as the pyrolytic reaction device phase of pyrolysis thermal source
Than, the present invention useless circuit board pyrolysis oven preheating unit and carrier separative element need not be set, can greatly simplify pyrolysis and
Priming reaction technological process, so as to significantly reduce the pyrolysis gas mixture of the fault rate and gained cleaning of device, by directly firing
Burn and separate the pyrolysis gas for obtaining, without the need for dedusting to high-temperature oil gas, and then existing useless circuit board can be solved prepare activated carbon
Leading portion pyrolytic process is complicated, and the problem of existing pyrolysis oven caused fluctuation of service high with multi-stage oven coupling.
According to one embodiment of present invention, feeding conveying system 101 can be located at the upper end of pyrolysis oven 100, and be suitable to
Useless circuit board is supplied to pyrolysis oven.
According to still a further embodiment, pyrolytic carbon outlet 104 can be located at the bottom of pyrolysis oven 100, and be suitable to
The pyrolysis solid that pyrolytic process is produced discharges pyrolysis oven.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, pyrolysis gas outlet 102 can be located in the furnace sidewall of pyrolysis oven 100, and
The pyrolysis gas for being suitable to produce pyrolytic process discharge pyrolysis oven.
According to still another embodiment of the invention, burner 103 divides along pyrolysis oven horizontal direction interval in pyrolysis oven 100
Cloth, and every group of burner adopts heat accumulation type radiant tube, can independent control operation.
There is carbon dioxide entrance 201, pyrolytic carbon entrance 202, gas to go out for embodiments in accordance with the present invention, multi-stage oven 200
Mouth 203 and activated carbon outlet 204, pyrolytic carbon entrance 202 is connected with pyrolytic carbon outlet 302, and is suitable to be activated pyrolytic carbon
Process, it is hereby achieved that activated carbon.Inventor is had found, is separated by the pyrolytic carbon of the heat that will be produced in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
After metal, direct heat is delivered to, and can not only guarantee that multi-stage oven directly prepares work
Property charcoal, and capacity usage ratio can be significantly improved, and have the stability for preparing activated carbon system using the useless circuit board.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, referring to figs. 2 and 3 feedstock pre-processing system 120 can include receiving useless electricity
110 import of road board raw material storehouse and useless circuit board outlet.Feedstock pre-processing system 120 also includes double-shaft crusher, by sending into
Useless circuit board carry out broken pretreatment, useless circuit board can be broken into the small particle material that suitable pyrolysis oven is processed, so as to reality
Existing pyrolysis oven normally continuously runs and is pyrolyzed efficiency.
Another specific embodiment of the invention, cooling and clean unit 400 have pyrolysis gas mixture entrance,
Pyrolysis gas outlet and pyrolysis oil export, the pyrolysis gas mixture entrance is connected with the pyrolysis oven 100, and the cooling with
Pyrolysis gas after clean unit separation are passed through in the burner and are burnt.
Another specific embodiment of the invention, burner 103 have burner pyrolysis gas entrance and burner cigarette
Gas is exported, and the 103 pyrolysis gas entrance of burner is connected with cooling and clean unit 400, is burner by cooling and clean unit
103 provide source of the gas, meet the burning of burner.The flue gas that burning is produced is discharged from burner exhanst gas outlet, it is ensured that pyrolysis oven 100
Oven cavity atmosphere and 103 gas isolating of burner, realize that useless circuit board pyrolysis is carried out under anoxybiotic atmosphere, it is ensured that pyrolysis gas have
Higher calorific value, while effectively inhibit the generation of toxic and harmful.
Another specific embodiment of the invention, after 700 entrance of carbon dioxide separator is burnt with burner 103
Flue gas 600 connects, and will send into back segment after the carbon dioxide separation in flue gas.
Another specific embodiment of the invention, 900 entrance of heat-storage tubular heating furnace are divided with carbon dioxide respectively
The outlet connection of oil tank 800 is exported and is pyrolyzed from device 700, and the partial thermal decomposition oil produced with pyrolysis is that carbon dioxide adds as thermal source
Heat, the high-temperature gas after heating are sent in multi-stage oven 200 by carbon dioxide entrance, and the pyrolysis discharged with pyrolysis oven 100
Charcoal reacts prepared activated carbon.
In the second aspect of the invention, the present invention proposes a kind of method that utilization useless circuit board prepares activated carbon.Root
According to embodiments of the invention, the method is carried out using the above-mentioned system for preparing activated carbon.Embodiment of the invention,
The method includes：(1) useless circuit board is delivered to the pretreatment unit carries out pretreatment, so as to obtain pyrolysis feed；(2) will be pre-
After process, useless circuit board is delivered to the pyrolysis oven and carries out pyrolysis processing, to obtain being pyrolyzed solid product and pyrolysis oil gas；(3) will
The pyrolysis oil pneumatic transmission is extremely cooled down and clean unit, to obtain pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas；(4) pyrolysis gas are delivered to into combustion
Burner is burnt, and provides heat for pyrolysis oven, and generation of burning is available for the heat smoke of the multi-stage oven reaction；(5) will be described
Pyrolysis oil delivers to pyrolysis oil tank storage；(6) flue gas that the burner is produced is delivered to carbon dioxide separator to be separated,
To obtain carbon dioxide；(7) described pyrolysis solid product is delivered to and carry out in electrostatic separator magnetic separation separation, isolate heat
Solution charcoal and metal；(8) pyrolytic carbon is delivered to into the multi-stage oven, makes pyrolytic carbon react with carbon dioxide, to obtain
Activated carbon.
Inventor has found, by adopting the internal useless circuit board pyrolysis oven and existing multi-stage oven for arranging heat accumulation type radiant tube
Directly carry out combination and prepare activated carbon, and without the need for transforming to existing multi-stage oven, you can will produce in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
Raw pyrolytic carbon deliver to multi-stage oven carry out activation produce activated carbon, due to adopt heat accumulation type radiant tube in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven for
Pyrolytic process provides thermal source, can by adjustment be passed through heat accumulation type radiant tube combustion gas flow realizing the essence to pyrolytic process
Really temperature control, and the heat accumulation type radiant tube can be by realizing quick commutation and heat storage type combustion at two ends, it is ensured that useless electricity
The uniformity in temperature field in the plate pyrolysis oven of road, such that it is able to significantly improve useless circuit board pyrolysis efficiency, while more traditional use
Gas heat carrier or solid thermal carriers are compared as the pyrolytic reaction device for being pyrolyzed thermal source, and the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven of the present invention is not
Need to arrange preheating unit and carrier separative element, pyrolysis and priming reaction technological process can be greatly simplified, so as to significantly drop
The pyrolysis gas mixture of the fault rate of low device and gained cleaning, the pyrolysis gas obtained by Oil-gas Separation can be used as pyrolysis oven heat
The heat that solution needs, separates the pyrolysis gas for obtaining by cooling and can be pyrolyzed the heat and storage that need as pyrolysis oven with clean unit
The heat that the heating of hot type tubular heater needs, by the gasifying agent needed for the isolated activation of carbon dioxide separator, need not
It is outer that for a large amount of thermals source and activator, and then can solving existing useless circuit board, to prepare activated carbon operating cost high technology complicated,
And the problem of existing pyrolysis oven caused fluctuation of service high with multi-stage oven coupling, while adopting the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
The easy coking of pyrolysis oven, easy blockage problem can be solved, then by recycling pyrolysis gas using regenerative radiant tube burner,
Equipment investment cost can be reduced compared with the prior art, in addition, the pyrolysis of the heat by will produce in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
Charcoal is fed directly to multi-stage oven and carbon dioxide reaction after separating metal, can not only guarantee that multi-stage oven directly prepares activated carbon, and
And capacity usage ratio can be significantly improved, and the useless circuit board is conducive to prepare the stability of activated carbon system.Need explanation
, it is above-mentioned to be equally applicable to prepare work using useless circuit board for a kind of feature and advantage prepared described by activated carbon system
The method of property charcoal, here is omitted.
Below with reference to the method that Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 prepare activated carbon to a kind of utilization useless circuit board of the embodiment of the present invention
It is described in detail.Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, the method comprise the steps：
Raw material pre-treatment：Useless circuit board is obtained after pretreatment can be used as the raw material of pyrolysis.
Useless circuit board is delivered in feeding disintegrating machine, useless circuit board particle diameter can be broken into and is not more than 2mm little particles or powder
The raw material that the met pyrolysis of shape is required.
(2) charging feedstock：Above-mentioned material is sent in pyrolysis oven 100 by helical conveyer system, material uniform distribution exists
On drapery panel, thickness of feed layer is 100-120mm.
(3) displacement and air-leakage test：Guaranteeing entirely to prepare the unlatching of activated carbon system internal valves, each equipment phase
It is logical, a certain amount of nitrogen or carbon dioxide is passed through to system one end, whole system is entered into line replacement, air in system of draining is shut
Vent valve, it is ensured that the air-tightness of whole system is good.
(4) material pyrolysis：The above-mentioned material after pretreatment of raw material is passed through pyrolysis oven by embodiments in accordance with the present invention
Upper feed inlet enters entrance storehouse, in the pyrolysis oven under the effect of cloth scraper plate, material uniform distribution on reactor drapery panel, and
Fuel is supplied in heat accumulation type radiant tube into pyrolysis oven, to carry out being pyrolyzed instead to useless circuit board using useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
Should, so as to obtain pyrolytic carbon and pyrolysis gas.By adopt the internal useless circuit board pyrolysis oven that heat accumulation type radiant tube is set with it is existing
Multi-stage oven carry out combination and prepare activated carbon, and without the need for transform to existing multi-stage oven, you can by useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
Pyrolytic carbon after the separation of the heat of middle generation is delivered to multi-stage oven and carries out activation generation activated carbon, due to adopting in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
Thermal source is provided with heat accumulation type radiant tube for pyrolytic process, can be by adjusting the flow of the combustion gas for being passed through heat accumulation type radiant tube come real
At two ends, the now accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process, and the heat accumulation type radiant tube can be by realizing that quick commutation and heat accumulating type fire
Burn, it is ensured that the uniformity in temperature field in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven, such that it is able to significantly improve useless circuit board pyrolysis efficiency, together
When it is more traditional use gas heat carrier or solid thermal carriers to compare as the pyrolytic reaction device of pyrolysis thermal source, the present invention's is useless
Circuit board pyrolytic stove need not arrange preheating unit and carrier separative element, can greatly simplify pyrolysis and priming reaction technique stream
Journey, so as to significantly reduce the pyrolysis gas mixture of the fault rate and gained cleaning of device, is separated with clean unit by cooling and is obtained
The pyrolysis gas for obtaining can be pyrolyzed the heat of the heat and heat-storage tubular heating stove heat needs for needing as pyrolysis oven, by dioxy
Change the gasifying agent needed for the isolated activation of carbon separation unit, need not be outer for a large amount of thermals source and activator, and then can solve existing
Useless circuit board to prepare activated carbon operating cost high technology complicated, and behaviour caused by existing pyrolysis oven is high with multi-stage oven coupling
Make unstable problem.
(5) burner combustion heat supply：Embodiments in accordance with the present invention, useless circuit board are pyrolyzed the pyrolysis gas for producing and are supplied to
Pyrolysis apparatus is burnt, and pyrolysis apparatus is made up of many heat accumulation type radiant tubes, and heat accumulation type radiant tube even level is arranged in drapery panel
Top, provides heat by radiant heat transfer for useless circuit board, and every heat accumulation type radiant tube adopts independent control system, Ke Yitong
Cross adjustment be passed through heat accumulation type radiant tube combustion gas flow realizing the accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process, heat-storage type burner can
Normal temperature air temperature highest is brought up to into 300～450 DEG C, while the flue-gas temperature for producing of burning can be down to less than 120 DEG C.According to
Needs can be provided with surge tank in pyrolysis gas into heat accumulation type radiant tube front end, for caching part pyrolysis gas, meet unexpected
Radial canal can also be met uninterruptedly to burn under conditions of blowing out.In useless circuit board pyrolytic process, material with respect to charging tray transfixion,
Avoid the generation of flying dust, so as to improve pyrolysis oil quality, the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven of the present invention need not arrange preheating unit and
Carrier separative element, can greatly simplify pyrolysis and priming reaction technological process, so as to significantly reduce the fault rate of device.
(6) carbon dioxide separation：The flue gas of burner combustion is sent into carbon dioxide separation by embodiments in accordance with the present invention
In device, the carbon dioxide in flue gas is separated into feeding back segment.
(7) carbon dioxide preheating：The carbon dioxide for obtaining is passed through heat-storage tubular heating by embodiments in accordance with the present invention
Exchanged heat in stove, carbon dioxide temperature is brought up to into 600～850 DEG C, reached multi-stage oven activation desired reaction temperature.Heating furnace
Heated using heat accumulating type, be greatly improved heat utilization efficiency, so as to reducing energy consumption.
The inventors discovered that, by adopting the internal useless circuit board pyrolysis oven and existing multistage for arranging heat accumulation type radiant tube
Stove carries out combination and prepares activated carbon, and without the need for transforming to existing multi-stage oven, you can will produce in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
Heat metal separate after pyrolytic carbon deliver to multi-stage oven carry out activation produce activated carbon.Can be solved by directly adopting using this technique
With multi-stage oven pyrolysis and activation process in, during fraction solids Logistics with pyrolysis gas into pipeline and dust pelletizing system cause blocking and
Dust weight problem, while the loss of solid can take away partial heat, the problems such as cause heat loss serious.Solid is flowed in multi-stage oven
During change, the time of staying difficult control, cause fraction solids charcoal also thoroughly pyrolysis just from discharging opening discharge, can exist in solid carbon compared with
Many tar, and the subsequent solid charcoal activation that exists for of tar increases difficulty, reduces the specific surface area of activated carbon.It is simultaneously more traditional
Use gas heat carrier or solid thermal carriers as pyrolysis thermal source pyrolytic reaction device compare, the present invention useless circuit board heat
Solution stove need not arrange preheating unit and carrier separative element, can greatly simplify pyrolysis and priming reaction technological process, so as to
The pyrolysis gas mixture of the fault rate and gained cleaning of device is significantly reduced, the pyrolysis for obtaining is separated by cooling with clean unit
Gas can be pyrolyzed the heat of the heat and heat-storage tubular heating stove heat needs for needing as pyrolysis oven, by carbon dioxide separation
Gasifying agent needed for the isolated activation of device, need not be outer for a large amount of thermals source and activator, and then can solve existing useless circuit
Plate prepares activated carbon operating cost high technology complexity, and fluctuation of service caused by existing pyrolysis oven is high with multi-stage oven coupling
Problem, while the easy coking of pyrolysis oven, easy blockage problem can be solved using the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven, then stored by adopting
Hot type radiant tube burner recycles pyrolysis gas, can reduce equipment investment cost compared with the prior art, in addition, by inciting somebody to action
After the pyrolytic carbon separation metal of the heat produced in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven, directly heat delivers to multi-stage oven and carbon dioxide reaction, not only
It is able to ensure that multi-stage oven directly prepares activated carbon, and capacity usage ratio can be significantly improved, and has using the useless circuit board
Prepare the stability of activated carbon system.
In sum, the present invention is pyrolyzed using useless circuit board pyrolysis oven, can be passed through the burner by adjustment
In combustion gas flow realizing the accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process, to the metal after pyrolysis with it is nonmetallic carried out it is timely quiet
It is electrically separated so that nonmetallic substance has carried out recycling.Technical scheme, solves original useless circuit board pyrolysis
Efficiency low grade fever solution is insufficient, can not obtain process to the non-metallic part after pyrolysis in time further may further become polluter
Problem.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that these embodiments are only described
Property, and the present invention is limited never in any form.
Embodiment
With useless circuit board as raw material, activated carbon system is prepared using useless circuit board and be prepared activated carbon, useless circuit board system
The technique of standby activated carbon system is as shown in Fig. 2 the method for preparing activated carbon using useless circuit board is as follows：
(1) 1.2 tons of useless circuit boards are carried out into break process, obtains the following broken materials of particle diameter 2mm；
(2) broken useless circuit board is sent into pyrolysis oven to be pyrolyzed, material uniform distribution on drapery panel, thickness of feed layer
For 120mm.Heating radiation pipe is provided with the pyrolysis oven, and pyrolysis obtains being pyrolyzed solid product (about 550 DEG C of temperature) and pyrolysis
Oil gas (about 600 DEG C of temperature), after the pyrolysis solid product feeding electrostatic separator of generation isolates metal, remaining pyrolytic carbon
Send into multi-stage oven；
(3) gas mixture for producing pyrolysis sends into cooling and clean unit is cooled down, separated and purified, so as to obtain
The pyrolysis gas that must be cleaned and pyrolysis oil；
(4) will isolated pyrolysis gas send into burner in burnt, burner adopts heat-storage type burner, can be by
Normal temperature air temperature highest brings up to 380 ± 20 DEG C, while the flue-gas temperature for producing of burning can be down to 110 DEG C or so；
(5) isolated pyrolysis oil is sent in pyrolysis oil tank and stores for future use；
(6) pyrolysis oil is sent in heat-storage tubular heating furnace, is carbon dioxide heat supply with pyrolysis oil；By carbon dioxide gass
Temperature is 850 DEG C or so, is sent in multi-stage oven.
(7) pyrolytic carbon that the carbon dioxide obtained in step (6) is obtained with step (2) is inversely contacted instead in multi-stage oven
Activated carbon should be obtained, multi-stage oven reaction temperature is controlled at 880 DEG C or so；
Process of the present invention can long-term smooth operation, resulting above-mentioned useless circuit board is obtained activity product char
Yield and main character are shown in Table 1.
1 data result of table
As can be seen from Table 1, the present invention passes through said system and method can directly carry out recycling useless circuit board, be obtained
Preferable activated carbon product.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
Example ", or the description of " some examples " etc. mean specific features with reference to the embodiment or example description, structure, material or spy
Point is contained at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.In this manual, to the schematic representation of above-mentioned term not
Identical embodiment or example must be directed to.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be with office
Combined in one or more embodiments or example in an appropriate manner.Additionally, in the case of not conflicting, the skill of this area
The feature of the different embodiments or example described in this specification and different embodiments or example can be tied by art personnel
Close and combine.
Finally it should be noted that：Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and and
The non-restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also do on the basis of the above description
Go out the change or variation of other multi-forms.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.And thus drawn
Obvious change that Shen goes out or among changing still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the system that a kind of useless circuit board is recycled, the system include useless circuit board pyrolysis oven, the electrostatic point for sequentially arranging
From device and multi-stage oven, wherein,
Reative cell and burner are provided with the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven；Charging aperture is provided with the top of the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
With pyrolysis oil gas vent；The bottom of the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven is provided with pyrolysis solid outlet；
The electrostatic separator is provided with pyrolysis solid inlet and pyrolytic carbon outlet, the pyrolysis solid inlet and the useless circuit board
The pyrolysis solid outlet of pyrolysis oven is connected；
The multi-stage oven has the outlet of pyrolytic carbon entrance, activated gas import and activated carbon, and the pyrolytic carbon entrance is quiet with described
The pyrolytic carbon outlet connection of electric separator.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the system also includes cooling and clean unit, described cold
But pyrolysis oil gas entrance, pyrolysis gas outlet and pyrolysis oil export is provided with clean unit, and the pyrolysis oil gas entrance is useless with described
The pyrolysis oil gas vent of circuit board pyrolytic stove is connected.
3. system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the pyrolysis gas outlet of the cooling and clean unit with it is described
The combustion air inlet of the burner in useless circuit board pyrolysis oven is connected.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the activated gas import connection vapor of the multi-stage oven is defeated
Send pipeline and/or carbon dioxide conveyance conduit.
5. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the burner is multigroup, and the burner is along described useless
The horizontal direction of circuit board pyrolytic stove is spaced apart, and per group of burner can independent control operation.
6. system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the system is also included located at the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven
Front pretreatment unit.
7. system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the pretreatment unit includes two stage crusher.
8. the method that system described in a kind of any one of utilization claim 1 to 7 carries out useless circuit board recycling, methods described bag
Include step：
Useless circuit board pyrolysis feed is delivered to the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven carries out pyrolysis processing, obtains being pyrolyzed solid and pyrolysis oil
Gas；
The pyrolysis solid is delivered to into the electrostatic separator, the pyrolytic carbon being pyrolyzed in solid product is separated with metal,
Obtain pyrolytic carbon；
The pyrolytic carbon is delivered to the multi-stage oven carries out activation processing.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that methods described also includes step：
The pyrolysis gas obtained after the pyrolysis oil gas purification separation of the useless circuit board pyrolysis oven are input into into the useless circuit board pyrolysis
In the burner of stove.
10. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that methods described also includes step：
The flow that combustion gas in the burner is passed through by adjustment carries out accurate temperature controlling to pyrolytic process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611120143.1A CN106513423A (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Waste circuit board recycling system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611120143.1A CN106513423A (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2016-12-08 | Waste circuit board recycling system and method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107866437A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-03 | 中南大学 | A kind of processing method of discarded circuit board pyrolysis recovery |
| CN108213061A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-06-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of vertical waste printed circuit board moving bed pyrolysis system |
| CN110925780A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-27 | 北京工业大学 | Two segmentation steel band vacuum pyrolysis devices of waste circuit board |
| WO2022099369A1 (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-19 | Newsouth Innovations Pty Limited | A process for converting flexible printed circuit boards to useful materials |
| CN114728329A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2022-07-08 | Sms集团有限公司 | Method for operating a plant in the metallurgical industry |
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2016
- 2016-12-08 CN CN201611120143.1A patent/CN106513423A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107866437A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-03 | 中南大学 | A kind of processing method of discarded circuit board pyrolysis recovery |
| CN108213061A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-06-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of vertical waste printed circuit board moving bed pyrolysis system |
| CN114728329A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2022-07-08 | Sms集团有限公司 | Method for operating a plant in the metallurgical industry |
| CN114728329B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2024-04-16 | Sms集团有限公司 | Method for operating a plant of the metallurgical industry |
| CN110925780A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-27 | 北京工业大学 | Two segmentation steel band vacuum pyrolysis devices of waste circuit board |
| CN110925780B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2022-05-03 | 北京工业大学 | Two segmentation steel strips vacuum pyrolysis devices of waste line board |
| WO2022099369A1 (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-19 | Newsouth Innovations Pty Limited | A process for converting flexible printed circuit boards to useful materials |
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