CN110155010B - Hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium - Google Patents
Hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN110155010B CN110155010B CN201910418211.XA CN201910418211A CN110155010B CN 110155010 B CN110155010 B CN 110155010B CN 201910418211 A CN201910418211 A CN 201910418211A CN 110155010 B CN110155010 B CN 110155010B
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- magnetorheological fluid
- axle
- retarder
- shell
- hydraulic retarder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T10/00—Control or regulation for continuous braking making use of fluid or powdered medium, e.g. for use when descending a long slope
- B60T10/02—Control or regulation for continuous braking making use of fluid or powdered medium, e.g. for use when descending a long slope with hydrodynamic brake
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)
- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrodynamic retarder axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium, which comprises an excitation shell part, a hydrodynamic retarder part, a half-bridge part and a control module, wherein the excitation shell part comprises a ferromagnetic stator shell and an excitation coil, the hydrodynamic retarder part comprises a pump wheel, a turbine, a hollow shaft, a non-magnetic sealing shell and magnetorheological fluid, and the half-bridge part comprises a half-bridge shell, a half shaft and a wheel-side speed reducer. The retarder axle adopts a three-section axle structure, the working liquid of an internal hydraulic retarder is a magnetorheological fluid medium, a left working cavity structure and a right working cavity structure are integrated, a non-magnetic shell is sealed to form a cavity, the integration of a water circulation flow channel and the separation of the braking and the movement of wheels at two sides are realized, and a distributed multi-coil structure is arranged outside the retarder axle and arranged on a salient pole of a ferromagnetic stator shell, so that a magnetic field is generated in the working liquid of the working cavity. The magnetic field is controlled through the current, so that the braking torque is controlled, the adjustment and classification of the torque are realized, the control is simplified, and the sensitivity and the accuracy of the hydraulic retarder control system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile auxiliary braking, and particularly relates to a hydraulic retarder axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium.
Background
With the rapid development of the road transportation industry, the road transportation becomes the main land transportation mode in China, so that heavy trucks and semi-mounted tractors become the main force of road cargo transportation, and the advantages of the semi-mounted tractors are increasingly highlighted due to the development of the drop and pull transportation mode. However, due to the basic conditions of roads in China, namely slopes and curves, the friction plate of the brake of a heavy vehicle is seriously abraded, the brake drum is high in temperature, and the continuous braking force is insufficient. In view of the above problems, a retarder has been installed on a heavy vehicle as an auxiliary braking device for a vehicle in large quantities, and has achieved good effects, two types of retarders, namely, an eddy current retarder and a hydraulic retarder, exist in the current market, for a heavy truck and a semi-trailer tractor, the installation of the eddy current retarder is restricted by the problems of heavy weight and large power consumption, and the hydraulic retarder has obvious advantages due to the advantages of large braking torque, light weight, no decline in continuous braking and the like, but the hydraulic retarder is poor in low speed performance and complex in control system, the reliability of a control valve is always a bottleneck of research, and the problems of poor control sensitivity, long response time and the like cause that the retarder is not installed generally.
The position of the installation on the semi-mounted tractor of retarber generally has two kinds, installs on the tractor firstly, and this kind is comparatively general mounting means, acts on the tractor when the braking, when leading to the tractor braking easily, and the trailer untimely braking leads to unstability phenomena such as "pushing head" or "gyration is converted into". Secondly, the retarder is installed on the trailer, but no power is available on the trailer, and the problems of power extraction and retarder installation become difficult points.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium, which integrates the hydraulic retarder and the axle highly, realizes braking and retarding functions on the basis of satisfying differential speed, and can replace braking conditionally due to the large torque provided by the hydraulic retarder with double working cavities, thereby removing a brake hub, greatly reducing the cost performance of the whole axle weight and increasing the competitive advantage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is a hydraulic retarder axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium, which comprises an excitation shell part, a hydraulic retarder part, a half-bridge part and a control module.
The excitation shell part comprises a ferromagnetic stator shell and an excitation coil, the ferromagnetic stator shell is of a cylindrical structure, a plurality of groups of salient poles are circumferentially arranged on an inner ring, and the excitation coil is fixed on the salient poles;
the hydraulic retarder comprises a turbine, a pump wheel, a hollow shaft, a sealing shell and magnetorheological fluid, wherein the turbine and the pump wheel are both in a blade structure, the turbine is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the pump wheel rotates along with the shaft, and the working fluid in the retarder is the magnetorheological fluid;
the half-bridge part comprises a half-bridge shell, a half shaft and a wheel reduction gear, the axle comprises two half-bridge parts and a connecting part, and the whole axle is of a three-section structure; the hub reduction gear is speeded up by a half shaft, and the half shafts on two sides respectively drive a pump wheel of the hydraulic retarder.
Furthermore, an N-S alternating magnetic circuit is formed between two adjacent groups of excitation coils through the ferromagnetic stator shell, the sealing shell and the magnetorheological fluid.
Furthermore, the hydraulic retarder is of a double-working-cavity and four-group impeller structure, and the working cavities on two sides work independently.
Furthermore, the pump impeller, the turbine and the sealing shell are made of non-magnetic materials, the pump impellers on the two sides operate independently, an independent transmission system is arranged, and differential operation can be achieved.
Further, the blades of the impeller and the turbine may be straight blades, inclined blades, and arc-shaped blades.
Furthermore, a flow channel of the magnetorheological fluid is arranged on the sealing shell, and the flow channel of the working cavity at the inlet side and the flow channel of the working cavity at the outlet side of the liquid share the same.
Furthermore, the retarder is controlled to be opened and closed by compressing air through the air storage cylinder, and two working modes of braking and retarding are provided after the retarder is opened.
Furthermore, under the condition of no magnetic field, the braking torque reaches the maximum, and the brake can be partially replaced theoretically, so that the whole bridge is free of a brake drum and a friction braking device.
The working principle of the hydraulic retarder axle with the magnetorheological fluid medium provided by the invention is as follows,
the huge inertia of the vehicle drives the wheels to rotate in an accelerated way when the vehicle runs downhill, the power of the wheels at two sides passes through the wheel edge part and respectively transmits the power after acceleration to a rotor pump wheel of a hydraulic retarder through a half shaft, and the rotor pump wheels of the working cavities at two sides can independently run in a differential way; when magnetorheological fluid is pressed into the two side working chambers from the fluid storage chamber by compressed air, the hydraulic retarder starts to work, the magnetorheological fluid is accelerated through the centrifugal action when the rotor rotates and then thrown out, high-speed liquid impacts the stator turbine and enters the flow channel of the sealing shell to continuously consume fluid energy, the magnetorheological fluid flows out from the inner side of the stator blade, small circulation inside the working chamber is realized, the working liquid continuously circulates to convert the kinetic energy of a vehicle into the internal energy of the liquid, and high-temperature liquid flows out of the hydraulic retarder and is emitted through the heat exchanger, so that the effect of deceleration and braking is achieved.
The magnetorheological fluid is a non-Newtonian fluid, belongs to a rheological body, is very sensitive to a magnetic field, when the magnetorheological fluid is in the magnetic field, the shear stress along the direction of the magnetic field can be rapidly increased, even the transition of a solid state or a quasi-solid state is achieved, and after the magnetic field is removed, the magnetorheological fluid rapidly returns to the Newtonian fluid state with good flow characteristics. Therefore, after the excitation coil is electrified, a magnetic field in the rotating direction is formed in the position of the working cavity of the hydrodynamic retarder, so that the shear stress of the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetic field direction is rapidly increased, a chain shape is formed in a microcosmic view, and the flow of the hydrodynamic retarder in the circulating circular direction is blocked, so that the braking torque is controlled through the magnitude of the current, and the torque is controlled simply and rapidly.
Compared with the prior art, the hydraulic retarder axle of the magnetorheological fluid medium has the following advantages:
the invention is used as an automobile auxiliary braking device, integrates a hydraulic retarder and an axle in structure and function, adopts magnetorheological fluid medium as working fluid, has good thermal stability and sensitivity to magnetic field, controls the magnetic field through current, thereby controlling the braking torque of the hydraulic retarder, realizing the classification of the hydraulic retarder, adopts a double-cavity four-impeller design, the double working cavities of the hydraulic retarder provide braking force for wheels at two sides independently, the two sides of a middle water inlet and outlet flow passage share, realizes the integration of a water circulation flow passage and the separation of the braking and the movement of the wheels at two sides, the retarder axle has two working modes of braking and retarding, can partially replace friction braking in the braking mode, thereby removing a brake drum and a friction braking part, leading the weight of the whole axle to be lighter than that of a power axle and an electric vortex auxiliary braking axle, having obvious continuous braking effect, and protecting friction plates, and the abrasion is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a hydraulic retarder axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circumferential magnetic field distribution schematic diagram of a hydrodynamic retarder axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an excitation housing portion of a hydraulic retarder axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a stator assembly of a hydrodynamic retarder portion of a hydrodynamic retarder axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a control and heat dissipation system of a hydraulic retarder axle using a magnetorheological fluid medium according to the present invention.
In the figure: the system comprises a control module 1, a magnet exciting coil 2, a ferromagnetic stator shell 3, a double-cavity hydrodynamic retarder working position 4, a half shaft 5, a half bridge 6, a wheel-side reducer 7, a hollow shaft 8, a non-magnetic sealing side cover 9, a right pump impeller 10, a right turbine 11, a non-magnetic sealing shell 12, a left turbine 13, a left pump impeller 14, magnetorheological fluid 15, a magnetic field action area 16, a magnetic circuit 17, a magnetic flux gathering salient pole 18, a liquid outlet pipe 19, a liquid inlet pipe 20, water 21, a heat exchanger 22, a heat dissipation water tank 23, a gas pressure control valve 24 and a liquid storage tank 25.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the examples are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used for limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a front view of a hydraulic retarder axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium according to the present invention includes an excitation housing portion, a hydraulic retarder portion, a half-bridge portion, and a control module 1.
The excitation shell part comprises a ferromagnetic stator shell 3 and an excitation coil 2, the excitation coil 2 is distributed inside the ferromagnetic stator shell 3, the ferromagnetic stator shell 2 is of a cylindrical structure, a plurality of groups of magnetic-gathering salient poles 18 are arranged on the inner ring of the cylinder along the circumferential direction, the excitation coil 2 is fixedly installed on the magnetic-gathering salient poles 18, and the ferromagnetic shell 3 is connected with half-bridge shells 6 on two sides and has certain connection strength.
The hydraulic retarder comprises a right turbine 11, a left turbine 13, a right pump impeller 10, a left pump impeller 14, a hollow shaft 8, a sealing shell and magnetorheological fluid 15, wherein the right turbine 11, the left turbine 13, the right pump impeller 10 and the left pump impeller 14 are all in a blade structure, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are respectively arranged on the right turbine 11 and the left turbine 13, the right pump impeller 10 and the left pump impeller 14 are driven to rotate by the hollow shaft 8, working fluid in the hydraulic retarder is the magnetorheological fluid 15, the right pump impeller 10 and the left pump impeller 14 independently operate, a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet of a working cavity are arranged on the right turbine 11 and the left turbine 13, and the left pump impeller 14 and the left turbine 13 form a circular working cavity of the hydraulic retarder and keep a proper gap; the right pump impeller 10 and the right turbine 11 form a circular working cavity of the hydrodynamic retarder and keep a proper gap; the right pump impeller 10 and the left pump impeller 14 have differential capacity, the right turbine 11 and the left turbine 13 are connected with the sealing shell, the torque can be greatly increased through the internal double-working-cavity structure, the wheels on two sides can be braked independently due to the separated design of the double working cavities, magnetorheological fluid 15 is filled in the internal working cavity and around the impeller, and the magnetorheological fluid 15 serves as a working medium and is used for energy conversion and transmission.
The half-bridge part comprises a half-bridge shell 6, half shafts 5 and wheel reduction gears 7, the axle comprises two half-bridge parts and a connecting part, the whole axle is of a three-section structure, the wheel reduction gears 7 are used for increasing the speed of the half shafts 5, the half shafts 5 on the two sides respectively drive pump wheels corresponding to the hydraulic retarder, when the hydraulic retarder brakes, braking torque is transmitted to wheel side positions through the pump wheels of the hydraulic retarder via the half shafts, the braking torque is doubled, and wheels are braked through the doubled braking torque.
The control module 1 can control the strength of the magnetic field inside the working cavity by controlling the current of the magnet exciting coil, so as to control the flowing direction of the magnetorheological fluid and control the torque of the hydrodynamic retarder. The torque is controlled through the current, so that the control is sensitive and accurate. So as to achieve the purpose of controlling the braking torque or the gear.
As shown in fig. 2, it is a circumferential magnetic field distribution schematic diagram of a hydraulic retarder axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium according to the present invention.
In order to realize the control of the magnetorheological fluid 15 in the hydraulic retarder part, the direction of the magnetic field is set to be a circumferential magnetic field, the magnetism-gathering salient poles 18 are distributed along the rotating direction, a circumferential magnetic field similar to a circle is realized inside the working cavity, the magnetorheological fluid 15 is controlled to flow along the direction of the magnetic circuit 17, an N-S alternating magnetic circuit 17 is formed between every two groups of magnet exciting coils 2, the magnet exciting coils 2 adopt distributed coils, the response time of a control system is prolonged, the sealing shell 12, the pump wheel and the turbine of the hydraulic retarder are all made of nonmagnetic materials, the magnetic field only controls the magnetorheological fluid 15 in the magnetic field, and the converted heat is dissipated through an external heat exchanger in the braking process, so that the energy conversion.
As shown in fig. 3, a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the field case portion of a hydraulic retarder axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium according to the present invention is shown. A plurality of groups of magnetic gathering salient poles 18 are uniformly distributed on the whole part, the excitation coil 2 is arranged on the magnetic gathering salient poles 18 to form magnetic poles, the distribution position of a magnetic circuit 17 is determined, and the control function is realized. The distribution number of the magnetic-gathering salient poles 18 is even, a closed magnetic circuit 17 is formed between two pairs of magnetic-gathering salient poles 18, and each two adjacent magnet exciting coils 2 form opposite magnetic poles; the ferromagnetic stator shell 3 is made of high-permeability material, wire outlets are arranged on the outer circumference of the ferromagnetic stator shell 3, wire outlet heads of a plurality of groups of coils are led out and connected with an external control circuit, and the control of current is realized.
As shown in fig. 4, a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a stator assembly of a hydrodynamic retarder axle of a magnetorheological fluid medium according to the present invention is shown. A liquid inlet cavity and a liquid outlet cavity are reserved on the sealed shell 12 of the hydraulic retarder, the liquid inlet cavity is connected with a liquid inlet pipe 20, the liquid outlet cavity is connected with a liquid outlet pipe 19, and the liquid inlet pipe 20 and the liquid outlet pipe 19 are connected with an external heat dissipation pipeline to realize heat exchange with the outside. The magnetorheological fluid 15 is subjected to multiple small cycles in the working cavity to convert energy, high-temperature liquid is collected through the liquid inlet cavity and the liquid outlet cavity, the high-temperature liquid is conveyed to external heat dissipation large cycle through the liquid inlet pipe 20 and the liquid outlet pipe 19, and the high-temperature magnetorheological fluid 15 and cooling water are subjected to heat exchange through the external heat exchanger.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a control and heat dissipation system of a hydraulic retarder axle using a magnetorheological fluid medium according to the present invention. During operation, through the selection of two kinds of operating modes, the size of the output air pressure of the air pressure control valve 24 is determined by the control module 1, the magnetorheological fluid 15 in the liquid storage tank 25 is pressed into the double working cavities of the retarder through the liquid inlet pipe 20 by compressed air, the magnetorheological fluid 15 with high temperature after energy conversion enters the heat exchanger 22 to exchange heat with water 21 through the heat exchange core, the heat of the high-temperature water 21 is dissipated through the heat dissipation water tank 23, and the cooled liquid enters the next circulation. The control module 1 is used for supplying power to the exciting coil 2 and the air pressure control valve 24 and receiving signals of temperature and pressure sensors. When the work is stopped, the control module 1 stops supplying power to the magnet exciting coil 2 and the air pressure control valve 24, the magnetorheological fluid 15 in the double working cavities flows back to the liquid storage tank 25, no liquid medium exists in the working cavities any more, and few loss moments are generated theoretically at the moment.
The invention is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications, equivalents, and improvements as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A hydraulic retarding axle of magnetorheological suspensions medium which characterized in that: the hydraulic retarder comprises an excitation shell part, a hydraulic retarding part, a half-bridge part and a control module;
the excitation shell part comprises a ferromagnetic stator shell and an excitation coil, the ferromagnetic stator shell is of a cylindrical structure, a plurality of groups of salient poles are circumferentially arranged on an inner ring, and the excitation coil is fixed on the salient poles;
the hydraulic retarder comprises a turbine, a pump wheel, a hollow shaft, a sealing shell and magnetorheological fluid, wherein the turbine and the pump wheel are both in a blade structure, the turbine is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the pump wheel rotates along with the shaft, and the working fluid in the retarder is the magnetorheological fluid;
the half-bridge part comprises a half-bridge shell, a half shaft and a wheel reduction gear, the axle comprises two half-bridge parts and a connecting part, and the whole axle is of a three-section structure; the hub reduction gear is accelerated by a half shaft, and the half shafts on two sides respectively drive a pump wheel of the hydraulic retarder; the control module controls the strength of the magnetic field inside the working cavity by controlling the current of the magnet exciting coil, so that the flowing direction of the magnetorheological fluid is controlled, and the torque of the hydraulic retarder is controlled.
2. The hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium according to claim 1, wherein: an N-S alternating magnetic circuit is formed between two adjacent groups of excitation coils through a ferromagnetic stator shell, a sealing shell and magnetorheological fluid.
3. The hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium according to claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic retarder is of a double-working-cavity and four-group impeller structure, and the working cavities on two sides work independently.
4. The hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium according to claim 1, wherein: the pump impeller, the turbine and the sealing shell are made of non-magnetic materials, the pump impeller on the two sides operates independently, and the pump impeller is provided with an independent transmission system and can operate at a different speed.
5. The hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium according to claim 1, wherein: the blades of the pump wheel and the turbine wheel are straight blades, inclined blades or arc-shaped blades.
6. The hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium according to claim 1, wherein: the sealed shell is provided with a flow channel of magnetorheological fluid, and the flow channels of the working cavities at the inlet side and the outlet side of the magnetorheological fluid are shared.
7. The hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium according to claim 1, wherein: the retarder is controlled to be opened and closed by compressing air through the air storage cylinder, and two working modes of braking and retarding are provided after the retarder is opened.
8. The hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium according to claim 1, wherein: under the condition of no magnetic field, the braking torque reaches the maximum.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910418211.XA CN110155010B (en) | 2019-05-19 | 2019-05-19 | Hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910418211.XA CN110155010B (en) | 2019-05-19 | 2019-05-19 | Hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium |
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| CN110155010A CN110155010A (en) | 2019-08-23 |
| CN110155010B true CN110155010B (en) | 2020-10-27 |
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| CN201910418211.XA Active CN110155010B (en) | 2019-05-19 | 2019-05-19 | Hydraulic retarder axle of magnetorheological fluid medium |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112278026A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-01-29 | 苏州昆卓精密制造有限公司 | Anti-skid tool car and debugging method thereof |
| CN114962498A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-08-30 | 安阳工学院 | Single-coil hydraulic-electric composite retarder with stator connecting piece having salient pole structure |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2095392A (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-09-29 | Labavia | Heat regulation circuits for vehicles equipped with an electric retarders |
| CN204355018U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-27 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | A kind of auxiliary brake be used in the long descending process of heavy-load automobile |
| CN104812640A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2015-07-29 | 皮尔伯格泵技术有限责任公司 | Pneumatic brake assistance arrangement |
| CN206727750U (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-12-08 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | A kind of vibration damping rotor and the current vortex retarder and automobile using the vibration damping rotor |
| CN108343689A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-07-31 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of Retarder bridge of built-in double water pump |
-
2019
- 2019-05-19 CN CN201910418211.XA patent/CN110155010B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2095392A (en) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-09-29 | Labavia | Heat regulation circuits for vehicles equipped with an electric retarders |
| CN104812640A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2015-07-29 | 皮尔伯格泵技术有限责任公司 | Pneumatic brake assistance arrangement |
| CN204355018U (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-27 | 齐齐哈尔大学 | A kind of auxiliary brake be used in the long descending process of heavy-load automobile |
| CN206727750U (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-12-08 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | A kind of vibration damping rotor and the current vortex retarder and automobile using the vibration damping rotor |
| CN108343689A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-07-31 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of Retarder bridge of built-in double water pump |
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