CN110154347A - 用于塑料材料的注射模制的工艺和设备 - Google Patents

用于塑料材料的注射模制的工艺和设备 Download PDF

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CN110154347A
CN110154347A CN201910112388.7A CN201910112388A CN110154347A CN 110154347 A CN110154347 A CN 110154347A CN 201910112388 A CN201910112388 A CN 201910112388A CN 110154347 A CN110154347 A CN 110154347A
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mold
syringe
transducer devices
opening
fixed part
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M.巴佐
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C45/77—Measuring, controlling or regulating of velocity or pressure of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C45/768—Detecting defective moulding conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/03—Injection moulding apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/28—Closure devices therefor
    • B29C45/2806—Closure devices therefor consisting of needle valve systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C45/7653—Measuring, controlling or regulating mould clamping forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C45/80—Measuring, controlling or regulating of relative position of mould parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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    • B29C2945/76163—Errors, malfunctioning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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    • B29C2945/76254—Mould
    • B29C2945/76267—Mould non-cavity forming parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
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    • B29C2945/76451—Measurement means
    • B29C2945/76478—Mechanical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76451—Measurement means
    • B29C2945/76488—Magnetic, electro-magnetic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76494—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2945/76568—Position
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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    • B29C2945/76595—Velocity
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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    • B29C2945/76595—Velocity
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    • B29C2945/76602—Velocity linear movement derivative, change thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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    • B29C2945/76658—Injection unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
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    • B29C2945/76732—Mould
    • B29C2945/76752—Mould runners, nozzles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76822—Phase or stage of control
    • B29C2945/76859—Injection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2945/00—Indexing scheme relating to injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould
    • B29C2945/76—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2945/76822—Phase or stage of control
    • B29C2945/76862—Holding, dwelling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

用于借助于至少一个注射器（6）将塑料材料注射模制到模具（1）的腔（4）中的方法，该注射器（6）的打开和关闭通过电子控制（8）发生，且其中由注射到腔（4）中的塑料材料的任何超压导致的模具（1）的非期望的打开借助于换能器（9）来检测且借助于电子控制（8）来校正。换能器布置在模具（1）的腔（4）外部。

Description

用于塑料材料的注射模制的工艺和设备
技术领域
本发明关于借助于至少一个注射器将塑料材料注射模制到模腔中，该注射器的打开和关闭借助于电子伺服控制来操作。
背景技术
多年来，申请人设计和开发了被称为Flexflow®的电子注射器控制系统，其保证在模制工艺期间对注射的材料流的精确控制。特别地，该注射器或每个注射器的促动器（典型地虽然不一定由旋转电动马达构成）是电子控制的，以便以可编程方式调整针阀的位置、速度和加速度之中的一个或多个，以便调整注射的塑料的压力和流率，例如，如在代表申请人的文献US 9,102,085中描述和示出的那样。
在模制工艺期间，可能出现与由注射到腔中的塑料材料的超压导致的模具的非期望的打开相关的问题。此打开（即使略微的）可能导致损坏（如果不破坏模具）以及在模制制品上清楚可见的缺陷的形成。
为了克服此问题，提出了通过该注射器或每个注射器的电子控制来检测注射到腔中的塑料材料的任何超压且校正它们或减小或消除它们。因此，文献US 5,556,582提出通过使用设在模腔中的传感器来检测注射的塑料材料的任何超压。在模制时，基于通过腔中的压力传感器执行的检测，调整该注射器的或每个注射器的打开程度。
此解决方案（虽然在其进行检测和校正可能的超压时有效）带来缺点，该缺点在于以下事实：其存在（在将模制大制品的情况下在该压力传感器或若干压力传感器的腔内部）带来模制件上的或多或少明显的缺陷。
文献EP 1990603描述用于检测模具的可移动部分与固定部分之间的任何分离的在模具外部应用的激光装置。
虽然解决关于模具的可能打开的检测的技术问题，但此解决方案相对复杂和昂贵（给定其需要激光发射器、反射器与应用于模具的两个部分的接收器之间的精确对准）。此外，由激光装置检测的可能打开简单地显示在显示器上或最多通过声学报警器发信号，且因此通过由模具的可移动部分再封闭的位移来校正，因此带来进一步的技术复杂性。
发明内容
本发明的目标在于克服上文限定的技术问题，且此目标由于以下事实达成：在根据本发明的注射模制方法中，由注射到模腔中的塑料材料的超压导致的模具的打开的检测借助于设在模腔外部的换能器来执行，且检测的模具的打开通过在注射步骤期间和/或在装填注射的塑料材料的随后步骤期间调整所述至少一个注射器的行程和/或速度和/或打开/关闭的加速度来校正。
换能器器件可设在模具外部或内部，但在任何情况下在其腔外部。例如，换能器器件可定位在模具的固定部分上，或在模制机器板上，或在模具的可移动部分的滑动柱上。
换能器器件可从形变传感器、弯曲传感器、扭曲传感器或压力传感器之中选择。此传感器可为接触型的或磁感应型的。
如果注射由多个自主控制的注射器促动，根据本发明的方法还提供自动微调方法，其中在限定模具的可容许最大打开值时，按顺序一次命令注射器的打开，且每个注射器的影响（取决于此最大值）通过前述换能器器件验证。在电子控制期间考虑每个注射器在随后的模制周期过程中的影响。
本发明还关于用于实施该方法的注射模制设备。
附图说明
现在将参照仅通过非限制性示例提供的附图详细地描述本发明，其中：
-图1为以透过方式示出用于实施根据本发明的方法的注射模制设备的第一示例的示意性透视图，
-图2为图1的侧部立面图，
-图3为图2的顶部平面视图，以及
-图4、图5和图6为分别类似于图1、图2和图3的视图，示出用于实施根据本发明的注射模制方法的设备的第二示例。
具体实施方式
首先参照图1、图2和图3，用于实施根据本发明的方法的用于塑料材料的注射模制的设备的第一示例是模具1，其由固定部分或基体2（以已知且未示出的方式应用至模制机器板）以及可相对于固定部分2沿滑动柱（也是已知的且未详细地示出）位移的可移动部分或压模3形成。在附图中呈现的模具1的关闭位置中，固定部分2和可移动部分3相互限定模腔4。在示出的示例的情况下，腔4构造成用于模制用于在汽车工业中使用的大扰流板。
模具1配备有注射系统，该注射系统常规地包括分配器或热浇道5，其由模压机供应且连接至也是常规类型的一系列的注射器6。应注意到，注射器6的数量和布置仅通过示例提供。
每个注射器6包括（以本身已知的方式且因此未详细地示出）喷嘴，其中存在可轴向地移动的针阀，该针阀可在完全关闭的位置与最大打开的位置之间位移以用于将加压的塑料材料注射到腔4中。每个注射器6的针阀的位移通过借助于以8图示的电子单元控制的流体或更方便地电气型的（例如，旋转型的）相应促动器7来控制。
电子控制单元8被编程以便控制每个促动器7以及因此每个针阀6，以便在模制周期期间调整由它注射到腔4中的塑料材料的压力和流率。该控制可特别地提供成用于填充腔4的步骤期间注射器6的针阀的位置、速度、加速度和行程的调整。
根据本发明的模制设备还设有换能器器件，其提供成用于检测由注射到腔4中的塑料材料的过大压力导致的模具1的非期望的打开，且其可操作地连接至电子单元8，该电子单元8被编程（如下文中阐明的那样），以便限制或甚至消除模具1的打开。
根据本发明的独特的特征，这些换能器器件定位在腔4外部，且它们布置在模具1内部或甚至其外部。
在图1、图2和图3中呈现的实施例中，换能器器件由一系列的四个传感器9构成，它们定位在模具1的固定部分2中，使得它们在后者的关闭位置中面向可移动部分3。传感器9可从形变传感器、弯曲传感器、扭曲传感器、压力传感器之中选择，且它们可为接触型的或磁感应型的。
在操作时，如果模具1关闭且来自热浇道5的塑料材料借助于注射器6引入到腔4中，传感器9检测由注射到腔4中的塑料材料的过大压力引起的可移动部分3相对于固定部分2的可能的打开运动，且将对应的信号发送至电子单元8。电子单元8识别导致可能检测的超压的注射器6，且通过调整相关针阀的打开行程和/或速度和/或加速度来校正它，从而恢复最佳压力。基本上，预先限定模具1的最大打开值，在达到该最大打开值时中断或减小触发此最大值的注射器6的打开。
应注意到，前述校正步骤不但可在将塑料材料引入到模具中的步骤中而且可在装填注射的塑料材料的后续步骤期间促动。
在图4、图5和图6（其中使用相同的参考标号指示与先前已描述的部分相同或类似的部分）中呈现的变型的情况下，传感器9在相互面向的条件下应用在模具1的固定部分2和可移动部分3外部。
应注意到，用于检测模具1的非期望的打开的换能器还可布置在与示出的示例中呈现的位置不同的位置中，且甚至在模具1外部，诸如，例如在模制机器板上或相对于固定部分2沿可移动部分3的滑动柱。在任何情况下，这些传感器将总是布置在模具1的腔4外部，因此无论以任何方式，它们的存在将不影响在腔4中模制的制品的美观和结构特征。
如先前提到的那样，本发明提供在模制周期开始时初始的自动微调步骤，其中在限定模具1的容许最大打开值时，按顺序一次命令注射器6的打开，且每个注射器的影响取决于容许的最大打开值借助于传感器9发生。这允许检测模具1的哪些区域由每个单一注射器6所加应力最多（不考虑注射器6在模制周期期间的打开顺序）。这允许监测每个注射器6的影响，且电子单元8能够校准影响模具1的特定区域的注射器。
显然，在不脱离如在随后的权利要求中限定的本发明的保护的范围的情况下，构造细节和实施例可关于已描述和示出的内容宽泛地改变。

Claims (14)

1.用于借助于至少一个注射器（6）将塑料材料注射模制到模具（1）的腔（4）中的方法，所述注射器（6）的打开和关闭通过电子控制（8）操作，且其中由注射到所述腔（4）中的所述塑料材料的任何超压导致的所述模具（1）的非期望的打开由所述至少一个注射器（6）的所述电子单元（8）检测和校正，
其特征在于，所述模具（1）的所述打开的检测通过设在所述模具（1）的腔（4）外部的换能器器件（9）发生，且检测的所述模具（1）的打开通过在注射步骤期间和/或在装填所注射的塑料材料的随后步骤期间调整所述至少一个注射器（6）的行程和/或速度和/或关闭/打开的加速度来校正。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述模具（1）包括固定部分（2）和可移动部分（3），其特征在于，所述换能器器件（9）定位在所述模具（1）的所述固定部分（2）上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述模具的所述固定部分（2）应用在模制机器板上，其特征在于，所述换能器器件（9）定位在所述模制机器板上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述模具（1）包括固定部分（2）和可相对于所述固定部分（2）沿滑动柱位移的可移动部分（3），其特征在于，所述换能器器件（9）定位在所述柱上。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述换能器器件（9）在形变传感器、弯曲传感器、扭曲传感器、压力传感器之中选择。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述传感器是接触型的。
7.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述传感器是磁感应型的。
8.根据前述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的方法，其特征在于，建立所述模具（1）的最大打开值，在达到所述最大打开值时中断或减小所述至少一个注射器（6）的打开。
9.根据前述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的方法，其中所述注射由多个自主控制的注射器（6）促动，其特征在于，所述方法提供初始的自动微调步骤，其中在限定所述模具（1）的最大打开值时，一次命令注射器（6）的打开，且每个注射器（6）关于所述最大值的影响通过所述换能器器件（9）发生，且在随后的模制周期期间在每个注射器（6）的电子控制期间监测此影响。
10.用于将塑料材料注射模制到在固定部分（2）与可移动部分（3）之间形成的模具（1）的腔（4）中的设备，包括至少一个注射器（6）和换能器器件（9），所述注射器（6）的打开和关闭借助于电子控制（8）来执行，所述换能器器件（9）适于检测由注射到所述腔（4）中的所述塑料材料的压力导致的所述模具（1）的非期望的打开，所述换能器器件（9）可操作地连接至所述电子控制（8），其特征在于，所述换能器器件（9）布置在所述模具（1）的腔（4）外部，且所述电子控制（8）构造成使得通过在注射步骤期间和/或在装填所述注射的塑料材料的随后步骤期间调整所述至少一个注射器（6）的行程和/或速度和/或打开/关闭的加速度来减小所述模具（1）内部的压力以限制所述打开。
11.根据权利要求10所述的设备，其特征在于，所述换能器器件（9）定位在所述模具（1）的所述固定部分（2）上。
12.根据权利要求10所述的设备，其中所述固定部分（2）应用在模制机器板上，其特征在于，所述换能器器件（9）定位在所述模制机器板上。
13.根据权利要求10所述的设备，其中所述可移动部分（3）可相对于所述固定部分（2）沿滑动柱位移，其特征在于，所述换能器器件（9）定位在所述柱上。
14.根据权利要求10至权利要求13中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述换能器器件（9）在形变传感器、弯曲传感器、扭曲传感器、压力传感器之中选择，且它们为接触型的或磁感应型的。
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