CN110149814B - Bionic wear-resistant spring tooth harrow taking sandfish exendin as prototype - Google Patents
Bionic wear-resistant spring tooth harrow taking sandfish exendin as prototype Download PDFInfo
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- CN110149814B CN110149814B CN201910332699.4A CN201910332699A CN110149814B CN 110149814 B CN110149814 B CN 110149814B CN 201910332699 A CN201910332699 A CN 201910332699A CN 110149814 B CN110149814 B CN 110149814B
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 298
- 241001356458 Gonorynchus greyi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000270322 Lepidosauria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B19/00—Harrows with non-rotating tools
- A01B19/02—Harrows with non-rotating tools with tools rigidly or elastically attached to a tool-frame
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B23/00—Elements, tools, or details of harrows
- A01B23/02—Teeth; Fixing the teeth
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B25/00—Harrows with special additional arrangements, e.g. means for distributing fertilisers; Harrows for special purposes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
Abstract
The invention relates to a bionic wear-resistant spring tooth harrow taking a sandfish exendin as a prototype, belonging to the field of agricultural land preparation machinery. The invention comprises a frame, a spring tooth harrow damping device, bionic harrow teeth and bionic tooth tips; the surface of the bionic tooth tip, which contacts soil, is provided with bionic micro-thorn scales, and one bionic curve of the bionic tooth tip is a profile fitting curve of the head of the sandfish; the bionic tooth point cutting edge curve is a sandfish exendin head overlook contour fitting curve; the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip is provided with a bionic sandfish exendin micro-thorn scale structure, and the bionic micro-thorn scale outline consists of four curves; the bionic micro-thorn scales are uniformly distributed with a plurality of bionic micro-thorn structures in a strip shape, and each bionic micro-thorn structure is arc-shaped. The invention can effectively reduce the forward resistance, improve the breaking rate of the tooth tip by 5.5-10.3% and the wear resistance by 6.1-9.5%, reduce the energy consumption caused by friction and wear, ensure the operation quality, save the cost and prolong the service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bionic wear-resistant spring tooth harrow taking a sandfish exendin as a prototype, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural land preparation machinery.
Background
The spring tooth harrow is mainly used for the soil crushing operation of the land with more sundries and gravels and pasture. The spring tooth is bent to be approximate to a circular arc shape, and the tip is sharpened or steel hoe teeth are additionally arranged. The harrow teeth are made of strip spring steel and fixed on a rotatable harrow frame cross beam, and the angle of penetration of the harrow teeth is adjusted by a hand lever so as to change the harrowing depth; during transport, the tines can be adjusted to be completely off the ground. The working characteristics are as follows: by utilizing the elasticity of the spring teeth, when any spring tooth encounters a stone or grass root with larger resistance, the spring tooth is pressed to the rear, and the spring tooth is restored to the original position after the resistance is reduced, so that the stone or grass root is lifted up, and the soil is crushed; if the resistance is too large, the bending degree of the spring tooth is increased, and finally the spring tooth returns to the original position after passing through the obstruction, and the spring tooth continues to advance. However, in the process of picking up and breaking up the soil blocks, if the resistance is too large, the operation energy consumption is increased, and even the spring tooth harrow is difficult to reset when serious; in addition, the surface of the harrow teeth has serious friction and abrasion phenomenon, especially the abrasion of the harrow teeth tips, which causes the problems of poor clay crushing effect, insufficient service life of the harrow teeth and the like. Overcoming the resistance to advancement and friction is thus currently the main direction of investigation.
The bionic study shows that the soil animal has body structure and function suitable for different soil environments, and the bionic design is carried out on the soil touching part of the existing agricultural machinery by analyzing and simulating the morphological characteristics and biological characteristics of typical soil animals. The sandfish lizard is a very special genus in the desert lizard, and mainly survives in arid and semiarid desert edge zones. The special feature is that it can move freely and quickly inside arid dunes like swimming fish, and is therefore called "sandfish exendin". The sand fish exendin is developed in limbs, the sand fish is loved to dig holes, the head is buried into a sand hill firstly when the holes are dug every time, then the front feet are forced to swing left and right, and the sand hill is quickly and rapidly drilled into the sand hill, however, the surface of the sand fish exendin has excellent wear resistance, and can be kept intact in a severe wear environment. Therefore, the invention designs a bionic wear-resistant spring tooth harrow taking the sandfish exendin as a prototype.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the invention provides a bionic wear-resistant spring tooth harrow taking a sandfish exendin as a prototype, which is used for solving the problems of overhigh advancing resistance and serious abrasive wear in the working process of the existing spring tooth harrow.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a bionic wear-resistant spring tooth harrow taking a sandfish exendin as a prototype comprises a frame 1 and a spring tooth harrow working part 2; the spring tooth harrow working part comprises a spring tooth harrow damping device, a bionic harrow tooth 5 and a bionic tooth tip 6; the spring tooth harrow damping device comprises a fixed bracket 3, a spring 4 and a connecting plate 9; the fixed support 3 is fixed on the frame 1, one end of the connecting plate 9 is movably connected with the lower end of the fixed support 3 through a pin shaft 10, the upper surface of the connecting plate 9 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spring fixing shaft 11, the upper end of the spring fixing shaft 11 movably penetrates through a connecting block 13 at the upper end of the fixed support 3, the connecting block 13 is connected with the upper end of the fixed support 3 through a connecting pin 12, a spring 4 is arranged on the spring fixing shaft 11, and the other end of the connecting plate 9 is connected with the bionic rake teeth 5 through screws; the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 is provided with a bionic micro-thorn flake 7;
further, the bionic tooth tip 6 takes a sandfish exendin as a prototype and comprises two bionic curves and cutting edges; the two bionic curves have the same shape, the upper ends of the two bionic curves are in smooth transition, the lower ends of the two bionic curves are cutting edges, and the two bionic curves are fitted with the cutting edges to obtain the side profile of the bionic tooth tip 6;
one bionic curve is a sandfish head outline profile fitting curve y 1 ＝-23.71+1.89x 1 -0.02635x 1 2 +0.0002281x 1 3 -1.06×10 -6 x 1 4 +2.806×10 -9 x 1 5 -4.253×10 -12 x 1 6 +3.431×10 - 15 x 1 7 -1.151×10 -18 x 1 8 +1.613×10 -23 x 1 9 ，x 1 The value range is 0 mm-600 mm, and the scale factor s1 is 0.05-0.5.
Further, the cutting edge contour curve of the bionic tooth tip 6 is a sandfish exendin head overlook contour fitting curve y 2 ＝-45.31361+2.96032x 2 +0.01237x 2 2 -1.09767×10 -4 x 2 3 +1.53218×10 -7 x 2 ，x 2 The value range is 0 mm-400 mm, and the scale factor s2 is 0.05-0.5.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 takes the microscopic surface characteristics of the back of the sandfish as a prototype, is linearly and uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6, and the front profile curve of the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 consists of four curves a, b, c and d: a:. Rho 2 -3ρcosθ+2＝0， Wherein θ is the scale profile center angle, and during operation, along the direction of soil motion, the distance between the front surface of the single bionic micro-thorn scale 7 profile and the bionic tooth tip 6 is widened from narrow, the narrowest place is 0, and the value range of the widest place is 0.1 mm-0.5 mm.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 in a transverse row.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed with a plurality of bionic micro-thorn structures in a strip shape, each bionic micro-thorn structure is arc-shaped, the strip distance between every two bionic micro-thorn structures is 0.3 mm-0.8 mm, each bionic micro-thorn structure is composed of a plurality of bionic micro-thorns 8, the shape of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is in an oblique conical shape, an oblique triangular conical shape or an oblique tetragonal conical shape, the angle between the inclined plane and the bottom surface is 5-15 degrees, the tip of each bionic micro-thorn 8 faces upwards, and the height of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is 0.02 mm-0.1 mm.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the working process of the damping part of the invention is as follows: when the spring tooth harrow works, the bionic tooth tip 6 enters the soil and is subjected to upward resistance, so that the bionic tooth upwards pushes the spring fixing shaft 11 on the connecting plate 9 to move upwards, and the spring 4 on the spring fixing shaft 11 is compressed, so that shock absorption is performed.
The invention carries out bionic action on the profile curve of the head side view and overlook of the sandfish exendin and the microscopic characteristics of the body surface, extracts the curves and respectively fits the curves into equations, and applies the curves to the profile of the spring tooth harrow; the observed micro-thorn structure of the exendin skin scales of the sandfish is applied to the soil contact surface of the spring tooth harrow, so that the advancing resistance in the working process of the spring tooth harrow is reduced, and the abrasion resistance of the spring tooth harrow is enhanced.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention carries out bionic action on the profile curve of the side view and overlook of the head part of the sandfish and the microscopic characteristics of the body surface, and applies the profile curve to the cutting edge of the spring tooth harrow and the soil contact surface thereof, thereby solving the problems of advancing resistance, friction force and the like encountered by the spring tooth harrow in the working process;
2. compared with the common spring tooth harrow, the bionic tip of the spring tooth harrow has more obvious earth breaking effect in the earth breaking process, and the earth breaking rate is improved by 5.5-10.3%;
3. the bionic micro-thorn structure enhances the wear resistance by 6.1 to 9.5 percent in the soil breaking operation process of multiple sundries and gravel lands, thereby not only ensuring the operation quality, but also reducing the energy consumption caused by friction and wear. The cost is saved, the spring tooth harrow can work better, and the service life of the spring tooth harrow is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a bionic wear-resistant spring tooth rake of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the working parts of the spring tooth rake of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of the working part of the spring tooth rake of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the bionic wear resistant latch rake of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a side view of a biomimetic tip of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a bionic tooth tip according to the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a bionic micro-thorn scale structure on a bionic tooth tip;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a bionic micro-thorn scale structure on a bionic tooth tip;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the front profile of a bionic micro-thorn scale on a bionic tooth tip according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a bionic micro-spur structure of a bevel cone shape on a bionic micro-spur scale on a bionic tooth tip according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a simulated tooth point edge profile fit curve of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a simulated tooth point profile fit curve of the present invention;
the reference numerals in fig. 1-12: the device comprises a frame 1, a spring toothed harrow working part 2, a fixed support 3, a spring 4, a bionic toothed harrow 5, a bionic toothed tip 6, a bionic micro-thorn scale 7, a bionic micro-thorn 8, a connecting plate 9, a pin shaft 10, a spring fixed shaft 11, a connecting pin 12 and a connecting block 13.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-12, a bionic wear-resistant spring rake taking a sandfish exendin as a prototype comprises a frame 1 and a spring rake working part 2; the spring tooth harrow working part comprises a spring tooth harrow damping device, a bionic harrow tooth 5 and a bionic tooth tip 6; the spring tooth harrow damping device comprises a fixed bracket 3, a spring 4 and a connecting plate 9; the fixed support 3 is fixed on the frame 1, one end of the connecting plate 9 is movably connected with the lower end of the fixed support 3 through a pin shaft 10, the upper surface of the connecting plate 9 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spring fixing shaft 11, the upper end of the spring fixing shaft 11 movably penetrates through a connecting block 13 at the upper end of the fixed support 3, the connecting block 13 is connected with the upper end of the fixed support 3 through a connecting pin 12, a spring 4 is arranged on the spring fixing shaft 11, and the other end of the connecting plate 9 is connected with the bionic rake teeth 5 through screws; the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 is provided with a bionic micro-thorn flake 7;
further, the bionic tooth tip 6 takes a sandfish exendin as a prototype and comprises two bionic curves and cutting edges; the two bionic curves have the same shape, the upper ends of the two bionic curves are in smooth transition, the lower ends of the two bionic curves are cutting edges, and the two bionic curves are fitted with the cutting edges to obtain the side profile of the bionic tooth tip 6;
one bionic curve is a sandfish head outline profile fitting curve y 1 ＝-23.71+1.89x 1 -0.02635x 1 2 +0.0002281x 1 3 -1.06×10 -6 x 1 4 +2.806×10 -9 x 1 5 -4.253×10 -12 x 1 6 +3.431×10 - 15 x 1 7 -1.151×10 -18 x 1 8 +1.613×10 -23 x 1 9 ，x 1 The value range is 0 mm-600 mm, and the scale factor s1 is 0.05.
Further, the cutting edge contour curve of the bionic tooth tip 6 is a sandfish exendin head overlook contour fitting curve y 2 ＝-45.31361+2.96032x 2 +0.01237x 2 2 -1.09767×10 -4 x 2 3 +1.53218×10 -7 x 2 ，x 2 The value range is 0 mm-400 mm, and the scale factor s2 is 0.05.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 takes the microscopic surface characteristics of the back of the sandfish as a prototype, is linearly and uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6, and the front profile curve of the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 consists of four curves a, b, c and d: a:. Rho 2 -3ρcosθ+2＝0， Wherein θ is the scale profile center angle, and during operation, along the direction of soil motion, the distance of single bionical thorn scale 7 profile front and bionical tooth point 6 is from narrow widening, and the narrowest department is 0, and the value range of widest department is 0.1mm.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 in a transverse row.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed with a plurality of bionic micro-thorn structures in a strip shape, each bionic micro-thorn structure is arc-shaped, the strip distance between every two bionic micro-thorn structures is 0.3mm, each bionic micro-thorn structure is composed of a plurality of bionic micro-thorns 8, the shape of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is in an inclined conical shape, an inclined triangular conical shape or an inclined square conical shape, the angle between the inclined plane and the bottom surface is 5 degrees, the tip of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is upward, and the height of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is 0.02 mm-0.1 mm.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 1-12, a bionic wear-resistant spring rake taking a sandfish exendin as a prototype comprises a frame 1 and a spring rake working part 2; the spring tooth harrow working part comprises a spring tooth harrow damping device, a bionic harrow tooth 5 and a bionic tooth tip 6; the spring tooth harrow damping device comprises a fixed bracket 3, a spring 4 and a connecting plate 9; the fixed support 3 is fixed on the frame 1, one end of the connecting plate 9 is movably connected with the lower end of the fixed support 3 through a pin shaft 10, the upper surface of the connecting plate 9 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spring fixing shaft 11, the upper end of the spring fixing shaft 11 movably penetrates through a connecting block 13 at the upper end of the fixed support 3, the connecting block 13 is connected with the upper end of the fixed support 3 through a connecting pin 12, a spring 4 is arranged on the spring fixing shaft 11, and the other end of the connecting plate 9 is connected with the bionic rake teeth 5 through screws; the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 is provided with a bionic micro-thorn flake 7;
further, the bionic tooth tip 6 takes a sandfish exendin as a prototype and comprises two bionic curves and cutting edges; the two bionic curves have the same shape, the upper ends of the two bionic curves are in smooth transition, the lower ends of the two bionic curves are cutting edges, and the two bionic curves are fitted with the cutting edges to obtain the side profile of the bionic tooth tip 6;
one bionic curve is a sandfish head outline profile fitting curve y 1 ＝-23.71+1.89x 1 -0.02635x 1 2 +0.0002281x 1 3 -1.06×10 -6 x 1 4 +2.806×10 -9 x 1 5 -4.253×10 -12 x 1 6 +3.431×10 - 15 x 1 7 -1.151×10 -18 x 1 8 +1.613×10 -23 x 1 9 ，x 1 The value range is 0 mm-600 mm, and the scale factor s1 is 0.2.
Further, the cutting edge contour curve of the bionic tooth tip 6 is a sandfish exendin head overlook contour fitting curve y 2 ＝-45.31361+2.96032x 2 +0.01237x 2 2 -1.09767×10 -4 x 2 3 +1.53218×10 -7 x 2 ，x 2 The value range is 0 mm-400 mm, and the scale factor s2 is 0.3.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 takes the microscopic surface characteristics of the back of the sandfish as a prototype, is linearly and uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6, and the front profile curve of the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 consists of four curves a, b, c and d: a:. Rho 2 -3ρcosθ+2＝0， Wherein θ is the central angle of the scale outline, and when working, the soil is followedIn the moving direction, the distance between the front surface of the outline of the single bionic micro-thorn flake 7 and the bionic tooth tip 6 is widened from narrow, the narrowest part is 0, and the value range of the widest part is 0.4mm.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 in a transverse row.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed with a plurality of bionic micro-thorn structures in a strip shape, each bionic micro-thorn structure is arc-shaped, the strip distance between every two bionic micro-thorn structures is 0.5mm, each bionic micro-thorn structure is composed of a plurality of bionic micro-thorns 8, the shape of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is in an inclined conical shape, an inclined triangular conical shape or an inclined square conical shape, the angle between the inclined plane and the bottom surface is 10 degrees, the tip of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is upward, and the height of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is 0.02 mm-0.1 mm.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 1-12, a bionic wear-resistant spring rake taking a sandfish exendin as a prototype comprises a frame 1 and a spring rake working part 2; the spring tooth harrow working part comprises a spring tooth harrow damping device, a bionic harrow tooth 5 and a bionic tooth tip 6; the spring tooth harrow damping device comprises a fixed bracket 3, a spring 4 and a connecting plate 9; the fixed support 3 is fixed on the frame 1, one end of the connecting plate 9 is movably connected with the lower end of the fixed support 3 through a pin shaft 10, the upper surface of the connecting plate 9 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spring fixing shaft 11, the upper end of the spring fixing shaft 11 movably penetrates through a connecting block 13 at the upper end of the fixed support 3, the connecting block 13 is connected with the upper end of the fixed support 3 through a connecting pin 12, a spring 4 is arranged on the spring fixing shaft 11, and the other end of the connecting plate 9 is connected with the bionic rake teeth 5 through screws; the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 is provided with a bionic micro-thorn flake 7;
further, the bionic tooth tip 6 takes a sandfish exendin as a prototype and comprises two bionic curves and cutting edges; the two bionic curves have the same shape, the upper ends of the two bionic curves are in smooth transition, the lower ends of the two bionic curves are cutting edges, and the two bionic curves are fitted with the cutting edges to obtain the side profile of the bionic tooth tip 6;
one bionic curve is a sandfish head outline profile fitting curve y 1 ＝-23.71+1.89x 1 -0.02635x 1 2 +0.0002281x 1 3 -1.06×10 -6 x 1 4 +2.806×10 -9 x 1 5 -4.253×10 -12 x 1 6 +3.431×10 - 15 x 1 7 -1.151×10 -18 x 1 8 +1.613×10 -23 x 1 9 ，x 1 The value range is 0 mm-600 mm, and the scale factor s1 is 0.5.
Further, the cutting edge contour curve of the bionic tooth tip 6 is a sandfish exendin head overlook contour fitting curve y 2 ＝-45.31361+2.96032x 2 +0.01237x 2 2 -1.09767×10 -4 x 2 3 +1.53218×10 -7 x 2 ，x 2 The value range is 0 mm-400 mm, and the scale factor s2 is 0.5.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 takes the microscopic surface characteristics of the back of the sandfish as a prototype, is linearly and uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6, and the front profile curve of the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 consists of four curves a, b, c and d: a:. Rho 2 -3ρcosθ+2＝0， Wherein θ is the scale profile center angle, and during operation, along the direction of soil motion, the distance of single bionical thorn scale 7 profile front and bionical tooth point 6 is from narrow widening, and the narrowest department is 0, and the value range of widest department is 0.5mm.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 in a transverse row.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed with a plurality of bionic micro-thorn structures in a strip shape, each bionic micro-thorn structure is arc-shaped, the strip distance between every two bionic micro-thorn structures is 0.8mm, each bionic micro-thorn structure is composed of a plurality of bionic micro-thorns 8, the shape of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is in an inclined conical shape, an inclined triangular conical shape or an inclined square conical shape, the angle between the inclined plane and the bottom surface is 15 degrees, the tip of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is upward, and the height of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is 0.02 mm-0.1 mm.
Example 4: as shown in fig. 1-12, a bionic wear-resistant spring rake taking a sandfish exendin as a prototype comprises a frame 1 and a spring rake working part 2; the spring tooth harrow working part comprises a spring tooth harrow damping device, a bionic harrow tooth 5 and a bionic tooth tip 6; the spring tooth harrow damping device comprises a fixed bracket 3, a spring 4 and a connecting plate 9; the fixed support 3 is fixed on the frame 1, one end of the connecting plate 9 is movably connected with the lower end of the fixed support 3 through a pin shaft 10, the upper surface of the connecting plate 9 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spring fixing shaft 11, the upper end of the spring fixing shaft 11 movably penetrates through a connecting block 13 at the upper end of the fixed support 3, the connecting block 13 is connected with the upper end of the fixed support 3 through a connecting pin 12, a spring 4 is arranged on the spring fixing shaft 11, and the other end of the connecting plate 9 is connected with the bionic rake teeth 5 through screws; the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 is provided with a bionic micro-thorn flake 7;
further, the bionic tooth tip 6 takes a sandfish exendin as a prototype and comprises two bionic curves and cutting edges; the two bionic curves have the same shape, the upper ends of the two bionic curves are in smooth transition, the lower ends of the two bionic curves are cutting edges, and the two bionic curves are fitted with the cutting edges to obtain the side profile of the bionic tooth tip 6;
one bionic curve is a sandfish head outline profile fitting curve y 1 ＝-23.71+1.89x 1 -0.02635x 1 2 +0.0002281x 1 3 -1.06×10 -6 x 1 4 +2.806×10 -9 x 1 5 -4.253×10 -12 x 1 6 +3.431×10 - 15 x 1 7 -1.151×10 -18 x 1 8 +1.613×10 -23 x 1 9 ，x 1 The value range is 0 mm-600 mm, and the scale factor s1 is 0.5.
Further, the cutting edge contour curve of the bionic tooth tip 6 is a sandfish exendin head overlook contour fitting curve y 2 ＝-45.31361+2.96032x 2 +0.01237x 2 2 -1.09767×10 -4 x 2 3 +1.53218×10 -7 x 2 ，x 2 The value range is 0 mm-400 mm, and the scale factor s2 is 0.2.
Further, 3 rows of a plurality of spring tooth harrow working parts 2 are arranged on the frame 1, the spring tooth harrow working parts 2 arranged in each row are uniformly and alternately distributed, the spring tooth harrow working parts 2 in each row are uniformly distributed on the frame, the distance AD between two similar spring tooth harrow working parts 2 in each row is 300-500 mm, and the distance between two adjacent rows is 300-500 mm.
Further, the bionic rake teeth 5 are made of spring steel, the bionic tooth tips 6 are fixed on the bionic rake teeth 5 through countersunk screws, the width of the bionic rake teeth 5 is 30-50 mm, the thickness of the bionic rake teeth is 5-10 mm, the width of the bionic tooth tips 6 is 50-80 mm, the thickness of the bionic tooth tips is 5-10 mm, and the depth of the tooth tips entering soil is changed by adjusting the installation height, so that the depth of the tooth tips entering soil is 30-50 mm.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 takes the microscopic surface characteristics of the back of the sandfish as a prototype, is linearly and uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6, and the front profile curve of the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 consists of four curves a, b, c and d: a:. Rho 2 -3ρcosθ+2＝0， Wherein θ is the scale profile center angle, and during operation, along the direction of soil motion, the distance of single bionical thorn scale 7 profile front and bionical tooth point 6 is from narrow widening, and the narrowest department is 0, and the value range of widest department is 0.2mm.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 in a transverse row.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed with a plurality of bionic micro-thorn structures in a strip shape, each bionic micro-thorn structure is arc-shaped, the strip distance between every two bionic micro-thorn structures is 0.5mm, each bionic micro-thorn structure is composed of a plurality of bionic micro-thorns 8, the shape of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is in an inclined conical shape, an inclined triangular conical shape or an inclined square conical shape, the angle between the inclined plane and the bottom surface is 10 degrees, the tip of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is upward, and the height of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is 0.02 mm-0.1 mm.
The effects of this embodiment are:
the bionic tooth tip can be independently replaced after being worn, so that the cost is saved and the waste of resources is reduced. Each row of spring tooth harrows are staggered transversely, so that the space is fully utilized, and the soil preparation efficiency is greatly improved.
Compared with the existing spring tooth harrow, the bionic spring tooth harrow designed according to the head outline of the sandy fish in the soil breaking process has obvious soil breaking effect, and the soil breaking rate of the spring tooth harrow is improved by 10.3%; meanwhile, the bionic wear-resistant spring tooth harrow can effectively reduce the forward resistance, and the scale micro-thorn structure improves the wear resistance of the spring tooth harrow by 8.6%.
Example 5: as shown in fig. 1-12, a bionic wear-resistant spring rake taking a sandfish exendin as a prototype comprises a frame 1 and a spring rake working part 2; the spring tooth harrow working part comprises a spring tooth harrow damping device, a bionic harrow tooth 5 and a bionic tooth tip 6; the spring tooth harrow damping device comprises a fixed bracket 3, a spring 4 and a connecting plate 9; the fixed support 3 is fixed on the frame 1, one end of the connecting plate 9 is movably connected with the lower end of the fixed support 3 through a pin shaft 10, the upper surface of the connecting plate 9 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spring fixing shaft 11, the upper end of the spring fixing shaft 11 movably penetrates through a connecting block 13 at the upper end of the fixed support 3, the connecting block 13 is connected with the upper end of the fixed support 3 through a connecting pin 12, a spring 4 is arranged on the spring fixing shaft 11, and the other end of the connecting plate 9 is connected with the bionic rake teeth 5 through screws; the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 is provided with a bionic micro-thorn flake 7;
further, the bionic tooth tip 6 takes a sandfish exendin as a prototype and comprises two bionic curves and cutting edges; the two bionic curves have the same shape, the upper ends of the two bionic curves are in smooth transition, the lower ends of the two bionic curves are cutting edges, and the two bionic curves are fitted with the cutting edges to obtain the side profile of the bionic tooth tip 6;
one bionic curve is a sandfish head outline profile fitting curve y 1 ＝-23.71+1.89x 1 -0.02635x 1 2 +0.0002281x 1 3 -1.06×10 -6 x 1 4 +2.806×10 -9 x 1 5 -4.253×10 -12 x 1 6 +3.431×10 - 15 x 1 7 -1.151×10 -18 x 1 8 +1.613×10 -23 x 1 9 ，x 1 The value range is 0 mm-600 mm, and the scale factor s1 is 0.3.
Further, the cutting edge contour curve of the bionic tooth tip 6 is a sandfish exendin head overlook contour fitting curve y 2 ＝-45.31361+2.96032x 2 +0.01237x 2 2 -1.09767×10 -4 x 2 3 +1.53218×10 -7 x 2 ，x 2 The value range is 0 mm-400 mm, and the scale factor s2 is 0.1.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 takes the microscopic surface characteristics of the back of the sandfish as a prototype, is linearly and uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6, and the front profile curve of the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 consists of four curves a, b, c and d: a:. Rho 2 -3ρcosθ+2＝0， Wherein θ is the scale profile center angle, and during operation, along the direction of soil motion, the distance of single bionical thorn scale 7 profile front and bionical tooth point 6 is from narrow widening, and the narrowest department is 0, and the value range of widest department is 0.3mm.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 in a transverse row.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed with a plurality of bionic micro-thorn structures in a strip shape, each bionic micro-thorn structure is arc-shaped, the strip distance between every two bionic micro-thorn structures is 0.3mm, each bionic micro-thorn structure is composed of a plurality of bionic micro-thorns 8, the shape of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is in an inclined conical shape, an inclined triangular conical shape or an inclined square conical shape, the angle between the inclined plane and the bottom surface is 15 degrees, the tip of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is upward, and the height of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is 0.02 mm-0.1 mm.
The effects of this embodiment are:
compared with the existing spring tooth harrow, the bionic spring tooth harrow designed according to the head outline of the sandy fish in the soil breaking process has obvious soil breaking effect, and the soil breaking rate of the spring tooth harrow is improved by 7.9%; meanwhile, the bionic wear-resistant spring tooth harrow can effectively reduce the forward resistance, the thickness of scales is small, and the micro-thorns are densely distributed, so that the wear resistance of the spring tooth harrow is improved by 9.5%.
Example 6: as shown in fig. 1-12, a bionic wear-resistant spring rake taking a sandfish exendin as a prototype comprises a frame 1 and a spring rake working part 2; the spring tooth harrow working part comprises a spring tooth harrow damping device, a bionic harrow tooth 5 and a bionic tooth tip 6; the spring tooth harrow damping device comprises a fixed bracket 3, a spring 4 and a connecting plate 9; the fixed support 3 is fixed on the frame 1, one end of the connecting plate 9 is movably connected with the lower end of the fixed support 3 through a pin shaft 10, the upper surface of the connecting plate 9 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spring fixing shaft 11, the upper end of the spring fixing shaft 11 movably penetrates through a connecting block 13 at the upper end of the fixed support 3, the connecting block 13 is connected with the upper end of the fixed support 3 through a connecting pin 12, a spring 4 is arranged on the spring fixing shaft 11, and the other end of the connecting plate 9 is connected with the bionic rake teeth 5 through screws; the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 is provided with a bionic micro-thorn flake 7;
further, the bionic tooth tip 6 takes a sandfish exendin as a prototype and comprises two bionic curves and cutting edges; the two bionic curves have the same shape, the upper ends of the two bionic curves are in smooth transition, the lower ends of the two bionic curves are cutting edges, and the two bionic curves are fitted with the cutting edges to obtain the side profile of the bionic tooth tip 6;
one bionic curve is a sandfish head outline profile fitting curve y 1 ＝-23.71+1.89x 1 -0.02635x 1 2 +0.0002281x 1 3 -1.06×10 -6 x 1 4 +2.806×10 -9 x 1 5 -4.253×10 -12 x 1 6 +3.431×10 - 15 x 1 7 -1.151×10 -18 x 1 8 +1.613×10 -23 x 1 9 ，x 1 The value range is 0 mm-600 mm, and the scale factor s1 is 0.2.
Further, the cutting edge contour curve of the bionic tooth tip 6 is a sandfish exendin head overlook contour fittingCurve y 2 ＝-45.31361+2.96032x 2 +0.01237x 2 2 -1.09767×10 -4 x 2 3 +1.53218×10 -7 x 2 ，x 2 The value range is 0 mm-400 mm, and the scale factor s2 is 0.05.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 takes the microscopic surface characteristics of the back of the sandfish as a prototype, is linearly and uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6, and the front profile curve of the bionic micro-thorn scale 7 consists of four curves a, b, c and d: a:. Rho 2 -3ρcosθ+2＝0， Wherein θ is the scale profile center angle, and during operation, along the direction of soil motion, the distance of single bionical thorn scale 7 profile front and bionical tooth point 6 is from narrow widening, and the narrowest department is 0, and the value range of widest department is 0.4mm.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip 6 in a transverse row.
Further, the bionic micro-thorn scales 7 are uniformly distributed with a plurality of bionic micro-thorn structures in a strip shape, each bionic micro-thorn structure is arc-shaped, the strip distance between every two bionic micro-thorn structures is 0.8mm, each bionic micro-thorn structure is composed of a plurality of bionic micro-thorns 8, the shape of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is in an inclined conical shape, an inclined triangular conical shape or an inclined square conical shape, the angle between the inclined plane and the bottom surface is 5 degrees, the tip of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is upward, and the height of each bionic micro-thorn 8 is 0.02 mm-0.1 mm.
The effects of this embodiment are:
compared with the existing spring tooth harrow, the bionic spring tooth harrow designed according to the head outline of the sandy fish in the soil breaking process improves the breaking rate of the spring tooth harrow by 5.9%; meanwhile, the bionic wear-resistant spring tooth harrow can effectively reduce the forward resistance, the thickness of scales is larger, the micro-thorns are denser, and the wear resistance of the spring tooth harrow is improved by 6.5%.
The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A bionic wear-resistant spring tooth rake taking sandfish exendin as a prototype is characterized in that: comprises a frame (1) and a spring tooth rake working part (2); the spring tooth harrow working part comprises a spring tooth harrow damping device, a bionic harrow tooth (5) and a bionic tooth tip (6); the spring tooth harrow damping device comprises a fixed bracket (3), a spring (4) and a connecting plate (9); the fixed support (3) is fixed on the frame (1), one end of the connecting plate (9) is movably connected with the lower end of the fixed support (3) through a pin shaft (10), the upper surface of the connecting plate (9) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spring fixing shaft (11), the upper end of the spring fixing shaft (11) is movably connected with the connecting block (13) penetrating through the upper end of the fixed support (3), the connecting block (13) is connected with the upper end of the fixed support (3) through a connecting pin (12), a spring (4) is arranged on the spring fixing shaft (11), and the other end of the connecting plate (9) is connected with the bionic rake teeth (5) through screws; the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip (6) is provided with a bionic micro-thorn flake (7);
the bionic tooth tip (6) takes a sandfish exendin as a prototype and comprises two bionic curves and cutting edges; the two bionic curves have the same shape, the upper ends of the two bionic curves are in smooth transition, the lower ends of the two bionic curves are cutting edges, and the two bionic curves are fitted with the cutting edges to obtain the side profile of the bionic tooth tip (6);
one bionic curve is a sandfish head outline profile fitting curve y 1 ＝-23.71+1.89x 1 -0.02635x 1 2 +0.0002281x 1 3 -1.06×10 -6 x 1 4 +2.806×10 -9 x 1 5 -4.253×10 -12 x 1 6 +3.431×10 -15 x 1 7 -1.151×10 -18 x 1 8 +1.613×10 -23 x 1 9 ，x 1 The value range is 0 mm-600 mm, and the profile is fitted with curve y 1 The ratio factor s1 of (2) is 0.05-0.5;
the profile curve of the cutting edge of the bionic tooth tip (6) is a sandfishExendin head top-down contour fitting curve y 2 ＝-45.31361+2.96032x 2 +0.01237x 2 2 -1.09767×10 -4 x 2 3 +1.53218×10 -7 x 2 ，x 2 The value range is 0 mm-400 mm, and the overlooking profile fits the curve y 2 The ratio factor s2 of (2) is 0.05-0.5;
the bionic micro-thorn scales (7) are transversely and uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip (6) in a row.
2. The bionic wear-resistant latch rake prototype of claim 1, wherein: the bionic micro-thorn scale (7) takes the microscopic surface characteristics of the back of the sandfish as a prototype, is linearly and uniformly distributed on the soil contact surface of the bionic tooth tip (6), and the front profile curve of the bionic micro-thorn scale (7) consists of four curves a, b, c and d: a:. Rho 2 -3ρcosθ+2＝0，c:ρ＝2,/>d:ρ＝1,/>Wherein θ is the central angle of the scale outline, and when the bionic micro-thorn scale works, the distance between the front surface of the outline of the single bionic micro-thorn scale (7) and the bionic tooth tip (6) is widened from narrow, the narrowest part is 0, and the value range of the widest part is 0.1 mm-0.5 mm.
3. The bionic wear-resistant latch rake prototype of claim 1, wherein: the bionic micro-thorn scale (7) is provided with a plurality of bionic micro-thorn structures which are uniformly distributed in a strip shape, each bionic micro-thorn structure is arc-shaped, the strip distance between every two bionic micro-thorn structures is 0.3 mm-0.8 mm, each bionic micro-thorn structure is composed of a plurality of bionic micro-thorns (8), the shape of each bionic micro-thorn (8) is in an inclined conical shape, an inclined triangular conical shape or an inclined square conical shape, the angle between the inclined plane and the bottom surface is 5-15 degrees, the thorn tip of each bionic micro-thorn (8) faces upwards, and the range of the height value of each bionic micro-thorn (8) is 0.02 mm-0.1 mm.
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