CN110144782B

CN110144782B - Rail stability detection device

Info

Publication number: CN110144782B
Application number: CN201910487667.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 竺裕东
Original assignee: Jiangsu Gude Operation And Maintenance Information Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Gude operation and maintenance information technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-06-05
Filing date: 2019-06-05
Publication date: 2021-02-09
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-05
Also published as: CN110144782A; JP2020200745A; JP6719706B1

Abstract

The invention discloses a rail stability detection device, which comprises a detection base, wherein a power cavity is arranged in the detection base, the power cavity is provided with a walking device which can drive the equipment to move, five groups of transmission cavities with rectangular arrays are symmetrically arranged in the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the power cavity, the back wall of the transmission cavity is internally provided with the re-tightening cavities which are vertically symmetrical, and the re-tightening cavities are internally provided with re-tightening devices which can fasten bolts for fixing rails, the invention has simple structure, convenient operation and convenient maintenance, the equipment can detect the rail fixing bolts at a plurality of positions and automatically perform the re-tightening operation on the loosened bolts, the torque of the rail fixing bolt can be detected according to a set standard, the tightening effect is stable, the detection efficiency is improved, the working environment of workers is improved, and the railway maintenance cost is reduced, so that the device has high use and popularization values.

Description

Rail stability detection device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of railway construction, in particular to a rail stability detection device.

Background

With the development of society, the economic connection of each city is close, and the rail force system is one of the main ways for people and economic communication in cities, so the construction of railways is developing, wherein a rail is one of the important components of railways, the stability of rail installation directly influences the running safety and speed of a train, and after long-time use, the stability of the rail is reduced due to the looseness of a rail fixing bolt, so that the rail bolt needs to be detected regularly.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem is as follows:

the traditional railway stability detection uses a manual operation mode, the detection is time-consuming and long, the detection efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, the working environment is severe, the detection effect is unstable, and the fixed torque of the railway fixing bolt cannot be quantified.

The rail stability detection device comprises a detection base, wherein a power cavity is arranged in the detection base, the power cavity is provided with a walking device capable of driving the device to move, so that the working range of the device can be enlarged, five groups of transmission cavities with rectangular arrays are symmetrically arranged in the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the power cavity, tightening cavities are symmetrically arranged in the upper wall and the lower wall of the transmission cavity, tightening devices capable of fastening bolts for fixing the rail are arranged in the tightening cavities, so that stable operation can be carried out on the rail of the railway, steering cavities which are symmetrically arranged in the left wall and the right wall of the transmission cavity are arranged in the front wall of the transmission cavity, a detection cavity is arranged in the top wall of the steering cavity, a judgment device capable of detecting the fixing effect of the rail is arranged in the detection cavity, and the influence on the overall stability of the rail when a single bolt does not achieve the stabilizing effect can be avoided, the power cavity is internally provided with a power system capable of driving the equipment to continuously work, and the power cavity is internally provided with a switching mechanism capable of switching the power transmission direction generated by the power system, so that the working state of the equipment can be switched.

Preferably, the power system includes a power machine disposed in the bottom wall of the power cavity, a power shaft is disposed in the power cavity, the bottom end of the power shaft is in power connection with the power machine, a spline shaft is slidably disposed on an outer wall of the spline shaft, wherein the spline shaft is in spline fit connection with the power shaft, a driving gear is disposed on an outer wall of the spline shaft, a transmission shaft is disposed in the rightmost transmission cavity, a transmission gear which is disposed in the power cavity and can be engaged with the driving gear is disposed on an outer wall of the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft can be driven to rotate, transmission bevel gears disposed in the transmission cavity are symmetrically disposed at upper and lower ends of the transmission gear, and power generated by the power system can be transmitted to the tightening device.

Preferably, the power machine may be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor for driving the power shaft to rotate.

Preferably, running gear includes bilateral symmetry's the locating walking axle in the power cavity, walking axle upper and lower both ends symmetry is equipped with the walking wheel that is located the equipment outside, and then can drive this equipment along the rail walking, and then the working range of too big change, be equipped with on the walking axle outer wall and be located the driven pulleys in the walking axle, the power cavity is equipped with bilateral symmetry's axis of rotation, the axis of rotation is equipped with driving pulley, driving pulley with the transmission is equipped with the walking belt between the driven pulleys, and then can drive the walking axle rotates, the axis of rotation bottom be equipped with driving gear meshed's driven gear, and then can drive the axis of rotation rotates, wherein, the right side driven gear with driven being equipped with transmission gear between the driving gear, transmission gear locates on the transmission shaft outer wall.

Preferably, the retightening device comprises a power distribution shaft arranged in the transmission cavity, a transmission bevel gear engaged with the transmission bevel gear is arranged on the outer wall of the power distribution shaft so as to drive the power distribution shaft to rotate, a drive bevel gear positioned in the transmission cavity is arranged on the outer wall of the power distribution shaft, a drive shaft is arranged in the transmission cavity, a driven bevel gear engaged with the drive bevel gear is arranged at the front end of the drive shaft so as to drive the drive shaft to rotate, a drive sprocket is arranged on the outer wall of the drive shaft, a driven shaft is arranged in the retightening cavity, a torque sprocket positioned in the transmission cavity is arranged on the outer wall of the driven shaft, a chain is arranged between the torque sprocket and the drive sprocket so as to drive the driven shaft to rotate, a one-way bevel gear positioned in the steering cavity is arranged at, the device can drive the judging device to rotate, a slidable tightening shaft is arranged in the tightening cavity, the tightening shaft is connected with the driven shaft in a spline fit mode, a tightening sleeve located outside the device is arranged at the rear end of the tightening shaft, tightening operation can be conducted on the rail bolt, an electromagnetic mechanism for controlling the tightening shaft to slide is arranged in the tightening device, and therefore the working state of the tightening device is controlled.

Preferably, the electromagnetic mechanism includes an electromagnetic groove disposed in the tightening cavity, a sliding plate is rotatably disposed on an outer wall of the tightening shaft, and further the tightening shaft can be driven to slide back and forth, a permanent magnet fixedly connected with the sliding plate is slidably disposed in the electromagnetic groove, an electromagnet capable of driving the permanent magnet to slide back and forth is disposed in a rear wall of the electromagnetic groove, and further the permanent magnet can drive the sliding plate to slide back and forth, and an electromagnetic spring is elastically disposed between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet.

Preferably, the switching mechanism is including locating detect the extension axle of intracavity, extend the axle with carry out power transmission through driving belt between the power distribution axle, the power intracavity is equipped with the camshaft, the camshaft with carry out power transmission through driving belt between the extension axle, and then can drive the camshaft rotates, be equipped with on the camshaft outer wall and be located the cam of power intracavity, be equipped with rotatable switching commentaries on classics piece on the integral key shaft outer wall, and then can drive the integral key shaft slides from top to bottom, switch change the commentaries on classics piece with elasticity is equipped with the top between the power chamber roof and pushes away the spring.

Preferably, the determination device comprises a slow shaft arranged in the detection cavity, a detection bevel gear which is positioned in the steering cavity and is meshed with the one-way bevel gear is arranged on the outer wall of the slow shaft, the detection bevel gear can further drive the slow shaft to rotate, an inner gear ring which is positioned in the detection cavity is arranged at one end of the slow shaft, which is far away from the steering cavity, a high-speed shaft is arranged in the detection cavity, a sun gear is arranged at one end of the high-speed shaft, which is close to the steering cavity, a planetary gear is arranged between the sun gear and the inner gear ring in a transmission manner, the high-speed shaft can be driven to rotate at a high speed, a swing rod is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the high-speed shaft, a counterweight ball is arranged at one end of the swing rod, which is far away from the high-speed shaft, a rotatable rotating block is arranged, the outer wall of the extension shaft is provided with a ratchet wheel capable of limiting the extension shaft to rotate, the outer wall of the rotating block is provided with a rotatable sliding rod, a reset spring is elastically arranged between the sliding rod and one side wall of the detection cavity far away from the steering cavity, and the rear end of the sliding rod is provided with a pawl capable of being in contact fit with the ratchet wheel so as to limit the rotation of the ratchet wheel.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and convenient maintenance, can detect the rail fixing bolts at a plurality of positions, automatically perform re-tightening operation on the loosened bolts, can detect the torque of the rail fixing bolts according to a set standard, has stable re-tightening effect, improves the detection efficiency, improves the working environment of workers, and reduces the railway maintenance cost, thereby having higher use and popularization values.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a rail stability detecting apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of C-C in FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of D-D in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

For ease of description, the following orientations are defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions described below correspond to the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions in the projection relationship of fig. 1 itself.

The invention relates to a rail stability detection device, which is mainly applied to rail stability detection of a newly-built railway, and the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings of the invention.

The invention relates to a rail stability detection device, which comprises a detection base 13, wherein a power cavity 21 is arranged in the detection base 13, the power cavity 21 is provided with a walking device 102 capable of driving the device to move, so that the working range of the device can be enlarged, five groups of transmission cavities 16 in a rectangular array are symmetrically arranged in the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the power cavity 21, a re-tightening cavity 50 is symmetrically arranged in the rear wall of the transmission cavity 16 from top to bottom, a re-tightening device 103 capable of fastening bolts for fixing a rail is arranged in the re-tightening cavity 50, so that stable operation can be carried out on the rail of a railway, a left-right symmetric steering cavity 43 is arranged in the front wall of the transmission cavity 16, a detection cavity 70 is arranged in the top wall of the steering cavity 43, a judgment device 105 capable of detecting the rail fixing effect is arranged in the detection cavity 70, so that the influence on the overall stability of the, the power cavity 21 is internally provided with a power system 101 capable of driving the equipment to continuously work, and the power cavity 21 is internally provided with a switching mechanism 104 capable of switching the power transmission direction generated by the power system 101, so that the working state of the equipment can be switched.

According to an embodiment, the power system 101 is described in detail below, the power system 101 includes a power machine 20 disposed in a bottom wall of the power cavity 21, a power shaft 28 is arranged in the power cavity 21, the bottom end of the power shaft 28 is in power connection with the power machine 20, a spline shaft 26 is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the spline shaft 26, wherein, the spline shaft 26 is connected with the power shaft 28 in a spline fit way, the outer wall of the spline shaft 26 is provided with a driving gear 24, wherein, a transmission shaft 19 is arranged in the rightmost transmission cavity 16, a transmission gear 34 which is positioned in the power cavity 21 and can be meshed with the driving gear 24 is arranged on the outer wall of the transmission shaft 19, thereby driving the transmission shaft 19 to rotate, the upper and lower ends of the transmission gear 34 are symmetrically provided with a transmission bevel gear 35 positioned in the transmission cavity 16, the power generated by the power system 101 can be transmitted into the tightening device 103.

Advantageously, the power machine 20 can be an electric or hydraulic motor for driving the power shaft 28 in rotation.

According to the embodiment, the following detailed description is provided for the traveling device 102, the traveling device 102 includes a traveling shaft 12 disposed in the power cavity 21 in a bilateral symmetry manner, traveling wheels 11 disposed outside the device are disposed at upper and lower ends of the traveling shaft 12 in a symmetry manner, so as to drive the device to travel along a rail, and further to change a working range excessively, a driven pulley 14 disposed in the traveling shaft 12 is disposed on an outer wall of the traveling shaft 12, a rotational shaft 23 disposed in the power cavity 21 in a bilateral symmetry manner, a driving pulley 22 is disposed on the rotational shaft 23, a traveling belt 15 is disposed between the driving pulley 22 and the driven pulley 14, so as to drive the traveling shaft 12 to rotate, a driven gear 25 engaged with the driving gear 24 is disposed at a bottom end of the rotational shaft 23, so as to drive the rotational shaft 23 to rotate, wherein a transmission gear 33 is disposed between the driven gear 25 on the right side and the driving gear 24, the transmission gear 33 is disposed on an outer wall of the transmission shaft 19.

According to the embodiment, the tightening device 103 is described in detail below, the tightening device 103 includes a power distribution shaft 18 disposed in the transmission cavity 16, a transmission bevel gear 36 engaged with the transmission bevel gear 35 is disposed on an outer wall of the power distribution shaft 18 to drive the power distribution shaft 18 to rotate, a drive bevel gear 37 disposed in the transmission cavity 16 is disposed on an outer wall of the power distribution shaft 18, a drive shaft 39 is disposed in the transmission cavity 16, a driven bevel gear 38 engaged with the drive bevel gear 37 is disposed at a front end of the drive shaft 39 to drive the drive shaft 39 to rotate, a drive sprocket 40 is disposed on an outer wall of the drive shaft 39, a driven shaft 42 is disposed in the tightening cavity 50, a torque sprocket 41 disposed in the transmission cavity 16 is disposed on an outer wall of the driven shaft 42, and a chain 17 is disposed between the torque sprocket 41 and the drive sprocket 40, the driven shaft 42 can be driven to rotate, the front end of the driven shaft 42 is provided with a one-way bevel gear 46 positioned in the steering cavity 43 and can drive the judging device 105 to rotate, a slidable tightening shaft 48 is arranged in the tightening cavity 50, the tightening shaft 48 is connected with the driven shaft 42 in a spline fit manner, the rear end of the tightening shaft 48 is provided with a tightening sleeve 51 positioned outside equipment, and then the tightening operation of the rail bolt can be performed, wherein an electromagnetic mechanism 1031 for controlling the tightening shaft 48 to slide is arranged in the tightening device 103, and further the working state of the tightening device 103 is controlled.

According to an embodiment, the electromagnetic mechanism 1031 is described in detail below, the electromagnetic mechanism 1031 includes an electromagnetic slot 52 disposed in the tightening chamber 50, a sliding plate 47 is rotatably disposed on an outer wall of the tightening shaft 48 to drive the tightening shaft 48 to slide back and forth, a permanent magnet 49 slidably disposed in the electromagnetic slot 52 and fixedly connected to the sliding plate 47, an electromagnet 53 disposed in a rear wall of the electromagnetic slot 52 and capable of driving the permanent magnet 49 to slide back and forth is further capable of driving the sliding plate 47 to slide back and forth by the permanent magnet 49, and an electromagnetic spring 69 is elastically disposed between the electromagnet 53 and the permanent magnet 49.

According to an embodiment, the switching mechanism 104 is described in detail below, the switching mechanism 104 includes an extension shaft 58 disposed in the detection chamber 70, power transmission is performed between the extension shaft 58 and the power distribution shaft 18 through a transmission belt 54, a cam shaft 31 is disposed in the power chamber 21, power transmission is performed between the cam shaft 31 and the extension shaft 58 through a power belt 30, so that the cam shaft 31 can be driven to rotate, a cam 32 located in the power chamber 21 is disposed on an outer wall of the cam shaft 31, a rotatable switching rotating block 29 is disposed on an outer wall of the spline shaft 26, so that the spline shaft 26 can be driven to slide up and down, and a pushing spring 27 is elastically disposed between the switching rotating block 29 and a top wall of the power chamber 21.

According to the embodiment, the determining device 105 will be described in detail below, the determining device 105 includes a slow shaft 45 disposed in the detecting chamber 70, a detecting bevel gear 44 disposed in the steering chamber 43 and engaged with the one-way bevel gear 46 is disposed on an outer wall of the slow shaft 45, so as to drive the slow shaft 45 to rotate, an inner gear ring 68 disposed in the detecting chamber 70 is disposed at an end of the slow shaft 45 away from the steering chamber 43, a high speed shaft 65 is disposed in the detecting chamber 70, a sun gear 66 is disposed at an end of the high speed shaft 65 close to the steering chamber 43, a planetary gear 67 is disposed between the sun gear 66 and the inner gear ring 68, so as to drive the high speed shaft 65 to rotate at a high speed, a swing rod 64 is rotatably disposed on an outer wall of the high speed shaft 65, a counterweight ball 63 is disposed at an end of the swing rod 64 away from the high speed shaft 65, a rotatable rotating block 60 is disposed on an outer wall, a connecting rod 62 hinged to the swing rod 64 is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the rotating block 60, so that the rotating block 60 can be driven to slide up and down, a ratchet wheel 55 capable of limiting the rotation of the extending shaft 58 is arranged on the outer wall of the extending shaft 58, a rotatable sliding rod 59 is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating block 60, a return spring 61 is elastically arranged between the sliding rod 59 and one side wall of the detection cavity 70 far away from the steering cavity 43, and a pawl 57 capable of being in contact fit with the ratchet wheel 55 is arranged at the rear end of the sliding rod 59, so that the rotation of the ratchet wheel 55 can be limited.

The following describes in detail the use steps of a rail stability detection device according to the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings:

in the initial state, the pawl 57 is disengaged from the ratchet wheel 55, the electromagnet 53 is not electrified, and the driving gear 24 is meshed with the driven gear 25;

when the device is used, the power machine 20 starts to work and drives the driving gear 24 to rotate through the power shaft 28 and the spline shaft 26, and further drives the traveling wheels 11 to rotate through the driven gear 25, the rotating shaft 23, the driving pulley 22, the driven pulley 14 and the traveling shaft 12, and further drives the device to travel, and simultaneously the driving gear 24 drives the cam 32 to rotate through the transmission gear 33, the transmission shaft 19, the transmission bevel gear 35, the transmission bevel gear 36, the power distribution shaft 18, the transmission belt 54, the extension shaft 58, the power belt 30 and the cam shaft 31, and after the device travels a certain distance, the cam 32 drives the driving gear 24 to slide upwards through the switching rotary block 29 and the spline shaft 26, and further the driving gear 24 is meshed with the transmission gear 34, and simultaneously the electromagnet 53 is electrified and drives the tightening shaft 48 to slide backwards through the permanent magnet 49 and the sliding plate 47, and further, meanwhile, the driving gear 24 drives the tightening sleeve 51 to rotate through the transmission gear 34, the transmission shaft 19, the transmission bevel gear 35, the transmission bevel gear 36, the power distribution shaft 18, the driving bevel gear 37, the driven bevel gear 38, the driving shaft 39, the driving sprocket 40, the torque sprocket 41, the driven shaft 42 and the tightening shaft 48 to perform tightening operation, meanwhile, the driven shaft 42 drives the swing rod 64 to rotate around the axis of the high-speed shaft 65 through the one-way bevel gear 46, the detection bevel gear 44, the slow-speed shaft 45, the inner gear 68, the planetary gear 67, the sun gear 66 and the high-speed shaft 65, so that the swing rod 64 rotates to one side close to the sun gear 66, so that the pawl 57 is driven by the connecting rod 62, the rotating block 60 and the sliding rod 59 to slide to one side close to the ratchet 55, so that the pawl 57 is in contact fit with the ratchet 55 to further limit the rotation, the torque of the torque sprocket 41 is too large, the driven shaft 42 stops rotating, the sliding rod 59 slides away from the ratchet 55 under the action of the elastic potential energy of the return spring 61, the pawl 57 is disengaged from the ratchet 55, the extension shaft 58 drives the driving gear 24 to slide downwards through the power belt 30, the cam shaft 31, the cam 32, the switching rotary block 29 and the spline shaft 26, the driving gear 24 is meshed with the driven gear 25, and the device performs the next cycle.

The above description is only an embodiment of the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. The invention discloses a rail stability detection device which comprises a detection base, wherein a power cavity is arranged in the detection base; the power cavity is provided with a walking device capable of driving the equipment to move, five groups of transmission cavities in a rectangular array are symmetrically arranged in the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the power cavity, re-tightening cavities are symmetrically arranged in the rear wall of the transmission cavities from top to bottom, and re-tightening devices capable of fastening bolts for fixing rails are arranged in the re-tightening cavities; the front wall of the transmission cavity is internally provided with steering cavities which are bilaterally symmetrical, the top wall of the steering cavity is internally provided with a detection cavity, and a judgment device capable of detecting the rail fixing effect is arranged in the detection cavity, so that the influence on the overall stability of the rail when a single bolt does not achieve the stabilizing effect can be avoided; a power system capable of driving the equipment to continuously work is arranged in the power cavity, and a switching mechanism capable of switching the power transmission direction generated by the power system is arranged in the power cavity, so that the working state of the equipment can be switched; the power system comprises a power machine arranged in the bottom wall of the power cavity, a power shaft is arranged in the power cavity, and the bottom end of the power shaft is in power connection with the power machine; a spline shaft is arranged on the outer wall of the spline shaft in a sliding manner, wherein the spline shaft is connected with the power shaft in a spline fit manner, a driving gear is arranged on the outer wall of the spline shaft, a transmission shaft is arranged in the right-most transmission cavity, a transmission gear which is positioned in the power cavity and can be meshed with the driving gear is arranged on the outer wall of the transmission shaft, and transmission bevel gears which are positioned in the transmission cavity are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the transmission gear; the power machine can be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor and is used for driving the power shaft to rotate; the walking device comprises walking shafts which are arranged in the power cavity in a bilateral symmetry manner, walking wheels which are positioned outside equipment are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of each walking shaft, driven pulleys which are positioned in the walking shafts are arranged on the outer walls of the walking shafts, bilaterally symmetrical rotating shafts are arranged in the power cavity, driving pulleys are arranged on the rotating shafts, walking belts are arranged between the driving pulleys and the driven pulleys in a transmission manner, and driven gears which are meshed with the driving gears are arranged at the bottom ends of the rotating shafts; a transmission gear is arranged between the driven gear on the right side and the driving gear in a transmission manner, and the transmission gear is arranged on the outer wall of the transmission shaft; the re-tightening device comprises a power distribution shaft arranged in the transmission cavity, a transmission bevel gear meshed with the transmission bevel gear is arranged on the outer wall of the power distribution shaft, a driving bevel gear positioned in the transmission cavity is arranged on the outer wall of the power distribution shaft, a driving shaft is arranged in the transmission cavity, a driven bevel gear meshed with the driving bevel gear is arranged at the front end of the driving shaft, a driving sprocket is arranged on the outer wall of the driving shaft, a driven shaft is arranged in the re-tightening cavity, a torque sprocket positioned in the transmission cavity is arranged on the outer wall of the driven shaft, a chain is arranged between the torque sprocket and the driving sprocket in a transmission manner, and a one-way bevel gear positioned in the steering cavity is arranged; a slidable tightening shaft is arranged in the tightening cavity, the tightening shaft is in matched connection with the driven shaft through a spline, and a tightening sleeve positioned outside the equipment is arranged at the rear end of the tightening shaft; wherein, an electromagnetic mechanism for controlling the sliding of the tightening shaft is arranged in the tightening device; the electromagnetic mechanism comprises an electromagnetic groove arranged in the tightening cavity, and a sliding plate is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the tightening shaft; a permanent magnet fixedly connected with the sliding plate is slidably arranged in the electromagnetic groove, an electromagnet capable of driving the permanent magnet to slide back and forth is arranged in the rear wall of the electromagnetic groove, the sliding plate can be driven to slide back and forth through the permanent magnet, and an electromagnetic spring is elastically arranged between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet; the switching mechanism comprises an extension shaft arranged in the detection cavity, power transmission is carried out between the extension shaft and the power distribution shaft through a transmission belt, a cam shaft is arranged in the power cavity, and power transmission is carried out between the cam shaft and the extension shaft through a power belt; a cam positioned in the power cavity is arranged on the outer wall of the cam shaft, a rotatable switching rotating block is arranged on the outer wall of the spline shaft, and a pushing spring is elastically arranged between the switching rotating block and the top wall of the power cavity; the judging device comprises a slow shaft arranged in the detection cavity, a detection bevel gear which is positioned in the steering cavity and is meshed with the one-way bevel gear is arranged on the outer wall of the slow shaft, an inner gear ring positioned in the detection cavity is arranged at one end of the slow shaft far away from the steering cavity, a high-speed shaft is arranged in the detection cavity, a sun gear is arranged at one end of the high-speed shaft close to the steering cavity, and a planetary gear is arranged between the sun gear and the inner gear ring in a transmission manner; the outer wall of the high-speed shaft is rotatably provided with a swing rod, one end of the swing rod, far away from the high-speed shaft, is provided with a counterweight ball, the outer wall of the high-speed shaft is provided with a rotatable rotating block, the outer wall of the rotating block is rotatably provided with a connecting rod hinged with the swing rod, and the outer wall of the extension shaft is provided with a ratchet wheel; the outer wall of the rotating block is provided with a rotatable sliding rod, a return spring is elastically arranged between the sliding rod and one side wall of the detection cavity far away from the steering cavity, and the rear end of the sliding rod is provided with a pawl which can be in contact fit with the ratchet wheel.