CN110144486A - A kind of preparation method of high-strength high-conductive copper alloy - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of high-strength high-conductive copper alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN110144486A CN110144486A CN201910480071.9A CN201910480071A CN110144486A CN 110144486 A CN110144486 A CN 110144486A CN 201910480071 A CN201910480071 A CN 201910480071A CN 110144486 A CN110144486 A CN 110144486A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of high-strength high-conductive copper alloy, it is to have intensity low according to copper, the high feature of electric conductivity, chromium and zr element are added in the alloy, improve the tissue of alloy and improves mechanical property, the crystallite dimension refinement of the means such as smelting, casting, solid solution, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, cold rolling, ageing treatment, alloy reaches nanoscale, and a large amount of dispersed and tiny the second phase Cr phases and Cu are precipitated5Zr phase simultaneously plays the role of hindering dislocation motion strongly, so that the intensity of copper alloy is greatly improved, conductivity decline is smaller, this preparation method technique is advanced, and it is the advanced method for preparing copper alloy that number is accurate full and accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of high-strength high-conductive copper alloy, belong to smelting non-ferrous metal preparation and application
Technical field.
Background technique
High-strength high-conductive copper alloy is a kind of new structure functional material, have excellent electric conductivity, thermal conductivity and
Mechanical property is widely used in the various fields such as circuit lead frame, high-speed railway contact line, switch contact, copper tool
Have the characteristics that intensity is low, electric conductivity is high, making it, industrially application receives great limitation.
It is smelting, casting, solid solution, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, cold the study found that add suitable chromium and zr element in copper
It rolls, the means such as ageing treatment, the crystallite dimension refinement of copper alloy reaches nanoscale, can improve that alloy grain is coarse, component segregation
Problem；The matrix of alloy can the second tiny phase Cr phase of diffusion-precipitation and Cu after timeliness5Zr phase plays strong resistance to dislocation motion
The effect hindered, so that the intensity of copper alloy is greatly improved, conductivity decline is smaller, currently, passing through large plastometric set work
Skill combines the refined crystalline strengthening for realizing copper alloy and precipitation strength with ageing treatment also in conceptual phase.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the deficiency of background technique, overcome excessive alloying element to the unfavorable shadow of conductivity
Ring, avoid grain coarsening and component segregation serious problems after timeliness, copper alloy is smelting, casting, solid solution, Equal Channel Angular Pressing,
Cold rolling, ageing treatment give full play to the effect of refined crystalline strengthening and precipitation strength, and it is superior high-intensitive high to obtain comprehensive mechanical property
Electrical conductivity copper alloy.
Technical solution
The chemical substance material that the present invention uses are as follows: cathode copper, chromium, copper zirconium intermediate alloy, molybdenum disulfide, dehydrated alcohol,
It is as follows that a combination thereof prepares dosage: being measurement unit with gram, milliliter
Cathode copper: Cu, solid slug, 1482g ± 0.01g
Chromium: Cr, solid slug, 15g ± 0.01g
Copper zirconium intermediate alloy: Cu-Zr, solid slug, 3g ± 0.01g
Molybdenum disulfide: MoS2, solid powder, 1000g ± 0.01g
Dehydrated alcohol: C2H5OH, liquid liquid, 2000mL ± 10mL
The preparation method is as follows:
(1) vacuum casting:
Vacuum casting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace；
1. opening vacuum induction melting furnace, inside metal slice, metallic brush cleaning melting kettle, anhydrous second is recycled
Alcohol carries out internal washing, makes its cleaning；
2. weighing cathode copper 1482g ± 0.01g, melting is added in chromium 15g ± 0.01g, copper zirconium intermediate alloy 3g ± 0.01g
In crucible；
3. closing vacuum induction melting furnace, and closed；
Vacuum pump is opened, extracts furnace air, and pressure in furnace is made to reach 0.1MPa；
4. medium frequency induction heater is opened, 1340 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, heating time 30min of heating temperature, and carry out electromagnetism and stir
It mixes, constant temperature soaking time 30min, at solution；
5. casting
Stop heating after melting, stops vacuumizing；Furnace temperature is set to be down to 1250 DEG C ± 1 DEG C；Open vacuum induction melting furnace；It removes
Remove melting kettle inner melt surface slag；The melt alignment cylinder mold of melting kettle is cast, until pouring completely；
6. demoulding
25 DEG C are cooled to room temperature after casting in air；Casting is taken out in demoulding；
(2) solution treatment
Casting is put into vacuum tube furnace and carries out solution treatment, stove is first heated to 1000 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, then
It opens stove and is put into CuCrZr alloy cast ingot, open vacuum pump, extract furnace air, and pressure in furnace is made to reach -0.1MPa, protect
Warm time 1h；
Casting is immediately placed in water after solid solution, carries out Water Quenching；
It is cleaned with dehydrated alcohol, is dried after cleaning；
(3) the channel pressings processing such as
1. the copper alloy for being dissolved state is processed into having a size of 14.5mm × 14.5mm × 80mm using Wire EDM
Rectangular specimen；
2., with being 90 ° from molding jig interior angle Φ, exterior angle Ψ is 37 ° of progress deformation at room temperature, is used on four-column hydraulic press
MoS2Lubricating grease is lubricant, rate of deformation 0.5mm/s, and rolling pass is 8 passages, deforms not spinning sample per pass；
(4) cold-rolling treatment
Will etc. channel pressings treated copper alloy carry out cold-rolling treatment, cold-rolling treatment number 6 times, total deformation is
90%；
(5) ageing treatment
Will equal channel pressings treated that copper alloy is placed in heat-treatment furnace carries out ageing treatment, aging temp is 420 DEG C,
Constant temperature soaking time is 3h；Then copper alloy is quickly placed into 25 DEG C of water and is quenched, cool time 15min；
(6) it clears up, clean
After the polishing of casting sand paper is removed descale after timeliness, and cleaned with dehydrated alcohol, make positive and negative surface and
End face processing is clean, at high strength copper alloy block；
(7) test, analysis and characterization
Test, analysis and characterization are carried out to the copper alloy pattern of preparation, metallographic structure, mechanical property:
Tensile strength detection is carried out with microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester；
Hardness determination is carried out with Vickers；
With the measurement alloy conductive rate detection of digital conductivity gauge；
Metallographic structure analysis is carried out with scanning electron microscope；
It is analyzed with transmission electron microscope；
Conclusion: the mechanical property of high-strength high-conductive copper alloy are as follows: hardness 218HV；Conductivity 71%IACS；Tension is strong
Spend 715MPa；Yield strength 693MPa；Elongation percentage 11%.
Beneficial effect
There is apparent advance compared with the background technology, the present invention, be according to copper and copper alloy intensity and conductivity, benefit
Copper substrate and solid solution are refined with strong plastic deformation, it is smelting, solid solution, etc. channel pressings processing, cold rolling, timeliness
Processing obtains the nanoscale precipitated phase of Dispersed precipitate on fine grain matrix, has given full play to the work of refined crystalline strengthening and precipitation strength
With improving the intensity of copper alloy, conductivity reduces smaller, keeps the application range of copper alloy more extensive, this preparation method work
Skill is advanced, and it is the advanced method for preparing copper alloy that number is accurate full and accurate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, copper alloy vacuum induction melting state diagram
Fig. 2 waits channel pressings to illustrate state diagram；
Fig. 3 waits transmission electron microscope picture after 5 passage of channel pressings；
Fig. 4 waits transmission electron microscope picture after 8 passage of channel pressings；
Fig. 5, the transmission electron microscope picture after waiting 8 passage ageing treatment of channel pressings；
As shown in the figure, list of numerals is as follows:
1, support, 2, water-cooling system, 3, shaft, 4, sealing floating bearing, 5, inductor, 6, observation window, 7, feeder, 8,
Electrode, 9, bell, 10, melting kettle, 11, temperature measuring equipment, 12, vacuum system, 13, vent valve, the 14, first vacuum valve, 15, expansion
Dissipate pump, the 16, second vacuum valve, 17, ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM charge valve, 18, mechanical pump.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
It is the induction melting state diagram of copper alloy vacuum intermediate-frequency shown in Fig. 1, each portion position, connection relationship are correct, installation jail
Gu.
Vacuum induction melting furnace be it is vertical, the bottom of vacuum induction melting furnace is support 1, and 1 left side of support is equipped with water cooling
System 2,1 top of support are equipped with shaft 3, and the left side of shaft 3 is equipped with sealing floating bearing 4, arrive melting along sealing floating bearing 4
Furnace interior is equipped with inductor 5, electrode 8, is respectively provided with observation window 6 and feeder 7 on bell 9, being arranged right below for feeder 7 is molten
Crucible 10 is refined, bleeding point connects vacuum system 12 on the right of vacuum melting furnace, and 12 top of vacuum system is equipped with temperature measuring equipment 11, deflates
Valve 13, the first vacuum valve 14,12 bottom of vacuum system are equipped with diffusion pump 15, are equipped with the second vacuum valve 16 on the right side of vacuum system 12,
ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM charge valve 17 is connected on the right side of second vacuum valve 16,17 bottom of ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM charge valve connects mechanical pump 18.
Shown in Fig. 2, illustrate state diagram for equal channel pressings, as shown in the figure, is promoted sample in equal channel angle by compression bar
Portion, sample every two angles of cut by equal channel angle at 90 ° of interior angle Φ, 37 ° of exterior angle Ψ, can all be sheared inside sample
Very big cumulative deformation is deformed and obtains, when interior angle Φ=90 °, exterior angle Ψ=37 °, strain can reach 1.1 per pass.
Shown in Fig. 3, for equal 5 passage transmission electron microscope picture of channel pressings, as shown in the figure, alloy becomes through 5 inferior channel pressings
Tissue is divided into many substructures after shape, new microstructure instead of original coarse grain, crystallite dimension is 0.2 μm~
0.8 μm, microstructure is uneven, and part crystal boundary is relatively fuzzy to be difficult to differentiate between.
Shown in Fig. 4, for equal 8 passage transmission electron microscope picture of channel pressings, the tissue shape of alloy after 8 passage as shown in the figure squeezes
Looks, after the deformation of 5 passages, crystal grain is further refined, and crystallite dimension is about 200nm, and structural homogenity further increases
Add, forms a large amount of equiax crystal.
Shown in Fig. 5, to wait transmission electron microscope picture after 8 passage ageing treatment of channel pressings, as shown in the figure, it is evident that closing
The pattern of gold 420 DEG C of timeliness after 8 inferior channel pressings deformations, however it remains not molten phase, tiny precipitated phase disperse point
Extremely strong special reply only occurs on dislocation line and matrix, in alloy and does not find recrystallized structure for cloth.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of preparation method of high-strength high-conductive copper alloy, it is characterised in that:
The chemical substance material that the present invention uses are as follows: cathode copper, chromium, copper zirconium intermediate alloy, molybdenum disulfide, dehydrated alcohol, group
It is as follows to close preparation dosage: being measurement unit with gram, milliliter
Cathode copper: Cu, solid slug, 1482g ± 0.01g
Chromium: Cr, solid slug, 15g ± 0.01g
Copper zirconium intermediate alloy: Cu-Zr, solid slug, 3g ± 0.01g
Molybdenum disulfide: MoS2, solid powder, 1000g ± 0.01g
Dehydrated alcohol: C2H5OH, liquid liquid, 2000mL ± 10mL
The preparation method is as follows:
(1) vacuum casting:
Vacuum casting is carried out in vacuum induction melting furnace；
1. open vacuum induction melting furnace, first with metal slice, metallic brush cleaning melting kettle inside, recycle dehydrated alcohol into
Row internal washing makes its cleaning；
2. melting earthenware is added in weighed cathode copper 1482g ± 0.01g, chromium 15g ± 0.01g, copper zirconium intermediate alloy 3g ± 0.01g
In crucible；
3. closing vacuum induction melting furnace, and closed；
Vacuum pump is opened, extracts furnace air, and pressure in furnace is made to reach 0.1MPa；
4. medium frequency induction heater is opened, 1340 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, heating time 30min of heating temperature, and electromagnetic agitation is carried out, it is permanent
Warm soaking time 30min, at solution；
5. casting
Stop heating after melting, stops vacuumizing；Furnace temperature is set to be down to 1250 DEG C ± 1 DEG C；Open vacuum induction melting furnace；It removes molten
Refine crucible inner melt surface slag；The melt alignment cylinder mold of melting kettle is cast, until pouring completely；
6. demoulding
25 DEG C are cooled to room temperature after casting in air；Casting is taken out in demoulding；
(2) solution treatment
Casting is put into vacuum tube furnace and carries out solution treatment, stove is first heated to 1000 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, is then opened
Stove is put into CuCrZr alloy cast ingot, opens vacuum pump, extracts furnace air, and pressure is made in furnace to reach -0.1MPa, when heat preservation
Between 1h；
Casting is immediately placed in water after solid solution, carries out Water Quenching；
It is cleaned with dehydrated alcohol, is dried after cleaning；
(3) the channel pressings processing such as
1. the copper alloy for being dissolved state is processed into having a size of 14.5mm × 14.5mm × 80mm rectangle using Wire EDM
Sample；
2., with being 90 ° from molding jig interior angle Φ, exterior angle Ψ is 37 ° of progress deformation at room temperature, using MoS on four-column hydraulic press2Profit
Consistent lubricant is lubricant, rate of deformation 0.5mm/s, and rolling pass is 8 passages, deforms not spinning sample per pass；
(4) cold-rolling treatment
Will etc. channel pressings treated copper alloy carry out cold-rolling treatment, cold-rolling treatment number 6 times, total deformation 90%；
(5) ageing treatment
Will equal channel pressings treated that copper alloy is placed in heat-treatment furnace carries out ageing treatment, aging temp is 420 DEG C, constant temperature
Soaking time is 3h；Then copper alloy is quickly placed into 25 DEG C of water and is quenched, cool time 15min；
(6) it clears up, clean
It after the polishing of casting sand paper is removed descale after timeliness, and is cleaned with dehydrated alcohol, makes positive and negative surface and end face
Processing is clean, at high strength copper alloy block；
(7) test, analysis and characterization
Test, analysis and characterization are carried out to the copper alloy pattern of preparation, metallographic structure, mechanical property:
Tensile strength detection is carried out with microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester；
Hardness determination is carried out with Vickers；
With the measurement alloy conductive rate detection of digital conductivity gauge；
Metallographic structure analysis is carried out with scanning electron microscope；
It is analyzed with transmission electron microscope；
Conclusion: the mechanical property of high-strength high-conductive copper alloy are as follows: hardness 218HV；Conductivity 71%IACS；Tensile strength
715MPa；Yield strength 693MPa；Elongation percentage 11%.
2. a kind of preparation method of high-strength high-conductive copper alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Vacuum induction melting furnace be it is vertical, the bottom of vacuum induction melting furnace is support (1), and support (1) left side is equipped with water cooling
System (2), support (1) top are equipped with shaft (3), and the left side of shaft (3) is equipped with sealing floating bearing (4), turn round along sealing
It is equipped with inductor (5), electrode (8) inside bearing (4) to smelting furnace, is respectively provided with observation window (6) and feeder on bell (9)
(7), feeder (7) is arranged right below melting kettle (10), bleeding point connection vacuum system (12) on the right of vacuum melting furnace, very
Empty set unites (12) top equipped with temperature measuring equipment (11), vent valve (13), the first vacuum valve (14), and vacuum system (12) bottom is equipped with
Diffusion pump (15), vacuum system (12) right side are equipped with the second vacuum valve (16), ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM are connected on the right side of the second vacuum valve (16)
Charge valve (17), ELECTROMAGNETIC VACUUM charge valve (17) bottom connect mechanical pump (18).
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111057888A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-24 | 兰州理工大学 | Preparation method of high-strength ultrahigh-conductivity copper alloy contact net lead |
| CN111500891A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-08-07 | 广安圆上园科技有限公司 | High-conductivity copper alloy rotor and preparation method thereof |
| CN112588856A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-02 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of high-performance Cu-Ni-Al alloy plate strip |
| CN113073228A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-06 | 西安西电光电缆有限责任公司 | Conducting rod for vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, processing method of conducting rod and vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber |
| CN114453571A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-10 | 武汉正威新材料科技有限公司 | Ultra-fine grain copper-magnesium alloy and extrusion process and extrusion device thereof |
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| JP2016156057A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2016-09-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Copper alloy sheet for electric-electronic component |
| CN106881373A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-06-23 | 苏州中色华人铜业有限公司 | The shear processing technology of Precipitation enhanced type Cu alloy material |
| CN108220670A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-06-29 | 中北大学 | A kind of Cu-Ni-Si-Mg alloy sheet strips casting-rolling method and casting and rolling installation |
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| CN102108451A (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2011-06-29 | 常州大学 | Preparation method of copper alloys with high strength and high electric conductivity |
| JP2016156057A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2016-09-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Copper alloy sheet for electric-electronic component |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111057888A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-24 | 兰州理工大学 | Preparation method of high-strength ultrahigh-conductivity copper alloy contact net lead |
| CN111500891A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-08-07 | 广安圆上园科技有限公司 | High-conductivity copper alloy rotor and preparation method thereof |
| CN112588856A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-02 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of high-performance Cu-Ni-Al alloy plate strip |
| CN112588856B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-07-22 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of high-performance Cu-Ni-Al alloy plate strip |
| CN113073228A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-06 | 西安西电光电缆有限责任公司 | Conducting rod for vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, processing method of conducting rod and vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber |
| CN114453571A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-10 | 武汉正威新材料科技有限公司 | Ultra-fine grain copper-magnesium alloy and extrusion process and extrusion device thereof |
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| CN110144486B (en) | 2020-11-06 |
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