CN109930017A - A kind of preparation method of high strength copper alloy - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of high strength copper alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109930017A CN109930017A CN201910297394.4A CN201910297394A CN109930017A CN 109930017 A CN109930017 A CN 109930017A CN 201910297394 A CN201910297394 A CN 201910297394A CN 109930017 A CN109930017 A CN 109930017A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of high strength copper alloy, it is to have intensity high according to copper and copper alloy, the excellent feature of electric conductivity, and the case where wearability poor corrosion resistance, aluminium is added in copper alloy, nickel, titanium and lead, so that the lattice of copper alloy is distorted, precipitation strength phase, it is smelting, casting, solid solution, forging, cold rolling, the means such as ageing treatment, improve the intensity of copper alloy, corrosion resistance and wearability, enhance the mechanical property and application range of copper alloy, this preparation method technique is advanced, it is digital accurate full and accurate, it is the advanced method for preparing copper alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of high strength copper alloy, belong to the technology neck of smelting non-ferrous metal preparation and application
Domain.
Background technique
Copper and copper alloy have the characteristics that intensity high heat-conductivity conducting function admirable and easy to process, are widely used in aviation
Space flight, telecommunications, machine-building, defence and military and daily life field；However the corrosion resistance of copper and copper alloy, wearability
And creep resistance is poor, and the industrial application of copper and copper alloy is made to receive great limitation.
The study found that adding nickel, lead, titanium in copper and copper alloy, it can make alloy that distortion of lattice or precipitation strength occur
Phase can improve the corrosion resistance and wearability of copper and copper alloy, this technology is also in scientific research.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to the deficiency of background technique, the addition nickel, lead, titanium in copper alloy, smelting, casting,
The means such as solid solution, forging, cold rolling and timeliness enhance the mechanical property of copper alloy to improve the corrosion resistance and wearability of copper alloy
Energy and use scope.
Technical solution:
The chemical substance material that the present invention uses are as follows: copper, aluminium, nickel, titanium, lead, dehydrated alcohol, a combination thereof prepare dosage such as
Under: it is measurement unit with gram, milliliter
Copper: Cu, solid slug, 1324.5g ± 0.01g
Aluminium: Al, solid slug, 113g ± 0.01g
Nickel: Ni, solid slug, 46g ± 0.01g
Titanium: Ti, solid slug, 15g ± 0.01g
Lead: Pb, solid slug, 1.5g ± 0.01g
Dehydrated alcohol: C2H5OH, liquid liquid, 1000mL ± 10mL
The preparation method is as follows:
(1) vacuum melting
The melting of high strength copper alloy is carried out in vacuum melting furnace, is to vacuumize, and is heated complete under melting state
At；
1. clearing up melting crucible
It inside metal slice, metallic brush cleaning melting crucible, and is cleaned with dehydrated alcohol, makes its cleaning；
2. weighing copper: 1324.5g ± 0.01g, aluminium: 113g ± 0.01g, nickel: 46g ± 0.01g, titanium: 15g ± 0.01g,
Lead: 1.5g ± 0.01g is added in melting crucible；
3. airtight vacuum arc-melting furnace extracts furnace air, pressure in furnace is made to reach 5 × 10-3Pa；
4. opening vacuum melting furnace, begin to warm up, 1340 DEG C ± 1 DEG C of heating temperature, and carries out electromagnetic agitation, constant temperature heat preservation
Time 30min, is fused into melt；
(2) it casts
Stop heating after melting, stops vacuumizing, so that furnace temperature is down to 1200 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, start to cast；
Smelting furnace is opened, the melt in melting crucible casts to quasi-cylindrical water cooling mold, until pouring completely；
(3) it demoulds
25 DEG C are naturally cooled to after casting, and casting is taken out after demoulding；
(4) solution treatment
Casting is placed in heating furnace and carries out solution treatment, solid solubility temperature is 900 DEG C, and solution time heats 2h, when heat preservation
Between 1h；
Casting is immediately placed in 25 DEG C of water after solid solution, carries out Water Quenching；
It is cleaned with dehydrated alcohol, is dried after cleaning；
(5) multiway forging
The casting of solution treatment is subjected to multiway forging, i.e. x-axis is forged, y-axis forging, z-axis forging；Forging times are 9 times；
(6) recrystallization is handled
Casting is placed in annealing furnace after forging and carries out recrystallization annealing processing, 700 DEG C of annealing temperature, soaking time of annealing
40min；
(7) cold-rolling treatment
The casting of annealing is subjected to cold-rolling treatment, cold-rolling treatment number 4 times, total deformation 80%；
(8) ageing treatment
Ageing treatment is carried out after cold-rolling treatment, aging temperature is 300 DEG C, and aging time is 1h；
(9) it cleans
Casting is cleaned with dehydrated alcohol after timeliness, keeps positive and negative surface and end face processing clean, is closed at high-strength copper
Gold bullion body；
(10) test, analysis and characterization
The pattern and mechanical property of high strength copper alloy block are detected, analyzed, characterization；
Fabric analysis is carried out with optical microscopy；
Morphology analysis is carried out with scanning electron microscope；
Discriminating materials analysis is carried out with X-ray diffractometer；
Tensile strength analysis is carried out with microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester；
Hardness analysis is carried out with Vickers；
Alloy conductive rate is measured with digital conductivity gauge；
Corrosion-resistant analysis is carried out with electrochemical corrosion instrument；
Analysis on Wear is carried out with multifunction friction wear testing machine；
Conclusion: high strength copper alloy block hardness reaches 336.3HV, tensile strength 1093MPa, 24.4 Ω cm of conductivity-1, rotten
Lose current density 4 × 10-4A/cm2。
Beneficial effect
There is apparent advance compared with the background technology, the present invention, be to be had intensity high, conductive according to copper and copper alloy
The situation of the excellent feature of heating conduction and abrasion and corrosion resistance difference, adds aluminium in the alloy, nickel, lead, and titanium makes the crystalline substance of copper alloy
Lattice are distorted, precipitation strength phase, smelting, are cast, and are dissolved, and forging, cold rolling, the means of ageing treatment improve copper alloy
Intensity, corrosion resistance and wearability enhance the mechanical property and application range of copper alloy, this preparation method technique is advanced,
It is digital accurate full and accurate, it is to prepare the advanced method of copper alloy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, copper alloy vacuum induction melting state diagram；
Fig. 2, high strength copper alloy metallographic structure figure；
Fig. 3, high strength copper alloy fracture apperance figure；
Fig. 4, high strength copper alloy X-ray diffraction intensity map；
As shown in the figure, list of numerals is as follows:
1, cooling body, 2, electric cabinet, 3, insulation board, 4, radio-frequency induction coil, 5, temperature sounder, 6, melting crucible,
7, temperature display, the 8, first intake valve, 9, vacuum meter, the 10, second intake valve, 11, vacuum melting furnace, 12, observation window, 13,
Vacuum pump, 14, vacuum tube.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
Shown in Fig. 1, for the state diagram of copper alloy vacuum induction melting, each portion position, connection relationship will be firmly installed correctly.
Vacuum melting furnace 11 is in rectangle, and lower middle position is equipped with melting crucible 6 and high frequency sense in vacuum melting furnace 11
Answer coil 4；11 right part of vacuum melting furnace is equipped with electric cabinet 2, and is connected by radio-frequency induction coil 4, insulation board 3 and melting crucible 6
It connects；11 front of vacuum melting furnace is equipped with temperature display 7, and inside is equipped with temperature sounder 5；11 top of vacuum melting furnace is equipped with true
Empty table 9, the first intake valve 8, the second intake valve 10；11 left part of vacuum melting furnace is equipped with observation window 12, vacuum pump 13, vacuum tube
14；11 right part of vacuum melting furnace is equipped with electric cabinet 2, cooling body 1.
It is high strength copper alloy metallographic structure figure, as shown in the figure, after Wetted constructures shown in Fig. 2, it is apparent that
NiAl phase and Ni3Al phase is largely in crystal boundary and transgranular precipitation；Spherical and column is presented, crystallite dimension obviously refines, average crystalline substance
Particle size can play the purpose of refined crystalline strengthening and precipitation strength less than 20 μm, so as to improve the mechanical property of alloy.
It is high strength copper alloy fracture apperance figure shown in Fig. 3, as shown in the figure, in the stretching fracture pattern after ageing treatment,
It is dispersed with various sizes of dimple, a large amount of tiny dimples occurs at tearing edge, there are also part dimple bottoms to be clearly visible
Second phase and field trash are typical ductile rupture features.
It is high strength copper alloy X-ray diffraction intensity map, ordinate is diffracted intensity, and abscissa is diffraction shown in Fig. 4
Angle, as shown in the figure, the alloy being dissolved under state only exist α-Cu phase, and after copper alloy ageing treatment, there are three kinds of differences in map
Precipitated phase be respectively α-Cu, NiAl and Ni3Al phase.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of preparation method of high strength copper alloy, it is characterised in that:
The chemical substance material used are as follows: copper, aluminium, nickel, titanium, lead, dehydrated alcohol, it is as follows that a combination thereof prepares dosage: with gram, milliliter
For measurement unit
Copper: Cu, solid slug, 1324.5g ± 0.01g
Aluminium: Al, solid slug, 113g ± 0.01g
Nickel: Ni, solid slug, 46g ± 0.01g
Titanium: Ti, solid slug, 15g ± 0.01g
Lead: Pb, solid slug, 1.5g ± 0.01g
Dehydrated alcohol: C2H5OH, liquid liquid, 1000mL ± 10mL
The preparation method is as follows:
(1) vacuum melting
The melting of high strength copper alloy is carried out in vacuum melting furnace, is to vacuumize, and is completed under heating melting state；
1. clearing up melting crucible
It inside metal slice, metallic brush cleaning melting crucible, and is cleaned with dehydrated alcohol, makes its cleaning；
2. weighing copper: 1324.5g ± 0.01g, aluminium: 113g ± 0.01g, nickel: 46g ± 0.01g, titanium: 15g ± 0.01g, lead:
1.5g ± 0.01g is added in melting crucible；
3. airtight vacuum arc-melting furnace extracts furnace air, pressure in furnace is made to reach 5 × 10-3Pa；
4. opening vacuum melting furnace, begin to warm up, 1340 DEG C ± 1 DEG C of heating temperature, and carries out electromagnetic agitation, constant temperature soaking time
30min is fused into melt；
(2) it casts
Stop heating after melting, stops vacuumizing, so that furnace temperature is down to 1200 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, start to cast；
Smelting furnace is opened, the melt in melting crucible casts to quasi-cylindrical water cooling mold, until pouring completely；
(3) it demoulds
25 DEG C are naturally cooled to after casting, and casting is taken out after demoulding；
(4) solution treatment
Casting is placed in heating furnace and carries out solution treatment, solid solubility temperature is 900 DEG C, and solution time heats 2h, soaking time 1h；
Casting is immediately placed in 25 DEG C of water after solid solution, carries out Water Quenching；
It is cleaned with dehydrated alcohol, is dried after cleaning；
(5) multiway forging
The casting of solution treatment is subjected to multiway forging, i.e. x-axis is forged, y-axis forging, z-axis forging；Forging times are 9 times；
(6) recrystallization is handled
Casting is placed in annealing furnace after forging and carries out recrystallization annealing processing, 700 DEG C of annealing temperature, soaking time of annealing
40min；
(7) cold-rolling treatment
The casting of annealing is subjected to cold-rolling treatment, cold-rolling treatment number 4 times, total deformation 80%；
(8) ageing treatment
Ageing treatment is carried out after cold-rolling treatment, aging temperature is 300 DEG C, and aging time is 1h；
(9) it cleans
Casting is cleaned with dehydrated alcohol after timeliness, keeps positive and negative surface and end face processing clean, at high strength copper alloy block
Body；
(10) test, analysis and characterization
The pattern and mechanical property of high strength copper alloy block are detected, analyzed, characterization；
Fabric analysis is carried out with optical microscopy；
Morphology analysis is carried out with scanning electron microscope；
Discriminating materials analysis is carried out with X-ray diffractometer；
Tensile strength analysis is carried out with microcomputer controlled electronic universal tester；
Hardness analysis is carried out with Vickers；
Alloy conductive rate is measured with digital conductivity gauge；
Corrosion-resistant analysis is carried out with electrochemical corrosion instrument；
Analysis on Wear is carried out with multifunction friction wear testing machine；
Conclusion: high strength copper alloy block hardness reaches 336.3HV, tensile strength 1093MPa, 24.4 Ω cm of electric conductivity-1, corrosion electricity
Current density 4 × 10-4A/cm2。
2. a kind of preparation method of high strength copper alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Vacuum melting furnace (11) is in rectangle, and vacuum melting furnace (11) interior lower middle position is equipped with melting crucible (6) and high frequency sense
Answer coil (4)；Vacuum melting furnace (11) right part is equipped with electric cabinet (2), and by radio-frequency induction coil (4), insulation board (3) and melts
Refine crucible (6) connection；Vacuum melting furnace (11) front is equipped with temperature display (7), and inside is equipped with temperature sounder (5)；Vacuum
Smelting furnace (11) top is equipped with vacuum meter (9), the first intake valve (8), the second intake valve (10)；Vacuum melting furnace (11) left part is set
There are observation window (12), vacuum pump (13), vacuum tube (14)；Vacuum melting furnace (11) right part is equipped with electric cabinet (2), cooling body
(1)。
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112575218A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-30 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of low-layer fault energy copper alloy plate strip |
| CN112593114A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-02 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of high-performance Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg-Si alloy plate strip |
| CN115341161A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-11-15 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Copper-aluminum alloy target material and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112575218A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-03-30 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of low-layer fault energy copper alloy plate strip |
| CN112593114A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-02 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of high-performance Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg-Si alloy plate strip |
| CN112593114B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-04-05 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of high-performance Cu-Cr-Zr-Mg-Si alloy plate strip |
| CN115341161A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-11-15 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | Copper-aluminum alloy target material and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190625 |