Cylindrical grinding integral tool and adjusting method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining tools, in particular to an external cylindrical grinding integral tool and an adjusting method thereof.
Background
Due to the extremely high hardness of the cubic boron nitride superhard cutter, a special machine tool, a grinding wheel or a tool fixture is needed when the outline dimension is ground. The cubic boron nitride circular cutter belongs to an important branch of a plurality of cubic boron nitride superhard cutters. When grinding round cutters, the technological methods of various manufacturers are greatly different, and the grinding efficiency, the quality and the cost are also greatly different. The traditional circular superhard cutter is ground by adopting more centerless grinding machines and fewer cylindrical grinding machines. When a centerless grinder grinds a circular blade, the adjustment process is troublesome, the precision is difficult to control, and the main defects are low yield and low efficiency. Cylindrical grinding machines are relatively high in efficiency and yield, but cylindrical grinding tools adopted by a plurality of manufacturers have great difference, the main problems are that the tool adjustment precision is difficult to control, the tools with different requirements need to be customized when round cutters with different specifications and sizes are replaced, and the precision is reduced due to the fact that parts are easily abraded. To this end, we propose a solution that can solve the above problems simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides an external cylindrical grinding integral tool and an adjusting method thereof, and can effectively solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes: the cylindrical grinding integral tool comprises a rotary guide mechanism, a base and a combined support, wherein the guide mechanism comprises a guide wheel and a coaxially mounted middle shaft, the base is of a flat plate type structure, a mounting groove is transversely formed in the surface of the base, and the combined support is mounted in the mounting groove in a matched mode;
the combined support comprises an L-shaped main fork, a horizontal arm of the L-shaped main fork is installed inside the installation groove in a matching mode, a vertical arm of the L-shaped main fork is provided with a sliding groove in the vertical direction, a main sliding strip is installed inside the sliding groove in a matching mode, a left small L-shaped strip and a right small L-shaped strip are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the vertical arm of the L-shaped main fork, installation gaps are formed between the left small L-shaped strip and the right small L-shaped strip and the vertical arm of the L-shaped main fork, a left upper hole strip and a right upper straight strip are installed inside the installation gaps in a matching mode, an installation through hole is formed in the upper end of the left upper hole strip, the axis of the installation through hole is perpendicular to the plane where the L-shaped main fork is;
the horizontal arm surface of L shape main fork sets up the vertical bar hole of axis along length direction, the mounting groove sets up the screw hole with the corresponding position in bar hole, the vertical arm and the horizontal arm of the little L in left side shape strip and the little L in right side shape strip all set up the bar hole along length direction, the position that the left and right sides and the little L in left side shape strip of L shape main fork and the horizontal arm bar hole of the little L in right side shape strip correspond sets up the screw hole, the foraminiferous strip in the upper left side and the upper right vertical strip and the little L in left side shape strip and the vertical arm bar hole of the little L in right side shape strip correspond the position and set up the screw hole, the mounting hole lateral wall of foraminiferous strip in the upper left side.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the surface of the middle shaft is provided with external threads, the guide wheel is sleeved outside the middle shaft, and the locking nuts are installed outside the middle shafts on the two sides of the guide wheel in a matched mode, so that the guide wheel is convenient to install quickly, and the axial position of the guide wheel is convenient to adjust.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the base surfaces on two sides of the mounting groove are respectively provided with a strip-shaped positioning hole, and the length direction of the strip-shaped positioning hole is perpendicular to the length direction of the mounting groove.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: the main sliding strip is provided with a strip-shaped hole along the length direction, and a threaded hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the strip-shaped hole, of the vertical arm of the L-shaped main fork.
The invention also provides an adjusting method of the cylindrical grinding integral tool, which comprises the following steps:
s1) mounting a rotation guide mechanism: the two ends of the middle shaft are matched with the tip of a machine tool to drive the rotary guide mechanism to rotate at a low speed, so that the grinding wheel gradually approaches to the guide wheel and is ground with the guide wheel until the surface runout range of the guide wheel is less than 1 wire, and then the grinding wheel is stopped and is far away from the guide wheel;
s2) adjusting the height of the main slide bar: placing the base on the surface of a machine tool, assembling a combined support, adjusting the height of a main sliding strip, wherein the height value of the upper surface of the main sliding strip is the difference value between the height difference between a grinding wheel and a top tip and a machine tool platform and the radius of a tool to be ground, and then fixing the position relation between the main sliding strip and an L-shaped main fork through a bolt;
s3) adjusting the position of the sliding straight bar: adjusting the position relation between the sliding straight strip and the upper left perforated strip until the distance between the sliding straight strip and the upper right straight strip is greater than the axial length of the tool to be ground, and then fixing the position relation between the sliding straight strip and the upper left perforated strip through a bolt;
s4) adjusting the position of the base: moving the base along the length direction of the strip-shaped positioning hole to enable the tool to be ground to be positioned in the middle of the guide wheel, and then arranging a bolt in the strip-shaped positioning hole to fix the position relation between the base and the machine tool;
s5) adjusting the position of the L-shaped main fork: and moving the position of the L-shaped main fork in the mounting groove to enable the tool to be ground to be positioned in the middle of the main sliding strip, and then fixing the position relation between the L-shaped main fork and the base through bolts.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention: before installing the tool to be ground, the height of the upper left perforated strip and the height of the upper right straight strip are adjusted, and the upper right straight strip and the sliding straight strip are ensured to limit the axial motion of the tool to be ground.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the cylindrical grinding integral tool adopts a split design, can meet the requirement of grinding cutters with different specifications by adjusting the position relation of each part, reduces the time for replacing and adjusting the tool, shortens the processing time, simultaneously improves the universality of the tool, reduces the processing cost, controls the left and right direction moving range of the tool to be ground in the minimum range, plays a vital role in grinding stability, and can realize accurate control on the center height of the tool to be ground, thereby ensuring that the roundness of a ground object reaches an ideal degree;
the method for grinding the round superhard cutter by the centerless grinding method has the advantages that the maximum one-time feed is about 10 wires, the yield is about 70%, the maximum one-time feed amount of grinding by the novel process is about 50 wires, the yield is about 95%, and the yield is remarkably improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the invention after clamping a tool to be ground;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the rotary guide mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a base of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the modular support of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an exploded view of the sectional shelf of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 rotary guide mechanism, 101 guide wheel, 102 middle shaft, 2 base, 201 mounting groove, 202 strip-shaped positioning hole, 3 combined bracket, 301L-shaped main fork, 302 left small L-shaped strip, 303 right small L-shaped strip, 304 left upper hole strip, 305 sliding straight strip, 306 right upper straight strip and 307 main sliding strip.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an external cylindrical grinding integral tool comprises a rotary guide mechanism 1, a base 2 and a combined support 3, wherein the guide mechanism 1 comprises a guide wheel 101 and a coaxially mounted middle shaft 102, the base 2 is of a flat plate type structure, a mounting groove 201 is transversely formed in the surface of the base 2, and the combined support 3 is mounted in the mounting groove 201 in a matched mode;
sectional shelf 3 includes L shape main fork 301, the horizontal arm cooperation of L shape main fork 301 is installed inside mounting groove 201, the vertical arm of L shape main fork 301 sets up the sliding tray along vertical direction, sliding tray inside cooperation installation main sliding strip 307, the vertical arm left and right sides of L shape main fork 301 sets up the little L in left side shape strip 302 and the little L in right side shape strip 303 respectively, set up the installation gap between the little L in left side shape strip 302 and the little L in right side shape strip 303 and the vertical arm of L shape main fork 301, the inside cooperation installation of installation gap is left-hand side upper perforated strip 304 and the upper right straight strip 306 respectively, the upper end of upper left perforated strip 304 sets up the mounting hole, the mounting hole axis is perpendicular with L shape main fork 301 place plane, the inside slip straight strip 305 that sets up of mounting hole.
The surface of the middle shaft 102 is provided with external threads, the guide wheel 101 is sleeved outside the middle shaft 102, and locking nuts are installed outside the middle shaft 102 on two sides of the guide wheel 101 in a matched mode, so that the guide wheel 101 can be installed quickly, and the axial position of the guide wheel 101 can be adjusted conveniently.
The surfaces of the base 2 at two sides of the mounting groove 201 are respectively provided with a strip-shaped positioning hole 202, and the length direction of the strip-shaped positioning hole 202 is perpendicular to the length direction of the mounting groove 201.
The horizontal arm surface of L shape main fork 301 sets up the vertical bar hole of axis along length direction, mounting groove 201 sets up the screw hole with the bar hole corresponding position, the vertical arm and the horizontal arm of the little L in left side shape strip 302 and the little L in right side shape strip 303 all set up the bar hole along length direction, the position that the left and right sides and the little L in left side shape strip 302 of L in left side shape and the little L in right side shape strip 303 of L shape main fork 301 correspond sets up the screw hole, upper left side foraminiferous strip 304 and upper right straight strip 306 correspond the position with the little L in left side shape strip 302 and the vertical arm bar hole of the little L in right side shape strip 303 in left side and set up the screw hole, the mounting hole lateral wall of upper left foraminiferous strip 304.
The main sliding bar 307 is provided with a strip-shaped hole along the length direction, and a threaded hole is arranged at the position of the vertical arm of the L-shaped main fork 301 corresponding to the strip-shaped hole of the main sliding bar 307.
The invention also provides an adjusting method of the cylindrical grinding integral tool, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mounting the rotation guide mechanism 1: the two ends of the middle shaft 102 are matched with the tip of a machine tool to drive the rotary guide mechanism 1 to rotate at a low speed, so that the grinding wheel gradually approaches to the guide wheel 101 and is in opposite grinding with the guide wheel 101 until the surface runout range of the guide wheel 101 is smaller than 1 wire, and then the grinding wheel is stopped and is far away from the guide wheel 101;
s2, adjusting the height of the main slide bar 307: placing the base 2 on the surface of a machine tool, assembling the combined support 3, adjusting the height of the main sliding strip 307, wherein the height value of the upper surface of the main sliding strip 307 is the difference value between the height difference between a grinding wheel and a tip and a machine tool platform and the radius of a tool to be ground, and then fixing the position relation between the main sliding strip 307 and the L-shaped main fork 301 through bolts;
s3, adjusting the position of the sliding bar 305: adjusting the position relation between the sliding straight strip 305 and the left upper perforated strip 304 until the distance between the sliding straight strip 305 and the right upper straight strip 306 is larger than the axial length of the tool to be ground, and then fixing the position relation between the sliding straight strip 305 and the left upper perforated strip 304 through bolts;
s4, adjusting the position of the base 2: moving the base 2 along the length direction of the strip-shaped positioning hole 202 to enable a tool to be ground to be positioned in the middle of the guide wheel 101, and then arranging a bolt in the strip-shaped positioning hole 202 to fix the position relation between the base 2 and a machine tool;
s5, adjusting the position of the L-shaped main fork 301: the position of the L-shaped main fork 301 in the mounting groove 201 is moved so that the tool to be ground is in the middle position of the main slide bar 307, and then the positional relationship of the L-shaped main fork 301 and the base 2 is fixed by the bolt.
Before the tool to be ground is installed, the heights of the left upper perforated strip 304 and the right upper straight strip 306 are adjusted, and the right upper straight strip 306 and the sliding straight strip 305 can limit the axial movement of the tool to be ground.
When the rotary guide mechanism 1 is installed, the dial indicator can be used for testing the surface runout degree of the guide wheel 101, and the correction result of the guide wheel 101 is ensured.
Taking the cubic boron nitride superhard circular cutter for grinding RNGN201000S05020 as an example, the cutter has a target diameter of 20 +/-0.025 mm and an axial length of 10mm, and can grind one blade at a time or grind two blades simultaneously.
The height difference between the machine tool grinding wheel, the top and the machine tool platform is 115mm, the height of the upper surface of the main sliding strip 307 is adjusted to be 105mm, the gap between the sliding straight strip 305 and the upper right straight strip 306 is adjusted to be 10.1mm or 20.1mm, and during machining, a wear-resistant piece can be adhered to the contact position of the upper right straight strip 306 and a tool to be ground, so that the wear of the upper right straight strip 306 is reduced.
When the grinding wheel is selected, according to the condition of blank allowance, a coarse grinding wheel is adopted for coarse grinding to about 20.3mm, then a fine grinding wheel is replaced for fine grinding, the maximum deviation of the diameter of batch grinding is not more than 2 filaments, and the yield is 100%.
The invention has the advantages that: the cylindrical grinding integral tool adopts a split design, can meet the requirement of grinding cutters with different specifications by adjusting the position relation of each part, reduces the time for replacing and adjusting the tool, shortens the processing time, simultaneously improves the universality of the tool, reduces the processing cost, controls the left and right direction moving range of the tool to be ground in the minimum range, plays a vital role in grinding stability, and can realize accurate control on the center height of the tool to be ground, thereby ensuring that the roundness of a ground object reaches an ideal degree;
the method for grinding the round superhard cutter by the centerless grinding method has the advantages that the maximum one-time feed is about 10 wires, the yield is about 70%, the maximum one-time feed amount of grinding by the novel process is about 50 wires, the yield is about 95%, and the yield is remarkably improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.