CN110142602B - Bearing retainer press-fitting machine and press-fitting method thereof - Google Patents
Bearing retainer press-fitting machine and press-fitting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110142602B CN110142602B CN201910398138.4A CN201910398138A CN110142602B CN 110142602 B CN110142602 B CN 110142602B CN 201910398138 A CN201910398138 A CN 201910398138A CN 110142602 B CN110142602 B CN 110142602B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
- B23P21/002—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control the units stationary whilst being composed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C43/00—Assembling bearings
- F16C43/04—Assembling rolling-contact bearings
- F16C43/06—Placing rolling bodies in cages or bearings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bearing retainer press-fitting machine and a press-fitting method thereof. The automation degree of the existing bearing retainer pressing machine is low. The invention relates to a bearing retainer pressing machine which comprises an operation platen, a pressing mechanism, a retainer pushing mechanism, a feeding clamping mechanism and a machine base. The pressing mechanism comprises a positioning contact pin, a pressure head, a pressure sensor, a pressing cylinder and a contact pin spring. The retainer pushing mechanism comprises a feeding device seat, a feeding cylinder, a withdrawal spring, a T-shaped locking pin, a feeding bottom plate, a feeding device, a feeding inclined rail and a retainer bin. The loading device is provided with a holding frame accommodating hole. The holder bin which is vertically arranged is fixed with the machine base. The retainer bin is in a circular tube shape which is through from top to bottom. The retainer bin is positioned above the feeder. The retainer bin is internally provided with assembled retainers which are sequentially overlapped along the vertical direction. According to the invention, the press mounting of the bearing retainer can be completed fully automatically by matching the retainer pushing mechanism with the feeding and clamping mechanism.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing, and particularly relates to a bearing retainer press-fitting machine and a press-fitting method thereof.
Background
Bearings are important mechanical basic components, the properties and quality of which determine to some extent the properties and quality of the machine equipment. China is the largest manufacturing country and consumer country of various bearings, but has a large gap compared with foreign technologies and quality levels. At present, in the bearing manufacturing process, turning and grinding automatic lines are commonly used. And the assembly automation line is mostly finished manually due to multiple processes and complex actions. Because the assembly quality of the bearing greatly affects the overall quality of the bearing, the assembly of the bearing is low in efficiency on one hand and inconsistent on the other hand at present, and therefore unit processing methods and devices in an automatic assembly production line of the bearing, such as a bearing inner and outer ring channel measuring machine, a bearing sleeve ball assembling all-in-one machine, a bearing retainer press-fitting machine, a bearing double-face grease injection machine, a bearing double-face capping machine, a bearing assembly clearance on-line measuring machine, a bearing clearance control method and system and the like, are technical problems to be solved urgently.
The bearing retainer press-fitting machine is automatic equipment for press-fitting a rolling bearing retainer, and is characterized in that after the inner ring and the outer ring of a rolling bearing and balls are installed, the balls in the inner ring and the outer ring of the rolling bearing are uniformly distributed along the circumference, and then the balls are pressed into the retainer to be uniformly spaced in a bearing channel. However, the existing bearing retainer press-fitting machine has low automation degree, and the assembly efficiency, the assembly precision and the consistency of the rolling bearing are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bearing retainer press-fitting machine and a press-fitting method thereof.
The invention relates to a bearing retainer pressing machine which comprises an operation platen, a pressing mechanism, a retainer pushing mechanism, a feeding clamping mechanism and a machine base. The operation bedplate is arranged on the machine base. The pressing mechanism is positioned above the operation bedplate. The feeding clamping mechanism is arranged on the machine base.
The pressing mechanism comprises a positioning contact pin, a pressure head, a pressure sensor, a pressing cylinder and a contact pin spring. And the cylinder body of the pressing cylinder is fixed with the base. The piston rod of the pressing cylinder faces to the right lower part. The top of the pressure head is fixed with a piston rod of the downward-pressing cylinder. The bottom of the pressure head is in a ring shape. The bottom of pressure head is seted up along the pressure head central axis's a plurality of contact pin of circumference equipartition and is held the passageway. And pressure sensors are arranged on the inner end faces of the n contact pin accommodating channels. The top ends of the n positioning pins and the n pin accommodating channels respectively form sliding pairs. And the n accommodating channels are internally provided with pin springs. And two ends of the contact pin spring are respectively fixed with the corresponding pressure sensor and the corresponding positioning contact pin.
The retainer pushing mechanism comprises a feeding device seat, a feeding cylinder, a withdrawing spring, a T-shaped locking pin, a feeding bottom plate, a feeder, a feeding inclined rail and a retainer bin. The feeding device seat is fixed with the machine base. The cylinder body of the feeding cylinder is fixed with the feeding device seat. And a piston rod of the feeding cylinder faces the lower part of the pressing mechanism. Two ends of the withdrawal spring are respectively fixed with the cylinder body of the feeding cylinder and the inner end of the feeding bottom plate. The feeding bottom plate is provided with a positioning hole. The inner end of the feeding device is fixed with a piston rod of the feeding cylinder. The loading device is provided with a pin accommodating hole. The pin accommodating holes on the feeding device correspond to the positioning holes on the feeding bottom plate in position. The T-shaped locking pin is composed of a limiting cross rod and a clamping pin body which are integrally formed. The middle part of the limiting cross rod is connected with the top end of the clamping pin body. The clamping pin body is positioned in the pin accommodating hole in the feeder. The feeding inclined rail is fixed on the feeding device seat. The top surface of the feeding inclined rail is obliquely arranged, and the end close to the pressing mechanism is higher than the end far away from the pressing mechanism. And a limiting cross rod on the T-shaped locking pin is contacted with the top surface of the feeding inclined rail. The distance from the inner end of the top surface of the feeding inclined rail to the top surface of the feeding bottom plate is less than the length of the clamping pin body on the T-shaped locking pin. The distance from the outer end of the top surface of the feeding inclined rail to the top surface of the feeding bottom plate is greater than the length of the clamping pin body on the T-shaped locking pin.
The feeder is provided with a holding frame accommodating hole. The holder bin which is vertically arranged is fixed with the machine base. The retainer bin is in a circular tube shape which is through from top to bottom. The retainer bin is positioned above the feeder. The retainer bin is internally provided with assembled retainers which are sequentially overlapped along the vertical direction.
Furthermore, material loading clamping machine construct including guide rail, workstation, slip drive assembly and location clamping components. The guide rail is fixed on the machine base. The workbench and the guide rail form a sliding pair and are driven by a sliding driving component. The positioning and clamping assembly comprises a positioning and clamping block and a clamping cylinder. Two clamping cylinder all fix on the workstation, and the piston rod sets up relatively. The two positioning clamping blocks are respectively fixed with the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders. V-shaped positioning grooves are formed in the opposite side faces of the two positioning clamping blocks. The operating platen is located between the two clamping cylinders. The top surface of the operating bedplate is flush with the bottom surface of the positioning clamping block.
Further, the sliding driving component is a sliding cylinder. The sliding cylinder adopts a double-rod cylinder. The cylinder body of the sliding cylinder is fixed with the bottom of the workbench. Two ends of a piston rod of the sliding cylinder are fixed with the base.
Furthermore, the number of the retainer pushing mechanisms is two, and the two retainer pushing mechanisms are respectively positioned on two sides of the pressing mechanism.
Further, the outer diameter of the bottom of the pressure head is smaller than the inner diameter of the assembled bearing outer ring, and the inner diameter of the pressure head is larger than the outer diameter of the assembled bearing inner ring.
Furthermore, the diameter of the retainer accommodating hole is equal to 1-1.1 times of the outer diameter of the assembled retainer, and the height of the retainer accommodating hole is smaller than the thickness of the assembled retainer. The distance from the bottom end of the retainer bin to the top surface of the feeder is smaller than the thickness of the assembled retainer.
Further, in the initial state, the holding hole of the retainer on the feeder is aligned with the bottom end of the storage bin of the retainer, and the bottom end of the T-shaped locking pin extends into the positioning hole on the feeding bottom plate. And under the condition that the holding frame accommodating hole on the feeder moves to the position right below the pressure head, the distance between the limiting cross rod on the T-shaped locking pin and the feeding bottom plate is equal to the length of the clamping pin body on the T-shaped locking pin.
The press-fitting method of the bearing retainer press-fitting machine comprises the following specific steps:
step one, placing an outer ring, an inner ring and balls of a bearing assembled together on an operation platen, and clamping the outer ring of the assembled bearing by a feeding and clamping mechanism.
And step two, the feeding and clamping mechanism drives the assembled bearing inner ring, the assembled bearing outer ring and the assembled bearing ball to move to the position right below the pressure head.
And step three, pushing the air cylinder downwards to enable the pressure head to move downwards, so that n positioning contact pins uniformly distributed on the pressure head are inserted into the interval between the inner ring and the outer ring of the assembled bearing, and the n randomly distributed balls are uniformly separated.
And step four, retracting the pressing cylinder, and enabling the pressing head to move upwards, so that the positioning contact pin is higher than the top surface of the material loading device.
And step five, pushing out the feeding cylinder in the retainer pushing mechanism to enable the feeder and the feeding bottom plate to move towards the assembled bearing, enabling the T-shaped locking pin to move obliquely upwards under the guide of the feeding inclined rail, separating the T-shaped locking pin from a positioning hole in the feeding bottom plate when the retainer on the feeder reaches the position right above the assembled bearing, and resetting the feeding bottom plate under the action of the pulling force of the withdrawing spring. The retainer on the loading device falls down to the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring of the assembled bearing.
And step six, the feeding cylinder retracts to reset, the T-shaped locking pin extends into the positioning hole in the feeding bottom plate again, and the retainer at the bottommost part of the retainer bin enters the retainer accommodating hole of the feeder.
And step seven, pushing the cylinder downwards to move the pressure head downwards, and completely pressing the retainer into the assembled bearing.
And step eight, resetting the pressing cylinder, and loosening the assembled bearing by the feeding clamping mechanism. And the worker takes down the assembled bearing which completes the assembly of the inner ring, the outer ring, the ball and the retainer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the retainer pushing mechanism and the feeding and clamping mechanism are matched, so that the bearing retainer can be fully automatically pressed, and the precision and consistency of bearing assembly are effectively ensured.
2. The pressing mechanism in the invention realizes two functions through one power source. Firstly, the positioning pins on the pressure head are used for uniformly distributing the balls in the bearing channel; and the second is that the pressure head is used for pressing the retainer. The displacement strokes of the two functions are judged through the pressure sensor, and the mechanical structure for press mounting of the retainer is greatly simplified.
3. The retainer pushing mechanism has an automatic feeding function, and the T-shaped locking pin, the feeder, the feeding bottom plate and the feeding inclined rail are organically combined; the three actions of synchronous pushing of the feeding device and the feeding bottom plate, withdrawing of the feeding bottom plate and resetting of the feeding device are sequentially realized by one power source, and the technical effect of continuously conveying the retainer is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a first assembled view of the T-shaped locking pin, the loading base plate, the loader and the loading ramp of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second assembled view of the T-shaped locking pins, the loading floor, the loader and the loading ramp of the present invention (section A-A in FIG. 1).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a bearing retainer press-fitting machine comprises an operation platen 1, a pressing mechanism, a retainer pushing mechanism, a feeding and clamping mechanism, a machine base 5 and a controller. The operating bedplate 1 is fixed on the machine base. The pressing mechanism is located right above the operation platen 1. The two retainer pushing mechanisms are respectively positioned at two sides of the pressing mechanism.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the feeding clamping mechanism comprises a guide rail 2-1, a workbench 2-6, a sliding driving assembly and a positioning and clamping assembly. Two guide rails 2-1 which are horizontally arranged are fixed on the machine base 5. The length direction of the guide rail 2-1 is parallel to the arrangement direction of the ball loading module and the retainer pressing-in module. The two ends of the bottom surface of the working platform 2-6 are both fixed with a guide rail seat 2-2. The two guide rail seats 2-2 and the two guide rails 2-1 respectively form a sliding pair. The sliding driving component is a sliding cylinder 2-3. The sliding cylinder 2-3 adopts a double-rod cylinder. The cylinder body of the sliding cylinder is fixed with the bottom of the working table 2-6. Two ends of a piston rod of the sliding cylinder are fixed with the base 5, so that the horizontal transverse movement driving of the work is realized. The working table 2-6 is driven by the sliding driving component and has two working positions. The two stations are divided into a feeding station and a press-fitting station. During the material loading station, the workstation is not in the below of pushing down the mechanism, and the staff can conveniently place or take off by the assembled bearing. When the retainer is pressed and assembled at a station, the workbench is arranged below the pressing mechanism, and the pressing mechanism is matched with the retainer pushing mechanism to complete the pressing and assembling of the retainer. The limiting specific positioning of the workbench at two stations is realized through a limiting switch.
The positioning and clamping assembly comprises a positioning and clamping block 2-4 and a clamping cylinder 2-5. The two clamping cylinders 2-5 are respectively fixed at two ends of the top surface of the workbench 2-6, and the piston rods are oppositely arranged. The two positioning clamping blocks 2-4 are respectively fixed with the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders 2-5. The opposite side surfaces of the two positioning clamping blocks 2-4 are provided with V-shaped positioning grooves. The operating table 1 is located between two clamping cylinders 2-5. The top surface of the operating bedplate 1 is flush with the bottom surfaces of the positioning and clamping blocks 2 to 4. When the bearing outer ring is placed on the operation bedplate 1 and positioned between the two positioning clamping blocks 2-4, the two clamping cylinders 2-5 are synchronously pushed out, and clamping and positioning of the bearing outer ring can be completed.
As shown in figure 1, the pressing mechanism comprises a positioning contact pin 3-1, a pressure head 3-2, a pressure sensor 3-3, a pressing cylinder 3-4 and a contact pin spring 3-5. A top plate 7 is fixed on the machine base 5. The top plate 7 is located directly above the operation table 1. The cylinder body of the lower air cylinder 3-4 is fixed with the bottom surface of the top plate 7. The piston rods of the press-down cylinders 3-4 face the operating platen 1 directly below. The top of the pressure head 3-2 is fixed with a piston rod of the lower pressure cylinder 3-4. The central axis of the pressure head 3-2 is positioned on the symmetrical plane of the two positioning and clamping blocks 2-4. The bottom of the pressure head 3-2 is circular. The outer diameter of the bottom of the pressure head 3-2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring of the assembled bearing 6, and the inner diameter of the bottom of the pressure head is larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring of the assembled bearing 6, so that the bottom of the pressure head 3-2 can enter between the outer ring and the inner ring of the assembled bearing 6, and the retainer is pressed in.
The bottom of the pressure head 3-2 is provided with n contact pin accommodating channels which are vertically arranged and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the pressure head 3-2. n is the number of balls in the assembled bearing. And the inner end surfaces of the n contact pin accommodating channels are respectively provided with a pressure sensor 3-3. The top ends of the n positioning pins 3-1 and the n pin accommodating channels respectively form sliding pairs. And the n accommodating channels are internally provided with pin springs 3-5. Two ends of the pin spring 3-5 are respectively fixed with the corresponding pressure sensor 3-3 and the positioning pin 3-1. The pressure sensor 3-3 can detect the pressure of the pin spring 3-5 to the pressure sensor, so that the compression amount of the pin spring 3-5 and the position of the pressure head 3-2 are judged.
The retainer pushing mechanism comprises a feeding device seat 4-1, a feeding cylinder 4-2, a retraction spring 4-3, a T-shaped locking pin 4-4, a feeding bottom plate 4-5, a feeder 4-6, a feeding inclined rail 4-7 and a retainer bin 4-8. The feeding device seat 4-1 is fixed with the machine seat 5. The cylinder body of the feeding cylinder 4-2 is fixed with the feeding device seat 4-1. The piston rod of the feeding cylinder 4-2 faces the pressing mechanism. The feeding bottom plate 4-5 and the feeding device seat 4-1 form a sliding pair which slides along the horizontal direction. Two ends of the retraction spring 4-3 are respectively fixed with the inner ends of the cylinder body of the feeding cylinder 4-2 and the feeding bottom plate 4-5. The feeding bottom plate 4-5 is provided with a positioning hole. The inner end of the loading device 4-6 is fixed with the piston rod of the loading cylinder 4-2. The bottom surface of the loading device 4-6 is contacted with the top surface of the loading bottom plate 4-5. The loader 4-6 is provided with a pin accommodating hole. The pin receiving holes on the loading device 4-6 are aligned with the positioning holes on the loading bottom plate 4-5 along the pushing direction of the loading cylinder 4-2. The T-shaped locking pin 4-4 is composed of a limiting cross rod and a clamping pin body which are integrally formed. The middle part of the limiting cross rod is connected with the top end of the clamping pin body. The clamping pin body is positioned in the pin accommodating hole in the feeder 4-6. The cross sections of the pin accommodating holes on the feeding device 4-6, the positioning holes on the feeding bottom plate 4-5 and the clamping pin bodies are rectangular and correspond to each other in shape.
As shown in figures 1, 3 and 4, two feeding side plates 4-9 are fixed with a feeding device seat 4-1 and are respectively positioned at two sides of a feeder 4-6. The two feeding inclined rails 4-7 are respectively fixed with the opposite side surfaces of the two feeding side plates 4-9. The top surfaces of the two feeding inclined rails 4-7 are obliquely arranged, and the end close to the pressing mechanism is higher than the end far away from the pressing mechanism. Two ends of the limiting cross rod on the T-shaped locking pin 4-4 are respectively contacted with the top surfaces of the two feeding inclined rails 4-7. The distance from the inner end of the top surface of the feeding inclined rail 4-7 to the top surface of the feeding bottom plate 4-5 is less than the length of the clamping pin body on the T-shaped locking pin 4-4. The distance from the outer end of the top surface of the feeding inclined rail 4-7 to the top surface of the feeding bottom plate 4-5 is larger than the length of the clamping pin body on the T-shaped locking pin 4-4. Therefore, when the T-shaped locking pin 4-4 is positioned at the inner end of the feeding inclined rail 4-7, the bottom end of the T-shaped locking pin 4-4 can extend into the positioning hole of the feeding bottom plate 4-5, so that the feeding bottom plate 4-5 and the feeder 4-6 are fixedly connected together and move synchronously. When the T-shaped locking pin 4-4 is positioned at the outer end of the feeding inclined rail 4-7, the bottom end of the T-shaped locking pin 4-4 is separated from the positioning hole of the feeding bottom plate 4-5, so that the feeding bottom plate 4-5 is separated from the feeder 4-6, and the feeding bottom plate 4-5 is reset under the action of the retraction spring 4-3.
The loading device 4-6 is provided with a holding frame containing hole which runs through the loading device. The diameter of the retainer accommodating hole is equal to 1-1.1 times of the outer diameter of the assembled retainer, and the height of the retainer accommodating hole is smaller than the thickness of the assembled retainer. The vertically arranged retainer bins 4-8 are fixed with the top plate on the machine base 5. The retainer bin 4-8 is in a circular tube shape which is through from top to bottom. The retainer bin 4-8 is positioned above the loader 4-6. The retainer bins 4-8 are filled with assembled retainers which are stacked in sequence in the vertical direction. The distance from the bottom end of the retainer bin 4-8 to the top surface of the feeder 4-6 is smaller than the thickness of the assembled retainer.
In the initial state, the holding hole of the holding frame on the feeder 4-6 is aligned with the bottom end of the holding frame bin 4-8, and the bottom end of the T-shaped locking pin 4-4 extends into the positioning hole on the feeding bottom plate 4-5.
When the holding frame accommodating hole on the feeder 4-6 moves to the state right below the pressure head 3-2, the distance between the limiting cross rod on the T-shaped locking pin 4-4 and the feeding bottom plate 4-5 is equal to the length of the clamping pin body on the T-shaped locking pin 4-4, so that the feeding bottom plate 4-5 is separated from the feeder 4-6.
The controller adopts PLC. The pressing cylinder 3-4, the feeding cylinder 4-2, the sliding cylinder 2-3 and the clamping cylinder 2-5 are all connected with an air pump through electromagnetic directional valves. The two feeding air cylinders 4-2 are connected with two different electromagnetic directional valves. The two clamping cylinders 2-5 are connected with the same electromagnetic directional valve to realize synchronous movement. The control interfaces of the electromagnetic directional valves are connected with a controller. And the pressure signal output interface of each pressure sensor is connected with the pressure signal input interface of the controller. And the signal output interface of each limit switch is connected with the controller.
The press-fitting method of the bearing retainer press-fitting machine comprises the following specific steps:
step one, the workbench reaches a feeding station under the driving of the sliding cylinder 2-3. A worker places the assembled bearing outer ring, the assembled bearing inner ring and the assembled ball on the operation bedplate 1, and the two clamping cylinders 2-5 are synchronously pushed out, so that the two positioning and clamping blocks 2-4 position and clamp the assembled bearing outer ring.
And step two, the workbench reaches a press-fitting station under the driving of the sliding cylinders 2-3. At this time, the inner ring, the outer ring, and the balls of the assembled bearing 6 move to a position directly below the ram 3-2.
And step three, pushing the air cylinder 3-4 downwards to enable the pressure head 3-2 to move downwards until the pressure detected by the n pressure sensors 3-3 reaches a first threshold value (the first threshold value reflects that the pin spring 3-5 is compressed, which indicates that the positioning pin 3-1 is in contact with the operation bedplate 1), so that the n positioning pins 3-1 uniformly distributed on the pressure head 3-2 are inserted into the interval between the inner ring and the outer ring of the assembled bearing 6, and the n randomly distributed balls are uniformly separated (namely one positioning pin 3-1 is arranged between every two adjacent balls).
And step four, retracting the lower pressing cylinder 3-4, and moving the pressing head 3-2 upwards to enable the positioning contact pin 3-1 to be higher than the top surface of the loader 4-6.
And step five, pushing out the feeding cylinder 4-2 in one retainer pushing mechanism to enable the feeder 4-6 and the feeding bottom plate 4-5 to move towards the assembled bearing 6, enabling the T-shaped locking pin 4-4 to move obliquely upwards under the guide of the feeding inclined rail 4-7, separating the T-shaped locking pin 4-4 from a positioning hole in the feeding bottom plate 4-5 when the retainer on the feeder 4-6 reaches the position right above the assembled bearing 6, and resetting the feeding bottom plate 4-5 under the action of the pulling force of the withdrawing spring 4-3. The retainer on the loader 4-6 falls down to the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring of the assembled bearing.
And step six, the feeding cylinder 4-2 pushed out in the step five retracts and resets, the T-shaped locking pin 4-4 extends into the positioning hole in the feeding bottom plate 4-5 again, and the retainer positioned at the bottommost part of the retainer bin 4-8 enters the retainer accommodating hole of the feeder 4-6.
And seventhly, pushing the air cylinder 3-4 downwards to enable the pressure head 3-2 to move downwards until the pressure detected by the n pressure sensors 3-3 reaches a second threshold value, and at the moment, completely pressing the retainer into the assembled bearing 6 by the pressure head 3-2.
And step eight, the lower air cylinder 3-4 is reset, and the workbench reaches a feeding station under the driving of the sliding air cylinder 2-3.
And step nine, synchronously retracting the two clamping cylinders 2-5, so that the two positioning clamping blocks 2-4 release the assembled bearing 6. The worker takes down the assembled bearing 6 that completes the assembly of the inner race, the outer race, the balls, and the cage.
Claims (8)
1. A bearing retainer press-mounting machine comprises an operation platen, a pressing mechanism, a retainer pushing mechanism, a feeding clamping mechanism and a machine base; the method is characterized in that: the operation bedplate is arranged on the machine base; the pressing mechanism is positioned above the operation bedplate; the feeding clamping mechanism is arranged on the base;
the pressing mechanism comprises a positioning contact pin, a pressure head, a pressure sensor, a pressing cylinder and a contact pin spring; the cylinder body of the pressing cylinder is fixed with the base; a piston rod of the downward pressing cylinder faces to the right lower part; the top of the pressure head is fixed with a piston rod of the downward-pressing cylinder; the bottom of the pressure head is circular; the bottom of the pressure head is provided with n contact pin accommodating channels which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the central axis of the pressure head; pressure sensors are arranged on the inner end faces of the n contact pin accommodating channels; the top ends of the n positioning contact pins and the n contact pin accommodating channels respectively form sliding pairs; the n accommodating channels are internally provided with a contact pin spring; two ends of the contact pin spring are respectively fixed with the corresponding pressure sensor and the corresponding positioning contact pin;
the retainer pushing mechanism comprises a feeding device seat, a feeding cylinder, a withdrawal spring, a T-shaped locking pin, a feeding bottom plate, a feeder, a feeding inclined rail and a retainer bin; the feeding device seat is fixed with the base; the cylinder body of the feeding cylinder is fixed with the feeding device seat; a piston rod of the feeding cylinder faces the lower part of the pressing mechanism; two ends of the withdrawal spring are respectively fixed with the cylinder body of the feeding cylinder and the inner end of the feeding bottom plate; the feeding bottom plate is provided with a positioning hole; the inner end of the feeding device is fixed with a piston rod of the feeding cylinder; the loading device is provided with a pin accommodating hole; the pin accommodating holes on the feeding device correspond to the positioning holes on the feeding bottom plate in position; the T-shaped locking pin consists of a limiting cross rod and a clamping pin body which are integrally formed; the middle part of the limiting cross rod is connected with the top end of the clamping pin body; the clamping pin body is positioned in the pin accommodating hole in the feeder; the feeding inclined rail is fixed on the feeding device seat; the top surface of the feeding inclined rail is obliquely arranged, and the end close to the pressing mechanism is higher than the end far away from the pressing mechanism; a limiting cross rod on the T-shaped locking pin is contacted with the top surface of the feeding inclined rail; the distance from the inner end of the top surface of the feeding inclined rail to the top surface of the feeding bottom plate is less than the length of the clamping pin body on the T-shaped locking pin; the distance from the outer end of the top surface of the feeding inclined rail to the top surface of the feeding bottom plate is greater than the length of the clamping pin body on the T-shaped locking pin;
the feeder is provided with a holding frame accommodating hole; the vertically arranged retainer bin is fixed with the base; the retainer bin is in a circular tube shape which is through from top to bottom; the retainer bin is positioned above the feeder; the retainer bin is internally provided with assembled retainers which are sequentially overlapped along the vertical direction.
2. The bearing holder press-fitting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the feeding clamping mechanism comprises a guide rail, a workbench, a sliding driving assembly and a positioning and clamping assembly; the guide rail is fixed on the base; the workbench and the guide rail form a sliding pair and are driven by a sliding driving component; the positioning and clamping assembly comprises a positioning and clamping block and a clamping cylinder; the two clamping cylinders are fixed on the workbench, and the piston rods are arranged oppositely; the two positioning clamping blocks are respectively fixed with piston rods of the two clamping cylinders; the opposite side surfaces of the two positioning clamping blocks are respectively provided with a V-shaped positioning groove; the operation bedplate is positioned between the two clamping cylinders; the top surface of the operating bedplate is flush with the bottom surface of the positioning clamping block.
3. The bearing holder press-fitting machine according to claim 2, wherein: the sliding driving component is a sliding cylinder; the sliding cylinder adopts a double-rod cylinder; the cylinder body of the sliding cylinder is fixed with the bottom of the workbench; two ends of a piston rod of the sliding cylinder are fixed with the base.
4. The bearing holder press-fitting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the two retainer pushing mechanisms are respectively positioned at two sides of the pressing mechanism.
5. The bearing holder press-fitting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the bottom of the pressure head is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer ring of the assembled bearing, and the inner diameter of the bottom of the pressure head is larger than the outer diameter of the inner ring of the assembled bearing.
6. The bearing holder press-fitting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the retainer accommodating hole is equal to 1-1.1 times of the outer diameter of the assembled retainer, and the height of the retainer accommodating hole is smaller than the thickness of the assembled retainer; the distance from the bottom end of the retainer bin to the top surface of the feeder is smaller than the thickness of the assembled retainer.
7. The bearing holder press-fitting machine according to claim 1, wherein: in an initial state, a holding frame accommodating hole on the feeder is aligned with the bottom end of a holding frame storage bin, and the bottom end of a T-shaped locking pin extends into a positioning hole on the feeding bottom plate; and under the condition that the holding frame accommodating hole on the feeder moves to the position right below the pressure head, the distance between the limiting cross rod on the T-shaped locking pin and the feeding bottom plate is equal to the length of the clamping pin body on the T-shaped locking pin.
8. A press-fitting method of a bearing holder press-fitting machine according to claim 1, wherein: placing an outer ring, an inner ring and balls of a bearing assembled together on an operation platen, and clamping the outer ring of the assembled bearing by a feeding and clamping mechanism;
secondly, the feeding and clamping mechanism drives the assembled bearing inner ring, the assembled bearing outer ring and the assembled bearing ball to move to the position right below the pressure head;
pushing out by a pressing cylinder to enable a pressure head to move downwards, inserting n positioning contact pins uniformly distributed on the pressure head into the space between the inner ring and the outer ring of the assembled bearing, and uniformly separating n balls which are randomly distributed originally;
step four, the lower pressing cylinder retracts, and the pressing head moves upwards to enable the positioning contact pin to be higher than the top surface of the material loading device;
pushing out a feeding cylinder in the retainer pushing mechanism to enable the feeder and the feeding bottom plate to move towards the assembled bearing, wherein the T-shaped locking pin moves obliquely upwards under the guide of the feeding inclined rail, when the retainer on the feeder reaches the position right above the assembled bearing, the T-shaped locking pin is separated from a positioning hole on the feeding bottom plate, and the feeding bottom plate is reset under the action of the pulling force of a drawing-back spring; the retainer on the loading device falls downwards to the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring of the assembled bearing;
step six, the feeding cylinder retracts and resets, the T-shaped locking pin extends into the positioning hole in the feeding bottom plate again, and the retainer at the bottommost part of the retainer bin enters the retainer accommodating hole of the feeder;
seventhly, pushing out by a pressing cylinder to enable a pressing head to move downwards and completely press the retainer into the assembled bearing;
step eight, the lower air cylinder resets, and the loading clamping mechanism loosens the assembled bearing; and the worker takes down the assembled bearing which completes the assembly of the inner ring, the outer ring, the ball and the retainer.
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| CN111015211B (en) * | 2019-12-21 | 2024-05-24 | 浙江酷耐自动化科技有限公司 | Automatic linear bearing mounting equipment |
| CN112112903B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-11-16 | 苏州美特福自动化科技有限公司 | Bearing retainer assembling equipment |
| CN112324808B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-03-08 | 大连海事大学 | Automatic assembling machine for automobile hub bearing outer ring assembly and assembling method thereof |
| CN114704556B (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2024-04-05 | 浙江贝托传动科技有限公司 | Automatic planetary assembly bearing assembly equipment and method for planetary speed reducer |
| CN116576201B (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-09-12 | 山东丰源汽车科技有限公司 | Automatic assembly machine tool for transmission bearing |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH08267372A (en) * | 1995-04-03 | 1996-10-15 | Bando Chem Ind Ltd | Cylindrical work press fitting method and device thereof |
| JP4752871B2 (en) * | 2008-06-11 | 2011-08-17 | 株式会社デンソー | Parts assembling apparatus and manufacturing method of variable valve timing mechanism |
| CN202360611U (en) * | 2011-11-29 | 2012-08-01 | 浙江工商职业技术学院 | Push mechanism of retainer of full-automatic tapered roller bearing (TRB) assembly machine |
| CN103047300B (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2015-05-13 | 宁波江宸自动化装备有限公司 | Full-automatic bearing assembly machine |
| CN204470934U (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-07-15 | 昆山轴研自动化设备有限公司 | Precision bearing retainer press-in device |
| CN105290755A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-02-03 | 常山皮尔轴承有限公司 | Automatic bearing press-fit machine and control system thereof |
| CN106363408B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2019-12-13 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | assembly process method of aeroengine bearing |
| CN206352622U (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-07-25 | 江苏康斯特智能装备有限公司 | A kind of press-loading apparatus of bearing holder module |
| CN106881574A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-06-23 | 浙江农林大学 | Automobile hub bearing retainer automatic arranging device |
| CN207189119U (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2018-04-06 | 塔奥（芜湖）汽车制品有限公司 | A kind of automobile chassis product bushing press-mounting rebounding mechanism |
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