CN110142408B - Selective laser melting forming method for nozzle shell - Google Patents
Selective laser melting forming method for nozzle shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN110142408B CN110142408B CN201910551421.6A CN201910551421A CN110142408B CN 110142408 B CN110142408 B CN 110142408B CN 201910551421 A CN201910551421 A CN 201910551421A CN 110142408 B CN110142408 B CN 110142408B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/38—Housings, e.g. machine housings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/53—Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a selective laser melting and forming method of a nozzle shell, which comprises the following steps of; respectively forming a nozzle shell and test bars on a substrate by additive manufacturing, wherein the heat insulation cavity area of the nozzle shell is provided with at least two through holes, and the diameter and the length of the test bars and the through holes are the same; cleaning metal powder on the substrate, the surface of the nozzle shell and the test bar, and cleaning the metal powder in the heat insulation cavity through the through hole; and step three, inserting the test rod into the through hole, and sealing. The problem of the unable clear away of nozzle shell body seals heat-insulating intracavity metal powder is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of additive manufacturing, and relates to a selective laser melting forming method for a nozzle shell.
Background
The fuel nozzle shell is used as an important part of an aircraft engine, a plurality of parts are usually formed by traditional machining processes such as casting, forging, stamping and the like, the parts are combined into the nozzle shell part by adopting an assembling/welding method, the heat insulation cavity structure of the parts is realized by assembling gaps of the parts, and the problems of deformation and the like are easily generated in the welding process.
The additive manufacturing technology is a novel rapid forming technology with multiple disciplines such as computers, materials, high-energy beams and the like crossed, is suitable for rapid research and development of new products with characteristics such as complex structures, inner cavity structures and the like, along with rapid development and technical advantages of the additive manufacturing technology, the design freedom of an aircraft engine fuel nozzle shell is increased, integrated design and additive manufacturing forming of parts are achieved, and a large number of manufacturing cycles and cost are saved. In addition, a completely closed structure is also formed in the heat insulation cavity of the nozzle shell, the structure is more and more complex, and the problems that the metal powder in the heat insulation cavity of the part is difficult to clean and the like are solved while the completely closed heat insulation cavity is formed by the selective laser melting additive manufacturing method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a selective laser melting forming method of a nozzle shell, which solves the problem that metal powder cannot be removed from a closed heat insulation cavity of the nozzle shell.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a selective laser melting forming method of a nozzle shell comprises the following steps;
step one, a nozzle shell and a test bar are respectively formed on a substrate by selective laser melting forming, the nozzle shell comprises a nozzle head, a rod part and a mounting plate which are connected in sequence, the bottom of the mounting plate is respectively provided with a main oil path oil inlet interface and an auxiliary oil path oil inlet interface, the main oil path oil inlet interface and the auxiliary oil path oil inlet interface are perpendicular to each other and are respectively connected with two independent oil paths, the two independent oil paths are arranged in the rod part, a nozzle opening is formed in the nozzle head, the two independent oil paths are converged to the nozzle opening, a completely closed annular heat insulation cavity is arranged in the rod part, and the two independent oil paths are wrapped by the heat;
through holes are formed in the heat insulation cavity area of the nozzle shell, the number of the through holes is at least two, and the diameter and the length of the test rod are larger than those of the through holes;
cleaning metal powder on the substrate, the surface of the nozzle shell and the test bar, and cleaning the metal powder in the heat insulation cavity through the through hole;
and step three, inserting the test rod into the through hole, and sealing.
Preferably, the diameter of the through hole is 2-3 mm.
Preferably, in the second step, the metal powder in the substrate, the surface of the nozzle shell, the test bar and the heat insulation cavity is cleaned by using compressed air.
Furthermore, when metal powder in the heat insulation cavity is cleaned, only two through holes are reserved, one of the through holes is used as an air inlet hole, the other through hole is used as an air outlet hole, and all the through holes are circulated in sequence.
Preferably, the through hole is a taper hole, the large opening end faces the outer side, the large diameter is 2-3mm, the taper is 3-5 degrees, and the taper of the test rod is the same as that of the through hole.
Further, the diameter of the test rod is gradually reduced from two ends to the center, the maximum diameter part is larger than the diameter of the large opening end of the taper hole, and the minimum diameter part is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the small opening end of the taper hole; before the test stick is inserted into the through hole, the test stick is disconnected from the middle.
Preferably, in the first step, two through holes are respectively formed in two sides of the nozzle shell, the two through holes in the same side are distributed at the upper end and the lower end of the heat insulation cavity area, and the through holes in the two sides are arranged in a staggered mode.
Preferably, after the second step is completed, the stress in the process of forming the substrate, the nozzle shell and the test bar is removed by a vacuum heat treatment method.
Further, after the stress is removed, the substrate, the nozzle shell and the test bar are cut by a linear cutting method.
Preferably, in the third step, the test bar and the through hole are welded and sealed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the nozzle shell, the through hole is reserved on the shell during additive manufacturing, metal powder in the heat insulation cavity can be cleaned through the through hole, and after cleaning is completed, the test bar is inserted into the through hole for sealing, so that the problem that the metal powder in the closed heat insulation cavity of the nozzle shell cannot be cleaned is solved.
Furthermore, one of the through holes is used as an air inlet, the other is used as an air outlet, the other is sealed, and metal powder can be effectively blown out through compressed gas.
Furthermore, the through hole adopts a taper hole, the big opening end faces the outer side, air pressure of the air outlet can be increased, and cleaning efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the middle diameter of the manufactured test rod is small, and after the test rod is disconnected from the middle, the sealing of two taper holes can be met, and the number of parts for additive manufacturing is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a nozzle housing construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the nozzle housing structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the nozzle housing structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the test stick of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a heat insulation cavity; 2-a nozzle housing; 3-a through hole; 4-test bar.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, an aviation fuel nozzle shell 2 with a closed inner cavity structure is manufactured and formed by selective laser melting and material increase, and as shown in the figure 1-2, the forming direction of parts of the nozzle shell 2 is vertically placed.
The nozzle shell 2 comprises a nozzle head, a rod part and a mounting plate which are connected in sequence, a main oil path oil inlet interface and an auxiliary oil path oil inlet interface are arranged at the bottom of the mounting plate respectively and are perpendicular to each other and are connected with two independent oil paths respectively, the two independent oil paths are arranged inside the rod part, a nozzle opening is formed in the nozzle head, the two independent oil paths are converged to the nozzle opening, a completely closed annular heat insulation cavity 1 is arranged inside the rod part, and the two independent oil paths are wrapped by the heat insulation cavity 1.
Powder outlets are prefabricated on a process model of the nozzle shell 2 and are placed on a plane structure of the nozzle shell 2, the powder outlets are through holes 3 and are respectively placed at diagonal positions of the upper end and the lower end of an area of the heat insulation cavity 1, and the through holes 3 on the planes on the two sides are arranged in a staggered mode, as shown in fig. 1.
The powder outlet is a cone hole, the aperture size of the big opening end is phi 2-3mm, the taper is 3-5 degrees, and the taper of the test rod 4 is the same as that of the powder outlet, as shown in figure 3.
In the process of forming the nozzle shell 2, the cone test bars 4 with more than the number of the process powder outlet holes are designed in the same batch, the structure of the cone test bars 4 is shown in figure 4, the taper of the test bars 4 is consistent with that of the process powder outlet holes, the diameters of the test bars 4 are gradually reduced from two ends to the center, the maximum diameter part is larger than the diameter of the large opening end of the cone hole, and the minimum diameter part is not larger than the diameter of the small opening end of the cone hole; one test rod 4 can be divided into two cone test rods 4, and before the test rods 4 are inserted into the through holes 3, the test rods 4 are disconnected from the middle.
The fuel nozzle shell 2 and the cone test rod 4 are reasonably arranged on a base plate used by the existing additive manufacturing equipment.
And step two, after the additive manufacturing and forming, cleaning the metal powder on the surface of the substrate, the component and the heat insulation cavity 1 by adopting tools such as compressed air and a mallet, in the process of cleaning the metal powder in the heat insulation cavity 1, sealing two powder outlet holes in different directions, keeping the smoothness of the other two powder outlet holes, wherein one of the two powder outlet holes is used as an air inlet hole, the other one of the two powder outlet holes is used as an air outlet hole, introducing compressed gas into the air inlet hole, spraying out the gas carrying the metal powder from the air outlet hole, sequentially performing circulating operation on all the through holes 3 until the metal powder in the heat insulation cavity 1 is completely removed, shooting an X-ray film for the nozzle shell 2, and observing whether the inside of the heat insulation cavity 1 contains the metal powder or not through the X-ray film so as to.
And removing stress in the forming process of the substrate and the part by adopting a vacuum heat treatment method.
And cutting the substrate, the nozzle shell 2 and the test bar 4 by adopting a linear cutting method, separating the substrate, the nozzle shell 2 and the test bar 4, wherein the cutting test bar 4 is two cone test bars 4.
And grinding and polishing the parts of the nozzle shell 2 and the end surface of the cone test bar 4, wherein the aperture of the end surface of the cone test bar 4 is consistent with that of the powder outlet hole of the nozzle shell 2.
The nozzle shell 2 and the cone test bar 4 are cleaned.
And step three, sealing the process powder outlet hole by using a cone test bar 4 by adopting a welding method, and polishing the welding surface to finish the additive manufacturing and forming of the nozzle shell 2.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A selective laser melting forming method of a nozzle shell is characterized by comprising the following steps;
step one, respectively forming a nozzle shell (2) and a test bar (4) on a substrate by selective laser melting forming, wherein the nozzle shell (2) comprises a nozzle head, a rod part and a mounting plate which are sequentially connected, the bottom of the mounting plate is respectively provided with a main oil path oil inlet interface and an auxiliary oil path oil inlet interface, the main oil path oil inlet interface and the auxiliary oil path oil inlet interface are mutually vertical and are respectively connected with two independent oil paths, the two independent oil paths are arranged in the rod part, a nozzle opening is formed in the nozzle head, the two independent oil paths are converged to the nozzle opening, a completely closed annular heat insulation cavity (1) is arranged in the rod part, and the two independent oil paths are wrapped by the heat insulation cavity (;
through holes (3) are formed in the area of the heat insulation cavity (1) of the nozzle shell (2), the number of the through holes (3) is at least two, and the diameter and the length of the test rod (4) are larger than those of the through holes (3);
secondly, cleaning the metal powder on the substrate, the surface of the nozzle shell (2) and the test bar (4) by using compressed air, and cleaning the metal powder in the heat insulation cavity (1) through the through hole (3); removing stress in the forming process of the substrate, the nozzle shell (2) and the test bar (4) by adopting a vacuum heat treatment method;
and step three, inserting the test rod (4) into the through hole (3) and sealing.
2. A method for selective laser melting of a nozzle housing according to claim 1, characterized in that the through-hole (3) has a diameter of 2-3 mm.
3. A method of selective laser melting of a nozzle housing as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that only two through holes (3) are left when cleaning the metal powder in the insulating chamber (1), one of which is an inlet hole and the other is an outlet hole, and all the through holes (3) are circulated in sequence.
4. The selective laser melting and forming method of the nozzle shell according to claim 1, wherein the through hole (3) is a taper hole, the large opening end faces to the outside, the large diameter is 2-3mm, the taper is 3-5 degrees, and the taper of the test rod (4) is the same as that of the through hole (3).
5. The selective laser melting forming method of the nozzle shell according to claim 4, wherein the diameter of the test rod (4) is gradually reduced from the two ends to the center, the maximum diameter part is larger than the diameter of the large opening end of the taper hole, and the minimum diameter part is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the small opening end of the taper hole; before the test stick (4) is inserted into the through hole (3), the test stick (4) is disconnected from the middle.
6. The selective laser melting and forming method of the nozzle shell according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, two through holes (3) are respectively formed in two sides of the nozzle shell (2), the two through holes (3) in the same side are distributed at the upper end and the lower end of the area of the heat insulation cavity (1), and the through holes (3) in the two sides are arranged in a staggered manner.
7. The selective laser melting method for nozzle housings according to claim 1, wherein the substrate, the nozzle housing (2) and the test bar (4) are cut by a wire cutting method after the stress is removed.
8. The selective laser melting method for nozzle housings according to claim 1, wherein the test bar (4) is welded and sealed to the through hole (3) in step three.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910551421.6A CN110142408B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Selective laser melting forming method for nozzle shell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910551421.6A CN110142408B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Selective laser melting forming method for nozzle shell |
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| CN110142408A CN110142408A (en) | 2019-08-20 |
| CN110142408B true CN110142408B (en) | 2021-06-29 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110802372A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-18 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Powder outlet hole plugging method for closed heat insulation cavity of additive manufacturing nozzle shell |
| CN110884139A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-17 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Design and nondestructive testing method for 3D printing nozzle shell blank structure |
| CN110918992A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-27 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | High-temperature alloy powder, additive manufacturing method and part |
| JP7382881B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2023-11-17 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of modeled object |
| CN112045187B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2022-07-05 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Process method for forming uniform-wall-thickness variable-diameter fuel spray rod through selective laser melting |
| CN113909693A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-11 | 鑫精合激光科技发展（北京）有限公司 | Method for repairing powder outlet hole of part in powder laying printing |
| CN115169059B (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2022-12-23 | 西安成立航空制造有限公司 | Engine fuel nozzle designing and processing method and device and electronic equipment |
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| CN106499625A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-15 | 浙江大学 | Lightweight plunger and plunger displacement pump based on SLM technology |
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