CN110802372A - Powder outlet hole plugging method for closed heat insulation cavity of additive manufacturing nozzle shell - Google Patents
Powder outlet hole plugging method for closed heat insulation cavity of additive manufacturing nozzle shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN110802372A CN110802372A CN201911109022.0A CN201911109022A CN110802372A CN 110802372 A CN110802372 A CN 110802372A CN 201911109022 A CN201911109022 A CN 201911109022A CN 110802372 A CN110802372 A CN 110802372A
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- powder outlet
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- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
A powder outlet hole plugging method for a closed heat insulation cavity of an additive manufacturing nozzle shell comprises the following steps: selecting the opening position, the opening size and the number of the powder outlet holes on the closed heat insulation cavity of the nozzle shell through three-dimensional modeling; punching a three-dimensional digital model at a pre-selected position in a subtraction operation mode; the nozzle shell and the powder outlet hole plug are manufactured by additive manufacturing in the same furnace; stress removal treatment; cleaning the powder in the closed heat insulation cavity; hole plugging: polishing and cleaning the powder outlet hole and the blocking block, and welding the blocking block in a melting way; polishing and correcting the welding part to meet the requirements on the surface roughness and the size of the part; and carrying out solution heat treatment on the nozzle shell to finish the process. The nozzle shell with the closed heat insulation cavity delivered by the method has the advantages that the size, the metallurgical quality and the service performance of the cavity meet the use requirements, and the problem of blockage and forming of the powder outlet of the nozzle shell closed heat insulation cavity in the selective laser melting additive manufacturing process is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of structure forming and heat treatment, in particular to a powder outlet hole plugging method for a closed heat insulation cavity of an additive manufacturing nozzle shell, which guarantees the metallurgical quality and the service performance of a powder outlet hole process of the closed heat insulation cavity of the additive manufacturing nozzle shell.
Background
The nozzle housing assembly of complex construction is made up of a number of different parts and, with the development of additive manufacturing techniques, can be manufactured in its entirety using advanced additive manufacturing techniques. In order to form a closed heat insulation cavity and ensure that the heat insulation cavity meets the designed cavity and heat insulation effect requirements, a reasonable process method is required for plugging the powder outlet hole, and the requirements of the wall thickness and the cavity at the plugging part, the metallurgical quality at the plugging part and the service performance of the part after plugging are also required to be ensured.
Aiming at the technical powder outlet hole of the closed heat insulation cavity with a complex structure, the metallurgical quality and the service performance requirements of the powder outlet hole plugging can be met only by comprehensively welding a TIG welding technical method, reasonable technical parameters and a heat treatment method after the powder outlet hole plugging.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a powder outlet hole plugging method for a closed heat insulation cavity of a nozzle shell manufactured by additive manufacturing, so that the size, the metallurgical quality and the service performance of the cavity of the nozzle shell can meet the use requirements.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
selecting the opening position, the opening size and the number of the powder outlet holes on the closed heat insulation cavity of the nozzle shell through three-dimensional modeling;
punching the three-dimensional digital model at a pre-selected position in a subtraction operation mode;
the nozzle shell and the powder outlet hole plug are manufactured in the same furnace in an additive manufacturing mode;
-destressing;
-cleaning the powder inside the closed insulating chamber;
-plugging of the hole:
polishing and cleaning the powder outlet hole and the blocking block, and welding the blocking block in a melting way;
polishing and correcting the welding part to meet the requirements on the surface roughness and the size of the part;
and carrying out solution heat treatment on the nozzle shell to finish.
As a preferable scheme, the powder outlet holes are arranged at the positions close to the flange and the nozzle head, the diameter of the powder outlet holes is 3mm-5mm, and the number of the powder outlet holes is 2-6.
As a preferable scheme, in the additive manufacturing process, the equipment power is 300-400W, the spot size is 0.08-0.12 mm, the scanning speed is 1000-1250 mm/s, the powder supply amount is 0.09-0.12 mm/layer, the layer height is 0.03-0.06 mm/layer, and the circulating air speed is 2.5-2.8V.
Preferably, the stress relief treatment is carried out in the same furnace after the molding of the nozzle shell and the powder outlet hole plug is finished.
As a preferred scheme, the stress relief treatment process comprises the following steps: and preserving the heat for 2 to 4 hours at the temperature of 900 to 980 ℃.
As a preferable scheme, the polished and cleaned blocking block is subjected to deposition welding with the powder outlet hole by adopting a TIG welding process.
As a preferred scheme, the welding is carried out by using a SanRex-300P welding machine, and the diameter of a tungsten electrode is 2.5 mm.
Preferably, the welding current during welding is 25 to 50A, and the argon flow is 15 to 18L/min.
Preferably, the solution heat treatment keeps the temperature of the nozzle shell at 1040-1200 ℃ for 1 h.
As a preferable mode, the solution heat treatment is followed by cooling under an argon atmosphere.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the structural characteristics of the nozzle shell, a powder outlet is formed in a selected proper position, a plugging block for plugging the hole is manufactured in an additive mode, after the parts and the plugging block are subjected to stress relief treatment and are assembled and polished, the plugging hole is formed in a melting mode in the assembling process, solid solution treatment is carried out after welding, and finally the performance required by use is achieved. According to the invention, the powder outlet hole and the plug are designed simultaneously, the plug and the nozzle shell are subjected to material increase in the same furnace, and are subjected to corresponding treatment in the same furnace, so that the states are the same, the thickness and the size of the closed heat insulation cavity are ensured, the inner cavity is smooth, and the heat insulation effect is excellent. The nozzle shell with the closed heat insulation cavity delivered by the method has the advantages that the size, the metallurgical quality and the service performance of the cavity meet the use requirements, the problem of blockage and forming of the powder outlet of the nozzle shell closed heat insulation cavity process in the selective laser melting additive manufacturing process is solved, and the delivery and use of parts are realized.
Furthermore, in the additive manufacturing process, the power of the equipment is 300-400W, the size of a light spot is 0.08-0.12 mm, the scanning speed is 1000-1250 mm/s, the powder supply amount is 0.09-0.12 mm/layer, the layer height is 0.03-0.06 mm/layer, the circulating air speed is 2.5-2.8V, the nozzle shell and the blocking block additive manufacturing are mainly subjected to selective laser melting and then formed by forming equipment, the equipment for realizing the process can be Germany EOS equipment or domestic BLT310 equipment, the equipment suitable for forming the nozzle shell can realize forming by selecting the above process parameters of EOS or BLT310, and the requirements on the forming size and the metallurgical quality of the nozzle shell are met after subsequent heat treatment process.
Furthermore, during stress relief treatment, the heat is preserved for 2-4 hours at the temperature of 900-980 ℃ because a powder outlet is blocked by adopting a welding process and then has a thermal stress area, and the existence and release of thermal stress often generate the defects of deformation, cracks and the like, so that parts are scrapped. Therefore, the stress relief treatment is carried out at a proper time, so that the thermal stress of welding can be eliminated, and the rejection caused by stress release is avoided. The stress relief treatment temperature of 900-980 ℃ is lower than the solid solution temperature of the material, but the whole temperature is higher. The stress removal treatment at higher temperature can achieve the required requirements with relatively short heat preservation time. A relatively long time is required if the temperature is low. Therefore, the process parameters are comprehensively considered and selected
Furthermore, the welding current is 25A-50A, the argon flow is 15L/min-18L/min, and a plurality of welding methods are adopted. Through a plurality of process tests, the selected optimal parameters are economical and practical.
Furthermore, the nozzle shell is kept at the temperature of 1040-1200 ℃ for 1h during the solution heat treatment, and the selection of the parameters of the solution heat treatment has a direct relation with the forming of the parts and whether the performance of the parts meets the requirements. The mechanical property, metallurgical quality, metallographic structure and the like of the part subjected to heat treatment by the process parameters meet the use requirements of the part.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of an enclosed insulated chamber;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a powder outlet;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a plug structure of the powder outlet;
in the drawings: 1-sealing the heat insulation cavity; 2-powder outlet; and 3-plug.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention.
Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make several simple modifications and decorations without creative efforts, and all other embodiments obtained belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Aiming at a nozzle shell of an engine of a certain model and a material K536, the laser selective melting additive manufacturing method for the closed heat insulation cavity is adopted, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) position selection: powder holes are formed at two parts close to the flange and the nozzle head;
(2) the size of the powder outlet hole is as follows: phi 3;
(3) the number of the powder outlet holes: according to the specific size of the part and the size of the powder outlet holes, 6 powder outlet holes are formed;
(4) three-dimensional digital-analog processing: and punching the three-dimensional digital model at the pre-selected position by adopting a subtraction operation mode, wherein the shape of the hole is shown in the attached figure 2, and the shape of the plug is shown in the attached figure 3. The single side of the gap between the plug and the powder outlet hole is kept at 0.2 mm.
(5) The part and the powder outlet hole plug are subjected to additive manufacturing in the same furnace, and the additive manufacturing process parameters are as follows:
| plant power | 300W |
| Light spot | 0.08mm |
| Scanning speed | 1000mm/s |
| Amount of powder supplied | 0.092 mm/layer |
| Layer height | 0.03 mm/layer |
| Circulating wind speed | 2.5 |
(6) And (3) after the forming is finished, performing stress relief treatment in the same furnace:
preserving heat at 900 ℃ for 4 hours;
(7) cleaning powder in a closed cavity, and detecting the inner cavity by X-ray to meet the requirement;
(8) hole plugging: and polishing and cleaning the powder outlet hole and the block, and performing block fusion welding by adopting a TIG welding process.
The welding parameters were as follows: welding equipment: SanRex-300P, tungsten electrode diameter:
welding current: 25A to 30A, argon flow: 15L/min to 18L/min.
And grinding and correcting the welding part to meet the requirements on the surface roughness and the size of the part.
(9) And (3) carrying out solution heat treatment on the nozzle shell after hole plugging: the temperature is kept for 1h at 1040-1200 ℃, and the argon is cooled.
Example 2
A nozzle shell of an engine of a certain model is made of a material K536, and laser selective melting additive manufacturing of a closed heat insulation cavity is carried out by adopting the method, and the specific method is as follows:
(1) and (3) position selection: powder holes are formed at two parts close to the flange and the nozzle head;
(2) the size of the powder outlet hole is as follows: phi 4;
(3) the number of the powder outlet holes: selecting 4 powder outlet holes according to the specific size of the parts and the size of the powder outlet holes;
(4) three-dimensional digital-analog processing: and punching the three-dimensional digital model at a pre-selected position in a subtraction operation mode, wherein the single side of the gap between the plug and the powder outlet hole is kept at 0.2 mm.
(5) The part and the powder outlet hole plug are subjected to additive manufacturing in the same furnace, and the additive manufacturing process parameters are as follows:
| plant power | 350W |
| Light spot | 0.10mm |
| Scanning speed | 1150mm/s |
| Amount of powder supplied | 0.11 mm/layer |
| Layer height | 0.045 mm/layer |
| Circulating wind speed | 2.6V |
(6) And (3) after the forming is finished, performing stress relief treatment in the same furnace:
preserving heat at 940 ℃ for 3 hours;
(7) cleaning powder in a closed cavity, and detecting the inner cavity by X-ray to meet the requirement;
(8) hole plugging: and polishing and cleaning the powder outlet hole and the block, and performing block fusion welding by adopting a TIG welding process.
The welding parameters were as follows: welding equipment: SanRex-300P, tungsten electrode diameter:
welding current: 25A to 40A, argon flow: 15L/min to 18L/min.
And grinding and correcting the welding part to meet the requirements on the surface roughness and the size of the part.
(9) And (3) carrying out solution heat treatment on the nozzle shell after hole plugging: the temperature is kept for 1h at 1040-1200 ℃, and the argon is cooled.
Example 3
A nozzle shell of an engine of a certain model is made of a material K536, and laser selective melting additive manufacturing of a closed heat insulation cavity is carried out by adopting the method, and the specific method is as follows:
(1) and (3) position selection: powder holes are selectively formed at the positions close to the flange and the nozzle head;
(2) the size of the powder outlet hole is as follows: phi 5;
(3) the number of the powder outlet holes: selecting 2 powder outlet holes according to the specific size of the part and the size of the powder outlet holes;
(4) three-dimensional digital-analog processing: and punching the three-dimensional digital model at a pre-selected position in a subtraction operation mode, wherein the single side of the gap between the plug and the powder outlet hole is kept at 0.2 mm.
(5) The part and the powder outlet hole plug are subjected to additive manufacturing in the same furnace, and the additive manufacturing process parameters are as follows:
| plant power | 400W |
| Light spot | 0.12mm |
| Scanning speed | 1250mm/s |
| Amount of powder supplied | 0.12 mm/layer |
| Layer height | 0.06 mm/layer |
| Circulating wind speed | 2.8V |
(6) And (3) after the forming is finished, performing stress relief treatment in the same furnace:
keeping the temperature at 980 ℃ for 4 hours;
(7) cleaning powder in a closed cavity, and detecting the inner cavity by X-ray to meet the requirement;
(8) hole plugging: and polishing and cleaning the powder outlet hole and the block, and performing block fusion welding by adopting a TIG welding process.
The welding parameters were as follows: welding equipment: SanRex-300P, tungsten electrode diameter:
welding current: 25A to 50A, argon flow: 15L/min to 18L/min.
And grinding and correcting the welding part to meet the requirements on the surface roughness and the size of the part.
(9) And (3) carrying out solution heat treatment on the nozzle shell after hole plugging: the temperature is kept for 1h at 1040-1200 ℃, and the argon is cooled.
The invention is particularly suitable for the plugging welding and heat treatment process of the powder outlet process hole of the closed heat insulation cavity of the nozzle shell with the complex structure of the combustion chamber of the aero-engine. The requirements of the thickness size of the closed heat insulation cavity of the nozzle shell of the key part, the smoothness of the inner cavity and the heat insulation effect are ensured. The nozzle shell with the closed heat insulation cavity delivered by the process method provided by the invention has the advantages that the size, the metallurgical quality and the service performance of the cavity meet the use requirements. The process method solves the forming problem of blocking the powder outlet of the nozzle shell closed heat insulation cavity in the selective laser melting additive manufacturing process.
While the invention has been described above with reference to specific features and embodiments thereof, it will be apparent that various modifications and combinations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the specification and figures are merely exemplary of the invention as defined in the appended claims and are intended to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, and those modifications and variations are within the scope of the claims of the invention and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A powder outlet hole plugging method for a closed heat insulation cavity of an additive manufacturing nozzle shell is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting the opening position, the opening size and the number of the powder outlet holes on the closed heat insulation cavity of the nozzle shell through three-dimensional modeling;
punching the three-dimensional digital model at a pre-selected position in a subtraction operation mode;
the nozzle shell and the powder outlet hole plug are manufactured in the same furnace in an additive manufacturing mode;
-destressing;
-cleaning the powder inside the closed insulating chamber;
-plugging of the hole:
polishing and cleaning the powder outlet hole and the blocking block, and welding the blocking block in a melting way;
polishing and correcting the welding part to meet the requirements on the surface roughness and the size of the part;
and carrying out solution heat treatment on the nozzle shell to finish.
2. The additive manufacturing nozzle housing closed heat insulation cavity powder outlet hole blocking method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the powder outlet holes are arranged at the positions close to the flange and the nozzle head, the diameter of each powder outlet hole is 3-5 mm, and the number of the powder outlet holes is 2-6.
3. The additive manufacturing nozzle housing closed heat insulation cavity powder outlet hole blocking method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the additive manufacturing process, the equipment power is 300-400W, the spot size is 0.08-0.12 mm, the scanning speed is 1000-1250 mm/s, the powder supply amount is 0.09-0.12 mm/layer, the layer height is 0.03-0.06 mm/layer, and the circulating air speed is 2.5-2.8V.
4. The additive manufacturing nozzle housing closed heat insulation cavity powder outlet hole blocking method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
and after the nozzle shell and the powder outlet hole plug are formed, carrying out stress relief treatment on the nozzle shell and the powder outlet hole plug in the same furnace.
5. The additive manufacturing nozzle shell closed heat insulation cavity powder outlet hole blocking method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the stress removing process comprises the following steps: and preserving the heat for 2 to 4 hours at the temperature of 900 to 980 ℃.
6. The additive manufacturing nozzle housing closed heat insulation cavity powder outlet hole blocking method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and performing fusion welding on the polished and cleaned blocking block and the powder outlet hole by adopting a TIG welding process.
7. The additive manufacturing nozzle housing closed heat insulation cavity powder outlet hole blocking method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein: the welding was carried out using a SanRex-300P welder with a tungsten electrode diameter of 2.5 mm.
8. The additive manufacturing nozzle housing closed heat insulation cavity powder outlet hole blocking method according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the welding current during welding is 25A-50A, and the argon flow is 15L/min-18L/min.
9. The additive manufacturing nozzle shell closed heat insulation cavity powder outlet hole plugging method according to claim 1, wherein the solution heat treatment process comprises the following steps: and keeping the temperature of the nozzle shell at 1040-1200 ℃ for 1 h.
10. The additive manufacturing nozzle housing closed heat insulation cavity powder outlet hole blocking method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
after the solution heat treatment, the steel sheet was cooled under an argon atmosphere.
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| CN114147235A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-03-08 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Powder cleaning hole plugging device and method for selective laser melting forming wing rudder structure |
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Application publication date: 20200218 |