CN110137779B - Double-inner-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator - Google Patents
Double-inner-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110137779B CN110137779B CN201910385824.8A CN201910385824A CN110137779B CN 110137779 B CN110137779 B CN 110137779B CN 201910385824 A CN201910385824 A CN 201910385824A CN 110137779 B CN110137779 B CN 110137779B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/39—Non-linear optics for parametric generation or amplification of light, infrared or ultraviolet waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S1/00—Masers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range
- H01S1/02—Masers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/39—Non-linear optics for parametric generation or amplification of light, infrared or ultraviolet waves
- G02F1/392—Parametric amplification
Abstract
The invention discloses a double-inner-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator, wherein pumping light is reflected by a first reflector and a second reflector and then is incident into a first MgO LiNbO3The crystal generates first-stage Stokes light and first-stage terahertz waves, and the first-stage Stokes light is oscillated and amplified in a resonant cavity formed by the fifth reflector and the sixth reflector; from the first MgO LiNbO3The pump light emitted from the crystal is reflected by the third reflector and the fourth reflector and then is incident into the first MgO LiNbO3The crystal generates first-order Stokes light and first-order terahertz waves; the first-order Stokes light of the back-and-forth oscillation is incident on a second MgO LiNbO3And the crystal generates second-level Stokes light, first second-level terahertz waves and second-level terahertz waves, and the second-level Stokes light is oscillated and amplified in a resonant cavity formed by the seventh reflector and the eighth reflector. By changing the included angle between the pumping light and the first-stage Stokes light, the first-stage Stokes light with wide tuning can be obtained. And the wide-tuning terahertz wave can be obtained by changing the wavelength of the primary Stokes light or changing the included angle between the primary Stokes light and the secondary Stokes light.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of terahertz wave application, and particularly relates to a double-inner-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator.
Background
Terahertz waves (THz for short) mean that the frequency is 0.1-10THz (1THz is 10)12THz), the band of which lies between the millimeter wave and the infrared in the electromagnetic spectrum, is the transition region from photonics and electronics, macroscopic theory to microscopic theory. The terahertz wave is located at a special position, so that the terahertz wave has great scientific research value and wide application prospect in the basic research fields of physics, chemistry, astronomy, molecular spectrum, life science, medical science and the like, and the application research fields of medical imaging, environmental monitoring, material detection, food detection, radio astronomy, mobile communication, satellite communication, military radar and the like. Terahertz waves are mainly applied in the following fields:
(1) field of imaging
The transient electromagnetic field generated by the terahertz electromagnetic pulse can be directly measured by utilizing the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy technology, and the dielectric constant of a sample can be directly measured.
(2) The field of biochemistry
Because the rotation absorption spectrum of a plurality of biomacromolecules is in the terahertz frequency band, the molecular motion condition information in the reaction can be obtained by utilizing the research on the terahertz absorption spectrum of biochemical reaction. Provides a powerful means for further researching the biochemical reaction.
(3) Field of astronomy
In the universe, a large number of substances emit terahertz electromagnetic waves. Carbon (C), water (H)2O), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen (N)2) Oxygen (O)2) And a large number of molecules can be detected in the terahertz frequency band.
(4) Field of communications
Terahertz waves are good broadband information carriers and can carry audio or video signals for transmission. The terahertz wave is used for communication, and the wireless transmission speed of 10GB/s can be obtained, which is hundreds to thousands of times faster than the current ultra-wideband technology.
(5) The field of homeland security
In the field of homeland security, due to the non-ionization property and strong penetrability of the terahertz waves, the terahertz waves can provide long-distance and large-range early warning for hidden dangerous goods such as explosives, contraband, weapons, drugs and the like in airports, stations and the like.
The lack of terahertz sources capable of generating high-power, high-quality and high-efficiency terahertz waves and operating at room temperature with low cost is a major problem at present. At present, the terahertz wave generation method mainly comprises an electronics method and a photonics method. The electronic method is a process that the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation is generally extended from millimeter waves to a terahertz waveband, namely, the process is equivalent to a frequency increasing process, but when the frequency is greater than 1THz, the process is hindered greatly, so that the efficiency is low, and meanwhile, a terahertz wave radiation source generated by the electronic method is large in size, so that the application of the terahertz wave radiation source in many fields is limited. The main direction of the photonics method is to convert visible light or infrared light to a terahertz wave band. The method has the advantages that the generated terahertz radiation source has high coherence and directivity, but the terahertz wave generated at the present stage is low in power and efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-inner-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator which is used for solving the problems of low power, low efficiency and the like of the existing terahertz wave.
The object of the invention is achieved in the following way:
a double-inner-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator comprises a pumping source, a first MgO LiNbO3Crystal and second MgO LiNbO3Crystal, first silicon prism, second silicon prism, pump light recovery box, and LiNbO arranged at first MgO3Crystal and second MgO LiNbO3A mirror around the crystal;
the pumping light emitted from the pumping source is reflected by the first reflector and the second reflector and then enters the first MgO LiNbO3The crystal generates first-level Stokes light and first-level terahertz waves through an optical parametric effect, and the first-level Stokes light is oscillated and amplified in a resonant cavity formed by a fifth reflector and a sixth reflector; from the first MgO LiNbO3The pump light emitted from the crystal is reflected by the third reflector and the fourth reflector and then is incident into the first MgO LiNbO3The crystal generates first-order Stokes light and first-order terahertz wave through optical parametric effect, and then generates second-order Stokes light and first-order terahertz wave from first MgO LiNbO3The pump light emitted by the crystal is recovered by a pump light recovery box;
the first-order Stokes light of the back-and-forth oscillation is incident on a second MgO LiNbO3The crystal generates second-level Stokes light, first second-level terahertz waves and second-level terahertz waves through an optical parameter effect, the second-level Stokes light is oscillated and amplified in a resonant cavity formed by a seventh reflector and an eighth reflector, the first second-level terahertz waves are coupled and output through a first silicon prism, and the second-level terahertz waves are coupled and output through a second silicon prism;
the pump light is obliquely incident on the first MgO LiNbO3Crystal, first order Stokes light vertically incident first MgO LiNbO3Crystal, first order Stokes light is obliquely incident to second MgO LiNbO3Crystal, second-order Stokes light vertically incident second MgO LiNbO3A crystal;
the plane of beam propagation is the plane determined by the X axis and the Y axis, the Z axis is perpendicular to the plane of beam propagation, the propagation direction of the pump light emitted from the pump source is the X axis forward direction, and the included angle between the propagation direction of the pump light recovered by the pump light recovery box and the Y axis forward direction is an acute angle.
The pumping source adopts a pulse laser, the wavelength is 1064nm, the repetition frequency is 10Hz, the single-pulse energy is 160mJ, the beam diameter is 3mm, and the polarization direction is the Z axis.
The first reflector, the second reflector, the third reflector, the fourth reflector, the fifth reflector, the sixth reflector, the seventh reflector and the eighth reflector are plane mirrors, and the angles of the plane mirrors are adjustable.
The first reflector, the second reflector, the third reflector and the fourth reflector are used for totally reflecting pump light with the wavelength of 1064nm, the fifth reflector and the sixth reflector are used for totally reflecting primary Stokes light with the wavelength range of 1064-1090nm, and the seventh reflector and the eighth reflector are used for totally reflecting secondary Stokes light with the wavelength range of 1064-1120 nm.
The first MgO is LiNbO3Crystal and second MgO LiNbO3The crystal is cuboid in X-Y plane and is doped with MgOThe concentration is 5mol%, and the optical axis of the crystal is along the Z axis.
The first MgO is LiNbO3The size of the crystal is 40mm × 20mm × 8mm, and the second MgO is LiNbO3The size of the crystal in the Z-axis direction is 8mm, and the secondary Stokes light passes through the second MgO LiNbO3The size of the crystal in the direction is 40mm, and the second MgO is LiNbO3The length of the crystal in the other dimension is 10 mm.
The first silicon prism and the second silicon prism are both made of high-resistance silicon materials and are respectively tightly attached to the second MgO LiNbO3The upper and lower sides of the crystal.
The first silicon prism and the second silicon prism have the same size, the size of the first silicon prism and the size of the second silicon prism in the Z-axis direction are 8mm, the first silicon prism and the second silicon prism are right-angled triangles in the X-Y plane, the two bottom angles of the first silicon prism and the second silicon prism are 40 degrees and 50 degrees respectively, the sizes of the two right-angled sides of each right-angled triangle are 40mm and 33.6mm respectively, and the right-angled side with the length of 40mm is tightly attached to the second MgO LiN3On the sides of the crystal.
The first MgO is LiNbO3The terahertz wave generated in the crystal is not output.
The first secondary terahertz wave is emitted approximately perpendicular to the bevel edge of the first silicon prism, and the second secondary terahertz wave is emitted approximately perpendicular to the bevel edge of the second silicon prism.
Compared with the prior art, the double-inner-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator provided by the invention has the following advantages compared with the existing terahertz radiation source based on the optical parametric effect:
(1) by changing the included angle between the pumping light and the first-stage Stokes light, the first-stage Stokes light with wide tuning can be obtained. And the wide-tuning terahertz wave can be obtained by changing the wavelength of the primary Stokes light or changing the included angle between the primary Stokes light and the secondary Stokes light. The tuning mode is simple and the operation is flexible.
(2) The high-power terahertz waves can be generated by utilizing the first-level Stokes light and the second-level Stokes light with high power density in the resonant cavity through optical parametric oscillation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows MgO:LiNbO3the pump light, Stokes light and THz wave in the crystal are matched in phase, and k in the figurep、ks1、ks2、kT1、kT2Wave vectors theta of pump light, primary Stokes light, secondary Stokes light, primary THz wave and secondary THz wave respectively1Angle is pump light wave vector kpAnd first order Stokes light wave vector ks1Angle between them, theta2Angle of first order Stokes light wave vector ks1And the second order Stokes light wave vector ks2The included angle therebetween.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in attached figures 1-2, the double-inner-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator comprises a pumping source 1 and a first MgO LiNbO3Crystal 5 and second MgO LiNbO3 A crystal 12, a first silicon prism 18, a second silicon prism 19, a pump light recovery box 8, and LiNbO arranged at the first MgO3Crystal 5 and a second MgO LiNbO3A mirror around the crystal 12;
the pump light 2 emitted from the pump source 1 is reflected by the first mirror 3 and the second mirror 4 and then enters the first MgO LiNbO3The crystal 5 generates first-level Stokes light 9 and first-level terahertz waves through an optical parametric effect, and the first-level Stokes light 9 is oscillated and amplified in a resonant cavity formed by a fifth reflector 10 and a sixth reflector 11; from the first MgO LiNbO3The pump light 2 emitted from the crystal 5 is reflected by the third reflector 6 and the fourth reflector 7 and then enters the first MgO LiNbO again3The crystal 5 generates first-level Stokes light 9 and first-level terahertz wave through optical parametric effect, and then generates second-level terahertz wave from first MgO LiNbO3The pump light 2 emitted by the crystal 5 is recovered by a pump light recovery box 8;
the first-order Stokes light 9 of the back-and-forth oscillation is incident to a second MgO LiNbO3The crystal 12 generates a second-level Stokes light 13, a first second-level terahertz wave 16 and a second-level terahertz wave 17 through an optical parametric effect, the second-level Stokes light 13 is oscillated and amplified in a resonant cavity formed by a seventh reflector 14 and an eighth reflector 15, the first second-level terahertz wave 16 is coupled and output through a first silicon prism 18, and the second-level terahertz wave 17 is coupled and output through a second silicon prism 19Discharging;
the pump light 2 is obliquely incident on the first MgO LiNbO3The crystal 5, the first-order Stokes light 9 vertically enters the first MgO LiNbO3The crystal 5, the first-order Stokes light 9 is obliquely incident to the second MgO LiNbO3Crystal 12 and second Stokes light 13 vertically incident on second MgO LiNbO3 A crystal 12;
the plane of beam propagation is the plane determined by the X-axis and the Y-axis, the Z-axis is perpendicular to the plane of beam propagation, the propagation direction of the pump light 2 emitted from the pump source 1 is the X-axis forward direction, and the included angle between the propagation direction of the pump light 2 recovered by the pump light recovery box 8 and the Y-axis forward direction is an acute angle.
The pumping source 1 adopts a pulse laser, the wavelength is 1064nm, the repetition frequency is 10Hz, the single-pulse energy is 160mJ, the beam diameter is 3mm, and the polarization direction is the Z axis.
The first reflector 3, the second reflector 4, the third reflector 6, the fourth reflector 7, the fifth reflector 10, the sixth reflector 11, the seventh reflector 14 and the eighth reflector 15 are plane mirrors, and the angles of the plane mirrors are adjustable.
The first reflector 3, the second reflector 4, the third reflector 6 and the fourth reflector 7 are used for totally reflecting the pump light 2 with the wavelength of 1064nm, the fifth reflector 10 and the sixth reflector 11 are used for totally reflecting the primary Stokes light 9 with the wavelength range of 1064-1090nm, and the seventh reflector 14 and the eighth reflector 15 are used for totally reflecting the secondary Stokes light 13 with the wavelength range of 1064-1120 nm.
First MgO LiNbO3Crystal 5 and a second MgO LiNbO3The crystal 12 is a cuboid which is rectangular in an X-Y plane, the MgO doping concentration is 5mol%, and the optical axis of the crystal is along the Z axis.
First MgO LiNbO3The crystal 5 has a size of X Y X Z of 40mm X20 mm X8 mm, and the second MgO is LiNbO3The crystal 12 has a dimension of 8mm in the Z-axis direction, and the secondary Stokes light 13 passes through the second MgO LiNbO3The size of the crystal 12 in the direction is 40mm, and LiNbO is the second MgO3The length of the crystal 12 in the other dimension is 10 mm.
The first silicon prism 18 and the second silicon prism 19 are made of high-resistance silicon material and are respectively tightly attached to the second MgO LiNbO3On both the upper and lower sides of the crystal 12。
The first silicon prism 18 and the second silicon prism 19 have the same size, the size in the Z-axis direction is 8mm, the X-Y plane is a right-angle triangle, the two bottom angles are 40 degrees and 50 degrees respectively, the sizes of the two right-angle sides of the right-angle triangle are 40mm and 33.6mm respectively, wherein the right-angle side with the length of 40mm is tightly attached to the second MgO LiNbO3On the sides of the crystal 12.
First MgO LiNbO3The terahertz wave generated in the crystal 5 is not output.
The first secondary terahertz wave 16 exits approximately perpendicularly to the hypotenuse of the first silicon prism 18, and the second secondary terahertz wave 17 exits approximately perpendicularly to the hypotenuse of the second silicon prism 19.
According to the law of conservation of energy omegaP＝ωS+ωTAnd phase matching relation
The wavelength of Stokes light of each level and the frequency of terahertz waves of each level can be calculated. Wherein, ω isP、ωS、ωTRespectively the angular frequency of the pump light, the angular frequency of the Stokes light and the angular frequency of the terahertz wave, theta is the included angle between the pump light and the Stokes light, and kP、kS、kTRespectively as wave vectors of pump light, Stokes light and terahertz wave in the crystal,
(i＝P，S，T)，nithe refractive indexes of the pump light, the Stokes light and the terahertz wave in the crystal are respectively, and c is the light speed in vacuum.
In this embodiment, the angle θ between the pump light 2 and the primary Stokes light 9 is changed1As shown in fig. 2, a wide tuned primary Stokes light 9 can be obtained. When theta is1When the angle is changed from 0 to 2 degrees, the primary Stokes light 9 with the wavelength range of 1064 to 1079.6nm can be obtained. Theta when the wavelength of the primary Stokes light 9 is varied within the range of 1064-1079.6nm2When the angle is changed between 0 and 2 degrees, the terahertz wave with the frequency range of 0 to 4.07THz can be obtained.
The specific embodiments are given above, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. The basic idea of the present invention lies in the above basic scheme, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that no creative effort is needed to design various modified models, formulas and parameters according to the teaching of the present invention. Variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and still fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A double-inner-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator is characterized in that: comprises a pump source (1), a first MgO LiNbO3Crystal (5), second MgO LiNbO3A crystal (12), a first silicon prism (18), a second silicon prism (19), a pumping light recovery box (8), and LiNbO arranged at the first MgO3Crystal (5) and second MgO LiNbO3A mirror around the crystal (12);
the pumping light (2) emitted from the pumping source (1) is reflected by a first reflector (3) and a second reflector (4) and then enters a first MgO LiNbO3The crystal (5) generates first-level Stokes light (9) and first-level terahertz waves through an optical parametric effect, and the first-level Stokes light (9) is oscillated and amplified in a resonant cavity formed by a fifth reflector (10) and a sixth reflector (11); from the first MgO LiNbO3The pump light (2) emitted by the crystal (5) is reflected by a third reflector (6) and a fourth reflector (7) and then enters the first MgO LiNbO3A crystal (5) for generating a first-order Stokes light (9) and a first-order terahertz wave by an optical parametric effect, and generating a second-order terahertz wave from a first MgO LiNbO3The pump light (2) emitted by the crystal (5) is recycled by a pump light recycling box (8);
the first-order Stokes light (9) oscillating back and forth is incident on a second MgO LiNbO3The crystal (12) generates second-level Stokes light (13), first second-level terahertz waves (16) and second-level terahertz waves (17) through an optical parametric effect, the second-level Stokes light (13) is oscillated and amplified in a resonant cavity formed by a seventh reflector (14) and an eighth reflector (15), the first second-level terahertz waves (16) are coupled and output through a first silicon prism (18), and the second-level terahertz waves (16) are coupled and output through a second silicon prism (18)The terahertz waves (17) are coupled and output through a second silicon prism (19);
the pump light (2) is obliquely incident on the first MgO LiNbO3The crystal (5) is a first MgO LiNbO with the first-order Stokes light (9) vertically incident3Crystal (5) and first-order Stokes light (9) are obliquely incident to second MgO LiNbO3Crystal (12) and second Stokes light (13) vertically incident on second MgO LiNbO3A crystal (12);
the plane of beam propagation is the plane determined by the X axis and the Y axis, the Z axis is perpendicular to the plane of beam propagation, the propagation direction of the pump light (2) emitted from the pump source (1) is the X axis forward direction, and the included angle between the propagation direction of the pump light (2) recovered by the pump light recovery box (8) and the Y axis forward direction is an acute angle.
2. The dual-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the pump source (1) adopts a pulse laser, the wavelength is 1064nm, the repetition frequency is 10Hz, the single-pulse energy is 160mJ, the beam diameter is 3mm, and the polarization direction is the Z axis.
3. The dual-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the first reflector (3), the second reflector (4), the third reflector (6), the fourth reflector (7), the fifth reflector (10), the sixth reflector (11), the seventh reflector (14) and the eighth reflector (15) are plane mirrors, and the angles of the plane mirrors are adjustable.
4. The dual-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator of claim 3, wherein: the first reflector (3), the second reflector (4), the third reflector (6) and the fourth reflector (7) are used for totally reflecting the pump light (2) with the wavelength of 1064nm, the fifth reflector (10) and the sixth reflector (11) are used for totally reflecting the primary Stokes light (9) with the wavelength range of 1064-1090nm, and the seventh reflector (14) and the eighth reflector (15) are used for totally reflecting the secondary Stokes light (13) with the wavelength range of 1064-1120 nm.
5. The dual-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the first MgO is LiNbO3Crystal (5) and second MgO LiNbO3The crystals (12) are all cuboids, are rectangular in an X-Y plane, the MgO doping concentration is 5mol%, and the optical axis of the crystals is along the Z axis.
6. The dual-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator of claim 5, wherein: the first MgO is LiNbO3The crystal (5) has a size of X Y X Z of 40mm X20 mm X8 mm and a second MgO of LiNbO3The crystal (12) has a dimension of 8mm in the Z-axis direction, and the secondary Stokes light (13) passes through the second MgO LiNbO3The size of the crystal (12) in the direction is 40mm, and the second MgO is LiNbO3The length of the crystal (12) in the other dimension is 10 mm.
7. The dual-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the first silicon prism (18) and the second silicon prism (19) are both made of high-resistance silicon materials and are respectively tightly attached to the second MgO LiNbO3The crystal (12) is arranged on the upper side and the lower side.
8. The dual-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator of claim 7, wherein: the first silicon prism (18) and the second silicon prism (19) are the same in size, the size of the first silicon prism is 8mm in the Z-axis direction, the first silicon prism is a right-angle triangle in the X-Y plane, two bottom angles of the right-angle triangle are 40 degrees and 50 degrees respectively, the sizes of two right-angle sides of the right-angle triangle are 40mm and 33.6mm respectively, and the right-angle side with the length of 40mm is tightly attached to the second MgO LiNbO3On the sides of the crystal (12).
9. The dual-cavity terahertz wave parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein: the first MgO is LiNbO3The terahertz wave generated in the crystal (5) is not output.
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