CN110132895A - A kind of measuring device and measuring method of liquid refractivity - Google Patents
A kind of measuring device and measuring method of liquid refractivity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110132895A CN110132895A CN201910544955.6A CN201910544955A CN110132895A CN 110132895 A CN110132895 A CN 110132895A CN 201910544955 A CN201910544955 A CN 201910544955A CN 110132895 A CN110132895 A CN 110132895A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of measuring device and measuring method of liquid refractivity, including light source, light source is for issuing collimated light beam, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens are arranged in optical path, the horizontal light beam that light source issues is divided into the first light beam and the second light beam by semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, and the first light beam is radiated at fluid column to be measured, and the rainbow distribution of testing liquid is formed after being scattered, first line array CCD is used to record the rainbow distribution of testing liquid, and the first line array CCD and the second line array CCD are connect with computer；Second light beam is radiated on plane mirror, is radiated on standard fluid column after plane mirror reflects, and the rainbow distribution of normal fluid is formed after being scattered, rainbow of second line array CCD for record standard liquid is distributed；The present invention irradiates standard fluid column and fluid column to be measured by collimated light beam, in parallel at standard fluid column and fluid column to be measured, it is respectively formed single order rainbow, by parsing to obtain the refractive index of testing liquid to the single order rainbow at standard fluid column and fluid column to be measured, measurement method is simple, easily operated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of optical measuring technologies, in particular to the measuring device of a kind of liquid refractivity and measurement side
Method.
Background technique
In the numerous optical parameters of substance, refractive index is extremely important, and the properties such as purity, concentration and dispersion of substance can be transferred through
Refractive index is understood, except this refractive index also has close ties with some parameters such as thermo-optical coeffecient；Refractive index accurately measures
It is of great significance in industrial departments such as chemical plant, pharmaceutical factory and food factories.
In the prior art, the measurement method of liquid refractivity is varied, and common methods have:
1, laser irradiation, laser irradiation need the refraction of liquid and the reflection of liquid-covered when measuring refractive index；Tool
Bulk measurement process is the glass plate that laser is horizontally arranged in irradiating sample pond at a certain angle, by several hot spots on measurement wall
Between distance, substitute into using the available incidence angle of geometric knowledge, then by these data by Snell law and related geometrical relationship
In the liquid refractivity calculation formula derived, so that it may obtain the refractive index of this liquid；Disadvantage: spot center position cannot be quasi-
It determines, measuring result error is larger；
2, Diffraction grating, by Diffraction grating measure liquid refractivity when need to use laser, diffraction grating and cube
Body glass sample pond；Specific operation process: the laser beam datum for generating laser it is irradiated to the diffraction grating close to aquarium
On, not plus before testing liquid, Zero-order diffractive light beam spot and first-order diffraction light beam spot can gone out in aquarium rear wall diffraction；Addition
After testing liquid, first-order diffraction light beam is radiated at another point of rear wall after liquid refracting；Above-mentioned point label is being attached to cube
On graph paper on the outside of body glass sample pond, Bragg's equation is followed using first-order diffraction grating, determines the relationship of angle and length,
The calculation formula and Bragg's equation for seeking refractive index are obtained further according to Snell law, by measuring or utilizing Pythagorean theorem indirect
Desired length is obtained to replace the angle in formula finally to acquire the refractive index of the liquid；Disadvantage: operation difficulty is very big；
3, optical interferometry, the method are measured using Michelson's interferometer, and measurement thought is existed by measuring light
Light path in testing medium, then the thickness of testing medium is measured to measure refractive index；Defect: the method needs to find interference item
Line, it is complicated for operation, it is only applicable to upper and lower surface solid determinand in homogeneous thickness in parallel；
4, fiber grating mensuration is core measurement device using asymmetrical ultra-long-period fiber grating is laterally sold off,
The variation of ambient temperature of testing liquid is first measured by the high-order resonance peak of ultra-long-period fiber grating, then is measured by low order resonance peak
The common variation of the temperature and refractive index of liquid, the finally survey using the temperature measurement result of high-order resonance peak to low order resonance peak
Amount result is corrected, and realizes the measurement to liquid refractivity under condition of different temperatures；Defect: principle is complicated, at high cost.
Summary of the invention
For the technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of measuring device of liquid refractivity and surveys
Amount method, larger to solve measurement liquid refractivity resultant error in the prior art, complicated for operation and higher cost technology is asked
Topic.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of measuring device of liquid refractivity, including it is light source, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, plane mirror, to be measured
Fluid column, the first line array CCD, computer, standard fluid column and the second line array CCD, light source is for issuing collimated light beam, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens
It is arranged in optical path, the horizontal light beam that light source issues is divided into the first light beam and the second light beam by semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, and the first light beam shines
The rainbow distribution for forming testing liquid after fluid column to be measured scattering in fluid column to be measured is penetrated, the first line array CCD is for recording prepare liquid
The single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution of body；Second light beam is radiated on plane mirror, and standard fluid column is radiated at after plane mirror reflects
On, the rainbow distribution of normal fluid is formed after the scattering of standard fluid column, single order of second line array CCD for record standard liquid is color
Rainbow scattering intensity distribution；Fluid column to be measured is identical as the diameter dimension of standard fluid column, and normal fluid is liquid known to refractive index；The
One line array CCD and the second line array CCD are connect with computer.
Further, light source, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens and plane mirror are collinearly arranged, and fluid column to be measured and the setting of the first line array CCD exist
The line of the side of light source, fluid column to be measured and the first line array CCD is parallel with the line of light source and plane mirror；Standard fluid column and second
The other side of light source is arranged in line array CCD, and the line and light source of standard fluid column and the second line array CCD and the line of plane mirror are flat
Row.
Further, including the first conduit, first support, the first syringe pump, the second conduit, second support and second are injected
The side of light source, the second conduit, second support and the second injection is arranged in pump, the first conduit, first support and the first syringe pump
The other side of light source is arranged in pump；One end of first conduit is fixed in first support straight down, the other end of the first conduit
It is connect with the first syringe pump, the first syringe pump for testing liquid to be injected into the first conduit, simultaneously lead first by testing liquid
Fluid column to be measured is formed at the nozzle 1mm of pipe；One end of second conduit is fixed straight down on the secondary support bracket, the second conduit it is another
One end is connect with the second syringe pump, and the second syringe pump is for normal fluid to be injected into the second conduit, and normal fluid is second
Standard fluid column is formed at the nozzle 1mm of conduit.
It further, further include the first runing rest and the second runing rest, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens setting is in the first rotation branch
On frame, plane mirror is arranged on the second runing rest；The rotation angle accuracy of first runing rest and the second runing rest is
0.017°。
It further, further include the first sliding rail, the second sliding rail and third sliding rail parallel to each other, the second sliding rail is arranged first
The other side of the first sliding rail is arranged in the side of sliding rail, third sliding rail；Light source, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens and plane mirror are successively set on
On one sliding rail；Fluid column to be measured and the first line array CCD are slidably arranged on the second sliding rail, and standard fluid column and the second line array CCD (8) are set
It sets on third sliding rail.
Further, light source uses He-Ne laser.
Further, the injection flow velocity setting range of the first syringe pump and the second syringe pump is 0.1ml/h-1600ml/h,
Minimum resolution 0.1ml/h.
Further, the first line array CCD and the second line array CCD are all made of SG-14-01k80-00-R type line array CCD.
The present invention also provides a kind of measurement methods of liquid refractivity, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 opens light source, adjusts semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, it is ensured that can receive testing liquid on the first line array CCD just
Rainbow distribution；Adjust plane mirror, it is ensured that the second line array CCD can receive the rainbow distribution of normal fluid just；
Step 2 carries out angle calibration to the fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution to be measured of the first line array CCD record, will
Fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution to be measured is converted to the relationship between scattering angle and scattering strength；To the second line array CCD
The standard fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution of record carries out angle calibration, by fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution to be measured
Be converted to the relationship between scattering angle and scattering strength；
Step 3 extracts completely in carrying out the standard fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution after angle calibration
Airy structure, and obtain the difference Δ θ of fluid column firsts and seconds Airy peak angle to be measured position1, and Δ θ1Mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
Δθ1=2.816627h0 1/3·α-2/3；
Wherein, h0For standard fluid column rainbow wave-front curvature three times,
m0For the refractive index of fluid column to be measured；
α is dimensionless size parameter；
Complete Airy knot is extracted in the single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution for carrying out the fluid column to be measured after angle calibration
Structure, and obtain the difference Δ θ of fluid column firsts and seconds Airy peak angle to be measured position2, and Δ θ2Mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
Δθ2=2.816627h1 1/3·α-2/3；
Wherein, h1For fluid column rainbow to be measured wave-front curvature three times,
M is the refractive index of fluid column to be measured；
The difference of step 4, solution standard fluid column and the firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position in fluid column Airy structure to be measured
Ratio k, the mathematic(al) representation of k are as follows:
Step 5, according to the difference of the firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position in standard fluid column and fluid column Airy structure to be measured
Ratio k obtains the refractive index m inversion formula of fluid column to be measured are as follows:
Wherein, h0For the rainbow wave-front curvature three times of standard fluid column:
The refractive index m inversion formula for solving fluid column to be measured, obtains the refractive index m of fluid column to be measured.
Further, use EMD analysis method to the one of fluid column or standard fluid column to be measured after progress angle calibration in step 3
After rank rainbow scatter intensity distribution is filtered, the single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution of fluid column to be measured or standard fluid column is obtained
In complete Airy structure.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
The present invention provides a kind of measuring devices of liquid refractivity, irradiate standard fluid column and prepare liquid by collimated light beam
Column is respectively formed single order rainbow in parallel at standard fluid column and fluid column to be measured, by one at standard fluid column and fluid column to be measured
The parsing of rank rainbow obtains the refractive index of testing liquid；Measuring device of the present invention is simple, easily operated, and measurement structure is accurate.
Further, by the way that three parallel sliding tracks are arranged, pass through fluid column to be measured or standard fluid column and the first line array CCD or the
The distance between two line array CCD camera lenses determine the measurement angular breadth of the first line array CCD and the second line array CCD, recycle plane mirror
It rotates angle and angular breadth determines the range of scatter angles of measurement, it is very accurate using the methods and results of relative measurement.
Further, control the injection speed of fluid column to be measured and standard fluid column by using syringe pump, normal fluid and to
Survey liquid by being respectively formed stable fluid column at the nozzle 1mm of the first conduit and the second conduit, it is ensured that test result it is accurate
Property.
The present invention also provides a kind of measurement methods of liquid refractivity, pass through measurement measurement standard liquid and testing liquid
The ratio of the difference of the firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position of the single order rainbow of the fluid column of formation and the parsing relationship of refractive index calculate
Obtain the refractive index of relatively accurate testing liquid；Measurement method of the present invention is simple, easily operated realization；By using
Optical means has highly sensitive feature, can realize on-line measurement in conjunction with software for calculation.
Further, using Empirical mode decomposition (EMD analysis method) to cylindrical column single order rainbow scattering strength
Distribution is filtered, and extracts complete Airy structure from single order rainbow scattering strength signal；Since EMD is analyzed always in sky
Between domain carry out, without carrying out the conversion and inverse conversion of spatial domain and frequency domain, avoid the spatial offset of signal.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of measuring device structural schematic diagram of liquid refractivity of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of measurement method schematic diagram of liquid refractivity of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that light reflects and refractive light paths schematic diagram in fluid column section in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the cylindrical column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution that Lorentz-Mie theoretical modeling is utilized in the present invention
Figure, wherein indicating is relational graph between scattering angle and scattering strength；
Fig. 5 is cylindrical column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution figure in the present invention, wherein indicating pixel unit and scattering
Relational graph between intensity；
Fig. 6 is the heretofore described measurable angular breadth structural schematic diagram of line array CCD camera lens；
Fig. 7 is that the EMD of cylindrical column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution figure in the present invention analyzes result；
Fig. 8 is the complete Airy structure in the present invention in cylindrical column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution.
Wherein, 1 light source, 2 semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens, 3 plane mirrors, 4 fluid columns to be measured, 5 first line array CCDs, 6 computers, 7 titers
Column, 8 second line array CCDs, 9 first runing rests, 10 second runing rests, 11 first sliding rails, 12 second sliding rails, 13 thirds are sliding
Rail；101 first light beams, 102 second light beams；41 first conduits, 42 first supports, 43 first syringe pumps；71 second conduits, 72
Two brackets, 73 second syringe pumps.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
With reference to shown in attached drawing 1,2, the present invention provides a kind of measuring device of liquid refractivity, including it is light source 1, semi-transparent
Semi-reflective mirror 2, plane mirror 3, fluid column to be measured 4, the first linear array CCD5, computer 6, standard fluid column 7, the rotation of the second line array CCD 8, first
Turn bracket 9, the second runing rest 10, the first sliding rail 11, the second sliding rail 12 and third sliding rail 13.
Light source 1 uses laser, and light source 1 is for issuing collimated light beam；The optical path of collimated light beam is arranged in semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2
On, the collimated light beam that light source 1 issues is divided into the first light beam 101 and the second light beam 102 by semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, and the first light beam 101 shines
It penetrates on fluid column 4 to be measured, after fluid column 4 to be measured scattering, forms the rainbow distribution of testing liquid；First linear array CCD5 is for recording
The single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution of testing liquid；Second light beam 102 is radiated on standard fluid column 7 after the reflection of plane mirror 3, is passed through
Standard fluid column 7 forms the rainbow distribution of normal fluid after scattering, standard fluid column 7 is using normal fluid known to refractive index and wavelength
It is formed, the second line array CCD 8 is used for the single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution of record standard liquid；First linear array CCD5 and the second line
Battle array CCD8 is connect with computer 6.
Light source 1, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2 and plane mirror 3 are collinearly arranged, and fluid column 4 to be measured and the first linear array CCD5 are arranged in light source 1
Side, the line of fluid column 4 to be measured and the first linear array CCD5 is parallel with the line of light source 1 and plane mirror 3；Standard fluid column 7 and
The other side of light source 1, the line and light source (1) and plane mirror 3 of standard fluid column 7 and the second line array CCD 8 is arranged in two linear array CCD8
Line it is parallel.
First sliding rail 11, the second sliding rail 12 and third sliding rail 13 are disposed in parallel relation to one another, and the setting of the second sliding rail 12 is sliding first
The other side of the first sliding rail 11 is arranged in the side of rail 11, third sliding rail 13；Light source 1 is mounted on the first sliding rail by bracket slide
On 11, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2 are slidably mounted on the first sliding rail 11 by the first runing rest 9, and plane mirror 3 passes through the second rotation branch
Frame 10 is slidably mounted on the first sliding rail 11；First support 42 is slidably arranged on the second sliding rail 12, the first linear array CCD5 sliding
It is arranged on the second sliding rail 12；Second support 72 is slidably arranged on third sliding rail 13, and the second line array CCD 8 is slidably arranged in
On three sliding rails 13.
One end of first conduit 41 is fixed on straight down in first support 42, the other end and the first note of the first conduit 41
Penetrate 43 connection of pump；First syringe pump 43 is for testing liquid to be injected into the first conduit 42, and testing liquid is in the first conduit 41
Nozzle 1mm at form stable fluid column to be measured 4；One end of second conduit 71 is fixed on straight down in second support 72, the
The other end of two conduits 71 is connect with the second syringe pump 73；Second syringe pump 73 is used to normal fluid being injected into the second conduit 71
Interior, normal fluid forms stable standard fluid column 7 at the nozzle 1mm of the second conduit 71；First conduit 41 and the second conduit 71
It is all made of circular pipe, the dimensions of circular pipe is identical, the fluid column to be measured 4 of formation and the diameter dimension phase of standard fluid column 7
Together.
Measuring principle:
With reference to shown in attached drawing 3, attached drawing 3 gives the optical path signal that liquid is flowed out the fluid column section formed by circular pipe
Figure；After liquid is flowed out by circular pipe, cylindrical column is formed, it is assumed that the radius of cylindrical column is R, refractive index m；
Wavelength is used to irradiate cylindrical column for the parallel input light of λ, parallel input light includes light 1 and light 2, light
1 emergent ray 1 ' after cylindrical column inner surface reflection, emergent ray 1 ' and parallel input light direction of illumination it
Between angle be θ；According to geometrical optical characteristic, for angle theta there are a minimum, the minimum of angle theta is known as geometric optics coloured silk
Hong Jiao；The size at geometric optics rainbow angle is only related with testing liquid refractive index m.
Single color plane wave is incident on the fluid column that radius is R, emergent ray after an inner surface reflection is undergone to be formed
Rainbow be known as single order rainbow, there are some strength distribution near geometric optics rainbow angle, which can be by single order coloured silk
Rainbow scattering intensity indicates.
With reference to shown in attached drawing 4, in the relational graph of cylindrical column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution and scattering angle, including
Airy structure and Ripple structure, Airy structure undergo a cylinder by the parallel rays near single order rainbow geometric optics angle
The interference of emergent ray is formed after the reflection of shape fluid column inner surface, and Ripple structure passes through the direct reflected light on cylindrical column surface
The emergent ray interference after a fluid column inner surface reflection is undergone with parallel rays.
Theoretical according to the Airy of cylindrical column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution, the scattering of cylindrical column single order rainbow is strong
Level-one Airy peak angle position θ in degree distribution1Mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
Wherein, θrgFor single order rainbow geometric optics angle；
α is dimensionless size parameter,
H is rainbow wave-front curvature three times,
Second level Airy peak angle position θ in cylindrical column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution2Mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
The mathematic(al) representation of the difference Δ θ of firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position are as follows:
Δ θ=θ2-θ1=2.816627h1/3·α-2/3 (3)。
By above-mentioned formula (1)-(3) it is found that the difference Δ θ of firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position is by liquid refractivity m and diameter D
It influences；Therefore, the present invention in using the difference Δ θ of firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position come inverting liquid refractivity m；
Two diameters of setting standard fluid column and fluid column to be measured are the cylindrical column of D, the level-one of measurement standard fluid column
Airy peak angle position and second level Airy peak angle position obtain the difference Δ θ of the firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position of standard fluid column1；
The level-one Airy peak angle position and second level Airy peak angle position for measuring fluid column to be measured, obtain the firsts and seconds Airy of fluid column to be measured
The difference Δ θ of peak angle position2, since the diameter of standard fluid column and fluid column to be measured is D, as Δ θ1With Δ θ2When making quotient, ratio disappears
The influence of diameter is fallen.
The Δ θ of different standard fluid columns1With the Δ θ of fluid column to be measured2Ratio it is different, it is to be measured but after fluid column to be measured determination
The Δ θ of fluid column1With the Δ θ of standard fluid column2Ratio uniquely determine.
The Δ θ of tentative standard fluid column1With the Δ θ of fluid column to be measured2Ratio be denoted as k, therefore, the mathematic(al) representation of k are as follows:
Therefore, it when measurement obtains normal fluid and the respective firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position of testing liquid, counts respectively
Calculation obtains the firsts and seconds Airy peak angle alternate position spike Δ θ of standard fluid column1And the firsts and seconds Airy peak angle of fluid column to be measured
Alternate position spike Δ θ2；Further according to Δ θ1With Δ θ2It is calculated, the Δ θ of standard fluid column1With the Δ θ of fluid column to be measured2Ratio k
The refractive index m of fluid column to be measured is obtained, the inversion formula of the refractive index m of fluid column to be measured is as follows；
Wherein, h0For standard fluid column rainbow wave-front curvature three times,m0For the folding of standard fluid column
Penetrate rate；
Then the refractive index m that can directly obtain fluid column to be measured is solved equation using matlab.
Since the result of the single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution for the cylindrical column for using line array CCD measurement to obtain is correspondence
Relationship between pixel unit and scattering strength, with reference to shown in attached drawing 5；Therefore the pixel list to line array CCD in its result is needed
Member carries out angle calibration, the relationship between scattering angle and scattering strength is obtained, with reference to shown in attached drawing 4.
When carrying out angle calibration to the pixel unit of line array CCD, with reference to shown in attached drawing 6, according to geometrical relationship, line array CCD
Angle of the angle of scattering between semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens or plane mirror and baseline at pixel centerTwice, baseline and collimated light beam
Vertically,For the rotation angle of semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens or plane mirror；And due between cylindrical column and line array CCD pixel planes
It is apart from the measurable angular breadth of line array CCD camera lens determinedAfter line array CCD pixel unit carries out angle calibration, what is obtained dissipates
Elevation range is
According to after line array CCD pixel unit angle calibration as a result, single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution is by respective pixel list
Relationship between member and scattering strength, is converted to the relationship between scattering angle and scattering strength, with reference to shown in attached drawing 4.
With reference to shown in attached drawing 4, due in cylindrical column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution and the relational graph of scattering angle,
Including Ripple structure, the level-one Airy peak angle position of cylindrical column single order rainbow can not directly measure acquisition.
Using Empirical mode decomposition (Empirical Mode Decomposition, EMD) to fluid column one in the present invention
Rank rainbow scattering strength signal is filtered, and extracts complete Airy structure from single order rainbow scattering strength signal.
EMD is a kind of Scale separation algorithm, extracts complete Airy from single order rainbow scattering strength signal using EMD
Structure, comprising the following steps:
S1, all extreme points for determining original rainbow sequence I (θ) are made of with cubic spline curve construction maximum point
Coenvelope line u (θ) and the lower envelope line v (θ) being made of minimum point calculates the equal value sequence of envelope up and down, upper and lower envelope
The mathematic(al) representation of equal value sequence are as follows:
S2, using former rainbow sequence I (θ) and equal value sequence p (θ), calculate original rainbow sequence I (θ) and equal value sequence p (θ)
Sequence of differences q (θ), the mathematic(al) representation of sequence of differences q (θ) are as follows:
Q (θ)=I (θ)-p (θ) (8)；
S3, judge whether sequence of differences q (θ) meets: a) extreme point quantity it is equal with zeroaxial quantity or at most only poor one
It is a；It b) is 0 in the mean value of envelope up and down of arbitrary point q (θ)；
S4, q (θ) is the first high frequency mode IMF1 decomposited if meeting；
If S5, being unsatisfactory for repeating to take the equal value sequence of envelope, then calculating difference sequence up and down to q (θ), until sequence of differences
Meet stop condition, the sequence of differences for meeting stop condition is the first high frequency mode IMF1 decomposited；
S6, IMF1 is subtracted using I (θ), residual components is continued to repeat above-mentioned S1-S5, until isolating whole mode sequences
Column, obtain the mathematic(al) representation of former rainbow sequence I (θ) are as follows:
Therefore, above formula (9) indicates that single order rainbow scattering strength signal is broken down into n mode function IMF (θ) and one residual
The sum of remaining components R (θ).
With reference to shown in attached drawing 7,8, the EMD that attached drawing 7 gives simulation rainbow signal is analyzed as a result, single order rainbow scattering strength
Signal is to be superimposed formation again by interfering between several light, therefore, is analyzed the EMD of single order rainbow scattering strength signal,
It is considered as the inverse decomposition to this superposition, it follows that the first IMF1 and second mode IMF2 represent the Ripple of rainbow
The component of structure, third mode IMF3 represent the component of the Airy structure of rainbow, last represents being averaged for rainbow signal
Trend.Since EMD is carried out in spatial domain always, without carrying out the conversion and inverse conversion of spatial domain and frequency domain, signal is avoided
Spatial offset, by one of the available cylindrical column single order rainbow of Airy structure components in the EMD result of rainbow signal,
The difference of second level Airy peak angle position, with reference to shown in attached drawing 8.
The present invention also provides a kind of measurement methods of liquid refractivity, comprising the following steps:
Testing liquid is formed fluid column 4 to be measured at 41 nozzle 1mm of the first conduit by the first syringe pump 43 by step 1, is led to
It crosses the second syringe pump 73 and normal fluid is formed into standard fluid column 7 at 71 nozzle 1mm of the second conduit；
Step 2 opens light source 1, rotation and mobile semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, it is ensured that can receive just on the first linear array CCD5
The single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution signal of testing liquid, and the range of scatter angles that the first linear array CCD5 measurement is calculated isWherein,For the rotation angle of semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, it is semi-transparent half that semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens 2, which rotate angle,
Angle between anti-mirror and baseline, baseline are vertical with collimated light beam；For the first measurable angular breadth of linear array CCD5 camera lens,It is determined by distance between 4 center of fluid column to be measured and the first linear array CCD5；
Rotation and movable plane mirror 3, it is ensured that the second line array CCD 8 can receive the single order rainbow scattering of normal fluid just
Intensity distribution, and the range of scatter angles that the measurement of the second line array CCD 8 is calculated isWherein,
For the rotation angle of plane mirror 3, angle of the rotation angle of plane mirror 3 between plane mirror and baseline, baseline and collimated light beam
Vertically；For the measurable angular breadth of 8 camera lens of the second line array CCD,By between 4 center of fluid column to be measured and the first linear array CCD5
Distance determines
Step 3, the range of scatter angles measured using the first linear array CCD5, to the fluid column to be measured one of the first linear array CCD5 record
Rank rainbow scatter intensity distribution carry out angle calibration, by fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution to be measured be converted to scattering angle with
Relationship between scattering strength；The range of scatter angles measured using the second line array CCD 8, to the standard of the second line array CCD 8 record
Fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution carries out angle calibration, and fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution to be measured is converted to scattering
Relationship between angle and scattering strength；
Step 4, the fluid column to be measured and standard fluid column that the relationship used between scattering angle and scattering strength is indicated respectively
Single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution carry out EMD analysis, obtain extracting in the single order rainbow scattering strength signal of testing liquid
Complete Airy structure is extracted in complete Airy structure and standard fluid column single order rainbow scattering strength signal；
Step 5 extracts complete Airy in standard fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution, obtains standard fluid column level-one
With the difference Δ θ of second level Airy peak angle position1, Δ θ1Mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
Δθ1=2.816627h0 1/3·α-2/3；
Wherein, h0For standard fluid column rainbow wave-front curvature three times,m0For the folding of fluid column to be measured
Penetrate rate；
α is dimensionless size parameter；
It is extracted in complete Airy structure in the single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution of testing liquid, obtains fluid column one to be measured
The difference Δ θ of grade and second level Airy peak angle position2, Δ θ2Mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
Δθ2=2.816627h1 1/3·α-2/3；
Wherein, h1For fluid column rainbow to be measured wave-front curvature three times,M is fluid column to be measured
Refractive index；
The difference of step 6, solution standard fluid column and the firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position in fluid column Airy structure to be measured
Ratio k, the mathematic(al) representation of k are as follows:
Step 7, according to the difference of the firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position in standard fluid column and fluid column Airy structure to be measured
Ratio k obtains the refractive index m inversion formula of fluid column to be measured are as follows:
Finally, solving equation the refractive index m inversion formula for solving fluid column to be measured using matlab, the refraction of fluid column to be measured is obtained
Rate m.
Embodiment
The first syringe pump 43 is used to generate testing liquid fluid column 4 to be measured in the present invention, and the second syringe pump 73 will be for that will mark
Quasi- liquid generates standard fluid column 7；The parameter selection of first syringe pump 43 and the second syringe pump 73 are as follows: injecting flow velocity setting range is
0.1ml/h-1600ml/h；Minimum resolution 0.1ml/h；Injection total amount setting range is 0.1ml-9999.9ml；Syringe pump
Use environment temperature is 5 DEG C -43 DEG C；Injection precision is ± 3%.
The capillary inside diameter 0.8mm being connected with syringe in syringe pump, outer diameter 1.6mm.
Light source 1 uses He-Ne laser, and He-Ne laser wins the model HNL150L laser of company's production using Soret
Device, the wavelength 632.8nm for the parallel rays that laser issues, power 15mW, linearly polarized light output.
First linear array CCD5 is used to record the rainbow distribution of testing liquid, and the second line array CCD 8 is for record standard liquid
Rainbow distribution；First linear array CCD5 and the second line array CCD 8 are all made of high speed linear array CCD, and the parameter of high speed linear array CCD is as follows: as
Element is 14 μm；Minimum 300 frames of acquisition rate/second, maximum 68000 frames/second, every frame data point quantity are 1024.
The present invention decomposes rainbow signal using Empirical mode decomposition, can not only obtain complete Airy points
Amount, there are also good denoisings to act on；Three parallel sliding tracks are set, linear array is determined away from line array CCD distance of camera lens by fluid column center
The measurement angular breadth of CCD recycles plane mirror rotation angle and angular breadth to determine that the range of scatter angles of measurement, this method utilize phase
It is very accurate to the methods and results of measurement；Injection speed, that is, injection pressure is controlled using syringe pump, liquid finally passes through one and erects
Straight tubule, capillary inside diameter determines, stable fluid column is formed at nozzle 1mm.
The above only indicates the preferred embodiment of the present invention, anyone makes in the case where not departing from the principle of the present invention
Malformation, improvements and modifications etc., these deformation, improvements and modifications etc. are accordingly to be regarded as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of measuring device of liquid refractivity, which is characterized in that including light source (1), semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2), plane mirror
(3), fluid column (4) to be measured, the first line array CCD (5), computer (6), standard fluid column (7) and the second line array CCD (8), light source (1)
For issuing collimated light beam, semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2) are arranged in optical path, the horizon light that semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2) issue light source (1)
Beam is divided into the first light beam (101) and the second light beam (102), and the first light beam (101) is radiated at fluid column to be measured (4), through fluid column to be measured
(4) the rainbow distribution of testing liquid is formed after scattering, the first line array CCD (5) is used to record the single order rainbow scattering of testing liquid
Intensity distribution；Second light beam (102) is radiated on plane mirror (3), is radiated on standard fluid column (7) after plane mirror (3) reflection,
The rainbow distribution of normal fluid is formed after standard fluid column (7) scattering, the second line array CCD (8) is used for the one of record standard liquid
Rank rainbow scatter intensity distribution；Fluid column (4) to be measured is identical as the diameter dimension of standard fluid column (7), normal fluid be refractive index
The liquid known；First line array CCD (5) and the second line array CCD (8) are connect with computer (6).
2. a kind of measuring device of liquid refractivity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that light source (1), semi-transparent semi-reflecting
Mirror (2) and plane mirror (3) are collinearly arranged, and fluid column (4) to be measured and the first line array CCD (5) are arranged in the side of light source (1), to be measured
The line of fluid column (4) and the first line array CCD (5) is parallel with the line of light source (1) and plane mirror (3)；Standard fluid column (7) and second
Line array CCD (8) setting in the other side of light source (1), the line of standard fluid column (7) and the second line array CCD (8) and light source (1) and
The line of plane mirror (3) is parallel.
3. a kind of measuring device of liquid refractivity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including the first conduit
(41), first support (42), the first syringe pump (43), the second conduit (71), second support (72) and the second syringe pump (73), the
One conduit (41), first support (42) and the first syringe pump (43) are arranged in the side of light source (1), the second conduit (71), second
Bracket (72) and the second syringe pump (73) are arranged in the other side of light source (1)；One end of first conduit (41) is fixed straight down
On first support (42), the other end of the first conduit (41) is connect with the first syringe pump (43), and the first syringe pump (43) is used for
Testing liquid is injected into the first conduit (41), testing liquid simultaneously forms prepare liquid at the nozzle 1mm of the first conduit (41)
Column (4)；One end of second conduit (71) is fixed on straight down on second support (72), the other end of the second conduit (71) and
Two syringe pumps (73) connection, the second syringe pump (73) are used to for normal fluid being injected into the second conduit (71), and normal fluid exists
Standard fluid column is formed at the nozzle 1mm of second conduit (71).
4. a kind of measuring device of liquid refractivity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include the first rotation branch
Frame (9) and the second runing rest (10), semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2) are arranged on the first runing rest (9), and plane mirror (3) setting exists
On second runing rest (10)；The rotation angle accuracy of first runing rest (9) and the second runing rest (10) is 0.017 °.
5. a kind of measuring device of liquid refractivity according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include parallel to each other
One sliding rail (11), the second sliding rail (12) and third sliding rail (13), the second sliding rail (12) are arranged in the side of the first sliding rail (11), the
Three sliding rails (13) are arranged in the other side of the first sliding rail (11)；Light source (1), semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2) and plane mirror (3) are set gradually
On the first sliding rail (11)；Fluid column (4) to be measured and the first line array CCD (5) are slidably arranged on the second sliding rail (12), standard fluid column
(7) it is arranged on third sliding rail (13) with the second line array CCD (8).
6. a kind of measuring device of liquid refractivity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that light source (1) uses He-Ne
Laser.
7. a kind of measuring device of liquid refractivity according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the first syringe pump (43) and
The injection flow velocity setting range of second syringe pump (73) is 0.1ml/h-1600ml/h, minimum resolution 0.1ml/h.
8. a kind of measuring device of liquid refractivity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first line array CCD (5) and
Second line array CCD (8) is all made of SG-14-01k80-00-R type line array CCD.
9. a kind of measurement method of liquid refractivity, which is characterized in that utilize a kind of liquid described in claim 1-8 any one
The measuring device of body refractive index, comprising the following steps:
Step 1 opens light source (1), adjusts semi-transparent semi-reflecting lens (2), it is ensured that can receive just on the first line array CCD (5) to be measured
The rainbow of liquid is distributed；It adjusts plane mirror (3), it is ensured that the second line array CCD (8) can receive the rainbow point of normal fluid just
Cloth；
Step 2 carries out angle calibration to the fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution to be measured of the first line array CCD (5) record, will be to
It surveys fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution and is converted to the relationship between scattering angle and scattering strength；To the second line array CCD (8)
The standard fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution of record carries out angle calibration, by fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution to be measured
Be converted to the relationship between scattering angle and scattering strength；
Step 3 extracts complete Airy knot in carrying out the standard fluid column single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution after angle calibration
Structure, and obtain the difference Δ θ of fluid column firsts and seconds Airy peak angle to be measured position1, and Δ θ1Mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
Δθ1=2.816627h0 1/3·α-2/3；
Wherein, h0For standard fluid column rainbow wave-front curvature three times,
m0For the refractive index of fluid column to be measured；
α is dimensionless size parameter；
Complete Airy structure is extracted in the single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution for carrying out the fluid column to be measured after angle calibration, and
Obtain the difference Δ θ of fluid column firsts and seconds Airy peak angle to be measured position2, and Δ θ2Mathematic(al) representation are as follows:
Wherein, h1For fluid column rainbow to be measured wave-front curvature three times,
M is the refractive index of fluid column to be measured；
The ratio of the difference of step 4, solution standard fluid column and the firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position in fluid column Airy structure to be measured
The mathematic(al) representation of k, k are as follows:
Step 5, the ratio according to the difference of the firsts and seconds Airy peak angle position in standard fluid column and fluid column Airy structure to be measured
K obtains the refractive index m inversion formula of fluid column to be measured are as follows:
Wherein, h0For the rainbow wave-front curvature three times of standard fluid column:
The refractive index m inversion formula for solving fluid column to be measured, obtains the refractive index m of fluid column to be measured.
10. a kind of measurement method of liquid refractivity according to claim 9, which is characterized in that use EMD in step 3
Analysis method is filtered the single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution of fluid column or standard fluid column to be measured after progress angle calibration
Afterwards, complete Airy structure in the single order rainbow scatter intensity distribution of fluid column to be measured or standard fluid column is obtained.
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| CN116399831A (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-07-07 | 广东麦特维逊医学研究发展有限公司 | Refractive index detection device and detection method |
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