CN110132745A - A kind of method and device of indirect reflection metal material impact toughness - Google Patents
A kind of method and device of indirect reflection metal material impact toughness Download PDFInfo
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- CN110132745A CN110132745A CN201910358181.8A CN201910358181A CN110132745A CN 110132745 A CN110132745 A CN 110132745A CN 201910358181 A CN201910358181 A CN 201910358181A CN 110132745 A CN110132745 A CN 110132745A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and devices of metal material impact toughness of reflection indirectly, including rack, loading device and displacement sensor are provided in the rack, the telescopic end of the loading device is provided with head, head includes service portion and shank, and pressure sensor is provided between the service portion and shank, and institute's displacement sensors are parallel to the telescopic direction setting of loading device, the fixed part of displacement sensor is connect with rack, the telescopic end connection of movable part and loading device；It is loaded using head to sample；Head change in displacement is recorded in loading procedure, and records the variation of sample pressure corresponding to the change in displacement；According to function W done in the force-displacement curve of record calculating loading procedure.The impact flexibility for reflecting material by the value of this function W, under identical conditions, for the sample of identical size, the W value measured is bigger, shows that the impact flexibility of material is better.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of impact flexibility test methods, and in particular to a kind of to reflect metal material impact toughness indirectly
Method；
While a kind of more particularly to device for the method that can be applied to reflect indirectly metal material impact toughness.
Background technique
The impact flexibility of metal material refers to the ability that metal material absorbs energy in plastic deformation and fracture process, it
It is the comprehensive mechanical index embodied and metal material is critically important of metal material plasticity and intensity, impact flexibility is lower
Illustrate that material notch sensitivity is higher, be easy to happen brittle fracture, the impact flexibility the good, a possibility that brittle fracture occurs
With regard to smaller.It all has higher requirements to it in nearly all field of employment, such as boilers and pressure vessel, high-voltage tube, fashioned iron isostructuralism
Material and various weld seams and its heat affected area etc..
Metal Charpy notch impact test (GB/T 229-2007) is the method for current common detection impact flexibility, should
Method needs to be prepared with the test button of certain shapes and size, and make it have U-shaped or V-notch (can not open under a few cases
Notch), one-shot is made with the pendulum that testing machine lifts on charpy impact test machine, sample is made to fracture along notch, with fractureing
When the difference in height that rises again of pendulum calculate the absorption function of sample, absorb that function is higher, then the impact flexibility of measured material is better.
This is a kind of effective method of maturation, but problem is that this method is very high to Process machining of specimens required precision, especially
It is the machining accuracy of gap portions, if the precision of standard requirements or each sample is not achieved not in the machining accuracy at the position
Unanimously, the result of impact test will be more dispersed, and the material high to notch sensitivity is with regard to even more serious.In addition, this method needs
More working hour and testing cost are spent, so as to cause cannot directly and quickly test sample to be tested, greatly reduces life
Produce the detection efficiency and production efficiency at scene.Size is not achieved simultaneously the sample of processing request, testing result is also invalid
Data.
Based on above-mentioned status, present invention uses a kind of simple and efficient test methods and device, only need to be to metal to be measured
Material sample, which is simply processed, to be measured its impact flexibility, and live metal material impact toughness can be greatly improved in this way
Detection efficiency and production efficiency, economy and practicability are it is clear that be a kind of efficiently and effectively detection method.And it can be more
Efficiently whether qualified to the impact flexibility of product or material selective mechanisms are carried out conducive to being applied to.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: a kind of method and device of metal material impact toughness of reflection indirectly is proposed, is passed through
To tested sample load test, function W done in loading procedure is calculated, it is tough come the impact for reflecting material by the value of this function W
Property, under identical conditions, for the sample of identical size, the W value measured is bigger, shows that the impact flexibility of material is better.
To achieve the goals above, present invention employs following technical solutions:
A kind of method of indirect reflection metal material impact toughness, comprising:
It is loaded using head to sample；
Head change in displacement is recorded in loading procedure, and records the change of sample pressure corresponding to the change in displacement
Change；
Function W done in loading procedure is calculated according to the change in displacement of record and pressure change.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: power-displacement coordinate system is established, and according to position
It moves variation and pressure change draws force-displacement curve in the coordinate system；
Head is calculated to sample work done W according to force-displacement curve.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: function W is shadow part below force-displacement curve
The area divided.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: the calculation formula of the function W are as follows:
Wherein SiFor micro-displacement section (SiSmaller, i value is also bigger, and result is more accurate), FiFor SiIt is upper corresponding flat
Equal force value.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: setting displacement sensor is for experiencing pressure
The reaction force change that pressure sensor is used to experience the application of sample suffered by head is arranged in head change in displacement on head
Change；
Displacement sensor and pressure sensor are connect with computer system, and by computer system according to displacement sensor
Function W is calculated with the data information of pressure sensor input.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: by computer system according to displacement sensor
Power-displacement coordinate system is established with the data information of pressure sensor input, and draws force-displacement curve.
A kind of device for the method can be applied to reflect indirectly metal material impact toughness, including rack, in the rack
It is provided with loading device and displacement sensor, the telescopic end of the loading device is provided with head, and head includes service portion
And shank, pressure sensor is provided between the service portion and shank, institute's displacement sensors are parallel to stretching for loading device
The setting of contracting direction, the fixed part of displacement sensor are connect with rack, the telescopic end connection of movable part and loading device.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: the rack include mounting plate and perpendicular to
Mounting plate and the guide post of connection fixed thereto, be provided on the guide post can along the movable plate that guide post slidably reciprocates, it is described plus
It carries and installs on a mounting board, and telescopic end is connect with movable plate, the head is arranged on movable plate.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: the fixed part of institute's displacement sensors with
Mounting plate connection, the movable part are connect with movable plate.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: the service portion has a bulb.
Preferred embodiment on the basis of above scheme and as above scheme: further including that the sample opposite with head is put
Seat is set, the sample placement rack includes the placement wheel for being symmetrically disposed in pressure both sides of head, and the placement wheel has groove, and sets
It sets mounting bracket installation and places wheel.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: method and device of the invention, by calculating and adding to tested sample load test
Work done W during load reflects the impact flexibility of material by the value of this function W.
Only sample need to simply be processed and its impact flexibility can be measured, live metal material can be greatly improved in this way
The detection efficiency and production efficiency of impact flexibility, economy and practicability are it is clear that be a kind of efficiently and effectively detection side
Method.And it can be more conducive to be applied to efficiently to the whether qualified progress selective mechanisms of the impact flexibility of product or material.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that can be applied to reflect indirectly the method for metal material impact toughness of the invention；
Fig. 2 is placement wheel construction schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is computer system partial schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the calculation formula of function W of the invention；
Fig. 5 is power of the invention-displacement coordinate system schematic diagram.
In figure: 1- head, 2- displacement sensor, 3- pressure sensor, 4- computer system, 5- rack, 6- load dress
It sets, 7- service portion, 8- shank, 9- mounting plate, 10- take turns along guide post, 11- movable plate, 12- sample placement rack, 13- placement, 14- is recessed
Slot, 15- mounting bracket, 16- sample.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that is retouched
The embodiment stated is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
Refering to fig. 1-5, a kind of method of indirect reflection metal material impact toughness, comprising: utilize head 1 to sample 16
Load；1 change in displacement of head is recorded in loading procedure, and records the change of sample pressure corresponding to the change in displacement
Change；Function W done in loading procedure is calculated according to the change in displacement of record and pressure change, is reflected by the value of this function W
The impact flexibility of material.
And further, power-displacement coordinate system is established, and is drawn in the coordinate system according to change in displacement and pressure change
Force-displacement curve；By the force-displacement curve we can the very intuitively stress variation in entire test process, we with
The speed of certain speed or variation is tested, we can in conjunction in test process to the monitoring and observation of tested sample,
Judge the deformation degree of tested sample and lead to power required for the degree deformation；Simultaneously according to force-displacement curve meter
Head 1 is calculated to sample work done W, the impact flexibility of sample 16 is reflected by the value of this function W.
Wherein, function W is the area of dash area below force-displacement curve, and the reaction of test result is very intuitive.
In above scheme, the function W calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein SiFor micro-displacement section (SiSmaller, i value is also bigger, and result is more accurate), FiFor SiIt is upper corresponding flat
Equal force value.
With reference to Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, it is based on the above method, we are arranged displacement sensor 2 and are used to experience 1 change in displacement of head,
The reaction force variation that pressure sensor 3 is used to experience the application of sample suffered by head 1 is set on head 1；It will displacement
Sensor 2 and pressure sensor 3 are connect with computer system 4, and are passed by computer system 4 according to displacement sensor 2 and pressure
The data information that sensor 3 inputs calculates function W, and the algorithm of the computer uses formulaIt calculates.
And it is further established by computer system 4 according to the data information that displacement sensor 2 and pressure sensor 3 input
Power-displacement coordinate system, and draw force-displacement curve.Power-displacement other than the numerical value of function W, in the power-displacement coordinate system
Curve equally has reference significance for the stress research of sample, and reacts intuitive.
A kind of device for the method can be applied to reflect indirectly metal material impact toughness, can be according to the above method to examination
Sample is tested, including rack 5, and loading device 6 and displacement sensor 2 are provided in the rack 5, the loading device 6
Telescopic end is provided with head 1, and head 1 includes service portion 7 and shank 8, is provided with pressure between the service portion 7 and shank 8
Force snesor 3, institute's displacement sensors 2 are parallel to the telescopic direction setting of loading device 6, the fixed part of displacement sensor 2
It is connect with rack 5, movable part is connect with the telescopic end of loading device 6.Wherein, rack is used to provide installation for loading device 6
Basis, the loading device 6 for driving pressure head 1 to sample 16 load, wherein loading device 6 we preferably select hydraulic cylinder
Or other fluid pressure drive devices, hydraulic-driven have the advantages that pressure is greatly and manageable.Phase is set for sample in this way convenient for us
Same at the uniform velocity load, in this way convenient for being contrasted, comparativity is high.It is either needed for special research, we can be to examination
Sample carries out speed change load, we can controlling to speed oil according to fluid pressure drive device in this way.
Further, the rack 5 is including mounting plate 9 and perpendicular to mounting plate 9 and the guide post of connection fixed thereto 10, institute
It states and is provided with and can be arranged on mounting plate 9 on guide post 10 along the movable plate 11 that guide post 10 slidably reciprocates, the loading device 6,
And connect telescopic end with movable plate 11, the head 1 is arranged on movable plate 11.The fixed part of institute's displacement sensors 2
Divide and connect with mounting plate 9, the movable part is connect with movable plate 11.
The service portion 7 has a bulb, and the service portion 7 of bulb can be avoided the power that service portion 7 is applied on sample
Too converge；Certainly, according to Research Requirements, we can also be using the service portion 7 with other shapes.
For the test convenient for the simple sample of metal material, the present apparatus further includes the sample placement rack 12 opposite with head 1,
The sample placement rack 12 includes the placement wheel 13 for being symmetrically disposed in 1 two sides of head, and the placement wheel 13 has groove 14,
And the installation of mounting bracket 15 is set and places wheel 13.By taking metal strip sample as an example, we can be placed into placement rack 12, make metal
The both ends of item, which are placed in, can start to test in groove 14.
In above-mentioned apparatus test process, we can be by displacement sensor 2 and pressure sensor 3 and computer system 4
Connection, and function W is calculated according to the data information that displacement sensor 2 and pressure sensor 3 input by computer system 4.
The above method other than reflecting material impact toughness indirectly, we can with the impact flexibility of product or material whether
Qualification is sampled selective mechanisms, the specific steps are as follows:
A, known just qualified sample is tested first, entire test process examination is measured with certain loading velocity
Test machine work done W0；
B, tested sample is tested with same operating method same loading velocity, measures entire test process examination
Test machine work done W；
C, compare W and W0Size.If W > W0, then show that the impact flexibility of tested sample is higher than standard sample, be tested
Sample is qualified；If W < W0, then show the impact flexibility of tested sample lower than standard sample, tested sample is unqualified；
Material higher for brittleness, can suitably reduce loading velocity.
Other than material or metal material impact toughness, same product, including tank body, frame structure, pipe material product all may be used
To use this method test comparison, and embody can test result for reference, extend to and can be applied to automobile impacting test process
In diligent and collision deformation during stress variation, time shaft is added for power-displacement coordinate system in analytic process, in conjunction with survey
Deformation process is tried, reliable, intuitive test reference result can be obtained.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of the metal material impact toughness of reflection indirectly characterized by comprising
It is loaded using head (1) to sample；
Head (1) change in displacement is recorded in loading procedure, and records the change of sample pressure corresponding to the change in displacement
Change；
Function W done in loading procedure is calculated according to the change in displacement of record and pressure change.
2. the method for indirect reflection metal material impact toughness according to claim 2, which is characterized in that establish power-position
Coordinate system is moved, and force-displacement curve is drawn according to change in displacement and pressure change in the coordinate system；
Head (1) is calculated to sample work done W according to force-displacement curve.
3. the method for indirect reflection metal material impact toughness according to claim 2, which is characterized in that function W is power-position
Move the area of dash area below curve.
4. the method for indirect reflection metal material impact toughness according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that described
The calculation formula of function W are as follows:
Wherein SiFor micro-displacement section, FiFor SiUpper corresponding average force value.
5. the method for indirect reflection metal material impact toughness according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that setting
Pressure sensor (3) are arranged for experiencing for experiencing head (1) change in displacement in displacement sensor (2) on head (1)
The reaction force variation that sample suffered by head (1) applies；
Displacement sensor (2) and pressure sensor (3) are connect with computer system (4), and by computer system (4) according to position
Displacement sensor (2) and the data information of pressure sensor (3) input calculate function W.
6. the method for indirect reflection metal material impact toughness according to claim 5, which is characterized in that by department of computer science
System (4) establishes power-displacement coordinate system according to the data information that displacement sensor (2) and pressure sensor (3) input, and draws
Force-displacement curve.
7. a kind of device that can be applied to any the method for claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that described including rack (5)
Loading device (6) and displacement sensor (2) are provided in rack (5), the telescopic end of the loading device (6) is provided with head
(1), head (1) includes service portion (7) and shank (8), is provided with pressure sensing between the service portion (7) and shank (8)
Device (3), institute's displacement sensors (2) are parallel to the telescopic direction setting of loading device (6), the fixed part of displacement sensor (2)
Divide and connect with rack (5), movable part is connect with the telescopic end of loading device (6).
8. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the rack (5) includes mounting plate (9) and perpendicular to installation
Plate (9) and the guide post (10) of connection fixed thereto, being provided on the guide post (10) can be along the work that guide post (10) slidably reciprocate
Movable plate (11), loading device (6) setting are connect on mounting plate (9), and by telescopic end with movable plate (11), the pressure
Head (1) is arranged on movable plate (11).
9. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the fixed part and mounting plate of institute's displacement sensors (2)
(9) it connects, the movable part is connect with movable plate (11).
10. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include and head (1) opposite sample placement rack
(12), the sample placement rack (12) includes the placement wheel (13) for being symmetrically disposed in head (1) two sides, the placement wheel
(13) there are groove (14), and mounting bracket (15) installation is set and places wheel (13).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910358181.8A CN110132745A (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2019-04-30 | A kind of method and device of indirect reflection metal material impact toughness |
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| CN201910358181.8A CN110132745A (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2019-04-30 | A kind of method and device of indirect reflection metal material impact toughness |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111537366A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-14 | 江苏铁锚玻璃股份有限公司 | Plastic plate puncture detection method and pressure head |
| CN112362448A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-02-12 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Dynamic loading test device and method for impact performance of material |
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| CN111537366A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-14 | 江苏铁锚玻璃股份有限公司 | Plastic plate puncture detection method and pressure head |
| CN112362448A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-02-12 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Dynamic loading test device and method for impact performance of material |
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