CN110131574B - Fuel cell hydrogen supply system based on combination valve and hydrogen charging and supplying method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell hydrogen supply system based on combination valve and hydrogen charging and supplying method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110131574B CN110131574B CN201910319164.3A CN201910319164A CN110131574B CN 110131574 B CN110131574 B CN 110131574B CN 201910319164 A CN201910319164 A CN 201910319164A CN 110131574 B CN110131574 B CN 110131574B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0184—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell hydrogen supply system based on a combination valve and a hydrogen charging and supplying method thereof, wherein the hydrogen supply system comprises an ECM control module, a hydrogen storage cylinder group and a pipeline system; the hydrogen storage cylinder group comprises a main hydrogen cylinder and at least one auxiliary hydrogen cylinder; the main hydrogen bottle is provided with a main combination valve which comprises an air inlet one-way valve, an electric control pressure reducing valve, a main gas bottle interconnected electric control valve and a main electric control safety valve; and the auxiliary hydrogen cylinder is provided with an auxiliary combination valve which comprises an auxiliary air inlet one-way valve, an auxiliary cylinder interconnection electric control valve and an auxiliary electric control safety valve. The hydrogen charging and supplying method adopts an electric control pressure reducing valve in a main combination valve to reduce the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen to the pressure required by the fuel cell and then supply the hydrogen to the fuel cell; when the hydrogen in the main hydrogen cylinder is used up, the high-pressure hydrogen in the auxiliary hydrogen cylinder is decompressed to the required pressure through the electric control pressure reducing valve of the main combination valve and then is supplied to the fuel cell. The invention has the advantages of compact system structure, high expansibility of hydrogen storage capacity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a hydrogen supply technology, and more particularly, to a fuel cell hydrogen supply system based on a combination valve and a hydrogen charging and supplying method thereof.
Background
Under the increasingly urgent situation of energy crisis, hydrogen energy is receiving wide attention due to its advantages of cleanness, no pollution, wide sources, high energy storage density and the like. As one of the important applications of hydrogen energy, a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is considered as a new energy vehicle that is most promising to compete with a power cell vehicle. The hydrogen supply system is the fuel source of the hydrogen fuel cell product, and the safety and stability of the operation of the hydrogen supply system are very important. The existing hydrogen supply system adopts no more than two hydrogen storage bottles with the volume of less than 100 liters and the pressure of 70MPa as the system for supplying hydrogen, for example, the hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell automobile disclosed by the Chinese patent application CN201610969932.6 has few gas bottles and low capacity, and can not meet the requirement of long-time uninterrupted operation of the fuel cell. To solve the above problems, a plurality of hydrogen cylinders can be generally connected in parallel to form a hydrogen cylinder group, and the capacity of the cylinders is insufficient by expanding the number of the cylinders. However, the conventional hydrogen gas cylinder group needs to be provided with a pressure reducing system for each hydrogen cylinder, resulting in a complex overall structure, high cost, and excessive installation space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fuel cell hydrogen supply system based on a combined valve and a hydrogen charging and supplying method thereof, which have simple structure and low cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system based on the combination valve comprises an ECM control module, a hydrogen storage cylinder group and a pipeline system; the hydrogen storage cylinder group comprises a main hydrogen cylinder and at least one auxiliary hydrogen cylinder; the pipeline system comprises a hydrogen inlet pipeline for filling hydrogen into each hydrogen cylinder in the hydrogen storage cylinder group, a hydrogen supply pipeline for outputting hydrogen with proper pressure to the fuel cell, a cylinder interconnection pipeline for connecting a main hydrogen cylinder and an auxiliary hydrogen cylinder, and a hydrogen emptying pipeline for emptying in dangerous situations; a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of the main hydrogen cylinder are provided with main combination valves, and a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of the auxiliary hydrogen cylinder are provided with auxiliary combination valves; the main combination valve comprises four parallel internal pipelines which are respectively called a main air inlet inner pipe, a pressure reducing air supply inner pipe, a main air bottle interconnection inner pipe and a main pressure reducing inner pipe; the main air inlet inner pipe, the pressure reducing air supply inner pipe, the main air bottle interconnection inner pipe and the main pressure reducing inner pipe are respectively provided with a main air inlet one-way valve, an electric control pressure reducing valve, a main air bottle interconnection electric control valve and a main electric control safety valve (which are in one-to-one correspondence); one end of the main gas inlet inner pipe, the pressure-reducing gas supply inner pipe, the main gas cylinder interconnection inner pipe and the main pressure-reducing inner pipe is converged and then connected with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of a main hydrogen cylinder, and the other end of the main gas inlet inner pipe, the pressure-reducing gas supply inner pipe, the main gas cylinder interconnection inner pipe and the main pressure-reducing inner pipe are respectively connected with a hydrogen gas inlet pipeline, a hydrogen gas supply pipeline, a gas cylinder; the auxiliary combination valve comprises three parallel internal pipelines which are respectively called an auxiliary air inlet inner pipe, an auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner pipe and an auxiliary pressure relief inner pipe, wherein the auxiliary air inlet inner pipe, the auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner pipe and the auxiliary pressure relief inner pipe are respectively provided with an auxiliary air inlet one-way valve, an auxiliary air bottle interconnection electric control valve and an auxiliary electric control safety valve (in one-to-one correspondence), one ends of the auxiliary air inlet inner pipe, the auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner pipe and the auxiliary pressure relief inner pipe are converged and then connected with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of an auxiliary hydrogen bottle, and the other ends of the auxiliary air inlet inner pipe, the auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner pipe and the; and control signal input ends of the electric control pressure reducing valve, the main gas cylinder interconnection electric control valve, the main electric control safety valve, the auxiliary gas cylinder interconnection electric control valve and the auxiliary electric control safety valve are respectively connected with the ECM control module.
Preferably, the main hydrogen cylinder and the auxiliary hydrogen cylinder are respectively provided with an integrated tail plug, the integrated tail plugs are provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the hydrogen cylinder and a cylinder pressure sensor for measuring the pressure in the hydrogen cylinder, and the measuring signal output ends of the temperature sensor and the cylinder pressure sensor are respectively connected with the ECM control module.
Preferably, the system further comprises a hydrogen recovery line; the inlet end of the hydrogen recovery pipeline is connected with the hydrogen emptying pipeline, and the outlet end of the hydrogen recovery pipeline is connected with the hydrogen inlet pipeline; the hydrogen recovery pipeline is sequentially provided with a recovery check valve, a recovery gas cylinder and a hydrogen compression pump in series from the inlet end to the outlet end of the hydrogen recovery pipeline, and the recovery gas cylinder is provided with a recovery hydrogen pressure sensor; and the control signal input end of the hydrogen compression pump and the measurement signal output end of the recycled hydrogen pressure sensor are respectively connected with the ECM control module.
Preferably, the hydrogen gas supply pipeline is provided with an overflow shutoff valve, a secondary filter and a gas supply pressure sensor; and the control signal input end of the over-current shutoff valve and the measurement signal output end of the air supply pressure sensor are respectively connected with the ECM control module.
Preferably, a secondary electronic control safety valve is arranged between the hydrogen supply pipeline and the hydrogen emptying pipeline, the input end of the secondary electronic control safety valve is connected with the hydrogen supply pipeline, and the output end of the secondary electronic control safety valve is connected with the hydrogen emptying pipeline; and the control signal input end of the secondary electrically-controlled safety valve is connected with the ECM control module.
Preferably, an inflation valve and a primary filter are arranged on the hydrogen inlet pipeline.
Preferably, the hydrogen blow-down pipeline is provided with an electrically controlled blow-down valve which is configured to be opened in a failure mode, and a control signal input end of the electrically controlled blow-down valve is connected with the ECM control module.
Preferably, fusible alloy plugs are further arranged at two ends of the main electric control safety valve and the auxiliary electric control safety valve in parallel through pipelines respectively.
The invention also provides a hydrogen charging and supplying method of the fuel cell hydrogen supplying system based on the combination valve, which comprises a hydrogen charging process and a hydrogen supplying process, wherein:
the hydrogen charging process comprises the following steps: high-pressure hydrogen from an upstream high-pressure hydrogen source is divided into multiple paths through a hydrogen inlet pipeline, wherein one path of high-pressure hydrogen is filled into a main hydrogen cylinder through a main inlet inner pipe and a main inlet one-way valve in a main combination valve, other paths of high-pressure hydrogen are filled into auxiliary hydrogen cylinders through auxiliary inlet inner pipes and auxiliary inlet one-way valves in the auxiliary combination valves, and the filling is stopped when the pressure in each main hydrogen cylinder and each auxiliary hydrogen cylinder reaches the filling limit value;
the hydrogen supply process comprises the following steps: the ECM control module sends a signal to indicate that an electronic control pressure reducing valve in the main combination valve is opened, high-pressure hydrogen in a main hydrogen bottle enters a pressure reducing and air supplying inner pipe, is reduced to the pressure required by the fuel cell by the electronic control pressure reducing valve, and is supplied to the fuel cell through a hydrogen supplying pipeline; when the hydrogen in the main hydrogen cylinder is used up (namely the pressure and the flow of the supplied hydrogen are too low to meet the requirements of the fuel cell), the ECM control module sends a signal to instruct to open the main gas cylinder interconnection electric control valve and one or more auxiliary gas cylinder interconnection electric control valves, so that the high-pressure hydrogen in one or more auxiliary hydrogen cylinders is filled into the main hydrogen cylinder through the auxiliary gas cylinder interconnection inner pipes, the gas cylinder interconnection pipelines and the main gas cylinder interconnection inner pipes, or is decompressed to the pressure required by the fuel cell through the decompression gas supply inner pipes by the electric control decompression valve and is supplied to the fuel cell through the hydrogen gas supply pipelines.
Preferably, the method further comprises the steps of arranging a hydrogen recovery pipeline between the hydrogen inlet pipeline and the hydrogen emptying pipeline, and arranging a recovery gas cylinder and a hydrogen compression pump on the hydrogen recovery pipeline; hydrogen discharged by each electric control safety valve (main electric control safety valve and auxiliary electric control safety valve) during safe tripping is led into a recovery gas cylinder for recovery through hydrogen discharged by a hydrogen discharge pipeline, and after each electric control safety valve returns to a seat, the hydrogen in the recovery gas cylinder is sent into the main hydrogen cylinder and the auxiliary hydrogen cylinder through a hydrogen inlet pipeline by a hydrogen compression pump.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) through integrating a plurality of valves, pipe fittings etc. to the combination valve for pipeline system structure obtains simplifying by a wide margin, and the whole accessible of combination valve assembles hydrogen cylinder on conventional modes such as assembly screw thread, simple to operate.
2) The auxiliary combination valve does not contain an electric control pressure reducing valve, all the auxiliary hydrogen cylinders are connected in parallel through the gas cylinder interconnection pipeline, the pressure reducing and hydrogen supplying functions are realized indirectly through the electric control pressure reducing valve integrated on the main combination valve, the number of the electric control pressure reducing valves is reduced, and particularly when the number of the auxiliary hydrogen cylinders is large, the cost can be greatly reduced.
3) The invention adopts optimization design measures in various aspects such as hydrogen storage cylinder group, pipeline system, control logic and the like, and has the advantages of compact system structure, simple operation, high expansibility of hydrogen storage capacity, safety, reliability and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell hydrogen supply system based on a combination valve designed by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the main combination valve in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sub combination valve of fig. 1.
In the figure, the correspondence between the part names and the numbers is as follows:
an ECM control module 1;
a hydrogen storage cylinder group 2, a main hydrogen cylinder 2.1, an auxiliary hydrogen cylinder 2.2 and a fusible alloy plug 3.9;
the main combination valve 3, a main air inlet inner pipe 3.1, a pressure reducing air supply inner pipe 3.2, a main air bottle interconnection inner pipe 3.3, a main pressure reducing inner pipe 3.4, a main air inlet one-way valve 3.5, an electric control pressure reducing valve 3.6, a main air bottle interconnection electric control valve 3.7 and a main electric control safety valve 3.8;
the auxiliary combination valve 4, the auxiliary air inlet inner tube 4.1, the auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner tube 4.2, the auxiliary pressure relief inner tube 4.3, the auxiliary air inlet one-way valve 4.4, the auxiliary air bottle interconnection electric control valve 4.5 and the auxiliary electric control safety valve 4.6;
the tail plug 5, the gas cylinder pressure sensor 5.1 and the temperature sensor 5.2 are integrated;
a hydrogen gas inlet pipeline 6, an inflation valve 6.1, a primary filter 6.2, a ball valve 6.3 and a pressure gauge 6.4;
a hydrogen supply pipeline 7, an overflow shutoff valve 7.1, a secondary filter 7.2, a gas supply pressure sensor 7.3, a secondary electric control safety valve 7.4 and an emptying valve 7.5;
a hydrogen gas emptying pipeline 8 and an electric control emptying valve 8.1;
a hydrogen recovery pipeline 9, a recovery one-way valve 9.1, a recovery gas cylinder 9.2, a hydrogen compression pump 9.3 and a recovery hydrogen pressure sensor 9.4;
the gas cylinders are interconnected by a conduit 10.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in FIGS. 1-3, the fuel cell hydrogen supply system based on the combination valve comprises an ECM control module 1, a hydrogen storage cylinder group 2 and a pipeline system. Wherein:
the hydrogen storage cylinder group 2 comprises a main hydrogen cylinder 2.1 and two auxiliary hydrogen cylinders 2.2, and the number of the auxiliary hydrogen cylinders 2.2 can be expanded according to requirements.
The pipeline system comprises a hydrogen inlet pipeline 6, a hydrogen supply pipeline 7, a hydrogen emptying pipeline 8, a hydrogen recovery pipeline 9 and a gas bottle interconnection pipeline 10.
The hydrogen inlet and outlet of the main hydrogen bottle 2.1 are provided with main combination valves 3, and the hydrogen inlet and outlet of each auxiliary hydrogen bottle 2.2 are respectively provided with auxiliary combination valves 4. The main hydrogen bottle 2.1 and the auxiliary hydrogen bottle 2.2 are respectively provided with an integrated tail plug 5, the integrated tail plug 5 is provided with a temperature sensor 5.2 and a gas bottle pressure sensor 5.1, and the temperature and the pressure in the gas bottles can be monitored in real time.
The main combination valve 3 comprises four parallel internal pipelines which are respectively called a main air inlet inner pipe 3.1, a pressure reducing air supply inner pipe 3.2, a main air bottle interconnection inner pipe 3.3 and a main pressure relief inner pipe 3.4. The main air inlet inner pipe 3.1, the pressure reducing air supply inner pipe 3.2, the main air bottle interconnection inner pipe 3.3 and the main pressure reducing inner pipe 3.4 are respectively provided with a main air inlet one-way valve 3.5 (which is communicated in a one-way manner towards the air bottle), an electric control pressure reducing valve 3.6, a main air bottle interconnection electric control valve 3.7 and a main electric control safety valve 3.8. One end of the main air inlet inner pipe 3.1, the pressure-reducing air supply inner pipe 3.2, the main air bottle interconnection inner pipe 3.3 and the main pressure-reducing inner pipe 3.4 is converged and then connected with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of the main hydrogen bottle 2.1, and the other end is respectively connected with a hydrogen inlet pipeline 6, a hydrogen supply pipeline 7, an air bottle interconnection pipeline 10 and a hydrogen emptying pipeline 8.
The auxiliary combination valve 4 comprises three parallel internal pipelines which are respectively called an auxiliary air inlet inner pipe 4.1, an auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner pipe 4.2 and an auxiliary pressure relief inner pipe 4.3, the auxiliary air inlet inner pipe 4.1, the auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner pipe 4.2 and the auxiliary pressure relief inner pipe 4.3 are respectively provided with an auxiliary air inlet one-way valve 4.4 (which is in one-way conduction towards the air bottle direction), an auxiliary air bottle interconnection electric control valve 4.5 and an auxiliary electric control safety valve 4.6, one ends of the auxiliary air inlet inner pipe 4.1, the auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner pipe 4.2 and the auxiliary pressure relief inner pipe 4.3 are converged and then connected with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of an auxiliary hydrogen bottle 2.2, and the other ends are respectively connected with a hydrogen inlet pipeline 6, an air bottle interconnection.
The two ends of the main electric control safety valve 3.8 and the auxiliary electric control safety valve 4.6 are respectively provided with a fusible alloy plug 3.9 in parallel through pipelines.
The hydrogen inlet pipeline 6 is provided with an inflation valve 6.1, a primary filter 6.2, a ball valve 6.3 and a pressure gauge 6.4.
The hydrogen gas supply pipeline 7 is provided with an overflow shutoff valve 7.1, a secondary filter 7.2, a gas supply pressure sensor 7.3, a secondary electric control safety valve 7.4, a ball valve 6.3, a pressure gauge 6.4 and an emptying valve 7.5. The input ends of the secondary electric control safety valve 7.4 and the emptying valve 7.5 are respectively connected with the hydrogen supply pipeline 7, and the output ends of the secondary electric control safety valve and the emptying valve are respectively connected with the tail end of the hydrogen emptying pipeline 8.
The hydrogen gas emptying pipeline 8 is provided with an electric control emptying valve 8.1 which is configured to be opened in a fault mode, the electric control emptying valve 8.1 is set to be opened in the fault mode, emptying can still be carried out under the condition that the system is invalid, and system safety is guaranteed.
The inlet end of the hydrogen recovery pipeline 9 is connected with the hydrogen emptying pipeline 8, and the outlet end of the hydrogen recovery pipeline is connected with the hydrogen inlet pipeline 6. The hydrogen recovery pipeline 9 is sequentially provided with a recovery one-way valve 9.1 (communicated towards the recovery gas cylinder 9), a recovery gas cylinder 9.2, a hydrogen compression pump 9.3 and an emptying valve 7.5 in series from the inlet end to the outlet end of the hydrogen recovery pipeline, and the recovery gas cylinder 9.2 is provided with a recovery hydrogen pressure sensor 9.4.
And control signal input ends of an electric control pressure reducing valve 3.6, a main gas cylinder interconnected electric control valve 3.7, a main electric control safety valve 3.8, an auxiliary gas cylinder interconnected electric control valve 4.5, an auxiliary electric control safety valve 4.6, an overflowing shutoff valve 7.1, a secondary electric control safety valve 7.4, an electric control emptying valve 8.1 and a hydrogen compression pump 9.3 are respectively connected with the ECM control module 1.
And the measurement signal output ends of the temperature sensor 5.2, the gas cylinder pressure sensor 5.1, the gas supply pressure sensor 7.3 and the recovered hydrogen pressure sensor 9.4 are respectively connected with the ECM control module 1.
The ECM control module 1 is used as a control center of the whole system and controls related valves according to set control logic or manual operation of operators; and simultaneously, the measuring data transmitted by each sensor is received and displayed on a screen or is subjected to linkage control.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a method for hydrogen charging and hydrogen supplying, including a hydrogen charging process and a hydrogen supplying process performed independently, for a hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell in embodiment 1, wherein:
1. the specific steps of the hydrogen charging process are as follows:
1) the hydrogen inlet pipeline 6 is connected with an upstream high-pressure hydrogen source through an inflation valve 6.1;
2) opening a ball valve 6.3 on a hydrogen inlet pipeline 6, filtering 70MPA (in the invention, the gauge pressure) high-pressure hydrogen from a high-pressure hydrogen source by a primary filter 6.2, and dividing the high-pressure hydrogen into three paths which respectively enter a main combination valve 3 and two auxiliary combination valves 4;
3) the high-pressure hydrogen entering the main combination valve 3 is filled into a main hydrogen bottle 2.1 through a main air inlet inner pipe 3.1 and a main air inlet one-way valve 3.5, and the high-pressure hydrogen entering the auxiliary combination valve 4 is filled into two auxiliary hydrogen bottles 2.2 through an auxiliary air inlet inner pipe 4.1 and an auxiliary air inlet one-way valve 4.4;
4) when the cylinder pressure sensor 5.1 indicates a working pressure of 70MPA, the charging is stopped.
2. The hydrogen supply process comprises the following specific steps:
1) the ECM control module 1 sends a signal to indicate that an electronic control pressure reducing valve 3.6 in the main combination valve 3 is opened, high-pressure hydrogen enters a pressure reducing air supply inner pipe 3.2, and is reduced to normal-pressure hydrogen with 0MPa after passing through the electronic control pressure reducing valve 3.6;
2) opening a ball valve 6.3 on a hydrogen supply pipeline 7, allowing normal-pressure hydrogen to enter the hydrogen supply pipeline 7, sequentially flowing through an overcurrent shutoff valve 7.1, a secondary filter 7.2 (further filtering the hydrogen) and the ball valve 6.3, leading to a fuel cell, and providing the hydrogen with qualified pressure and quality for the fuel cell;
3) when the hydrogen in the main hydrogen bottle 2.1 is used up (the pressure or the flow is insufficient), the ECM control module 1 sends a signal to open a main gas bottle interconnection electric control valve 3.7 in the main combination valve 3 and an auxiliary gas bottle interconnection electric control valve 4.5 in the auxiliary combination valve 4, and the high-pressure hydrogen in the auxiliary hydrogen bottle 2.2 flows to a pressure reduction gas supply inner pipe 3.2 through an auxiliary gas bottle interconnection inner pipe 4.2 and the main gas bottle interconnection inner pipe 3.3, is subjected to pressure reduction through an electric control pressure reduction valve 3.6 and is supplied to a fuel cell;
4) when the hydrogen gas in the secondary hydrogen cylinder 2.2 is also used up, the secondary hydrogen cylinder 2.2 is switched to another secondary hydrogen cylinder, and hydrogen gas is provided for the fuel cell according to the step 3).
5) Safety measures and hydrogen recovery
When the recovered gas cylinder 9.2 is empty (the pressure is low), the ECM control module 1 sends a signal to indicate that the electric control blow-down valve 8.1 is closed, and at the moment, the emptied hydrogen can enter the recovered gas cylinder 9.2 for recovery; when a gas cylinder pressure sensor 5.1 on a main hydrogen gas cylinder 2.1 detects that the gas cylinder pressure exceeds the upper limit, an ECM control module 1 sends a signal to open a main electric control safety valve 3.8, the pressure in the gas cylinder is released, and the discharged high-pressure hydrogen enters a recovery gas cylinder 9.2 through a hydrogen gas emptying pipeline 8 for recovery; when the gas cylinder pressure sensor 5.1 of the auxiliary hydrogen gas cylinder 2.2 detects that the gas cylinder pressure exceeds the upper limit, the ECM control module 1 sends a signal to open the auxiliary electronic control safety valve 4.6, the pressure in the gas cylinder is released, and the discharged high-pressure hydrogen enters the recovery gas cylinder 9.2 through the hydrogen gas emptying pipeline 8 to be recovered. In some special cases, the operator can also actively open each electrically controlled safety valve.
The recovered hydrogen enters a recovered gas cylinder 9.2 to increase the pressure of the recovered hydrogen, and when a recovered hydrogen pressure sensor 9.4 detects that the pressure of the recovered gas cylinder 9.2 exceeds a safety limit value (for example, 40MPa), an ECM control module 1 sends a signal to indicate that an electronic control blow-down valve 8.1 is opened, so that the continuous operation of the evacuation process under low pressure is ensured, and the safety is ensured.
After the system returns to the normal state and is completely emptied, if the pressure of the hydrogen in the recovered gas cylinder 9.2 is higher than the gas refilling limit value (for example, 30MPa), the ECM control module 1 sends a signal to indicate that the hydrogen compression pump 9.3 is started, the hydrogen in the recovered gas cylinder 9.2 is pressurized to 70MPa, and the hydrogen is input into the hydrogen storage cylinder group 2 through the hydrogen inlet pipeline 6, so that the gas refilling is completed.
When a fire breaks out, the fusible alloy plug 3.9 is automatically conducted after reaching a specific temperature, and the electric control emptying valve 8.1 which is configured to be opened in a fault is automatically opened under the condition of the fire, so that hydrogen in the system is released. In this case, the high pressure hydrogen is vented directly without recovery for system safety reasons.
When the gas supply pressure sensor 7.3 detects that the pressure of the hydrogen gas supply pipeline 7 exceeds the upper limit, the ECM control module 1 sends a signal to open the secondary electronic control safety valve 7.4, and the hydrogen gas in the secondary electronic control safety valve is not recovered and directly discharged because the pressure of the hydrogen gas is very low. When the hydrogen flow of the hydrogen supply pipeline 7 exceeds the allowable input quantity of the fuel cell, the hydrogen supply is cut off by the overcurrent shutoff valve 7.1, and the safety of the fuel cell is ensured. In special cases, the vent valve 7.5 between the hydrogen supply line 7 and the hydrogen vent line 8 can also be opened manually to release the system pressure.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides another hydrogen charging and supplying method for the hydrogen supply system of the fuel cell in embodiment 1, which has the same main steps as embodiment 2, except that step 3) in the present embodiment specifically includes: after the hydrogen in the main hydrogen bottle 2.1 is used up, the electric control pressure reducing valve 3.6 is closed, the main hydrogen bottle interconnection electric control valve 3.7 and the auxiliary hydrogen bottle interconnection electric control valve 4.5 are opened, then the main hydrogen bottle 2.1 is inflated by one or two auxiliary hydrogen bottles 2.2, after the inflation is finished, the main hydrogen bottle interconnection electric control valve 3.7 and the auxiliary hydrogen bottle interconnection electric control valve 4.5 are closed, and then the fuel cell is supplied with the gas according to the steps 1) -2).
Example 4
This embodiment provides a third method for supplying hydrogen by charging a fuel cell in the hydrogen supply system of embodiment 1, which has the same main steps as embodiment 2 except for step 3) and step 4).
The step 3) of this embodiment is specifically: if the gas flow required by the fuel cell is very large, the main gas cylinder interconnection electric control valve 3.7 and the at least one auxiliary gas cylinder interconnection electric control valve 4.5 can be opened at the same time, and the main hydrogen cylinder 2.1 and the at least one auxiliary hydrogen cylinder 2.2 provide hydrogen for the fuel cell at the same time, specifically referring to the steps 1) -2).
This example does not contain step 4).
Claims (8)
1. A fuel cell hydrogen supply system based on a combination valve, characterized in that:
the system comprises an ECM control module (1), a hydrogen storage cylinder group (2) and a pipeline system;
the hydrogen storage cylinder group (2) comprises a main hydrogen cylinder (2.1) and at least one auxiliary hydrogen cylinder (2.2);
the pipeline system comprises a hydrogen inlet pipeline (6) for filling hydrogen into each hydrogen cylinder in the hydrogen storage cylinder group (2), a hydrogen supply pipeline (7) for outputting hydrogen with proper pressure to the fuel cell, a cylinder interconnection pipeline (10) for connecting a main hydrogen cylinder (2.1) and an auxiliary hydrogen cylinder (2.2), and a hydrogen emptying pipeline (8) for emptying in dangerous conditions;
a main combination valve (3) is arranged at a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of the main hydrogen bottle (2.1), and an auxiliary combination valve (4) is arranged at a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of the auxiliary hydrogen bottle (2.2);
the main combination valve (3) comprises four internal pipelines which are arranged in parallel and are respectively called a main air inlet inner pipe (3.1), a pressure reducing air supply inner pipe (3.2), a main air bottle interconnection inner pipe (3.3) and a main pressure relief inner pipe (3.4); a main air inlet one-way valve (3.5), an electric control pressure reducing valve (3.6), a main air bottle interconnection electric control valve (3.7) and a main electric control safety valve (3.8) are respectively arranged on the main air inlet inner pipe (3.1), the pressure reducing air supply inner pipe (3.2), the main air bottle interconnection inner pipe (3.3) and the main pressure reducing inner pipe (3.4); one end of the main gas inlet inner pipe (3.1), the pressure-reducing gas supply inner pipe (3.2), the main gas cylinder interconnection inner pipe (3.3) and one end of the main pressure-releasing inner pipe (3.4) are converged and then connected with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of the main hydrogen cylinder (2.1), and the other ends of the main gas inlet inner pipe, the pressure-reducing gas supply inner pipe and the main pressure-releasing inner pipe are respectively connected with a hydrogen gas inlet pipeline (6), a hydrogen gas supply pipeline (7), a gas cylinder interconnection pipeline (10) and a hydrogen;
the auxiliary combination valve (4) comprises three parallel internal pipelines which are respectively called an auxiliary air inlet inner pipe (4.1), an auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner pipe (4.2) and an auxiliary pressure relief inner pipe (4.3), the auxiliary air inlet inner pipe (4.1), the auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner pipe (4.2) and the auxiliary pressure relief inner pipe (4.3) are respectively provided with an auxiliary air inlet one-way valve (4.4), an auxiliary air bottle interconnection electric control valve (4.5) and an auxiliary electric control safety valve (4.6), one ends of the auxiliary air inlet inner pipe (4.1), the auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner pipe (4.2) and the auxiliary pressure relief inner pipe (4.3) are collected and then connected with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet of an auxiliary hydrogen bottle (2.2), and the other ends of the auxiliary air inlet inner pipe (4.1), the auxiliary air bottle interconnection inner pipe (4.2) and the auxiliary pressure relief;
the control signal input ends of the electric control pressure reducing valve (3.6), the main gas cylinder interconnection electric control valve (3.7), the main electric control safety valve (3.8), the auxiliary gas cylinder interconnection electric control valve (4.5) and the auxiliary electric control safety valve (4.6) are respectively connected with the ECM control module (1);
the hydrogen supply pipeline (7) is provided with an overflow shutoff valve (7.1), a secondary filter (7.2) and a gas supply pressure sensor (7.3); the control signal input end of the over-flow shutoff valve (7.1) and the measurement signal output end of the air supply pressure sensor (7.3) are respectively connected with the ECM control module (1);
a secondary electronic control safety valve (7.4) is arranged between the hydrogen supply pipeline (7) and the hydrogen emptying pipeline (8), the input end of the secondary electronic control safety valve (7.4) is connected with the hydrogen supply pipeline (7), and the output end of the secondary electronic control safety valve is connected with the hydrogen emptying pipeline (8); the control signal input end of the secondary electrically-controlled safety valve (7.4) is connected with the ECM control module (1).
2. The combination valve-based fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen cylinder is characterized in that an integrated tail plug (5) is further arranged on the main hydrogen cylinder (2.1) and the auxiliary hydrogen cylinder (2.2) respectively, a temperature sensor (5.2) used for measuring the temperature in the hydrogen cylinder and a cylinder pressure sensor (5.1) used for measuring the pressure in the hydrogen cylinder are arranged on the integrated tail plug (5), and the measuring signal output ends of the temperature sensor (5.2) and the cylinder pressure sensor (5.1) are connected with the ECM control module (1) respectively.
3. The combination valve-based fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a hydrogen recovery line (9); the inlet end of the hydrogen recovery pipeline (9) is connected with the hydrogen emptying pipeline (8), and the outlet end of the hydrogen recovery pipeline is connected with the hydrogen inlet pipeline (6); the hydrogen recovery pipeline (9) is sequentially provided with a recovery one-way valve (9.1), a recovery gas cylinder (9.2) and a hydrogen compression pump (9.3) in series from the inlet end to the outlet end of the hydrogen recovery pipeline, and the recovery gas cylinder (9.2) is provided with a recovery hydrogen pressure sensor (9.4); and a control signal input end of the hydrogen compression pump (9.3) and a measurement signal output end of the recovered hydrogen pressure sensor (9.4) are respectively connected with the ECM control module (1).
4. A combined valve based fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that: and an inflation valve (6.1) and a primary filter (6.2) are arranged on the hydrogen gas inlet pipeline (6).
5. A combined valve based fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that: an electric control blow-down valve (8.1) which is configured to be opened in a fault mode is arranged on the hydrogen blow-down pipeline (8), and a control signal input end of the electric control blow-down valve is connected with the ECM control module (1).
6. A combined valve based fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that: and fusible alloy plugs (3.9) are respectively arranged at the two ends of the main electric control safety valve (3.8) and the auxiliary electric control safety valve (4.6) in parallel through pipelines.
7. A method for supplying hydrogen by charging a fuel cell hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the method comprises a hydrogen charging process and a hydrogen supply process, wherein:
the hydrogen charging process comprises the following steps: high-pressure hydrogen from an upstream high-pressure hydrogen source is divided into multiple paths through a hydrogen inlet pipeline (6), wherein one path of high-pressure hydrogen is filled into a main hydrogen cylinder (2.1) through a main inlet inner pipe (3.1) and a main inlet one-way valve (3.5) in a main combination valve (3), other paths of high-pressure hydrogen are filled into auxiliary hydrogen cylinders (2.2) through auxiliary inlet inner pipes (4.1) and auxiliary inlet one-way valves (4.4) in the auxiliary combination valves (4), and the filling is stopped when the internal pressures of the main hydrogen cylinders (2.1) and the auxiliary hydrogen cylinders (2.2) reach the filling limit value;
the hydrogen supply process comprises the following steps: the ECM control module (1) sends a signal to indicate that an electronic control pressure reducing valve (3.6) in the main combination valve (3) is opened, high-pressure hydrogen in a main hydrogen bottle (2.1) enters a pressure reducing and air supplying inner pipe (3.2), is reduced to the pressure required by the fuel cell by the electronic control pressure reducing valve (3.6), and then is supplied to the fuel cell through a hydrogen supplying pipeline (7); when hydrogen in the main hydrogen cylinder (2.1) is used up, the ECM control module (1) sends a signal to indicate that the main cylinder interconnection electric control valve (3.7) and one or more auxiliary cylinder interconnection electric control valves (4.5) are opened, so that high-pressure hydrogen in one or more auxiliary hydrogen cylinders (2.2) is filled into the main hydrogen cylinder (2.1) through the auxiliary cylinder interconnection inner pipe (4.2), the cylinder interconnection pipeline (10) and the main cylinder interconnection inner pipe (3.3) or is provided for a fuel cell through the hydrogen supply pipeline (7) after being decompressed to the pressure required by the fuel cell by the electric control decompression valve (3.6) through the decompression gas supply inner pipe (3.2).
8. The hydrogen charging and supplying method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the method is characterized in that a hydrogen recovery pipeline (9) is arranged between a hydrogen inlet pipeline (6) and a hydrogen emptying pipeline (8), and a recovery gas bottle (9.2) and a hydrogen compression pump (9.3) are arranged on the hydrogen recovery pipeline (9); when the safety of each electric control safety valve is started, hydrogen discharged through the hydrogen discharge pipeline (8) is led into the recovery gas cylinder (9.2) for recovery, and after each electric control safety valve returns to the seat, the hydrogen in the recovery gas cylinder (9.2) is pressurized through the hydrogen compression pump (9.3) and then is sent into the main hydrogen cylinder (2.1) and the auxiliary hydrogen cylinder (2.2) through the hydrogen inlet pipeline (6).
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| CN110718704A (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-01-21 | 江苏集萃安泰创明先进能源材料研究院有限公司 | Metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle on-line activation hydrogen supply device matched with fuel cell system |
| CN113309980B (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2022-05-17 | 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心 | Gas supply system, method and gas supply device |
| CN113277469B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2022-11-18 | 季华实验室 | Vehicle-mounted in-situ hydrogen production system |
| CN114294571B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2024-04-30 | 江苏国富氢能技术装备股份有限公司 | Automatic leakage detection control system and method for vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system |
| CN117108913A (en) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-11-24 | 北京兰天达汽车清洁燃料技术有限公司 | Hydrogen supply system for double-hydrogenation-port passenger car and use method |
| CN117558943B (en) * | 2024-01-11 | 2024-04-02 | 未势能源科技有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for regulating hydrogen storage bottle and fuel cell |
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| EP0994002A3 (en) * | 1998-10-14 | 2001-06-27 | Bridgestone Corporation | Process and apparatus for filling N2 gas into tire |
| CN101140051A (en) * | 2007-09-29 | 2008-03-12 | 徐焕恩 | High-pressure hydrogen storing bottle combined valve |
| JP5106987B2 (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2012-12-26 | 日本エア・リキード株式会社 | Liquefied gas supply system |
| CN102748585A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-24 | 同济大学 | Fuel cell standby power high pressure hydrogen supply system |
| CN106784928A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-05-31 | 张家港市华地机械装备有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted hydrogen-feeding system |
| CN207094171U (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-03-13 | 浙江记玛压缩机有限公司 | A kind of fire-fighting inflation system |
| CN207268376U (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-04-24 | 张家港富瑞氢能装备有限公司 | A kind of fuel-cell vehicle on-board hydrogen system |
| CN109216732B (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2021-05-25 | 武汉理工大学 | High-pressure hydrogen supply system of hydrogen fuel cell ship |
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