CN110129630B - High-toughness thin-wall structural member cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-toughness thin-wall structural member cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110129630B CN110129630B CN201910438346.2A CN201910438346A CN110129630B CN 110129630 B CN110129630 B CN 110129630B CN 201910438346 A CN201910438346 A CN 201910438346A CN 110129630 B CN110129630 B CN 110129630B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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Abstract
the invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, in particular to a high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural member cast aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy comprises the following components, by weight, 86.98-96.73% of Al, 3.00-10.00% of Si, 0.10-1.00% of Mg, 0.10-1.00% of Mn, 0.01-0.10% of Sr, 0.01-0.12% of B, 0.05-0.20% of Ti and less than or equal to 0.60% of Fe, and the ratio of C1 in percentage by weight to B/Sr is greater than or equal to 1.00.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, in particular to a high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural member cast aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The cast aluminum alloy part is widely applied to the fields of electric instruments, automobiles, motorcycles, communication and the like. With the increasing requirements for thinning and lightening castings in the fields of automobiles, machinery and the like, high-bearing and thin-wall iron structural members in some workpieces such as automobile bodies are formed by pressure casting of aluminum alloy, so that the alloy is required to meet the conventional phenomena of no heat crack and no segregation, can be used for filling and forming thin-wall castings, and particularly is required to have high strength, high elongation and high toughness after proper heat treatment.
at present, Al-Si-Cu series (domestic Y L112, Y L113, Japanese ADC12, ADC10, American A380 and the like) and Al-Si-Mg series (domestic Y L104, Japanese ADC3, American A360 and the like) which are widely applied at home and abroad are subjected to conventional non-vacuum die casting (the general tensile strength of the aluminum alloy is 220-240MPa, and the elongation is less than or equal to 3 percent), so that the performance requirements of high strength and high toughness cannot be met, and particularly, the aluminum alloy has poor toughness, is easy to fatigue crack in the service process and has low toughness.
Aiming at the current research situation of high-strength and high-toughness die-casting aluminum alloy, the structural structure of the alloy is improved by designing and optimizing Al-Si series die-casting alloy components and carrying out structure refining modification treatment under the condition of a common casting process, and the high-strength, high-plasticity and high-toughness die-casting aluminum alloy with excellent casting performance is developed so as to meet the performance requirements of a high-bearing and thin-wall die-casting structural member.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to solve the problems and the defects, and provides a high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural part cast aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof by optimally designing the contents of Al, Si, Mg, Mn, Sr, B, Ti and Fe in the alloy and inhibiting the generation of β -AlFesi impurity phase through steps 1S, 2S, 3S, 4S and 5S.
According to one aspect of the invention, the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural member casting aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: al 86.98-96.73%, Si 3.00-10.00%, Mg 0.10-1.00%, Mn 0.10-1.00%, Sr0.01-0.10%, B0.01-0.12%, Ti0.05-0.20%, and Fe less than or equal to 0.60%; and the ratio of weight percent C1-B/Sr is more than or equal to 1.00.
Wherein, the contents of the components are expressed by weight percentage as follows: 89.79 to 95.45 percent of Al, 4.00 to 8.00 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.75 percent of Mg, 0.20 to 0.80 percent of Mn, 0.01 to 0.08 percent of Sr, 0.01 to 0.10 percent of B, 0.08 to 0.18 percent of Ti0.08, and less than or equal to 0.30 percent of Fe; and the ratio of weight percent C1-B/Sr is more than or equal to 1.00.
Wherein, the contents of the components are expressed by weight percentage as follows: al 91.35-94.23%, Si 5.00-7.00%, Mg 0.35-0.60%, Mn 0.30-0.60%, Sr 0.01-0.05%, B0.01-0.05%, Ti 0.10-0.15%, and Fe less than or equal to 0.20%; and the ratio of weight percent C1-B/Sr is more than or equal to 1.
Wherein the weight percentage ratio C1-B/Sr ranges from 1.00 to 1.50.
Wherein the weight percentage ratio C2 is 2.40-7.50 of Ti/B.
Wherein the weight percentage ratio C2-Ti/B is in the range of 3.00-5.00.
According to another aspect of the invention, a preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy for the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural part is also provided, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
1S, burdening: preparing raw materials of a silicon source, a magnesium source, an aluminum source, a titanium source, a manganese source, a boron source, a strontium source and an iron source according to the components to prepare an aluminum alloy raw material;
2S smelting and die casting: heating and smelting the raw materials prepared in the step 1S to obtain a melt solution; stirring the melt solution, and casting into a cast ingot;
3S homogenization: and (4) carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the ingot obtained in the step 2S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and carrying out water cooling quenching.
4S solid solution: carrying out solid solution on the alloy obtained in the step 3S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3 h, and carrying out water quenching;
5S, aging: and (4) carrying out artificial aging on the alloy obtained in the step (4) at 160-180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-8 h, and cooling to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy.
In step 1S, the silicon source is Al-20Si alloy, the magnesium source is 99.95% magnesium ingot, the aluminum source is 99.8% aluminum ingot, the titanium source is Al-10Ti alloy, the manganese source is Al-40Mn alloy, the strontium source is Al-10Sr alloy, the boron source is Al-5Ti-1B alloy, and the iron source is 99.95% iron powder or aluminum-iron intermediate alloy.
Wherein in the step 2S, the smelting temperature is 730-760 ℃; the stirring method includes a mechanical stirring method, an electromagnetic stirring method or an ultrasonic vibration method.
According to a third aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of an aluminium alloy as hereinbefore described in semi-solid state die casting.
The functions and contents of the elements in the high-performance die-casting aluminum alloy are described as follows:
The Si element can form an Al + Si eutectic liquid phase with Al in the aluminum alloy, so that the die-casting fluidity of the aluminum alloy is improved, and the strength and the machining performance of the aluminum alloy can be improved. The higher the Si content is, the more eutectic liquid phase is, the better the die casting fluidity of the aluminum alloy is, but the toughness of the die casting aluminum alloy is reduced. Therefore, in order to ensure sufficient die-casting fluidity and toughness of the aluminum alloy, the content of Si may be limited to a range of 3.00 to 10.00% by weight. Preferably, the content of Si may be limited to 4.00-8.00% by weight. More preferably, the content of Si may be limited to 5.00 to 7.00% by weight.
Mg element can form Mg with Si in die-casting aluminum alloy 2The Si strengthening phase strengthens the strength of the die-casting aluminum alloy, and the higher the Mg content is, the higher the strength of the die-casting aluminum alloy is, but the toughness is gradually reduced. Therefore, in order to ensure the strength and toughness of the die-cast aluminum alloy, the content range of Mg in percentage by weight may be limited to 0.10 to 1.00%. Preferably, the content of Mg may be limited to 0.25 to 0.75% by weight. More preferably, the content of Mg may be limited to 0.35 to 0.60% by weight.
Mn element can form Mn with Si in die-casting aluminum alloy 2The Si strengthening phase strengthens the strength of the die-casting aluminum alloy, and the higher the Mn content is, the higher the strength of the die-casting aluminum alloy is, but the toughness is gradually reduced. Also, an excessive Mn content results in the formation of large amounts of insoluble coarse intermetallic compounds, thereby reducing the aluminum content The fluidity of the alloy, and thus the strength and toughness of the aluminum alloy. Therefore, the content of Mn in the range of 0.10 to 1.00% by weight may be limited. Preferably, the content of Mn in percentage by weight may be limited to 0.20 to 0.80%. More preferably, the content of Mn in percentage by weight may be limited to 0.30 to 0.60%.
Ti content is less than 0.05%, grain refinement effect is not obvious, the higher Ti content is, the better grain refinement effect is, but when Ti content exceeds 0.20%, coarse intermetallic compound TiAl can be caused 3The appearance of phases deteriorates the strength and toughness of the die-cast aluminum alloy. Therefore, the content of Ti may be limited to 0.05 to 0.20% by weight. Preferably, the content of Ti may be limited to 0.08 to 0.18% by weight. More preferably, the content of Ti may be limited to 0.10 to 0.15% by weight.
The Sr element mainly plays a role in refining and modifying eutectic Si phase in the die-casting aluminum alloy. The eutectic Si phase is usually in a slender needle shape in the aluminum alloy, and the slender needle-shaped eutectic Si phase can also crack the aluminum alloy matrix, which is an important reason for the lower strength and toughness of the traditional die-casting aluminum alloy. In the prior art, the refining and modification of the eutectic Si phase are mainly performed by adding Na, but the prior Na element also has the problems of unstable refining and modification effect, easy induction of air suction and the like. Through a large number of experimental researches, the Sr element has a good refining and modifying effect on the eutectic Si phase of the die-casting aluminum alloy, the effect of the Sr element is obviously better than that of the traditional Na element, the Sr element has the advantages of good stability, long duration, good reproducibility and the like, and the air suction problem caused by refining and modifying of the traditional Na element can be avoided. By adding 0.01-0.10% of Sr element, the form of eutectic Si in the die-casting aluminum alloy can be changed from elongated acicular into fine uniform granular, and the strength and the toughness of the die-casting aluminum alloy are obviously improved. Preferably, the Sr content may be limited to 0.01-0.08% by weight. More preferably, the Sr content may be limited to 0.01-0.05 wt%.
therefore, the content of B in percentage by weight can be limited to 0.01-0.12%, preferably, the content of B in percentage by weight can be limited to 0.01-0.10%, more preferably, the content of B in percentage by weight can be limited to 0.01-0.05%.
The Fe element can improve the mechanical strength and tensile property of the alloy, and the Fe can also obviously improve the creep resistance and fatigue resistance of the alloy, but excessive Fe can form a coarse acicular Al-Fe-Si series Fe-rich phase in the aluminum alloy, and the coarse acicular Fe-rich phase can seriously crack the aluminum alloy matrix, so that the Fe-rich phase is the main reason for lower strength and toughness of the traditional die-casting aluminum alloy. Through a great deal of experimental research, the inventor finds that the content of impurity element Fe in the die-casting aluminum alloy is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.60 percent, preferably, the content of Fe is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.30 percent, and more preferably, the content of Fe is controlled to be less than or equal to 0.20 percent.
further intensive research shows that Sr and B have interaction, when the weight percentage ratio C1 is equal to or more than 1.00, fine SrB6 compound particle phases are formed by the interaction between the two, the number of the fine SrB6 compound particle phases is small, and the fine SrB6 compound particle phases exist in dendritic crystal alpha centers, when the weight percentage ratio C1 is equal to or more than 1.00, the particle sizes are increased, the number of the fine SrB6 compound particle phases is increased, the fine SrB6 compound particles mostly appear in a eutectic region, a large amount of Sr and B are consumed by the formation of the Sr-B compound, mutual poisoning between the Sr and the B is caused, and the metamorphic effect of two elements is weakened.
Further research by the inventor also finds that Al-Ti-B has higher refining efficiency than Al-Ti alloy in the refining process of the alloy, the addition of a small amount of Ti can cause great change of a forged structure, but the refining effect is quickly reduced due to precipitation of B in the static process. The content ratio of the Ti element to the B element is adjusted to slow down the precipitation of the B element, so that the refining effect is more durable, and the die-casting aluminum alloy has excellent mechanical strength and toughness. Therefore, the ratio C2 of the control weight percentage is in the range of 2.40 to 7.50, and preferably the ratio C2 of the control weight percentage is in the range of 3.00 to 5.00.
In addition, the invention provides a preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy for the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural part, which comprises the following steps:
1S, burdening: preparing raw materials of a silicon source, a magnesium source, an aluminum source, a titanium source, a manganese source, a boron source, a strontium source and an iron source according to the components to prepare an aluminum alloy raw material;
2S smelting and die casting: heating and smelting the raw materials prepared in the step 1S to obtain a melt solution; stirring the melt solution, and casting into a cast ingot;
3S homogenization: and (4) carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the ingot obtained in the step 2S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and carrying out water cooling quenching.
4S solid solution: carrying out solid solution on the alloy obtained in the step 3S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3 h, and carrying out water quenching;
5S, aging: and (4) carrying out artificial aging on the alloy obtained in the step (4) at 160-180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-8 h, and cooling to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy.
The above-mentioned production methods are carried out in the order of 1S) to 5S).
In the step 1S, a silicon source is Al-20Si alloy, a magnesium source is 99.95% of magnesium ingot, an aluminum source is 99.8% of aluminum ingot, a titanium source is Al-10Ti alloy, a manganese source is Al-40Mn alloy, a strontium source is Al-10Sr alloy, a boron source is Al-5Ti-1B alloy, and an iron source is 99.95% of iron ingot, impurity elements are controlled, and high strength and high toughness of the die-cast aluminum alloy are ensured.
In the step 2S, the raw materials obtained in the step 1S are added into an induction smelting furnace, and are smelted at the temperature of 730-760 ℃ through vacuumizing and argon introduction to obtain a melt solution; and stirring for 8-10 min by adopting a mechanical stirring, electromagnetic stirring or ultrasonic vibration method, and casting into an ingot.
And in the step 3S, carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the ingot obtained in the step 2S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and carrying out water cooling quenching.
And 4, performing solid solution on the alloy obtained in the step 3 at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3 h, and performing water quenching to room temperature.
And step 5, artificially aging the alloy obtained in the step 4 at 160-180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-8 hours, and cooling to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy.
compared with other aluminum alloys, the die-casting aluminum alloy has the advantages that 1) the high-toughness thin-wall structural part casting aluminum alloy consists of elements such as Si, Mg and Mn, on the basis of optimizing main alloy elements such as Si, Mg and Mn, elements such as Ti and B are added to refine α -Al grains, Sr is introduced to refine coarse needle-shaped Si grains into fine and uniform spherical grains, meanwhile, the generation of beta-AlFeSi is inhibited through component regulation, the structural component uniformity of the aluminum alloy is improved, and the fluidity, strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy in the die-casting process are improved, 2) the alloy achieves high toughness under the condition that expensive rare earth elements (such as Sc, Zr and the like) are not added through further controlling the proportion of B, Sr and Ti, and has an advantage in the aspect of cost, 3) thermodynamic calculation based on a Hill solidification model shows that the solid-liquid coexistence interval in the solidification process of the alloy (embodiment 3) is 70 ℃, and is suitable for semi-solid-state die-casting production, 4) the high-performance of the aluminum alloy is suitable for the field of high-toughness, the field of the aluminum alloy, the field strength of the automobile, the electric appliances, the tensile strength is 150 MPa, the elongation is 0.333%, and the high-strength of the automobile, the automobile.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
The content of each component of the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural member cast aluminum alloy is expressed by weight percent as follows: 96.73 percent of Al96, 3.00 percent of Si, 0.10 percent of Mg, 0.10 percent of Mn, 0.01 percent of Sr, 0.01 percent of B and 0.05 percent of Ti. The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy for the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural part comprises the following steps:
1S, burdening: taking raw materials of Al-20Si alloy, 99.95% of magnesium ingot, 99.8% of aluminum ingot, Al-10Ti alloy, Al-40Mn alloy, Al-10Sr alloy, Al-5Ti-1B alloy and iron powder or aluminum-iron intermediate alloy with 99.95% of iron source according to the components;
2S smelting and die casting: adding the raw materials obtained in the step 1S into an induction smelting furnace, vacuumizing, introducing argon, and smelting at 730-760 ℃ to obtain a melt solution; stirring for 8-10 min by adopting a mechanical stirring method, and casting into ingots;
3S homogenization: and (4) carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the ingot obtained in the step 2S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and carrying out water cooling quenching.
4S solid solution: carrying out solid solution on the alloy obtained in the step 3S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3 h, and carrying out water quenching;
5S, aging: and (4) carrying out artificial aging on the alloy obtained in the step (4) at 160-180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-8 h, and cooling to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy.
Example 2
The content of each component of the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural member cast aluminum alloy is expressed by weight percent as follows: 86.98% of Al86%, 10.00% of Si, 1.00% of Mg, 1.00% of Mn, 0.10% of Sr, 0.12% of B, 0.20% of Ti and 0.60% of Fe. The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy for the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural part comprises the following steps:
1S, burdening: taking raw materials of Al-20Si alloy, 99.95% of magnesium ingot, 99.8% of aluminum ingot, Al-10Ti alloy, Al-40Mn alloy, Al-10Sr alloy, Al-5Ti-1B alloy and iron powder or aluminum-iron intermediate alloy with 99.95% of iron source according to the components;
2S smelting and die casting: adding the raw materials obtained in the step 1S into an induction smelting furnace, vacuumizing, introducing argon, and smelting at 730-760 ℃ to obtain a melt solution; stirring for 8-10 min by adopting an electromagnetic stirring method, and casting into ingots;
3S homogenization: and (4) carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the ingot obtained in the step 2S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and carrying out water cooling quenching.
4S solid solution: carrying out solid solution on the alloy obtained in the step 3S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3 h, and carrying out water quenching;
5S, aging: and (4) carrying out artificial aging on the alloy obtained in the step (4) at 160-180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-8 h, and cooling to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy.
Example 3
The content of each component of the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural member cast aluminum alloy is expressed by weight percent as follows: 95.45 percent of Al95, 4.00 percent of Si, 0.25 percent of Mg, 0.20 percent of Mn, 0.01 percent of Sr, 0.01 percent of B and 0.08 percent of Ti. The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy for the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural part comprises the following steps:
1S, burdening: taking raw materials of Al-20Si alloy, 99.95% of magnesium ingot, 99.8% of aluminum ingot, Al-10Ti alloy, Al-40Mn alloy, Al-10Sr alloy, Al-5Ti-1B alloy and iron powder or aluminum-iron intermediate alloy with 99.95% of iron source according to the components;
2S smelting and die casting: adding the raw materials obtained in the step 1S into an induction smelting furnace, vacuumizing, introducing argon, and smelting at 730-760 ℃ to obtain a melt solution; stirring for 8-10 min by adopting an ultrasonic vibration method, and casting into ingots;
3S homogenization: and (4) carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the ingot obtained in the step 2S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 3-5 h, and carrying out water cooling quenching.
4S solid solution: carrying out solid solution on the alloy obtained in the step 3S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3 h, and carrying out water quenching;
5S, aging: and (4) carrying out artificial aging on the alloy obtained in the step (4) at 160-180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-8 h, and cooling to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy.
Comparative example
In order to further illustrate the beneficial effects of the present invention, other high strength and toughness aluminum alloy is selected as comparative example 1, wherein the high strength and toughness aluminum alloy comprises the following components by mass percent: 8.7 percent of Si, 0.65 percent of Mn0.5 percent of Mg, 0.35 percent of Ce0.35 percent of Fe, 0.18 percent of Sr, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of impurity and the balance of aluminum.
Test example
And (3) testing mechanical properties: the aluminum alloys of the above examples 1 to 15 were processed into standard tensile specimens according to the national standard of the people's republic of China GMN/T16865-2013, and room temperature tensile mechanical properties were performed on a DNS500 type electronic tensile tester, wherein the tensile rate was 2 mm/min.
The mechanical property test results of the aluminum alloys of examples 1-15 and the comparative example are shown in table 1, wherein the property detection tests have been characterized under the same conditions for the same time:
TABLE 1
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |
| Mg | 0.10 | 1.00 | 0.25 | 0.75 | 0.35 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.55 |
| Si | 3.00 | 10.00 | 4.00 | 8.00 | 5.00 | 7.00 | 7.00 | 6.00 |
| Mn | 0.10 | 1.00 | 0.20 | 0.80 | 0.30 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.40 |
| Fe | 0 | 0.60 | 0 | 0.30 | 0 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.15 |
| Sr | 0.01 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.03 |
| B | 0.01 | 0.12 | 0.01 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.05 |
| Ti | 0.05 | 0.20 | 0.08 | 0.18 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.15 |
| Al | 96.73 | 86.98 | 95.45 | 89.79 | 94.23 | 91.35 | 91.45 | 92.67 |
| C1＝B/Sr | 1.00 | 1.20 | 1.00 | 1.25 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 1.67 |
| C2＝Ti/B | 5.00 | 1.67 | 8.00 | 1.80 | 10.00 | 3.00 | 3.33 | 3.00 |
| Yield strength MPa | 150.16 | 333.86 | 198.23 | 325.23 | 246.73 | 308.32 | 310.25 | 290.37 |
| Tensile strength MPa | 188.32 | 358.43 | 230.15 | 346.74 | 282.35 | 337.47 | 344.12 | 329.46 |
| Elongation percentage% | 14 | 8 | 13 | 10 | 12 | 19 | 16 | 13 |
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the above examples and comparative examples, the aluminum alloy with tensile strength of more than 188MPa, yield strength of more than 150MPa and elongation of more than 8% can be obtained by optimizing the alloy element proportion and the die-casting forming process in the aluminum alloy preparation process. In particular, examples 5, 6, 7, 11, 13 and 15, have achieved better results by further optimizing the ratio of major and minor elements.
compared with other aluminum alloys, the die-casting aluminum alloy has the advantages that 1) the high-toughness thin-wall structural part casting aluminum alloy consists of elements such as Si, Mg and Mn, on the basis of optimizing main alloy elements such as Si, Mg and Mn, elements such as Ti and B are added to refine α -Al grains, Sr is introduced to refine coarse needle-shaped Si grains into fine and uniform spherical grains, meanwhile, the generation of beta-AlFeSi is inhibited through component regulation, the structural component uniformity of the aluminum alloy is improved, and the fluidity, strength and plasticity of the aluminum alloy in the die-casting process are improved, 2) the alloy achieves high toughness under the condition that expensive rare earth elements (such as Sc, Zr and the like) are not added through further controlling the proportion of B, Sr and Ti, and has an advantage in the aspect of cost, 3) thermodynamic calculation based on a Hill solidification model shows that the solid-liquid coexistence interval in the solidification process of the alloy (embodiment 3) is 70 ℃, and is suitable for semi-solid-state die-casting production, 4) the high-performance of the aluminum alloy is suitable for the field of high-toughness, the field of the aluminum alloy, the field strength of the automobile, the electric appliances, the tensile strength is 150 MPa, the elongation is 0.333%, and the high-strength of the automobile, the automobile.
Finally, it should be noted that: in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy for the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
The aluminum alloy consists of the following components in percentage by weight: al 91.35-94.23%, Si 5.00-7.00%, Mg 0.35-0.60%, Mn 0.30-0.60%, Sr 0.01-0.05%, B0.01-0.05%, Ti 0.10-0.15%, and Fe less than or equal to 0.20%; and the range of the ratio of weight percent C1= B/Sr is 1.00-1.50; the weight percentage ratio C2= Ti/B is in the range of 2.40-7.50;
1S, burdening: preparing raw materials of a silicon source, a magnesium source, an aluminum source, a titanium source, a manganese source, a boron source, a strontium source and an iron source according to the components to prepare an aluminum alloy raw material;
2S smelting and die casting: heating and smelting the raw materials prepared in the step 1S to obtain melt; stirring the melt solution, and casting into a cast ingot;
3S homogenization: carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the ingot obtained in the step 2S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 3-5h, and carrying out water cooling quenching;
4S solid solution: carrying out solid solution on the alloy obtained in the step 3S at 540-560 ℃, preserving heat for 1-3 h, and carrying out water quenching;
5S, aging: and (4) carrying out artificial aging on the alloy obtained in the step (4) at 160-180 ℃, preserving heat for 2-8 h, and cooling to obtain the high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy.
2. The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy for the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural part according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage ratio C2= Ti/B is 3.00-5.00.
3. The method for preparing the cast aluminum alloy for the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural member according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1S, the silicon source is Al-20Si alloy, the magnesium source is a 99.95% magnesium ingot, the aluminum source is a 99.8% aluminum ingot, the titanium source is Al-10Ti alloy, the manganese source is Al-40Mn alloy, the strontium source is Al-10Sr alloy, the boron source is Al-5Ti-1B alloy, and the iron source is 99.95% iron powder or aluminum-iron intermediate alloy.
4. The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy for the high-strength and high-toughness thin-wall structural part according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2S, the smelting temperature is 730-760 ℃; the stirring method includes a mechanical stirring method, an electromagnetic stirring method or an ultrasonic vibration method.
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| CN111270110A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-06-12 | 范卫忠 | Corrosion-resistant high-strength high-toughness high-heat-conductivity aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111254325B (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2021-08-31 | 保定隆达铝业有限公司 | High-performance aluminum alloy for casting thin-wall structural part and preparation method thereof |
| CN111690849A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-09-22 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Refining method of iron-rich phase in Al-Si series die-casting aluminum alloy and alloy |
| CN112522555A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-19 | 华南理工大学 | High-toughness extrusion casting aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114807651A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-07-29 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | high-Mg-content eutectic Al-Si alloy and preparation method and structural member thereof |
| CN114959377A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏大学 | Ultrahigh-strength and high-toughness deformable cast aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN115141960B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-05-23 | 中南大学 | High-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum alloy with low Si content and preparation method thereof |
| CN115074586B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2024-05-14 | 深圳市逸昊金属材料研发有限公司 | High-strength and high-toughness die-casting aluminum alloy and semi-solid composite extrusion casting process thereof |
| CN115572883A (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-01-06 | 重庆三航新材料技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of SiCp reinforced aluminum-based composite material for stirring casting |
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| CN102676885A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-19 | 无锡格莱德科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy ingot |
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