CN110128222A - Tea-seed-cake-based biological extract and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Tea-seed-cake-based biological extract and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 238
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 22
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000007071 enzymatic hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 101710093543 Probable non-specific lipid-transfer protein Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009790 rate-determining step (RDS) Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 abstract description 33
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 108091005658 Basic proteases Proteins 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 29
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
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- -1 Saponin small molecule Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018597 common camellia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/006—Waste from chemical processing of material, e.g. diestillation, roasting, cooking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a tea-seed cake-based biological extract, which comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out microwave treatment on the tea seed cake; (2) carrying out enzymolysis and extraction by adopting alkaline protease, and filtering to obtain filtrate; (3) controlling the pH value of the obtained filtrate to be 4.8-7.0; (4) heating the filtrate to 85-95 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 15-20 minutes; (5) and vacuum concentrating to obtain the tea seed cake-based biological extract. The preparation method of the tea seed cake-based biological extract can effectively improve the extraction rate of tea saponin and the extraction rate of effective components of tea seed cake. The invention also discloses the tea seed cake-based biological extract prepared by the preparation method of the tea seed cake-based biological extract, and the tea seed cake-based biological extract has high content of effective components, stable storage performance, difficult mildew and spoilage and easy use. The invention also discloses a medical fertilizer containing the tea-seed cake-based biological extract prepared by the preparation method of the tea-seed cake-based biological extract.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of extracting methods of natural products, and in particular to a kind of tea seed cake base bio-extract and its preparation
Method.
Background technique
In recent years, all actively developing green agriculture (ecological agriculture, organic agriculture) both at home and abroad, advocating production safety, nothing
Public hazards green food.In order to mitigate pollution caused by chemical pesticide and chemical fertilizer, safeguards agroecological environment, complete country and implement
The research and development of the year two thousand twenty agriculture chemical zero growth rate target, plant source organic medical fertilizer become current hotspot.Since vegetalitas has
Machine medicine fertilizer residual toxicity is low, and lasting effect is strong, not only has preferable insect prevention anthelminthic effect, also has preferable fertilizer efficiency, while energy
Soil, soil protection microorganism, therefore the promotion and application of plant source organic medical fertilizer are adjusted to protect maintenance soil ecology and environment
Protector is significant.
Tea seed cake is the by-product after tea seed, camellia seed liquefaction.China be in the world tea seed yield highest, distribution most
Extensively, the most country of kind, tea seed produces about 182.2 ten thousand tons, 68.4 ten thousand tons of tea seed cake per year within 2014.The utilization of tea seed cake is first
Remaining tea oil in tea seed cake is recycled, then extracts Tea Saponin from the dregs of rice, the dregs of rice after extracting can be used as protein feed or ecological fertilizer.By
In the reasons such as Oil-tea-cake bitter, toxic, a large amount of tea seed cakes is caused to be discarded, causes the very big wasting of resources and environmental pollution.Therefore,
How from tea seed cake high-efficiency environment friendly extracts the organic medical fertilizers effective component such as Tea Saponin and protein, amino acid and polysaccharide, with solution
Certainly tea seed cake problem of complex utilization, and it is used for crop planting, for effectively realizing agricultural wastes comprehensive utilization, prosperity agriculture
It helps already, safeguard agroecological environment and Development of Organic Agriculture etc., all there is considerable meaning.
Tea seed cake contains the substances such as Tea Saponin and protein, amino acid and polysaccharide, thus has fertilizer and desinsection dual simultaneously
Effect is a kind of plant source organic medical fertilizer for having very much market and application prospect.Tea Saponin is directly as biological pesticide, in desinsection
It agent, acaricide and kills in terms of the harmful animals such as other harmful organisms such as Pomacea canaliculata, snail and has good effect.Meanwhile in agriculture
Apparent effect has been embodied in terms of medicine synergy and processing aid.In addition, protein, amino acid and polysaccharide abundant etc. in tea seed cake
Nutriment can be used as efficient organic fertilizer application, plant, work well for crops and fruit tree.
Application for tea seed cake in medicine fertilizer market at present mainly also focuses on an extensive stage, is basically tea
The dregs of rice directly use, this causes utilization rate of active components in tea seed cake low, and drug effect fertilizer efficiency is poor, it is also possible to lead to the pollution to environment.Cause
This, needs to use the extraction of tea seed cake effective component as medicine fertilizer, to improve its utilization rate, enhances its drug effect and fertilizer efficiency.But it is general
When hot water extraction tea seed cake, Tea Saponin extraction rate is low, and especially aqueous tea seed cake extracting solution performance is unstable, and the hydrolase in tea seed cake is led
Tea Saponin hydrolytic precipitation is caused, the mould in tea seed cake easily causes leaching liquor and goes mouldy putrid and deteriorated, and protein extraction rate is low, storage
In just have protein precipitation, this is to limit its technical problem used as medicine fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
A kind of stable tea seed cake of storge quality is provided it is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art place
Base bio-extract and preparation method thereof.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract,
The following steps are included:
(1), microwave treatment is carried out to tea seed cake；
(2), alkali protease is used to carry out Enzymolysis, filtering in water the tea seed cake after step (1) microwave treatment
Take filtrate；In the Enzymolysis, the weight ratio of tea seed cake and water are as follows: tea seed cake: water=1:4~1:10, the alkali protease are used
Amount is the 0.2%~0.5% of tea seed cake quality, and the pH value in controlled enzymatic hydrolysis leaching liquor is 8.0~11.0, the Enzymolysis temperature
It is 45 DEG C~65 DEG C, the Enzymolysis time is 2~5 hours；
(3), the pH value of filtrate obtained by rate-determining steps (2) is 4.8~7.0；
(4), 85 DEG C~95 DEG C, constant temperature 15~20 minutes are heated to filtrate obtained by step (3)；
(5), step (4) acquired solution is concentrated in vacuo to get the tea seed cake base bio-extract.
The preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract of the present invention uses microwave treatment tea seed cake, can effectively improve Tea Saponin
Extraction rate and tea seed cake effective component recovery rate.Tea seed cake after microwave treatment is digested in water phase with alkali protease and is soaked
It mentioning, on the one hand, for water to non-environmental-pollution, extraction process is simple, at low cost, on the other hand, the release of basic protein enzymatic treatment cell
Protein, be broken the protein macromolecule wrapped up in and take Tea Saponin small molecule, be conducive to the dissolution of Tea Saponin and protein, together
When protein be hydrolyzed into polypeptide or amino acid, be conducive to product storage and plant absorption, inventors discovered through research that, alkaline egg
The extracting effect of white enzyme is better than the extracting effect of other enzymes.Under conditions of above-mentioned Enzymolysis, Tea Saponin, protein etc. are effective
The recovery rate of ingredient is higher, and the extraction rate of Tea Saponin is up to 14.5% (weight/original that the extraction rate of Tea Saponin=Tea Saponin leaches
Weight × 100% of tea seed cake in material), the recovery rate of protein the is up to 8.5% (albumen for the recovery rate of protein=extract
Weight × 100% of tea seed cake in weight/raw material of matter), the recovery rate of effective component is up to 36.1%, effective component in the present invention
Refer to Tea Saponin, protein, polypeptide, amino acid and polysaccharide etc..The pH value of filtrate obtained by regulating step (3) is 4.8~7.0, can
So that the property of tea seed cake base bio-extract is more stable.Using the preparation method system of tea seed cake base bio-extract of the present invention
Active constituent content is high in standby obtained tea seed cake base bio-extract, performance is stable, it is putrid and deteriorated and easy to use to be not easy to go mouldy,
It is placed on 65 DEG C and has no within constant temperature 1 month Tea Saponin hydrolytic precipitation phenomenon, be placed on 30 DEG C and have no mildew phenomena in constant temperature 10 months, put
It sets and there are no protein precipitation within constant temperature 10 days at 4 DEG C.
Enzymolysis condition in water phase has biggish shadow to the extraction rate and production cost of Tea Saponin, protein
It rings.When the solid-to-liquid ratio of Enzymolysis is less than 1:4, Tea Saponin, extraction rate of protein are low；When the solid-to-liquid ratio of Enzymolysis is greater than 1:
10, then subsequent concentration evaporation energy consumption is big, high production cost；When Enzymolysis, basic protein enzyme dosage is less than 0.2%, protein
Recovery rate is low, just there is macro-molecular protein precipitating in storage, and basic protein enzyme dosage is greater than 0.5%, then high production cost；
For pH value when Enzymolysis in leaching liquor less than 8, alkaline protease activity is low, and Tea Saponin, extraction rate of protein are low；Work as enzymatic hydrolysis
When pH value when extraction in leaching liquor is greater than 11, Tea Saponin is easy hydrolysis, goes bad, and is unfavorable for extracting.When the temperature of Enzymolysis
When less than 45 DEG C, Tea Saponin, extraction rate of protein are lower；And it is greater than 65 DEG C, alkaline protease activity also reduces low, while tea seed cake
Starch, which starts gelatinization, in powder keeps subsequent filter operation difficult.The Enzymolysis time less than 2 hours, Tea Saponin, extraction rate of protein
It is low；And the Enzymolysis time is greater than 5 hours, production energy consumption increases, and cost increases.Therefore the tea seed cake after microwave treatment is in water phase
Enzymolysis can reach higher Tea Saponin, extraction rate of protein using the Enzymolysis condition of step (2).
Adjusting pH to 4.8~7.0 in step (3) again is the stability for maintenance system；Step (4) is the inactivation of enzyme
Step.
Preferably, in step (2), the weight ratio of the tea seed cake and water are as follows: tea seed cake: water=1:6~1:8.Inventors have found that
Under above-mentioned solid-to-liquid ratio, the recovery rate of protein is higher, and can control production cost.It is highly preferred that the weight of the tea seed cake and water
Measure ratio are as follows: tea seed cake: water=1:7.The solid-to-liquid ratio is the best solid-liquid of the energy consumption of comprehensive extraction rate of protein and subsequent concentration evaporation
Than.
Preferably, in step (2), the basic protein enzyme dosage is the 0.3%~0.5% of tea seed cake quality.Invention human hair
It is existing, when basic protein enzyme dosage within the above range when, can more fully digest, enzymolysis time is more suitable.It is highly preferred that
The basic protein enzyme dosage is the 0.4% of tea seed cake quality.Alkali protease in the additive amount, can in a relatively short period of time,
Sufficiently enzymatic hydrolysis, macro-molecular protein precipitating are minimum.
Preferably, in step (2), the pH value in the Enzymolysis liquid is 9.5~10.5.Inventors have found that above-mentioned
When pH, alkaline protease activity is preferable, and more preferably to the hydrolysis effect of tea seed cake, Tea Saponin, extraction rate of protein are higher.More preferably
Ground, the pH value in the Enzymolysis liquid are 10.Inventors have found that the pH value be alkali protease tea seed cake is extracted it is best
pH。
Preferably, in step (2), the Enzymolysis temperature is 50~60 DEG C, and the Enzymolysis time is 2~3 small
When.The temperature of enzymatic hydrolysis has large effect to the activity of enzyme, inventors have found that when being extracted using above-mentioned temperature and time, alkalinity
Protease is more preferable to the extraction efficiency of tea seed cake, and Tea Saponin, extraction rate of protein are higher.It is highly preferred that the Enzymolysis temperature
It is 55 DEG C, the Enzymolysis time is 2.5 hours.
Most preferably, in step (2), the weight ratio of the tea seed cake and water are as follows: tea seed cake: water=1:7, basic protein enzyme dosage
It is 0.4%, the pH value in controlled enzymatic hydrolysis leaching liquor is 10, and Enzymolysis temperature is 55 DEG C, and the Enzymolysis time is 2.5 hours.
Under conditions of above-mentioned extraction, the recovery rate highest of the effective components such as Tea Saponin, protein.The extraction rate of Tea Saponin is up to
14.5%, the recovery rate of protein is up to 8.5%, and the recovery rate of effective component is up to 36.1%.
Preferably, further include step (1a) before step (1): tea seed cake being crushed, dries to obtain tea seed cake powder, by tea seed cake powder
300 meshes are crossed at end.The tea seed cake powder that the present invention used 300 meshes to obtain is conducive to effective component in less liquid-solid ratio, lower
Temperature, short period leach.
Preferably, in step (1a), the water content for being dried to tea seed cake powder is 3%~5%.Control the aqueous of tea seed cake powder
Amount is in order to which subsequent microwave treatment creates necessary condition, and when water content is less than 3% in tea seed cake powder, heat transfer is situated between when microwave treatment
Quality is too small to be not achieved microwave frequency measurment effect；When water content is greater than 5% in tea seed cake powder, it is easy to cause heating rate too fast,
Destroy extract structure.
Preferably, in step (1), the power of the microwave treatment is 600~800W, the time of microwave treatment is 120~
240s.Inventors have found that can not only have the function of that sterilization is dezymotized to tea seed cake under above-mentioned microwave treatment conditions, moreover it is possible to make solid
Liquid is easily separated；In addition, plant cell wall breaking effect is good, Tea Saponin extraction rate height and tea seed cake effective component extract height.
Preferably, the solid content in the tea seed cake base bio-extract is 50~70%.Consolidating for tea seed cake extract of control contains
Amount be 50~70%, tea seed cake base bio-extract can directly be regarded medicine fertilizer use, also facilitate tea seed cake base bio-extract with
Other drugs are used cooperatively.
Preferably, in step (5), the condition of the vacuum concentration are as follows: vacuum degree is 0.08~0.09MPa, temperature 60
℃-75℃。
The object of the invention is also to provide a kind of preparation method preparations using tea seed cake base bio-extract described above
Made of tea seed cake base bio-extract.
The object of the invention is also to provide a kind of medicine fertilizer, the preparation method comprising tea seed cake base bio-extract described above
The tea seed cake base bio-extract being prepared.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides a kind of tea seed cake base bio-extracts and preparation method thereof, originally
The preparation method of the tea seed cake base bio-extract is invented using microwave treatment tea seed cake powder, the extraction rate of Tea Saponin can be effectively improved
With the recovery rate of tea seed cake effective component.To the tea seed cake powder after microwave treatment in water phase use alkali protease Enzymolysis, one
Aspect, for water to non-environmental-pollution, extraction process is simple, at low cost, on the other hand, the albumen of basic protein enzymatic treatment cell release
Matter has been broken the protein macromolecule wrapped up in and take Tea Saponin small molecule, is conducive to the dissolution of Tea Saponin and protein, while albumen
Matter is hydrolyzed into polypeptide or amino acid, is conducive to product storage and plant absorption.Under conditions of above-mentioned extraction, Tea Saponin, albumen
The recovery rate of the effective components such as matter is higher.The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods using the tea seed cake base bio-extract
The tea seed cake base bio-extract being prepared.It is prepared using the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract of the present invention
Active constituent content is high in tea seed cake base bio-extract, storage performance is stable, it is putrid and deteriorated and easy to use to be not easy to go mouldy.This hair
It is bright to additionally provide a kind of tea seed cake base bio-extract that the preparation method comprising the tea seed cake base bio-extract is prepared
Medicine fertilizer.
Specific embodiment
To better illustrate the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment to the present invention
It is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of embodiment of the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract of the present invention comprising the steps of:
(1), tea seed cake raw material is ground into powder by grinding device grinding, crosses 300 mesh using after drying machine drying
Sieve, obtains tea seed cake powder；
(2), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (1) is put into dryer and is further dried to 4% water content；
(3), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (2) is put into micro-wave oven progress microwave treatment sterilization to dezymotize, microwave power 700W,
Microwave time 180s；
(4), the tea seed cake powder after microwave treatment is subjected to hot water Enzymolysis, the weight ratio of tea seed cake powder and water is 1:
4, basic protein enzyme dosage is the 0.3% of tea seed cake quality, and suitable KOH is added, and the pH value of controlled enzymatic hydrolysis leaching liquor is 9.0, enzyme
65 DEG C of extraction temperature of solution, the Enzymolysis time 2.5 hours, then filters while hot, takes filtrate；
(5), suitable HCl is added in the filtrate obtained by step (4), and stirring, the pH value for controlling filtrate is 4.8；
(6), the filtrate obtained by step (5) is heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature 15 minutes.
(7), step (6) solution is concentrated in vacuo, the vacuum degree of vacuum concentration is 0.09MPa, and temperature is 70 DEG C, i.e.,
Obtain the tea seed cake base bio-extract.
A kind of tea seed cake base biology that the preparation method using tea seed cake base bio-extract described in the present embodiment is prepared mentions
Take object.
Embodiment 2
A kind of embodiment of the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract of the present invention comprising the steps of:
(1), tea seed cake raw material is ground into powder by grinding device grinding, crosses 300 mesh using after drying machine drying
Sieve, obtains tea seed cake powder；
(2), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (1) is put into dryer and is further dried to 4% water content；
(3), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (2) is put into micro-wave oven progress microwave treatment sterilization to dezymotize, microwave power 700W,
Microwave time 180s；
(4), the tea seed cake powder after microwave treatment is subjected to hot water extraction, the weight ratio of tea seed cake powder and water is 1: 6, alkali
Property albumen enzyme dosage be the 0.4% of tea seed cake quality, be added suitable KOH, the pH value of controlled enzymatic hydrolysis leaching liquor is 9.5, enzymatic hydrolysis leaching
Temperature 45 C is mentioned, the Enzymolysis time 2.5 hours, then filters while hot, takes filtrate；
(5), suitable HCl is added in the filtrate obtained by step (4), and stirring, the pH value for controlling filtrate is 5.0；
(6), the filtrate obtained by step (5) is heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature 15 minutes.
(7), step (6) solution is concentrated in vacuo, the vacuum degree of vacuum concentration is 0.09MPa, and temperature is 70 DEG C, i.e.,
Obtain the tea seed cake base bio-extract.
A kind of tea seed cake base biology that the preparation method using tea seed cake base bio-extract described in the present embodiment is prepared mentions
Take object.
Embodiment 3
A kind of embodiment of the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract of the present invention comprising the steps of:
(1), tea seed cake raw material is ground into powder by grinding device grinding, crosses 300 mesh using after drying machine drying
Sieve, obtains tea seed cake powder；
(2), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (1) is put into dryer and is further dried to 4% water content；
(3), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (2) is put into micro-wave oven progress microwave treatment sterilization to dezymotize, microwave power 700W,
Microwave time 180s；
(4), the tea seed cake powder after microwave treatment is subjected to hot water extraction, the weight ratio of tea seed cake powder and water is 1: 6, alkali
Property albumen enzyme dosage be the 0.5% of tea seed cake quality, be added suitable KOH, the pH value of controlled enzymatic hydrolysis leaching liquor is 9.5, enzymatic hydrolysis leaching
Temperature 60 C is mentioned, then Enzymolysis time 2 h filters while hot, takes filtrate；
(5), suitable HCl is added in the filtrate obtained by step (4), and stirring, the pH value for controlling filtrate is 5.4；
(6), the filtrate obtained by step (5) is heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature 15 minutes.
(7), step (6) solution is concentrated in vacuo, the vacuum degree of vacuum concentration is 0.09MPa, and temperature is 70 DEG C, i.e.,
Obtain the tea seed cake base bio-extract.
A kind of tea seed cake base biology that the preparation method using tea seed cake base bio-extract described in the present embodiment is prepared mentions
Take object.
Embodiment 4
A kind of embodiment of the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract of the present invention comprising the steps of:
(1), tea seed cake raw material is ground into powder by grinding device grinding, crosses 300 mesh using after drying machine drying
Sieve, obtains tea seed cake powder；
(2), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (1) is put into dryer and is further dried to 4% water content；
(3), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (2) is put into micro-wave oven progress microwave treatment sterilization to dezymotize, microwave power 700W,
Microwave time 180s；
(4), the tea seed cake powder after microwave treatment is subjected to hot water extraction, the weight ratio of tea seed cake powder and water is 1: 7, alkali
Property albumen enzyme dosage be the 0.3% of tea seed cake quality, be added suitable KOH, the pH value of controlled enzymatic hydrolysis leaching liquor is 10.0, enzymatic hydrolysis leaching
Temperature 50 C is mentioned, the Enzymolysis time 2.5 hours, then filters while hot, takes filtrate；
(5), suitable HCl is added in the filtrate obtained by step (4), and stirring, the pH value for controlling filtrate is 5.8；
(6), the filtrate obtained by step (5) is heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature 15 minutes.
(7), step (6) solution is concentrated in vacuo, the vacuum degree of vacuum concentration is 0.09MPa, and temperature is 70 DEG C, i.e.,
Obtain the tea seed cake base bio-extract.
A kind of tea seed cake base biology that the preparation method using tea seed cake base bio-extract described in the present embodiment is prepared mentions
Take object.
Embodiment 5
A kind of embodiment of the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract of the present invention comprising the steps of:
(1), tea seed cake raw material is ground into powder by grinding device grinding, crosses 300 mesh using after drying machine drying
Sieve, obtains tea seed cake powder；
(2), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (1) is put into dryer and is further dried to 4% water content；
(3), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (2) is put into micro-wave oven progress microwave treatment sterilization to dezymotize, microwave power 700W,
Microwave time 180s；
(4), the tea seed cake powder after microwave treatment is subjected to hot water extraction, the weight ratio of tea seed cake powder and water is 1: 7, alkali
Property albumen enzyme dosage be the 0.4% of tea seed cake quality, be added suitable KOH, the pH value of controlled enzymatic hydrolysis leaching liquor is 10.0, enzymatic hydrolysis leaching
It 55 DEG C of temperature raising degree, the Enzymolysis time 2.5 hours, then filters while hot, takes filtrate；
(5), suitable HCl is added in the filtrate obtained by step (4), and stirring, the pH value for controlling filtrate is 5.7；
(6), the filtrate obtained by step (5) is heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature 15 minutes.
(7), step (6) solution is concentrated in vacuo, the vacuum degree of vacuum concentration is 0.09MPa, and temperature is 70 DEG C, i.e.,
Obtain the tea seed cake base bio-extract.
A kind of tea seed cake base bio-extract that the preparation method using tea seed cake extract described in the present embodiment is prepared.
Embodiment 6
A kind of embodiment of the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract of the present invention comprising the steps of:
(1), tea seed cake raw material is ground into powder by grinding device grinding, crosses 300 mesh using after drying machine drying
Sieve, obtains tea seed cake powder；
(2), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (1) is put into dryer and is further dried to 4% water content；
(3), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (2) is put into micro-wave oven progress microwave treatment sterilization to dezymotize, microwave power 700W,
Microwave time 180s；
(4), the tea seed cake powder after microwave treatment is subjected to hot water extraction, the weight ratio of tea seed cake powder and water is 1: 7, alkali
Property albumen enzyme dosage be the 0.5% of tea seed cake quality, be added suitable KOH, the pH value of controlled enzymatic hydrolysis leaching liquor is 11, Enzymolysis
Temperature 50 C the Enzymolysis time 3 hours, then filters while hot, takes filtrate；
(5), suitable HCl is added in the filtrate obtained by step (4), and stirring, the pH value for controlling filtrate is 7.0；
(6), the filtrate obtained by step (5) is heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature 15 minutes.
(7), step (6) solution is concentrated in vacuo, the vacuum degree of vacuum concentration is 0.08MPa, and temperature is 60 DEG C, i.e.,
Obtain the tea seed cake base bio-extract.
A kind of tea seed cake base biology that the preparation method using tea seed cake base bio-extract described in the present embodiment is prepared mentions
Take object.
Embodiment 7
A kind of embodiment of the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract of the present invention comprising the steps of:
(1), tea seed cake raw material is ground into powder by grinding device grinding, crosses 300 mesh using after drying machine drying
Sieve, obtains tea seed cake powder；
(2), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (1) is put into dryer and is further dried to 4% water content；
(3), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (2) is put into micro-wave oven progress microwave treatment sterilization to dezymotize, microwave power 700W,
Microwave time 180s；
(4), the tea seed cake powder after microwave treatment is subjected to hot water extraction, the weight ratio of tea seed cake powder and water is 1: 5, alkali
Property albumen enzyme dosage be the 0.3% of tea seed cake quality, be added suitable KOH, the pH value of controlled enzymatic hydrolysis leaching liquor is 11, Enzymolysis
Temperature 50 C the Enzymolysis time 5 hours, then filters while hot, takes filtrate；
(5), suitable HCl is added in the filtrate obtained by step (4), and stirring, the pH value for controlling filtrate is 6.0；
(6), the filtrate obtained by step (5) is heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature 15 minutes.
(7), step (6) solution is concentrated in vacuo, the vacuum degree of vacuum concentration is 0.08MPa, and temperature is 75 DEG C, i.e.,
Obtain the tea seed cake base bio-extract.
A kind of tea seed cake base biology that the preparation method using tea seed cake base bio-extract described in the present embodiment is prepared mentions
Take object.
Embodiment 8
A kind of embodiment of the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract of the present invention comprising the steps of:
(1), tea seed cake raw material is ground into powder by grinding device grinding, crosses 300 mesh using after drying machine drying
Sieve, obtains tea seed cake powder；
(2), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (1) is put into dryer and is further dried to 4% water content；
(3), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (2) is put into micro-wave oven progress microwave treatment sterilization to dezymotize, microwave power 700W,
Microwave time 180s；
(4), the tea seed cake powder after microwave treatment is subjected to hot water extraction, the weight ratio of tea seed cake powder and water is 1: 5, alkali
Property albumen enzyme dosage be the 0.5% of tea seed cake quality, be added suitable KOH, the pH value of controlled enzymatic hydrolysis leaching liquor is 11, Enzymolysis
It 55 DEG C of temperature, the Enzymolysis time 2.5 hours, then filters while hot, takes filtrate；
(5), suitable HCl is added in the filtrate obtained by step (4), and stirring, the pH value for controlling filtrate is 5.7；
(6), the filtrate obtained by step (5) is heated to 90 DEG C, constant temperature 15 minutes.
(7), step (6) solution is concentrated in vacuo, the vacuum degree of vacuum concentration is 0.09MPa, and temperature is 70 DEG C, i.e.,
Obtain the tea seed cake base bio-extract.
A kind of tea seed cake base biology that the preparation method using tea seed cake base bio-extract described in the present embodiment is prepared mentions
Take object.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of a kind of comparative example of tea seed cake extract of the present invention, tea seed cake extract described in this comparative example includes
Following steps:
(1), tea seed cake raw material is ground into powder by grinding device grinding, crosses 300 mesh using after drying machine drying
Sieve, obtains tea seed cake powder；
(2), tea seed cake powder is subjected to hot water extraction, the weight ratio of tea seed cake powder and water is 1: 7, and suitable KOH is added, controls
The pH value of leaching liquor processed is 9.5,60 DEG C of extraction temperature, extraction time 3 hours, then filters while hot, takes filtrate；
(3), step (2) solution is concentrated in vacuo, the vacuum degree of vacuum concentration is 0.09MPa, and temperature is 70 DEG C, i.e.,
It obtains tea seed cake and extracts concentrate.
A kind of tea seed cake extract that the preparation method using tea seed cake extract described in this comparative example is prepared.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of a kind of comparative example of tea seed cake extract of the present invention, tea seed cake extract described in this comparative example includes
Following steps:
(1), tea seed cake raw material is ground into powder by grinding device grinding, crosses 300 mesh using after drying machine drying
Sieve, obtains tea seed cake powder；
(2), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (1) is put into dryer and is further dried to 5% water content；
(3), the tea seed cake powder after drying is subjected to hot water extraction, the weight ratio of tea seed cake powder and water is 1: 7, is added appropriate
KOH, control leaching liquor pH value be 9.5,60 DEG C of extraction temperature, extraction time 3 hours, then filter while hot, take filtrate；
(4), suitable HCl is added in the filtrate obtained by step (3), and stirring, the pH value for controlling filtrate is 5.2；
(5), step (4) solution is concentrated in vacuo, the vacuum degree of vacuum concentration is 0.09MPa, and temperature is 70 DEG C, i.e.,
It obtains the tea seed cake and extracts concentrate.
A kind of tea seed cake extract that the preparation method using tea seed cake extract described in this comparative example is prepared.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of a kind of comparative example of tea seed cake extract of the present invention, tea seed cake extract described in this comparative example includes
Following steps:
(1), tea seed cake raw material is ground into powder by grinding device grinding, crosses 300 mesh using after drying machine drying
Sieve, obtains tea seed cake powder；
(2), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (1) is put into dryer and is further dried to 4% water content；
(3), tea seed cake powder obtained by step (2) is put into micro-wave oven progress microwave treatment sterilization to dezymotize, microwave power 700W,
Microwave time 180s；
(4), the tea seed cake powder after microwave treatment is subjected to hot water extraction, the weight ratio of tea seed cake powder and water is 1: 7, is added
Enter suitable KOH, the pH value for controlling leaching liquor is 9.5,60 DEG C of extraction temperature, extraction time 3 hours, then filters, takes while hot
Filtrate；
(5), filtrate obtained by step (4) is concentrated in vacuo, the vacuum degree of vacuum concentration is 0.09MPa, temperature 70
DEG C to get the tea seed cake extract concentrate.
A kind of tea seed cake extract that the preparation method using tea seed cake extract described in this comparative example is prepared.
Embodiment 9
Examples 1 to 8 and the Specifeca tion speeification of the tea seed cake base bio-extract of comparative example 1~3 are as shown in table 1.
The Specifeca tion speeification of 1 Examples 1 to 8 of table and the tea seed cake base bio-extract of comparative example 1~3
It can be seen that compared with comparative example 1~3 from the data of table 1, in tea seed cake base bio-extract described in Examples 1 to 8
Active constituent content is high, performance is stable, it is putrid and deteriorated and easy to use to be not easy to go mouldy, and is placed on 65 DEG C and has no tea in constant temperature 1 month
Saponin hydrolytic precipitation phenomenon is placed on 30 DEG C and has no mildew phenomena in constant temperature 10 months, is placed on 4 DEG C of constant temperature protein precipitation on the 10th
Test is generated without precipitating.And obtained through many experiments, it is prepared using the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract described in embodiment 5
Tea seed cake base bio-extract in active constituent content highest.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than protects to the present invention
The limitation of range is protected, although the invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should
Understand, it can be with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, without departing from the essence of technical solution of the present invention
And range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract, which comprises the following steps:
(1), microwave treatment is carried out to tea seed cake；
(2), it uses alkali protease to carry out Enzymolysis in water the tea seed cake after step (1) microwave treatment, filters to take filter
Liquid；In the Enzymolysis, the weight ratio of tea seed cake and water are as follows: tea seed cake: water=1:4~1:10, the basic protein enzyme dosage are
The 0.2%~0.5% of tea seed cake quality, the pH value in controlled enzymatic hydrolysis leaching liquor are 8.0~11.0, and the Enzymolysis temperature is 45
DEG C~65 DEG C, the Enzymolysis time is 2~5 hours；
(3), the pH value of filtrate obtained by rate-determining steps (2) is 4.8~7.0；
(4), 85 DEG C~95 DEG C, constant temperature 15~20 minutes are heated to filtrate obtained by step (3)；
(5), step (4) acquired solution is concentrated in vacuo to get the tea seed cake base bio-extract.
2. the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), the tea seed cake
With the weight ratio of water are as follows: tea seed cake: water=1:6~1:8；Preferably, the weight ratio of the tea seed cake and water are as follows: tea seed cake: water=1:7.
3. the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), the alkalinity
Albumen enzyme dosage is the 0.3%~0.5% of tea seed cake quality；Preferably, the basic protein enzyme dosage is tea seed cake quality
0.4%.
4. the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), the enzymatic hydrolysis
PH value in leaching liquor is 9.5~10.5；Preferably, the pH value in the Enzymolysis liquid is 10.
5. the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), the enzymatic hydrolysis
Extraction temperature is 50~60 DEG C, and the Enzymolysis time is 2~3 hours；Preferably, the Enzymolysis temperature is 55 DEG C,
The Enzymolysis time is 2.5 hours.
6. the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that also wrapped before step (1)
It includes step (1a): tea seed cake being crushed, dries to obtain tea seed cake powder, tea seed cake powder is crossed into 300 meshes；Preferably, it in step (1a), dries
Doing to the water content of tea seed cake powder is 3%~5%.
7. the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the microwave
The power of processing is 600~800W, and the time of microwave treatment is 120~240s.
8. the preparation method of tea seed cake base bio-extract as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the tea seed cake base biology extracts
Solid content in object is 50~70%.
9. a kind of tea that the preparation method using tea seed cake base bio-extract described in any one of claim 1~8 is prepared
Dregs of rice base bio-extract.
10. a kind of medicine fertilizer, which is characterized in that the preparation comprising tea seed cake base bio-extract described in any one of claim 1~8
The tea seed cake base bio-extract that method is prepared.
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| CN113024629A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-06-25 | 贵州乔盛生物科技有限公司 | Tea saponin purification method |
| CN113173828A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-07-27 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Nano selenium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114213190A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-22 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Tea seed cake extract/emamectin benzoate compound pesticide fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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