CN110123349A - A kind of bone density measurement method and device - Google Patents
A kind of bone density measurement method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bone density measurement method and devices, this method comprises: acquisition patient needs Low energy scattering sampled images and low energy target image of the scanned position under identical low energy conditions of exposure, and high-energy scattering sampled images and high energy target image under identical high energy conditions of exposure；Scattering component is determined respectively according to the Low energy scattering sampled images and the high-energy scattering sampled images, obtains Low energy scattering component and high-energy scattering component；The low energy target image is removed into the low-energy correction image after the Low energy scattering component obtains scattering, the high energy target image is removed into the high-energy scattering component and obtains the high energy amendment image after scattering；The bone density of scanned position is determined according to the low-energy correction image and high energy amendment image.The measurement method can be removed because of influence caused by scattering objective image quality in scanning process, so as to improve the accuracy of bone density measurement result.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical imaging processing technology fields, more particularly to a kind of bone density measurement method and device.
Background technique
In recent years, osteoporosis illness is receive more and more attention, and bone densitometry being capable of accurate and criterion and quantity
Ground provides the diagnostic result of tester's sclerotin.
Currently, measurement bone density medical image principle specifically include that dual-energy x-ray absorption measurement method, photon absorption,
Neutron activation analysiss, ultrasonic quantitative measurement and nuclear magnetic resonance measuring method；Wherein, dual-energy x-ray absorption measurement method is because having
The advantage that image taking speed is fast, result stability is good, usually as the measuring method recommended in medical diagnosis.
It is existing that mostly use using dual-energy x-ray absorption measurement method as the bone density meter of theoretical basis is that fladellum X is penetrated
The mode of line scanning, is usually added slit collimator among bulb and flat panel detector, keeps ray interested with fan illumination
Region, which single pass area is big, and sweep time is short.But there are the following problems for this kind of mode: because ray will first pass through
Slit collimator reduces the utilization rate of ray；When ray passes through human body, due to the influence of Bone and soft tissue, can bring
Scattering, to influence the accuracy of final bone density value.
It is this field to improve the accuracy of bone density measurement in view of this, how to improve existing bone densitometry mode
The current technical issues that need to address of technical staff.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of bone density measurement method and device, this method and device can reduce scattering pair
The influence of scan image quality, to improve the accuracy of bone density measurement.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of bone density measurement method, which comprises
Acquisition patient needs Low energy scattering sampled images and low energy target figure of the scanned position under identical low energy conditions of exposure
Picture, and high-energy scattering sampled images and high energy target image under identical high energy conditions of exposure；
Scattering component is determined respectively according to the Low energy scattering sampled images and the high-energy scattering sampled images, is obtained low
It can scattering component and high-energy scattering component；
The low energy target image is removed into the low-energy correction image after the Low energy scattering component obtains scattering, by institute
State high energy target image remove the high-energy scattering component obtain scattering after high energy amendment image；
The bone density of scanned position is determined according to the low-energy correction image and high energy amendment image.
Bone density measurement method as described above, the method also includes:
Acquire the low energy sky bat image under same low energy conditions of exposure and the high energy sky bat figure under same high energy conditions of exposure
Picture；
Obtain the average gray value I that the low energy sky claps imageOLThe average gray value I of image is clapped with the high energy skyOH；
It is described to determine that the bone density of scanned position includes: according to the low-energy correction image and high energy amendment image
Obtain the average gray value GrayH and the low-energy correction of scanned position corresponding region in the high energy amendment image
The average gray value GrayL of scanned position corresponding region in image；And obtain scanned position corresponding region in scan image
Area S；
The bone density of the scanned position is obtained by following calculation formula:
R=ρ * S/t；
T=a+bH+cL+dHL+eH2+fL2；
H=-ln (GrayH/IOH)；
L=-ln (GrayL/IOL)；
Wherein, R is bone density, and ρ is the density of bone salts, and t is bone thickness；
H is the pad value that the high energy corrects scanned position corresponding region in image, and L is to sweep in the low-energy correction image
Retouch the pad value of position corresponding region；
A, b, c, d, e, f are correction coefficient.
Bone density measurement method as described above, the determination method of each correction coefficient a, b, c, d, e, f include:
Preparation simulation needs multiple simulated tissues of scanned position, and the simulated tissue includes simulation soft tissue and simulation bone
Tissue；The thickness t of the simulation skeletal tissue of each simulated tissuenIt is different；
The low energy simulation image gone after scattering for obtaining each simulated tissue under same low energy conditions of exposure, obtains same
The high energy analog image of each simulated tissue gone after scattering under high energy conditions of exposure；
Calculate the low energy pad value of simulated tissue corresponding region in the low energy simulation image of each simulated tissue
LnAnd in the high energy analog image of each simulated tissue simulated tissue corresponding region high energy pad value Hn；
Wherein, Ln=-ln (GrayLn/IOL), Hn=-ln (GrayHn/IOH)；In formula, GrayLnFor the low energy simulation figure
The average gray value of simulated tissue corresponding region, GrayH as innFor simulated tissue corresponding region in the high energy analog image
Average gray value；
By the thickness t of each simulation skeletal tissuenAnd corresponding low energy pad value Ln, high energy pad value HnIt substitutes into public
Formula tn=a+bHn+cLn+dHnLn+eHn 2+fLn 2, and calculate each correction coefficient a, b, c, d, e, f.
Bone density measurement method as described above, the simulation for simulating the same multiple simulated tissues for needing scanned position are soft
The thickness of tissue is also different.
Bone density measurement method as described above, the simulation soft tissue are made of polymethyl methacrylate, the mould
Quasi- skeletal tissue is made of aluminum.
Bone density measurement method as described above,
The acquisition patient needs Low energy scattering sampled images and low energy mesh of the scanned position under identical low energy conditions of exposure
Logo image, and high-energy scattering sampled images and high energy target image under identical high energy conditions of exposure, comprising: forming institute
State the decaying die body placed in the optical path of Low energy scattering sampled images and the high-energy scattering sampled images for scattering sampling；Institute
Stating decaying die body includes multiple decaying bodies arranged in a matrix；
The determination method of the scattering component includes: to obtain decaying body position in the decaying die body to scatter sampled images
In corresponding scattering value, according to the scattering value of acquisition determine it is described decaying die body in it is non-decaying body position scattering value, with determination
Preliminary dispersion image is smoothed to obtain dispersion image, be obtained according to the dispersion image to the preliminary dispersion image
The scattering component.
Bone density measurement method as described above, the decaying body is specially lead pan.
Bone density measurement method as described above, in the decaying die body, each decaying body is equidistantly arranged.
The present invention also provides a kind of bone density measurement devices, including ray generator, image acquisition device, scattering prediction module
With bone density determining module；
The ray generator can generate the low energy power spectrum ray to form low energy conditions of exposure and form high energy exposure item
The high energy power spectrum ray of part, and the first optical path of low energy target image and high energy target image can be used to form and be used for
It is formed between Low energy scattering sampled images and the second optical path of high-energy scattering sampled images and is switched；
Wherein, the first optical path is placed with filtration, and the second optical path is placed with the decaying die body for scattering sampling；
Described image collector is used to acquire the projected image that the ray generator scanning patient needs scanned position to generate,
To obtain the Low energy scattering sampled images and the low energy target image under identical low energy conditions of exposure, and obtain identical
The high-energy scattering sampled images and the high energy target image under high energy conditions of exposure；
The Low energy scattering sampled images and institute that the scattering prediction module is used to be obtained according to described image collector
It states high-energy scattering sampled images and determines scattering component respectively, obtain Low energy scattering component and high-energy scattering component；
The low energy target image and high energy target that the bone density determining module is used to be obtained according to described image collector
Image and the Low energy scattering component and the high-energy scattering component of the scattering prediction module output, obtain scattering
Rear low-energy correction image and the high energy amendment image after scattering is removed, and is corrected according to the low-energy correction image and the high energy
Image determines the bone density of scanned position.
Bone density measurement device as described above, the ray generator include bulb, high pressure generator and beam-defining clipper,
In, the beam-defining clipper can switch between first optical path and second optical path；The beam-defining clipper switches to described
In the state of two optical paths, the decaying die body covers the opening of the beam-defining clipper；
Described image collector is specially flat panel detector.
Bone density measurement device as described above, the decaying die body include multiple decaying bodies arranged in a matrix；
The scattering prediction module includes acquiring unit and processing unit；
It is corresponding in the scattering sampled images that the acquiring unit can obtain body position of decaying in the decaying die body
The first scattering value；
The processing unit can be according to non-decaying body position in first scattering value calculating decaying die body in institute
Corresponding second scattering value in scattering sampled images is stated, with the preliminary dispersion image of determination；
The processing unit can also be smoothed the preliminary dispersion image to obtain dispersion image, and according to
The dispersion image determines the scattering component.
Bone density measurement device as described above further includes memory module, and the bone density determining module includes that identification is single
Member, image processing unit and computing unit；
The memory module prestores low energy exposure parameter corresponding with scanned position, high energy exposure parameter and correction system
Number；
The ray generator can be according to needing scanned position to call corresponding low energy exposure parameter in the memory module
With high energy exposure parameter to generate corresponding low energy ray and high-energy ray；
The recognition unit can identify the corresponding region of scanned position in scan image, and determine the face of corresponding region
Product；
After described image processing unit is used to handle to obtain scattering the target image according to the scattering component
Amendment image；
The computing unit includes the first computing unit, the second computing unit and third computing unit；Described first calculates
Unit is used to calculate the pad value of scanned position corresponding region in the amendment image according to the amendment image；
Second computing unit is swept for corresponding to for being prestored according to the memory module of the pad value and calling
The correction coefficient for retouching position calculates the bone thickness of scanned position；
The third computing unit is used for the areal calculation scanner section determined according to the bone thickness and the recognition unit
The bone density of position.
Bone density measurement method and apparatus provided by the invention also obtain while obtaining the target image of scanned position
The scattering sampled images under identical conditions of exposure are taken, determine scattering component based on scattering sampled images, and according to scattering component pair
Target image obtains amendment image after carrying out scattering processing, and the bone thickness of scanned position is determined according to amendment image；The survey
Amount method and measuring device can be removed because of influence caused by scattering objective image quality in scanning process, so as to improve
The accuracy of bone density measurement result.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of specific embodiment of bone density measurement method provided by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the determination method of scattering component in specific embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of the determination method of correction coefficient in bone thickness equations in specific embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of decaying die body in specific embodiment；
Fig. 5 a- Fig. 5 c shows scattering prediction module when scanned position is arm and illustrates to the processing of scattering sampled images
Figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description
The present invention is described in further detail.
It is succinct for convenience of understanding and describing, illustrate together below in conjunction with bone density measurement method and apparatus, beneficial effect portion
Divide and is not repeated to discuss.
Referring to FIG. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of process signal of specific embodiment of bone density measurement method provided by the present invention
Figure.
In the embodiment, bone density measurement method includes:
Step S100, acquisition patient needs Low energy scattering sampled images of the scanned position under identical low energy conditions of exposure and low
Energy target image, and high-energy scattering sampled images and high energy target image under identical high energy conditions of exposure；
Bone density measurement device includes ray generator and image acquisition device, wherein ray generator is for generating high energy
With the ray of two kinds of power spectrums of low energy, low energy conditions of exposure and high energy conditions of exposure required when scanned position are scanned to be formed.
Ray generator can also the first optical path for being placed with filtration and be placed with decaying die body the second optical path between
Switching, wherein decaying die body is for scattering sampling.
When ray generator needs scanned position through the scanning of the first optical path, image acquisition device acquired image is scanned position
Target image, ray generator through the second optical path scanning need scanned position when, because have decay die body setting, image acquisition device
Collected is scattering sampled images.
What needs to be explained here is that the effect of filtration is the ray for removing low energy, reduce ray hardened to target image
The influence of quality.
There is also the need to explanation, the low energy and high energy being referred to herein are opposite concepts, for different scanning
For position, corresponding parameter is different with high energy conditions of exposure for low energy conditions of exposure, specifically can be according to practical application request come really
It is fixed.
Step S200, scattering component is determined respectively according to Low energy scattering sampled images and high-energy scattering sampled images, obtain
Low energy scattering component and high-energy scattering component；
Low energy target image removal Low energy scattering component is obtained into the low-energy correction image after scattering, by high energy target figure
The high energy amendment image after scattering is obtained as removal high-energy scattering component；
The bone density of scanned position is determined according to low-energy correction image and high energy amendment image.
Bone density measurement device further includes scattering prediction module and bone density determining module.
Wherein, scattering prediction module can obtain the Low energy scattering sampled images of image acquisition device acquisition and high-energy scattering is adopted
Sampled images, and determine the Low energy scattering component of Low energy scattering sampled images and the high-energy scattering component of high-energy scattering sampled images.
It should be pointed out that in practical application, Low energy scattering component and high-energy scattering component are also table in the form of images
It is existing.
Wherein, bone density determining module can be according to the Low energy scattering component and high-energy scattering point of scattering prediction module output
The low energy target image and high energy target image of amount and image acquisition device acquisition determine the bone density of scanned position.
Specifically, bone density determining module obtains low-energy correction after low energy target image capable of being removed Low energy scattering component
Image obtains high energy amendment image after high energy target image is removed high-energy scattering component, repairs further according to the low energy of scanned position
Positive image and high energy amendment image determine bone density.
In specific scheme, ray generator includes bulb, high pressure generator and beam-defining clipper, wherein beam-defining clipper can be
Switch between first optical path and the second optical path, specifically, beam-defining clipper, which allows hand over, places filtration in the optical path and for scattering
The decaying die body of sampling, to realize the switching between the first optical path and the second optical path；Wherein, beam-defining clipper switches to the second optical path
In the state of, the opening of decaying die body covering beam-defining clipper.
Image Acquisition implement body selects flat panel detector, in this way, ray utilization rate is high, speed is fast, and cost is lower, Neng Goukuo
Scene applicable greatly.
As above, the bone density measurement method and apparatus which provides are obtaining the same of the target image of scanned position
When, the scattering sampled images under identical conditions of exposure are also obtained, determine scattering component based on scattering sampled images, and according to scattering
Component obtains amendment image after carrying out scattering processing to target image, determines that the bone of scanned position is thick according to amendment image
Degree；The measurement method and measuring device can be removed because of influence caused by scattering objective image quality in scanning process, thus
It can be improved the accuracy of bone density measurement result.
In the embodiment, in the step S100 of bone density measurement method, the low energy under same low energy conditions of exposure is also acquired
Sky claps the high energy sky under image and same high energy conditions of exposure and claps image.
That is, obtaining, low energy sky claps image and obtains Low energy scattering sampled images, the low energy of low energy target image exposes
Striation part is identical, obtains high energy sky and claps image and obtain the high energy conditions of exposure of high-energy scattering sampled images, high energy target image
It is identical.
In step S200, image is clapped also according to low energy sky and determines its average gray value IOL, image is clapped according to high energy sky and is determined
Its average gray value IOH。
The bone density of scanned position is determined by following calculation formula (1).
R=ρ * S/t (1)
Wherein, R is bone density, and ρ is the density of bone salts, which is known fixed value, and t is bone thickness, and S is scan image
The area of middle scanned position corresponding region.Herein, scan image includes scattering sampled images, the mesh scanned to scanned position
Logo image or amendment image after treatment etc..
It is to be herein pointed out the projected image finally obtained includes usually the scanning when scanning scanned position
The rectangular picture at position, that is to say, that in projected image and be not all the corresponding image of scanned position, but actually need to only obtain
Know the corresponding area information of scanned position, the area S of the scanned position corresponding region in formula (1) can be according to acquisition
Target image obtains；It is appreciated that for same scanned position, each scattering sampled images, the target image of aforementioned acquisition
Region area corresponding with scanned position in amendment image is almost the same, but because scattering sampled images have depositing for decaying die body
, it will affect the acquisition of region area, so in actual mechanical process, selected objective target image or the amendment image that carries out that treated
Scanned position corresponding region area in projected image is determined, to improve the accuracy of measurement.
Bone thickness t is calculated by following formula (2) and is determined in formula (1):
T=a+bH+cL+dHL+eH2+fL2 (2)
In formula, H is the pad value that high energy corrects scanned position corresponding region in image, and L is to scan in low-energy correction image
The pad value of position corresponding region, a, b, c, d, e, f are correction coefficient.
Each correction coefficient can be determined in advance, and when calculating need to only call.
Wherein, H and L can pass through following formula (3) respectively, (4) calculate and determine:
H=-ln (GrayH/IOH) (3)
L=-ln (GrayL/IOL) (4)
In the embodiment, bone density measurement device further includes memory module, which prestores and scanned position pair
The correction coefficient in low energy exposure parameter, high energy exposure parameter and formula (2) answered.
For different scanned positions, low energy exposure parameter is different with high energy exposure parameter, equally
Ground, for different scanned positions, the occurrence of correction coefficient a, b, c, d, e, f in formula (2) are also different.Namely
It says, each scanned position is corresponding with one group of low energy exposure parameter, high energy exposure parameter and correction coefficient.
In practical applications, it can be stored in advance by multiple scanned positions and with the one-to-one parameter of each scanned position in advance
In a storage module, corresponding calculating parameter is called according to scanned position in scanning.
It further, can also be in advance by the average gray value for clapping image empty under low energy exposure parameter corresponding with scanned position
IOLWith the average gray value I for clapping image empty under high energy exposure parameter corresponding with scanned positionOHIt is stored in memory module, with
It is called as needed when standby scanning.
It is appreciated that for determining scanned position, low energy exposure parameter and high energy exposure parameter be it is determining,
Correspondingly, the empty average gray value I for clapping image under the low energy exposure parameter and high energy exposure parameterOLAnd IOHIt is also determination, in advance
It first calculates and is stored in memory module after determining, the process that actual scanning calculates bone density can be shortened, reduce bone density measurement institute
The time needed.
In the embodiment, the bone density determining module of bone density measurement device specifically includes recognition unit, image procossing list
Member and computing unit.
Wherein, recognition unit can identify the corresponding region of scanned position in scan image, and determine the face of corresponding region
Product.
The scattering component that image processing unit is used to be determined according to scattering prediction module handles to obtain target image
To go scattering after amendment image；Specifically, after low energy target image can be removed Low energy scattering component by image processing unit
Low-energy correction image is obtained, obtains high energy amendment image after high energy target image is removed high-energy scattering component.
Computing unit specifically includes the first computing unit, the second computing unit and third computing unit.
Wherein, the first computing unit is used to calculate low-energy correction figure according to the low-energy correction image that image processing unit determines
The pad value L of scanned position corresponding region as in, and the high energy amendment image determined according to image processing unit calculate high energy
Correct the pad value H of scanned position corresponding region in image.First computing unit can call during calculating pad value
The I corresponding with scanned position stored in advance in memory moduleOHAnd IOL.Specifically, it can be stored in the first computing unit above-mentioned
Formula (3), (4), calculate associated attenuation value to call.
In pad value H, L and calling memory module that second computing unit is used to be calculated according to the first computing unit with scanning
The corresponding correction coefficient in position calculates the bone thickness of scanned position；Specifically, above-mentioned formula can be stored in the second computing unit
(2), bone thickness is calculated to call.
Third computing unit is based on the area that the bone thickness that the computing unit according to second calculates and recognition unit determine
The bone density for calculating scanned position, can specifically, in third computing unit be stored with above-mentioned formula (1), calculate bone thickness to call
Degree.
In the embodiment, in the step S100 of bone density measurement method, placed in the optical path for forming scattering sampled images
For scattering the decaying die body of sampling；Wherein, which includes multiple decaying bodies arranged in a matrix；
Referring to FIG. 2, Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of the determination method of scattering component in specific embodiment.
In step S200, the determination method of scattering component includes:
Step A1, decaying body position corresponding scattering value in scattering sampled images in decaying die body is obtained；
Step A2, non-in decaying die body decline is determined according to the scattering value of the spread parameter for body of decaying in decaying die body and acquisition
Subtract the scattering value of body position, with the preliminary dispersion image of determination；
Step A3, preliminary dispersion image is smoothed to obtain dispersion image, is determined according to the dispersion image scattered
Penetrate component.
In bone density measurement device, the decaying die body placed in the second optical path is specifically also arranged in a matrix multiple
Decaying body；Scattering prediction module specifically includes acquiring unit and processing unit, wherein acquiring unit can obtain in decaying die body
Decay body position corresponding first scattering value in scattering sampled images, and processing unit can be calculated according to the first scattering value decays
Non- decaying body position corresponding second scattering value in scattering sampled images in die body, with the preliminary dispersion image of determination, processing is single
Member can also be smoothed preliminary dispersion image to obtain dispersion image, and determine scattering component according to dispersion image.
Specifically, for the ray that bulb issues after overdamping body, the ray that flat panel detector can receive is almost 0,
In this way it is believed that in scattering sampled images decaying body position gray value obtained be entirely as caused by scattering, can be with
Scattering value is characterized with the gray value, that is to say, that in scattering sampled images, the gray value of decaying body position is above-mentioned the
One scattering value.
It, can be according to the relative position between each decaying body because the relative position for body of respectively decaying in decaying die body determines
Relationship and the first scattering value determine the second scattering value of non-decaying body position.
Specifically, it can be determined by linear interpolation, it will be understood that the preliminary dispersion image after linear interpolation processing
And it is unsmooth, but scattering itself should be smooth in practice, so obtaining preliminary scatter diagram by linear interpolation processing
As after, also further the preliminary dispersion image is smoothed to obtain can determine the dispersion image of scattering component.It is flat
The mode of filtering specifically can be used in the mode of sliding processing, can also choose other processing modes in practice certainly.
It is to be herein pointed out scattering component is showed by way of image in this programme, that is to say, that by above-mentioned
The dispersion image that mode obtains is that is, scattering component.
By experimental study, the decaying body in die body of decaying specifically selects lead pan, to ensure to scatter the accuracy of prediction.
When specific setting, in die body of decaying, each body of decaying equidistantly is arranged, in this way dissipating convenient for subsequent non-decaying body position
Penetrate the calculating of value.
It please refers to Fig. 4 to understand, is the structure diagram for die body of decaying in specific embodiment in Fig. 4, in diagram, each body 10 of decaying
Equidistant arrangement.
The spacing distance decayed between the thickness of body, diameter and lead pan can be arranged according to practical application request.
Fig. 5 a- Fig. 5 c understanding is please referred to, Fig. 5 a- Fig. 5 c shows and scatters prediction module to scattering when scanned position is arm
The processing schematic of sampled images.
Fig. 5 a show the scattering sampled images that scanning arm obtains, and Fig. 5 b, which is shown, carries out interpolation to image shown in Fig. 5 a
The preliminary dispersion image obtained after processing, there it can be seen that the image obtained after interpolation is unsmooth, the side of arm corresponding region
Edge is more sharp, Fig. 5 c is shown image shown in Fig. 5 b is smoothed after obtained dispersion image.
Referring to FIG. 3, the process that Fig. 3 is the determination method of correction coefficient in bone thickness equations in specific embodiment is shown
It is intended to.
In the embodiment, the determination method of each correction coefficient a, b, c, d, e, f include: in aforementioned formula (2)
Step B1, preparation simulation needs multiple simulated tissues of scanned position, which includes simulation soft tissue and mould
Quasi- skeletal tissue；The thickness t of the simulation skeletal tissue of each simulated tissuenIt is different；
It is appreciated that corresponding to a scanned position, need to prepare the mould of multiple different-thickness for simulating the scanned position
Quasi- tissue；
Step B2, the low energy simulation image of each simulated tissue under same low energy conditions of exposure gone after scattering is obtained；
Obtain the high energy analog image of each simulated tissue under same high energy conditions of exposure gone after scattering；
It is appreciated that the conditions of exposure being scanned in the step to simulated tissue and the conditions of exposure phase for needing sweep unit
Together, in this way, can just obtain corresponding to the accurate correction coefficient for needing scanned position.
Wherein, the mode and aforementioned acquisition for obtaining the low energy simulation image of each simulated tissue gone after scattering need scanned position
Amendment image mode it is similar, be not repeated to illustrate herein.
Step B3, the low energy pad value of simulated tissue corresponding region in the low energy simulation image of each simulated tissue is calculated
LnAnd in the high energy analog image of each simulated tissue simulated tissue corresponding region high energy pad value Hn；
Wherein, Ln=-ln (GrayLn/IOL), Hn=-ln (GrayHn/IOH)；
In formula, GrayLnFor the average gray value of simulated tissue corresponding region in low energy simulation image, GrayHnFor high energy mould
The average gray value of simulated tissue corresponding region, I in quasi- imageOLBeing averaged for image is clapped for low energy sky under same low energy conditions of exposure
Gray value, IOHThe average gray value of image is clapped for high energy sky under same high energy conditions of exposure.
What needs to be explained here is that as indicated above, calculating during actual measurement bone density, to bone density
It is related to IOHAnd IOL, and the two values can be determined in advance, in order to be called when survey calculation, and for different scanning
For position, calling when each correction coefficient is also required to that storage is determined in advance in case of subsequent survey calculation, so, for same scanning
For position, I can be determined at firstOHAnd IOL。
Step B4, by the thickness t of the simulation skeletal tissue of each simulated tissuenAnd corresponding low energy pad value Ln, high energy declines
Depreciation HnSubstitute into formula tn=a+bHn+cLn+dHnLn+eHn 2+fLn 2, and calculate each correction coefficient a, b, c, d, e, f.
Obviously, the formula in the step is the aforementioned formula (2) referred to
It is appreciated that the thickness t of the simulation skeletal tissue of each simulated tissuenBe it is known, by step B2 and step
After B3, overdetermination side is can be obtained after substituting into formula (2) in the low energy pad value and high energy pad value of available each simulated tissue
Journey:
t1=a+bH1+cL1+dH1L1+eH1 2+fL1 2
t2=a+bH2+cL2+dH2L2+eH2 2+fL2 2
t3=a+bH3+cL3+dH3L3+eH3 2+fL3 2
……
tn=a+bHn+cLn+dHnLn+eHn 2+fLn 2
6 correction coefficient a, b, c, d, e, f can be calculated with the method for least square fitting or other calculation methods.
In practice, the number for the simulated tissue for needing scanned position corresponding to one and the thickness of each simulated tissue can roots
It is arranged according to calculating demand, as long as being capable of determining that above-mentioned 6 correction coefficient for needing scanned position corresponding to this.
In specific scheme, the simulation soft tissue of simulated tissue can be used polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and be made, mould
Quasi- skeletal tissue can be used aluminium and be made, and can facilitate and be scanned to simulated tissue.In practical application, simulated tissue be can also be used
Other materials is made.
For human body, soft tissue and bone thickness are different, and in practical application, are preparing simulated tissue
When can refer to that the simulated tissue is corresponding to need scanned position to determine its thickness.
It may also be noted that the thickness because of soft tissue also will affect pad value, so determining the above-mentioned of correction coefficient
In step B1, for simulate it is same need multiple simulated tissues of scanned position for, except by the simulation bone group of each simulated tissue
The thickness difference setting knitted is outer, and also the thickness difference of the simulation soft tissue of each simulated tissue is arranged.
A kind of bone density measurement method and device provided by the present invention is described in detail above.It answers herein
With a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, the explanation of above example is only intended to help to manage
Solve method and its core concept of the invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, not departing from
, can be with several improvements and modifications are made to the present invention under the premise of the principle of the invention, these improvement and modification also fall into this hair
In bright scope of protection of the claims.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of bone density measurement method, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Acquisition patient needs Low energy scattering sampled images and low energy target image of the scanned position under identical low energy conditions of exposure, with
And high-energy scattering sampled images and high energy target image under identical high energy conditions of exposure；
Scattering component is determined respectively according to the Low energy scattering sampled images and the high-energy scattering sampled images, obtains low-energy-spread
Penetrate component and high-energy scattering component；
The low energy target image is removed into the low-energy correction image after the Low energy scattering component obtains scattering, by the height
Energy target image removes the high-energy scattering component and obtains the high energy amendment image after scattering；
The bone density of scanned position is determined according to the low-energy correction image and high energy amendment image.
2. bone density measurement method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method also includes:
It acquires the high energy sky that the low energy sky under same low energy conditions of exposure is clapped under image and same high energy conditions of exposure and claps image；
Obtain the average gray value I that the low energy sky claps imageOLThe average gray value I of image is clapped with the high energy skyOH；
It is described to determine that the bone density of scanned position includes: according to the low-energy correction image and high energy amendment image
Obtain the average gray value GrayH and the low-energy correction image of scanned position corresponding region in the high energy amendment image
The average gray value GrayL of middle scanned position corresponding region；And obtain the area of scanned position corresponding region in scan image
S；
The bone density of the scanned position is obtained by following calculation formula:
R=ρ * S/t；
T=a+bH+cL+dHL+eH2+fL2；
H=-ln (GrayH/IOH)；
L=-ln (GrayL/IOL)；
Wherein, R is bone density, and ρ is the density of bone salts, and t is bone thickness；
H is the pad value that the high energy corrects scanned position corresponding region in image, and L is scanner section in the low-energy correction image
The pad value of position corresponding region；
A, b, c, d, e, f are correction coefficient.
3. bone density measurement method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that each correction coefficient a, b, c, d, e, f are really
The method of determining includes:
Preparation simulation needs multiple simulated tissues of scanned position, and the simulated tissue includes simulation soft tissue and simulation bone group
It knits；The thickness t of the simulation skeletal tissue of each simulated tissuenIt is different；
The low energy simulation image gone after scattering for obtaining each simulated tissue under same low energy conditions of exposure, obtains same high energy
The high energy analog image of each simulated tissue gone after scattering under conditions of exposure；
Calculate the low energy pad value L of simulated tissue corresponding region in the low energy simulation image of each simulated tissuen, and
The high energy pad value H of simulated tissue corresponding region in the high energy analog image of each simulated tissuen；
Wherein, Ln=-ln (GrayLn/IOL), Hn=-ln (GrayHn/IOH)；In formula, GrayLnFor in the low energy simulation image
The average gray value of simulated tissue corresponding region, GrayHnIt is averaged for simulated tissue corresponding region in the high energy analog image
Gray value；
By the thickness t of each simulation skeletal tissuenAnd corresponding low energy pad value Ln, high energy pad value HnSubstitute into formula tn=
a+bHn+cLn+dHnLn+eHn 2+fLn 2, and calculate each correction coefficient a, b, c, d, e, f.
4. bone density measurement method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the same multiple institutes for needing scanned position of simulation
The thickness for stating the simulation soft tissue of simulated tissue is also different.
5. bone density measurement method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the simulation soft tissue is by polymethyl
Sour methyl esters is made, and the simulation skeletal tissue is made of aluminum.
6. bone density measurement method according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that
The acquisition patient needs Low energy scattering sampled images and low energy target figure of the scanned position under identical low energy conditions of exposure
Picture, and high-energy scattering sampled images and high energy target image under identical high energy conditions of exposure, comprising: described low being formed
The decaying die body placed in the optical path of sampled images and the high-energy scattering sampled images for scattering sampling can be scattered；It is described to decline
Subtracting die body includes multiple decaying bodies arranged in a matrix；
The determination method of the scattering component includes: that obtain decaying body position in the decaying die body right in scattering sampled images
The scattering value answered determines the scattering value of non-decaying body position in the decaying die body according to the scattering value of acquisition, preliminary to determine
Dispersion image is smoothed to obtain dispersion image to the preliminary dispersion image, is obtained according to the dispersion image described
Scattering component.
7. bone density measurement method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the decaying body is specially lead pan.
8. bone density measurement method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the decaying die body, each decaying
Body equidistantly arranges.
9. a kind of bone density measurement device, which is characterized in that including ray generator, image acquisition device, scattering prediction module and
Bone density determining module；
The ray generator can generate the low energy power spectrum ray to form low energy conditions of exposure and form high energy conditions of exposure
High energy power spectrum ray, and the first optical path of low energy target image and high energy target image can be used to form and be used to form
Switch between Low energy scattering sampled images and the second optical path of high-energy scattering sampled images；
Wherein, the first optical path is placed with filtration, and the second optical path is placed with the decaying die body for scattering sampling；
Described image collector is used to acquire the projected image that the ray generator scanning patient needs scanned position to generate, to obtain
The Low energy scattering sampled images and the low energy target image under identical low energy conditions of exposure are obtained, and obtain identical high energy
The high-energy scattering sampled images and the high energy target image under conditions of exposure；
The Low energy scattering sampled images and the height that the scattering prediction module is used to be obtained according to described image collector
Sampled images can be scattered and determine scattering component respectively, obtain Low energy scattering component and high-energy scattering component；
The bone density determining module is used for the low energy target image and high energy target image obtained according to described image collector,
And the Low energy scattering component and the high-energy scattering component of the scattering prediction module output, it is low after obtaining scattering
Image can be corrected and remove the high energy amendment image after scattering, and is true according to the low-energy correction image and high energy amendment image
Determine the bone density of scanned position.
10. bone density measurement device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the ray generator includes bulb, height
Press generator and beam-defining clipper, wherein the beam-defining clipper can switch between first optical path and second optical path；It is described
Beam-defining clipper switches in the state of second optical path, and the decaying die body covers the opening of the beam-defining clipper；
Described image collector is specially flat panel detector.
11. bone density measurement device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the decaying die body includes in rectangular
Multiple decaying bodies of formula arrangement；
The scattering prediction module includes acquiring unit and processing unit；
The acquiring unit, which can obtain, decays body position corresponding the in the scattering sampled images in the decaying die body
One scattering value；
The processing unit can calculate non-decaying body position in the decaying die body according to first scattering value and dissipate described
Corresponding second scattering value in sampled images is penetrated, with the preliminary dispersion image of determination；
The processing unit can also be smoothed to obtain dispersion image the preliminary dispersion image, and according to described
Dispersion image determines the scattering component.
12. according to the described in any item bone density measurement devices of claim 9-11, which is characterized in that it further include memory module,
The bone density determining module includes recognition unit, image processing unit and computing unit；
The memory module prestores low energy exposure parameter corresponding with scanned position, high energy exposure parameter and correction coefficient；
The ray generator can be according to needing scanned position to call corresponding low energy exposure parameter and height in the memory module
Energy exposure parameter is to generate corresponding low energy ray and high-energy ray；
The recognition unit can identify the corresponding region of scanned position in scan image, and determine the area of corresponding region；
Described image processing unit is used for according to the scattering component to target image processing to obtain repairing after scattering
Positive image；
The computing unit includes the first computing unit, the second computing unit and third computing unit；First computing unit
For calculating the pad value of scanned position corresponding region in the amendment image according to the amendment image；
What second computing unit was used to be prestored according to the memory module of the pad value and calling corresponds to scanner section
The correction coefficient of position calculates the bone thickness of scanned position；
The areal calculation scanned position that the third computing unit is used to be determined according to the bone thickness and the recognition unit
Bone density.
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