CN107007294A - X-ray imaging apparatus and bone density measurement method - Google Patents
X-ray imaging apparatus and bone density measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
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- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009547 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry Methods 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of X-ray imaging apparatus and bone density measurement method, bone density can more accurately be determined by the transverse process for extracting lumbar vertebrae exactly, for this, each radioscopic image that X-ray imaging apparatus (1) is shot from two beam X-rays of the irradiation with different-energy peak value generates difference image, lumbar regions are detected from difference image, and the peripheral part of lumbar regions is segmented into regional area, pixel Distribution value from each regional area etc. detects transverse process region and soft tissue area, the pixel value of lumbar regions is corrected on the basis of the pixel value of the soft tissue area detected, and the calculated for pixel values bone density based on revised lumbar regions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to X-ray imaging apparatus and bone density measurement method, specifically, it is related to based on DXA
Survey in the measure of the bone density of (Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, dual-energy x-ray absorption measuring method) method
Determine the extraction in region.
Background technology
For example with DXA methods in the assay method of bone density.In DXA methods, irradiation has the two of different-energy peak value
Beam X-ray shoots the lumbar vertebrae of subject, and obtains the radioscopic image for only selectively depicting bone.Surveyed using lumbar vertebrae
, it is necessary to add up to four regions to be defined as mensuration region first lumbar vertebra to fourth lumbar vertebra when determining bone density, and it is accurate from image
Ground extracts lumbar vertebrae.The method that the contour line for extracting lumbar vertebrae is proposed in patent document 1.
However, the method for patent document 1 as extract lumbar vertebrae profile method, do not account for transverse process extraction and bone with it is soft
Separation and Extraction between tissue etc.., it is necessary to the border of accurate separation and Extraction bone and soft tissue in the measure of bone density.If
Can not accurately separation and Extraction bone and soft tissue, then can produce excessive evaluation bone amount, or the very few situation for evaluating bone amount.
Patent document 1：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2014-236912 publications
The content of the invention
Put in view of the above problems and propose the present invention, can be by accurately extracting lumbar vertebrae its object is to provide one kind
Transverse process come from the soft tissue of surrounding separation and Extraction bone region exactly, and thus determine the X ray picture of bone density exactly
As diagnostic device and bone density measurement method.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, X-ray imaging apparatus of the invention possesses：X-ray source, it irradiates to subject
X-ray；X-ray detector, it is oppositely disposed with the x-ray source, and detection has passed through the transmission X-ray of the subject；Figure
As processing unit, it is based on the transmission X-ray and generates radioscopic image；Difference image generating unit, it has different-energy from irradiation
Two beam X-rays of peak value and shoot each radioscopic image generation difference image；Test section, it detects waist from the difference image
Vertebra region, and detect transverse process region and soft tissue area from the periphery of the lumbar regions；Correction portion, it will be detected
The pixel value of soft tissue area the pixel values of the lumbar regions is corrected as benchmark；And bone density calculating part, its base
In the calculated for pixel values bone density of revised lumbar regions.
In addition, the bone density measurement method in X-ray imaging apparatus is comprised the following steps：There are different energy from irradiation
The step of each radioscopic image generation difference image measured two beam X-rays of peak value and shot；Lumbar vertebrae is detected from the difference image
Region, and from the peripheries of the lumbar regions detect transverse process region and soft tissue area the step of；It is soft by what is detected
The step of pixel value of tissue regions corrects the pixel value of the lumbar regions as benchmark；And based on revised lumbar vertebrae
The step of calculated for pixel values bone density in region.
By means of the invention it is possible to provide it is a kind of can be by extracting the transverse process of lumbar vertebrae exactly come accurate from the soft tissue of surrounding
True ground separation and Extraction bone region, and X-ray imaging apparatus and the bone density measurement side of bone density are thus determined exactly
Method.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure of the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the functional structure chart related to bone density measurement.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for the overall flow for representing bone density measurement processing.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the flow for the transverse process detection process for representing step S103.
Fig. 5 (a) is the example of the lumbar vertebrae image 50 obtained from difference image, and (b) represents lumbar vertebrae L1~L4 profile, (c)
The example of the regional area set in the peripheral region R11~R42 for being each lumbar vertebrae profile portion.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the flow for the transverse process detection process for representing step S204.
Fig. 7 is that the burble point for representing step S307 calculates the flow chart of the flow of processing.
Fig. 8 is the example of the histogram 61 of regional area.
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of the flow for the soft tissue detection process for representing step S104.
Figure 10 is distribution example of the transverse process region (b) with soft tissue area (a) of lumbar vertebrae L1 profile portion.
Figure 11 represents the other examples of step S104 soft tissue detection process.
Figure 12 is distribution example of the transverse process region (b) with soft tissue area (a) of the lumbar vertebrae L1 of Figure 11 examples profile portion.
Figure 13 is pixel value D1~D4 of the lumbar regions on the basis of pixel value M1~M4 of soft tissue amendment example.
Figure 14 is the functional structure chart related to the control of x-ray diAN_SNhragm.
Figure 15 is the flow chart of processing overall flow of the explanation comprising x-ray diAN_SNhragm control process.
Figure 16 is the example of restricted x-ray bombardment scope.
Symbol description
1：X-ray imaging apparatus；
10：Filming apparatus；
12：X-ray source；
13：X-ray diAN_SNhragm；
15：Bed；
16：X-ray imagescope；
20：Operation device；
21：Control device；
22：Image processing apparatus；
23：Storage device；
24：Input unit；
25：Display device；
41：Image acquiring section；
42：Difference image generating unit；
43：Test section；
44：Correction portion；
45：Bone density calculating part；
47：X-ray diAN_SNhragm control unit；
50：Difference image；
61：Histogram；
L1~L4：Lumbar vertebrae；
R11、R12、R21、R22、R31、R32、R41、R42：The neighboring area of lumbar vertebrae profile portion；
T：Burble point；
P1：Histogrammic initial point；
P2：Histogrammic terminal；
P3：Histogrammic most frequency.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[first embodiment]
First, reference picture 1 is illustrated to the overall structure of X-ray imaging apparatus 1.
As shown in Figure 1, X-ray imaging apparatus 1 possesses filming apparatus 10, operation device 20 and carrying quilt
The bed 15 of a corpse or other object for laboratory examination and chemical testing 3.Filming apparatus 10 is communicatively coupled with operation device 20 using transmission lines such as the communications cables.
Filming apparatus 10 possesses x-ray source 12, the x-ray diAN_SNhragm 13 for being arranged at x-ray source 12, penetrated across subject 3 and X
X-ray imagescope 16 that line source 12 is oppositely disposed etc..Based on the transmission X-ray data detected in X-ray imagescope 16
View data is sent to operation device 20 via transmission lines.Operation device 20 possess control device 21, image processing apparatus 22,
Storage device 23, input unit 24 and display device 25 etc..
X-ray source 12 possesses X-ray tube and high-voltage generating device, according to the control signal sent from control device 21
To produce the X-ray of predetermined close.Two beam X-rays of the irradiation of x-ray source 12 with different-energy peak value.Hereinafter, by energy peak
The high X-ray of value is referred to as high-energy X-rays, and the X-ray with relatively low energy peak compared with high-energy X-rays is referred to as low
Energy X-ray.
X-ray diAN_SNhragm 13 is provided with x-ray source 12.X-ray diAN_SNhragm 13 has multiple X-ray shield plate (diaphragm leaves
Piece), and according to the opening information of the blade of diaphragm notified from control device 21, blade of diaphragm opening and closing is carried out shape to predetermined position
Into the x-ray irradiation area of intended shape.
X-ray imagescope 16 is, for example, to enter the x-ray detection device being made up of the combination of scintillator and photodiode
Flat panel detector (FDP) obtained by row two-dimensional arrangements or I.I. (image intensifier, image intensifier) etc., and set
Across the position relative with x-ray source 12 of subject 3.For example, the top plate lower surface in bed 15 sets X-ray imagescope 16.
Each detecting element of X-ray imagescope 16 is detected to be irradiated and i.e. saturating through the X-ray of subject 3 from x-ray source 12
X-ray is penetrated, and is transformed to electric signal corresponding with the X-ray intensity.X-ray imagescope 16 is based on the electric signal after conversion
X-ray data is penetrated to make X-ray image data.Made X-ray is transmitted to the image processing apparatus 22 of operation device 20
View data, and be stored in storage device 23.
Image processing apparatus 22 obtains the X-ray image data transmitted from X-ray imagescope 16, and is used in display
The image procossing shown in device 25.In image procossing, for example, detect X-ray light comprising the pixel value information based on image
Late position simultaneously determines the image procossings such as the processing of indication range, the reverse display processing of black and white, the deletion for not needing region.
Storage device 23 stores the X ray picture generated based on the transmission X-ray data detected by X-ray imagescope 16
Picture.In addition, storing and shooting or the related program of perspective action or various shooting conditions and aftermentioned in storage device 23
Bone density measurement processing required for program and data etc..
Control device 21 is by CPU (Central Processing Unit, CPU), ROM (Read Only
Memory, read-only storage), the computer of the composition such as RAM (Random Access Memory, random access memory).Control
Device 21 processed carries out the action control of the x-ray bombardment in x-ray source 12 based on the input signal inputted from input unit 24,
And carry out the making of image in X-ray imagescope 16, x-ray diAN_SNhragm position and repair in positively related processing, display device 25
Display action etc. control.In addition, control device 21 is performed based on radioscopic image at the bone density measurement to measure bone density
Reason.The detailed content of bone density measurement processing is as described later,
Display device 25 is made up of CRT or liquid crystal panel etc., and show the radioscopic image that is shot by filming apparatus 10 or from
Display data that control device 21 is inputted etc..
Input unit 24 is, for example, the input unit such as keyboard or mouse, and inputs what is inputted by operator to control device 21
Various instructions or information.Operator is grasped using display device 25 and the grade external equipment of input unit 24 with conversational mode
Make.In addition, input unit 24 can also be touch-screen for being integrally formed with the display picture of display device 25 etc..
Secondly, the functional structure of 2 pairs of reference picture X-ray imaging apparatus 1 of the invention is illustrated.
As shown in Figure 2, the control device 21 of X-ray imaging apparatus 1 has image acquiring section 41, difference diagram
As generating unit 42, test section 43, correction portion 44 and bone density calculating part 45 etc..Test section 43 includes lumbar vertebrae test section 431, horizontal stroke
Prominent test section 432, soft tissue test section 433.
Image acquiring section 41 obtains the low energy image generated by image processing apparatus 22 and high-energy image, and is sent to
Difference image generating unit 42.Low energy image and high-energy image can also be obtained from storage device 23.Low energy image is
Refer to the image of the subject 3 photographed by the low-energy X-ray irradiated from x-ray source 12.High-energy image refers to by from X
The image for the subject 3 that the high-energy X-rays that radiographic source 12 irradiates are photographed.
Difference image generating unit 42 generates the difference of the low energy image obtained by image acquiring section 41 and high-energy image
That is difference image.Difference image generating unit 42 sends generated difference image to test section 43.
Test section 43 detects lumbar regions from difference image, and from the periphery separation and Extraction transverse process area of lumbar regions
Domain and soft tissue area.In the processing of separation and Extraction transverse process region and soft tissue area, test section 43 is by lumbar vertebrae profile
The neighboring area in portion is divided into multiple regional areas, calculates each regional area the histogram of pixel value, and straight by parsing
Square figure differentiates transverse process region or soft tissue area.Lumbar vertebrae, transverse process, the detection of soft tissue detailed content it is as described later.
The pixel value of the soft tissue detected by test section 43 is corrected the picture of lumbar regions by correction portion 44 as benchmark
Element value.Specifically, correction portion 44 calculates the correction factor of the pixel value for correcting lumbar regions for each lumbar vertebrae, and makes
The pixel value of each lumbar vertebrae is corrected with correction factor.The detailed content of the correcting process of correction portion 44 is as described later.
Bone density calculating part 45 is based on the calculated for pixel values bone density by the revised lumbar regions of correction portion 44.
Then, 3~Figure 10 of reference picture illustrates to handle bone density measurement.
Fig. 3 is to represent that bone density measurement handles the flow chart of overall flow.
Control device 21 obtain by subject 3 irradiate high-energy X-rays and obtain high-energy image, by quilt
The low energy image that a corpse or other object for laboratory examination and chemical testing 3 irradiates low-energy X-ray and obtained, and generate their difference image (step S101).Control dress
Put 21 detections (step S102) that lumbar vertebrae is carried out from the edge image by the step S101 difference images obtained.Control device 21
It is located at transverse process (the step of the neighboring area of lumbar vertebrae side from the lateral edge infomation detection by the step S102 lumbar vertebraes obtained
S103).Further soft tissue of the detection of control device 21 beyond the lumbar vertebrae, transverse process of the neighboring area of lumbar vertebrae side (is walked
Rapid S104), and the pixel value of soft tissue is corrected into the pixel value (step S105) of lumbar regions as benchmark.Control device 21
Bone density (step S106) is determined based on revised pixel value.
Reference picture 4, Fig. 5 are illustrated to step S103 transverse process detection process.Fig. 5 (a) is the waist by step S102
The schematic diagram for the lumbar vertebrae image 50 that vertebra detection process is detected.
Control device 21 extracts diaphragm region 51 (step S201) from such lumbar vertebrae image 50 shown in Fig. 5 (a), and
Calculate the tested body region 52 (step S202) for eliminating the region (straight line X-ray region) in the absence of subject.Subject area
Domain 52 is the region represented by Fig. 5 (a) dotted line.From the tested body region 52 obtained, marginal information, figure from profile portion
The profile (step S203) of the pixel value information extraction lumbar vertebrae of picture.The profile of lumbar vertebrae for example can be by carrying out depending on directionality
Filtration treatment, and eliminate the noise contribution of the marginal information corresponding with the result of determination of pixel to extract.Fig. 5 (b) is represented
Lumbar vertebrae L1, L2, L3, L4 for being extracted by step S203 processing profile.
Control device 21 is directed to each lumbar vertebrae L1, L2, L3, the L4 obtained by step S203 processing, such as Fig. 5 (c) institutes
As showing, left and right region (neighboring area) R11, R12, R21, R22, R31, R32, R41, R42 of lumbar vertebrae side is divided respectively
It is segmented into regional area.
Then, transverse process (and intervertebral is extracted from the information at the information of pixel value and edge etc. for each regional area
Disk) (step S204).
Fig. 5 (c) represent by the neighboring area R11 of each lumbar vertebrae L1, L2, L3, L4 profile, R12, R21, R22, R31, R32,
R41, R42 are divided into the state after regional area.
Each region of regional area is such as the size for being set to 1cm × 1cm or so (7 pixels × 7 pixel), and to each part
Region carries out Fig. 6 transverse process extraction process (the calculating processing of the burble point comprising Fig. 7).
6~Fig. 8 of reference picture is illustrated to step S204 transverse process extraction process.
First, as illustrated in flow chart as shown in fig. 6, control device 21 is gone for each regional area by smoothing filter
Histogram (step S302) is made respectively except noise contribution (step S301), and for each regional area.Control device 21 compares
By the step S302 histogrammic minimum pixel values obtained and the pixel value (step S303) of lumbar vertebrae, if its difference is advance
Within the threshold value of setting, then judge the regional area as lumbar vertebrae.When being determined as lumbar vertebrae (step S303, lumbar vertebrae), from passing through step
The pixel value Distributed parts (step S304) of lumbar vertebrae are deleted in the histogram that rapid S302 makes, and to straight after the removal of lumbar vertebrae pixel
Square figure is parsed (step S305).When not comprising lumbar vertebrae, the histogrammic parsing obtained is carried out.
In histogram parsing, basis deletes the judgement pixel Distribution value of the histogram behind lumbar vertebrae pixel distribution part first
The slope (step S305) of overall (all distributions).If slope is less than predetermined threshold value, it is soft to judge the regional area
Tissue or transverse process (step S305, less than slope threshold value), and store " no concentration difference " mark (step S306).
On the other hand, if deleting the size of the histogrammic slope after lumbar vertebrae pixel distribution (all slopes of distribution)
For more than predetermined threshold value (more than step S305, slope threshold value), be then judged to being mixed in regional area soft tissue and
Transverse process.
In addition, in step S305 histogram dissection process, can also be according to the histogrammic pixel value after smoothing
The width of distribution come determine whether include transverse process and soft tissue.If the width of histogrammic pixel Distribution value is predetermined threshold value
More than, then it is judged to including transverse process and soft tissue.
In addition, if the width of histogrammic pixel Distribution value is then determined as transverse process and soft tissue less than predetermined threshold value
In some, and store " no concentration difference " mark.
Control device 21 is directed to the region comprising transverse process and soft tissue, performs the place for the burble point for obtaining soft tissue and transverse process
Manage (burble point calculating processing) (step S307).
The example that burble point calculates processing is as shown in Figure 7.In the example shown in Fig. 7, control device 21 is by waist
After histogram (histogram obtained by step S302 or step S304) smoothing after the removal of vertebra pixel distribution, frequency is explored
Maximum point is most frequency (step S401).
Further, the absolute value (" slope terminal ") of the slope of calculating most frequency and terminal, most frequency and initial point is oblique
The absolute value (" slope initial point ") (step S402) of rate, and compare the size (step S403) of slope terminal and initial point.
In step S403, it is more than predetermined value in the difference of slope initial point and slope terminal, when " slope initial point " is big, sentences
Fixed most frequency is in transverse process.
When " slope terminal " is big, judge most frequency in soft tissue.
According to step S403 result of determination, control device 21 calculates histogram burble point (step S404).
When being determined as that " slope initial point " is big, most frequency is in transverse process in step S403, in step s 404, control device
21 calculate the absolute value of the slope of each point of terminal from histogrammic most frequency, and by the small point of slope (for example, slope is minimum
Point) be used as transverse process and the burble point T of soft tissue.When calculating burble point T, Fig. 6 step S308 is returned to, control device 21 is counted
Average pixel value (step S308) untill calculating from initial point to burble point, and it is stored in RAM using the value as the pixel value of transverse process
In (step S309).
On the other hand, it is determined as " slope terminal " in step S403 greatly, (reference picture when most frequency P3 is in soft tissue
8), in step s 404, control device 21 calculates the absolute value of the most slope of frequency P3 each point from histogrammic initial point P1, and
It regard the small point of slope (for example, slope is minimum point) as transverse process and the burble point of soft tissue.When calculating burble point T, return
Fig. 6 step S308 is returned, control device 21 calculates the average pixel value (step S308) untill the initial point P1 to burble point T, and
It is stored in the value as the pixel value of transverse process in RAM etc. (step S309).
Then, control device 21 performs soft tissue detection process (Fig. 3 step S104).The flow chart of reference picture 9 is to soft
The detailed content of tissue detection processing is illustrated.
The soft tissue detection process shown in Fig. 9 is carried out to neighboring area R11~R42 of lumbar vertebrae profile portion.Control device 21
Do not have in the regional area as object " no concentration difference " mark when (step S501, no marks), directly terminate processing.It is another
Aspect, when " no concentration difference " mark is stored in the pixel as object (step S501, there is mark), judges that regional area is
Transverse process or soft tissue.
Control device 21 compares flat in the transverse process average pixel value and regional area calculated by Fig. 6 step S308
Equal pixel value (step S502).When the difference of average pixel value in transverse process average pixel value and regional area is more than threshold value
(more than step S502, threshold value), is determined as soft tissue (a) (step S503).In the average value (mean pixel of the pixel value of transverse process
Value) with regional area in average pixel value difference be less than threshold value when (step S503, less than threshold value), be determined as transverse process
(b) (step S504).
Fig. 6 transverse process detection process, the result of Fig. 9 soft tissue detection process as shown in Figure 10, in lumbar vertebrae L1
Profile portion neighboring area R11 each regional area in storage transverse process (b) or soft tissue (a) pixel value.That is, from lumbar vertebrae
Neighboring area R11 separation and Extractions transverse process and soft tissue.As described above, each pixel of the neighboring area of lumbar vertebrae profile can be differentiated
For lumbar vertebrae, transverse process or soft tissue, and appropriate pixel value is stored respectively.
In addition, in Fig. 3 step S104 soft tissue detection process, as flowchart shown in fig. 11 as, also may be used
Transverse process region is determined to be handled by zone broadening.
That is, for store " no concentration difference " mark (step S601, there is mark) regional area, judgement be transverse process or
Soft tissue.The transverse process that control device 21 compares in the regional area belonging to the pixel calculated by Fig. 6 step S308 is put down
Average pixel value (step S602) in equal pixel value and regional area.It is flat in the average pixel value and regional area of transverse process
When the difference of pixel value is more than threshold value (more than step S502, threshold value), it is determined as soft tissue (a) (step S603).In horizontal stroke
When the difference of average pixel value in prominent average pixel value and regional area is less than threshold value (step S603, less than threshold value),
It is determined as transverse process (b) (step S604).Then, carry out exploration approximate pixel from the region for being determined as transverse process (b) (pixel value is approximate
Pixel) zone broadening processing, and carry out the extraction (step S605) in transverse process region.
The result of Fig. 6 transverse process detection process and Figure 11 soft tissue detection process, as shown in Figure 12, in waist
The pixel value of transverse process (b) or soft tissue (a) is stored in the neighboring area R11 of vertebra L1 profile each regional area.Also, pass through
Transverse process region (b) is extracted in zone broadening processing.Handled by zone broadening and transverse process and soft group are further separated in regional area
Knit.
As described above, each pixel on the periphery of lumbar vertebrae profile portion can be determined as to lumbar vertebrae, transverse process or soft tissue, and respectively
The appropriate pixel value of storage.
For each lumbar vertebrae L1~L4 each neighboring area R11, R12, R21, R22, R31, R32, R41, R42 terminate lumbar vertebrae,
The differentiation of transverse process or soft tissue, and when storing appropriate pixel value in each pixel, then control device 201 is modified place
Manage (Fig. 3 step S105).
In correcting process, the pixel value for the soft tissue area that will be obtained by step S104 (Figure 10, Figure 11) is as benchmark
Come the pixel value of the lumbar regions of correcting lumbar vertebrae periphery.I.e., as shown in Figure 13, for each lumbar vertebrae L1~L4 periphery
Region (in dotted line frame), control device 21 calculates correction factor k1~k4 in each neighboring area, so that beyond lumbar vertebrae and transverse process
Soft tissue area M1~M4 pixel value be, for example, " 0 ".Control device 21 is as shown in following formula (1), from each lumbar vertebrae
Average pixel value D1~D4 correction factor k1~k4 is individually subtracted, and calculate bone average pixel value B1~B4.
Bx=Dx-Kx ... (1)
Control device 21 determined using average pixel value D1~D4 by formula (1) revised lumbar vertebrae bone density (Fig. 3's
Step S106).
As described above, by the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 of first embodiment, it can differentiate exactly
The transverse process and soft tissue of the neighboring area of lumbar vertebrae profile portion.If based on the pixel value of the modified result lumbar regions, and determine
Bone density, then can obtain accurate bone density.
[second embodiment]
Then, 14~Figure 16 of reference picture is illustrated to the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 of second embodiment.
As shown in Figure 14, the control device 21A of the X-ray imaging apparatus 1 of second embodiment has figure
As obtaining section 41, difference image generating unit 42, test section 43 (lumbar vertebrae test section 431, transverse process test section 432, soft tissue test section
And x-ray diAN_SNhragm control unit 47 433).
X-ray diAN_SNhragm control unit 47 feds back through to x-ray diAN_SNhragm 13 and detected with first embodiment identical method
Lumbar vertebrae and transverse process region information, and control x-ray bombardment scope.
Image acquiring section 41, difference image generating unit 42, test section 43 are identical with first embodiment, therefore omit repetition
Explanation, and assign identical symbol to identical each position and illustrate.
Figure 15 is the flow chart of the flow for the x-ray diAN_SNhragm control process for illustrating second embodiment.
X-ray imaging apparatus 1 collects fluoroscopy images as positioning with image (step S701) first.Then, pass through
Lumbar regions and transverse process region (step S702) are detected with first embodiment identical method.Control device 21A is by waist
The testing result of vertebra and transverse process is transformed to image coordinate axle (step S703).
As shown in Figure 16, it is transformed to diaphragm leaf up and down from X-coordinate, the smallest point of Y-coordinate and maximum point
The position (step S704) of piece.Control device 21A controls into the blade of diaphragm up and down of x-ray diAN_SNhragm 13 by step
The position of S704 conversion.Thus, x-ray bombardment scope is narrowed to the position comprising lumbar vertebrae and transverse process.Hereafter, high energy is carried out
The bone density measurement of X-ray and low-energy X-ray is measured with shooting (step S705), and identical with first embodiment is carried out
Bone density measurement processing.
, can be by x-ray bombardment range shorter to bone density by the adjustment function of the x-ray diAN_SNhragm of second embodiment
Necessary minimal region required for measurement.Thereby, it is possible to suppress the dose of radiation to patient.
More than, while one side is carried out to the preferred embodiment of the X-ray imaging apparatus of the present invention etc. referring to the drawings
Explanation, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.Those skilled in the art think in technology disclosed in the present application
Think in category it is conceivable that various modifications or fixed case are self-evident, and recognize that these fall within the present invention's certainly
Technical scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of X-ray imaging apparatus, it is characterised in that
Possess：
X-ray source, it is to subject X-ray irradiation；
X-ray detector, it is oppositely disposed with the x-ray source, and detection has passed through the transmission X-ray of the subject；
Image processing part, it is based on the transmission X-ray and generates radioscopic image；
Difference image generating unit, its each radioscopic image generation shot from two beam X-rays of the irradiation with different-energy peak value
Difference image；
Test section, it detects lumbar regions from the difference image, and detects transverse process area from the periphery of the lumbar regions
Domain and soft tissue area；
Correction portion, the pixel value of the soft tissue area detected is corrected the pixel value of the lumbar regions by it as benchmark；
And
Bone density calculating part, its calculated for pixel values bone density based on revised lumbar regions.
2. X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The peripheral part of the lumbar regions is segmented into multiple regional areas by the test section, and is differentiated for each regional area
It is transverse process region or soft tissue area.
3. X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The test section calculates the histogram of pixel value for each regional area, and is sentenced based on the histogrammic distribution
Not described regional area is the transverse process region or the soft tissue area.
4. X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
The histogram be the pixel value for eliminating the lumbar regions in the regional area lumbar vertebrae remove after histogram.
5. X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
The test section explores the histogrammic most frequency, and the slope of relatively more described histogrammic initial point and the most frequency
And the slope of the histogrammic terminal and the most frequency, thus calculate the transverse process region and the soft tissue area
Burble point.
6. X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
Using the average picture from average pixel value of the histogrammic initial point untill the burble point as the transverse process region
Element value.
7. X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The test section, for based on being determined as that to the histogram that the regional area is calculated concentration difference is less than predetermined threshold
The average pixel value of each pixel in regional area, the average pixel value and regional area in relatively more described transverse process region, and in difference
It is determined as soft tissue area when being worth to be more than predetermined threshold, is determined as transverse process region when difference is less than the threshold value.
8. X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
The test section further carries out zone broadening processing from the region for being judged as the transverse process region.
9. X-ray imaging apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The pixel value of the soft tissue area detected by the test section is directed to each waist by the correction portion as benchmark
Vertebra calculates the correction factor of the pixel value for correcting the lumbar regions, and corrects using the correction factor each lumbar vertebrae
Pixel value.
10. a kind of bone density measurement method in X-ray imaging apparatus, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps：
The step of each radioscopic image shot from two beam X-rays of the irradiation with different-energy peak value generates difference image；
Lumbar regions are detected from the difference image, and transverse process region and soft group are detected from the periphery of the lumbar regions
The step of tissue region；
Using the pixel value of the soft tissue area detected as benchmark the step of pixel value to correct the lumbar regions；And
The step of calculated for pixel values bone density based on revised lumbar regions.
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| CN107485405A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-12-19 | 浙江康源医疗器械有限公司 | A kind of device that bone density is measured using referrer module |
| CN110074803A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-08-02 | 株式会社岛津制作所 | Bone densitometry device and bone density method for imaging |
| CN110123349A (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2019-08-16 | 东软医疗系统股份有限公司 | A kind of bone density measurement method and device |
| CN110826557A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-21 | 杭州依图医疗技术有限公司 | Method and device for detecting fracture |
| CN111479506A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2020-07-31 | J·S·席尔德克劳特 | Method for local X-ray bone density tomography |
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| WO2021153592A1 (en) * | 2020-01-29 | 2021-08-05 | キヤノン株式会社 | Image processing device, radiography device, image processing method, and program |
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| JP2017131427A (en) | 2017-08-03 |
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