CN110122667B - Feed antibacterial agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Feed antibacterial agent and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110122667B
CN110122667B CN201910463290.6A CN201910463290A CN110122667B CN 110122667 B CN110122667 B CN 110122667B CN 201910463290 A CN201910463290 A CN 201910463290A CN 110122667 B CN110122667 B CN 110122667B
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acid
fatty acid
chain fatty
feed
antibacterial agent
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CN110122667A (en
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楚喆
李兴伟
楚军政
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Henan Zhengtong Food Technology Co ltd
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Henan Zhengtong Chemical Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23KFODDER
    • A23K20/00Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10Organic substances
    • A23K20/105Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention is disclosed inAn antibacterial agent for feed and a preparation method thereof are provided, belonging to the field of feed additives. The invention adopts middle and short fatty acid and polyol to obtain middle and short fatty acid polyol ester through the processes of esterification, acylation, transesterification, neutralization sedimentation, distillation and refining. The product meets the sanitary standard of feed additives, can be used as feed antibacterial agent, can replace antibiotics, and can ensure food safety. The structure is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Figure 268765DEST_PATH_IMAGE002

Description

Feed antibacterial agent and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a feed antibacterial agent, in particular to a medium-short chain fatty acid polyol ester which is suitable for replacing antibiotics in feed and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of feed additives.
Background
In order to promote the growth of livestock and poultry, the feed industry in China has long been to add antibiotics drugs into the feed to maintain the intestinal health of the livestock and poultry. After a large amount of antibiotics are used, the metabolism and decomposition of the antibiotics in animals are incomplete, so that the bacterial drug resistance in the environment is enhanced, the liver and kidney functions of human bodies are seriously damaged, even anaphylactic reaction is caused, and the health and living standard of the human bodies are seriously influenced. The European and American countries do not allow antibiotics to be added into the feed, and the China does not allow antibiotics to be added into the feed until 2020. Therefore, the development of the antibiotic substitution product in the feed has practical significance.
In order to ensure food safety, natural plants are used as feed antibacterial agents to be the current development trend, chinese patent 201710689951.8 reports a plant source livestock feed antibacterial additive and a preparation method thereof, wherein Chuzhou chrysanthemum essential oil is used as a main antibacterial agent, and a film-ultrasonic dispersion method is adopted to prepare Chuzhou chrysanthemum essential oil nano-liposome; chinese patent 201710689979.1 reports a plant source poultry feed antibacterial additive and a preparation method thereof, wherein thyme essential oil is used as a main antibacterial agent to prepare thyme essential oil nanoliposome. The preparation method is complex, has low extraction rate, and is inconvenient to popularize and apply. The natural plant fatty acid and the polyalcohol are utilized to synthesize lipid products, and the lipid products are used as feed antibacterial agents to replace the natural plant antibacterial agents, so that no related report is available at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feed antibacterial agent which can replace natural plant antibacterial agents and has good antibacterial effect; another object is to provide a method for its preparation.
The feed antibacterial agent provided by the invention is a medium-short chain fatty acid polyol ester or a medium-carbon chain fatty acid and polyol ester mixed product. The medium and short chain fatty acid polyol ester has the following structure: is a mixture of c and b or a mixture of c and a or a mixture of c, b and a:
Figure 210304DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Figure 360662DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Figure 690013DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
a b c
wherein RCOO is caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauroyl or a mixed fatty acid acyl thereof;
wherein R' COO is a low carbon chain acyl group or a phosphate group with a carboxyl structure such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid and the like;
the medium and short chain fatty glyceride is prepared by the following technical scheme:
adding medium short chain fatty acid and polyalcohol into a reaction kettle according to a proportion, adding a catalyst, heating to 150-200 ℃ under vacuum for reaction, sampling, measuring an acid value and controlling a reaction end point. Then cooling, neutralizing, standing and precipitating. And adding short-chain fatty acid and a catalyst, heating to 140-180 ℃ under vacuum, continuing to react, sampling to measure the acid value, and cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain the medium-short-chain fatty acid polyol ester product.
The catalyst is NaOH or KOH;
the polyalcohol is glycerol, polyglycerin and the like;
the medium-chain fatty acid is caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid or mixed fatty acid thereof.
The short chain fatty acid is formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid or phosphoric acid and the like;
the feeding mole ratio of the three materials in the production process is as follows: polyol, medium chain fatty acid and short chain fatty acid=1:1:1-2.
The invention utilizes natural plant fatty acid and polyalcohol to synthesize ester products, and the ester products are used as feed antibacterial agents to replace antibiotics and natural plant antibacterial agents, and can be slowly decomposed into medium-short chain fatty acid monoacyl ester and short chain fatty acid (short chain is preferentially decomposed) under the action of gastrointestinal lipase in livestock and poultry bodies, thereby having the functions of sterilizing, inhibiting bacteria, regulating the PH value of the gastrointestinal tract and the like, so that the intestinal health of the livestock and poultry is maintained, and the growth of the livestock and poultry is promoted. Compared with the scheme of replacing antibiotics with antibacterial peptide, traditional Chinese medicine, essential oil and the like, the method has the characteristics of designability, stable quality, rich resources, no toxicity and harm and the like, and is convenient for industrialization.
Detailed Description
For a better illustration of the invention, examples are as follows:
example 1
Adding 310 kg of metered glycerin and 600 kg of lauric acid into a reaction kettle with vacuum condition, adding 8.5 kg of catalyst NaOH, stirring and heating to 150 ℃, reacting for two hours under vacuum condition, gradually heating to 170 ℃ for further reacting for two hours, flushing nitrogen, sampling and measuring to obtain an acid value less than 3mgkOH/g, cooling to about 80 ℃ after the acid value reaches the requirement, neutralizing, standing and settling, performing thin film distillation and molecular distillation to remove unreacted glycerin, and collecting more than 80% of lauric acid monoglyceride.
Weighing 600 kg of lauric acid monoglyceride with the content of more than 80%, putting into a reaction kettle again, adding 300 kg of butyric acid, adding 3.2 kg of catalyst NaOH, heating to more than 140 ℃ again, continuing to react for about 4 hours, measuring the acid value to be less than 3mgkOH/g, and cooling to 50 ℃ after the acid value reaches the requirement to obtain the butyryl lauric acid monoglyceride and diglyceride product.
Example 2
Adding 850 kg of measured polyglycerol and 650 kg of lauric acid into an esterification reaction kettle, adding 11.5 kg of catalyst NaOH, heating to 150 ℃ under stirring and vacuum to react for about two hours, then gradually heating to 170 ℃ to react for about two hours, flushing nitrogen to sample and measure, cooling to about 80 ℃ after the acid value is less than 3mgkOH/g to meet the requirement, neutralizing, standing and settling, removing unreacted polyglycerol, adding 400 kg of measured polyglycerol and 200 kg of butyric acid, adding 5.5 kg of KOH into the reaction kettle, heating to 150-170 ℃ again under stirring and vacuum, continuing to react for about 4 hours, sampling and measuring the acid value to be less than 3mgkOH/g, and cooling to 50 ℃ after the acid value is less than the requirement to obtain the butyryl laurate product.
Example 3
Taking 600 kg of more than 80% lauric acid monoglyceride and 300 kg of lactic acid and 3.8 kg of KOH, which are prepared in example 1, simultaneously putting the mixture into an esterification reaction kettle, heating the mixture to 150-170 ℃ again under stirring and vacuum, reacting the mixture for about 4 hours, sampling the mixture, measuring the acid value to be less than 6mgkOH/g, and cooling the mixture to 50 ℃ after the acid value reaches the requirement, thus obtaining the lactic acid lauric acid monoglyceride and diglyceride product.
Example 4
Taking more than 80% of lauric acid monoglyceride 600 kg and 250 kg of propionic acid prepared in example 1, simultaneously adding 7.5 kg of NaOH into an esterification reaction kettle, heating to 145-165 ℃ again under stirring and vacuum, reacting for about 4 hours, sampling, measuring an acid value of less than 3mgkOH/g, and cooling to 50 ℃ after the required acid value is met, thus obtaining propionyl lauric acid monoglyceride.
Example 5
Adding 850 kg of measured polyglycerol and 580 kg of octanoic acid into an esterification reaction kettle, adding 20 kg of NaOH, heating to about 150 ℃ under stirring and vacuum, reacting for about two hours, then gradually heating to about 170 ℃ for reacting for two hours, flushing nitrogen, sampling and measuring, cooling to about 80 ℃ after the acid value is less than 3mgkOH/g to meet the requirement, neutralizing, standing and settling, removing unreacted polyglycerol, adding 380 kg of measured polyglycerol product, 200 kg of butyric acid and 5.2 kg of NaOH into the reaction kettle, heating to 158-172 ℃ again under stirring and vacuum, continuing to react for about 4 hours, sampling and measuring the acid value to be less than 3mgkOH/g, cooling to 50 ℃ after the acid value is less than the requirement, and obtaining the butyryl octanoic acid polyglycerol ester product.
Example 6
Taking 600 kg of more than 80% lauric acid monoglyceride and 404 kg of anhydrous citric acid prepared in the example 1, simultaneously adding 12 kg of KOH into an esterification reaction kettle, heating to 158-175 ℃ again under stirring and vacuum, reacting for about 4 hours, sampling, measuring an acid value of less than 3mgkOH/g, and cooling to 50 ℃ after the required acid value is met, thus obtaining citric acid lauric acid monoglyceride and diglyceride.

Claims (1)

1. The preparation method of the feed antibacterial agent is characterized by comprising the following steps of: adding medium-chain fatty acid and polyalcohol into a reaction kettle according to a proportion, adding a catalyst, heating to 150-200 ℃ under vacuum for reaction, sampling, measuring an acid value and controlling a reaction end point; after the reaction is finished, cooling, neutralizing, standing and settling; then adding short-chain fatty acid and catalyst, heating to 140-180 ℃ under vacuum to continue the reaction, sampling to determine the acid value, and cooling after the reaction is finished to obtain a medium short-chain fatty acid polyol ester product;
the medium-chain fatty acid is caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauroyl or a mixed fatty acid thereof;
the short chain fatty acid is formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, citric acid or fumaric acid;
wherein the polyalcohol is glycerol or polyglycerol;
the catalyst is NaOH or KOH;
feed molar ratio: polyol: medium chain fatty acids: short chain fatty acid = 1:1:1 to 2;
the feed antibacterial agent is a mixture c and b or a mixture c and a or a mixture c, b and a:
Figure QLYQS_1
Figure QLYQS_2
Figure QLYQS_3
a b c
wherein RCOO is caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauroyl or a mixed fatty acid acyl thereof;
wherein R' COO is formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, citric acid or fumaric acid acyl.
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Citations (5)

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GB8815426D0 (en) * 1988-06-29 1988-08-03 Unilever Plc Process for synthesis of polyol fatty acid polyesters
EP0582246A2 (en) * 1992-08-07 1994-02-09 Solvay Fluor und Derivate GmbH Mixture of polyglycerine fatty acids esters
ITFI20090050A1 (en) * 2009-03-16 2010-09-17 Fernando Cantini COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING MONOGLICERIDES OF ORGANIC ACIDS FROM C1 TO C7 AND GLYCEROL, THEIR PREPARATION AND USE AS ANTIBACTERIALS IN THE ZOOTECHNY.
WO2014176515A2 (en) * 2013-04-26 2014-10-30 Solazyme, Inc. Low polyunsaturated fatty acid oils and uses thereof
FR3071496A1 (en) * 2017-09-25 2019-03-29 Guerin MIXED GLYCERIDE OF FORMICIC ACID, COMPOSITION COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH MIXED GLYCERIDE, PROCESS FOR PREPARATION AND USES

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TW414697B (en) * 1996-12-11 2000-12-11 Riken Vitamin Co Antimicrobial agent for food
WO2001097799A1 (en) * 2000-06-20 2001-12-27 Nutrition Sciences Medium chain fatty acids applicable as antimicrobial agents
GB0410038D0 (en) * 2004-05-05 2004-06-09 Danisco Composition
CN101161802A (en) * 2006-10-12 2008-04-16 李建成 Method for manufacturing polyglycerol compound (medium-carbon) fatty acid ester
BE1021434B1 (en) * 2013-11-20 2015-11-20 Proviron Holding FEED FEED WITH A COMBINATION OF MONOGLYCERIDES.
CN104529773B (en) * 2014-12-12 2016-06-15 武汉轻工大学 A kind of preparation method and application of sad glyceride lactate feed additive
CN106858065B (en) * 2017-02-28 2020-11-17 齐鲁工业大学 Hybrid glycerides and methods of production and use
CN109511811A (en) * 2019-01-29 2019-03-26 潍坊加易加生物科技有限公司 One kind is for anti-Short-Chain Fatty Acids essential oil formulation and preparation method thereof and its application

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8815426D0 (en) * 1988-06-29 1988-08-03 Unilever Plc Process for synthesis of polyol fatty acid polyesters
EP0582246A2 (en) * 1992-08-07 1994-02-09 Solvay Fluor und Derivate GmbH Mixture of polyglycerine fatty acids esters
ITFI20090050A1 (en) * 2009-03-16 2010-09-17 Fernando Cantini COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING MONOGLICERIDES OF ORGANIC ACIDS FROM C1 TO C7 AND GLYCEROL, THEIR PREPARATION AND USE AS ANTIBACTERIALS IN THE ZOOTECHNY.
WO2014176515A2 (en) * 2013-04-26 2014-10-30 Solazyme, Inc. Low polyunsaturated fatty acid oils and uses thereof
FR3071496A1 (en) * 2017-09-25 2019-03-29 Guerin MIXED GLYCERIDE OF FORMICIC ACID, COMPOSITION COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE SUCH MIXED GLYCERIDE, PROCESS FOR PREPARATION AND USES

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