CN110122660B - Compound feed for meat geese for preventing gout and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Compound feed for meat geese for preventing gout and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110122660B CN110122660B CN201910560327.7A CN201910560327A CN110122660B CN 110122660 B CN110122660 B CN 110122660B CN 201910560327 A CN201910560327 A CN 201910560327A CN 110122660 B CN110122660 B CN 110122660B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/153—Nucleic acids; Hydrolysis products or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention provides a formula feed for meat geese for preventing gout, belonging to the technical field of cultivation and comprising the following components: fermented materials, broken rice, coarse bran, wheat germ, wheat middling, alfalfa meal, soybean meal, corn germ meal, nucleotide residues, coarse stone powder, soybean oil, lysine, liquid methionine, threonine, choline chloride, baking soda, betaine, sodium chloride, montmorillonite, compound vitamins and compound trace elements; the fermentation material is obtained by fermenting raw materials including wheat bran, corn and soybean meal through microorganisms. The mixed feed for meat geese fed by the invention has the characteristics of high nutritional value and strong disease resistance, can effectively relieve the occurrence of the gout of the meat geese while meeting the nutritional needs of the meat geese, and improves the survival rate of the meat geese.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of breeding, and particularly relates to a formula feed for meat geese for preventing gout, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The annual marketing amount of meat geese in China reaches more than 6 hundred million, the meat geese are the first goose breeding big world and account for 94% of the total marketing amount in the world, and the goose breeding industry becomes one of the important animal husbandry industry pillars in China. The goose gout is a nutritional metabolic disease which endangers the industry of the meat geese, and is caused by the fact that protein metabolism in the meat geese is obstructed due to feeding of excessive protein feed, and the meat geese gout is mostly generated in intensive farms lacking of greenish feed.
About the research of meat goose feed, most of the research is carried out on the current market, the No. CN108936038A uses saccharomycetes to carry out feed fermentation, but the fermented finished product needs to be dried until the moisture content is 10% -15%, then the finished product can be granulated and packaged, the invasion of infectious microbes is very easy in the process, and the feed quality is difficult to guarantee; the feed is prepared from fruit and vegetable juice, corn stigma, apocynum venetum root and chinaberry bark in the patent No. CN107549503A, and mushroom residue, banana peel powder and citrus residue in the patent No. CN108684934A, and the raw materials are more suitable for farmers to mix with the feed and are difficult to prepare into pellet feed commonly used in intensive farms; the patent nos. CN107319120A and CN108244387A only consider the composition of the meat goose feed from the viewpoint of meat quality and nutrition, and do not consider the prevention of meat goose diseases from the viewpoint of feed nutrition.
How to effectively utilize the microbial fermentation technology and scientific proportioning raw materials to prepare the meat goose feed and apply the meat goose feed to the finished meat goose feed pellets on a large scale is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a formula feed for meat geese for preventing gout, and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a formula feed for meat geese for preventing gout, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of fermentation material, 5-10 parts of broken rice, 8-12 parts of coarse bran, 1-3 parts of wheat germ, 10-15 parts of wheat middling, 3-8 parts of alfalfa meal, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of corn germ meal, 1-3 parts of nucleotide residues, 1-2 parts of coarse stone powder, 2-4 parts of soybean oil, 0.5-1.5 parts of lysine, 0.1-0.3 part of liquid methionine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0-0.2 part of choline chloride, 0-0.2 part of baking soda, 0-0.3 part of betaine, 0.2-0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.2-0.4 part of montmorillonite, 0.1-0.3 part of vitamin complex and 0.1-0.3 part of complex trace element;
the fermentation material is obtained by adding water into raw materials including wheat bran, corn and bean pulp and performing microbial fermentation for 3-4 days;
the microorganism includes Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the wheat bran to the corn and the soybean meal is (50-75): 20-30): 10-20).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the saccharomyces boulardii to the lactobacillus plantarum to the bacillus subtilis is (30-50): (10-20).
Preferably, the number of effective viable bacteria in the Saccharomyces boulardii is not less than 1 x 107CFU/g。
Preferably, the effective viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum is not less than 1 x 109CFU/g。
Preferably, the number of effective viable bacteria in the bacillus subtilis is not less than 1 x 109CFU/g。
Preferably, the compound vitamins comprise 1750000-5000000 IU/kg of vitamin A, 3250000-2500000 IU/kg of vitamin D, more than or equal to 5000IU/kg of vitamin E, more than or equal to 3250-2500 mg/kg of vitamin K, more than or equal to 400mg/kg of vitamin B1, more than or equal to 1750mg/kg of vitamin B2, more than or equal to 4mg/kg of vitamin B12, more than or equal to 12000mg/kg of nicotinic acid and more than or equal to 3600mg/kg of pantothenic acid.
Preferably, the composite trace elements comprise 2500-12500 mg/kg of copper, 40000-375000 mg/kg of iron, 27500-60000 mg/kg of zinc and 35000-75000 mg/kg of manganese.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the compound feed for meat geese, which is characterized in that the components in the technical scheme are mixed, crushed and granulated to obtain the compound feed for meat geese.
The invention also provides application of the compound feed for the meat geese in the technical scheme in preparation of the feed for preventing gout of the meat geese.
The invention provides a formula feed for meat geese for preventing gout, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of fermentation material, 5-10 parts of broken rice, 8-12 parts of coarse bran, 1-3 parts of wheat germ, 10-15 parts of wheat middling, 3-8 parts of alfalfa meal, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of corn germ meal, 1-3 parts of nucleotide residues, 1-2 parts of coarse stone powder, 2-4 parts of soybean oil, 0.5-1.5 parts of lysine, 0.1-0.3 part of liquid methionine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0-0.2 part of choline chloride, 0-0.2 part of baking soda, 0-0.3 part of betaine, 0.2-0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.2-0.4 part of montmorillonite, 0.1-0.3 part of vitamin complex and 0.1-0.3 part of complex trace element; the fermentation material is obtained by adding water into raw materials including wheat bran, corn and bean pulp and fermenting for 3-4 days by microorganisms; the microorganism includes Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis. In the invention, the fermented material obtained by microbial fermentation is beneficial to the ingestion of meat geese, can improve the growth performance of the meat geese and enhance the resistance of the meat geese; the baking soda can adjust the pH value balance of the intestines and stomach of the meat goose, activate the kidney and invigorate the spleen, prevent gout and play a role in preventing gout of the meat goose under the mutual synergistic effect of the baking soda, the betaine and the choline chloride.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a formula feed for meat geese for preventing gout, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of fermentation material, 5-10 parts of broken rice, 8-12 parts of coarse bran, 1-3 parts of wheat germ, 10-15 parts of wheat middling, 3-8 parts of alfalfa meal, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of corn germ meal, 1-3 parts of nucleotide residues, 1-2 parts of coarse stone powder, 2-4 parts of soybean oil, 0.5-1.5 parts of lysine, 0.1-0.3 part of liquid methionine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0-0.2 part of choline chloride, 0-0.2 part of baking soda, 0-0.3 part of betaine, 0.2-0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.2-0.4 part of montmorillonite, 0.1-0.3 part of vitamin complex and 0.1-0.3 part of complex trace element; the fermentation material is obtained by adding water into raw materials including wheat bran, corn and bean pulp and fermenting for 3-4 days by microorganisms; the microorganism includes Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis.
The compound feed for meat geese comprises 25-35 parts by weight of fermentation materials, preferably 28-32 parts by weight, and more preferably 30 parts by weight.
In the invention, the fermentation material is obtained by adding water into raw materials including wheat bran, corn and bean pulp and then fermenting for 3-4 days by using microorganisms. In the invention, the mass ratio of the wheat bran, the corn and the soybean meal is preferably (50-75): 20-30): 10-20), more preferably (55-70): 22-28): 12-18. In the invention, the wheat bran, the corn and the bean pulp are preferably crushed, screened by a 2.0mm sieve and then fermented. The invention preferably performs fermentation under natural conditions, and performs fermentation for 4 days when the temperature of the natural environment is less than 25 ℃, and performs fermentation for 3 days when the temperature of the natural environment is more than 25 ℃.
In the present invention, the microorganisms include Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Bacillus subtilis; the mass ratio of the saccharomyces boulardii to the lactobacillus plantarum and the bacillus subtilis is preferably (30-50): 10-20), and more preferably (35-45): 12-18.
In the present invention, the number of effective viable bacteria in the Ladi yeast is preferably not less than 1X 107CFU/g, the effective viable count of the lactobacillus plantarum is preferably not less than 1 x 109CFU/g, the effective viable count of the bacillus subtilis is preferably not less than 1 x 109CFU/g。
In the invention, the fermented material obtained by microbial fermentation is beneficial to the ingestion of meat geese, can improve the growth performance of the meat geese, enhances the resistance of the meat geese, and further can prevent the gout of the meat geese.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the wheat bran to the water is preferably (50-75): (30-45). In the invention, the mass ratio of the wheat bran to the microorganisms is (50-75): 0.5-1.5.
In the present invention, the fermentation is preferably carried out under natural conditions.
The compound feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 5-10 parts by weight of broken rice, and preferably 8 parts by weight of broken rice. The source of the broken rice is not particularly limited, and the broken rice can be obtained by adopting a conventional commercial product. In the invention, the broken rice provides an energy source, the palatability of the product is improved, and the feed intake of the meat goose is increased. In the present invention, the quality requirements of the broken rice preferably include: the water content is less than or equal to 14.0 percent; the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 percent; ash content is less than or equal to 2.5 percent; vomitoxin is less than or equal to 500 ppb; the content of the gibberellin ketene toxin is less than or equal to 100 ppb; aflatoxin is less than or equal to 30 ppb.
The compound feed for meat geese comprises 8-12 parts by weight of coarse bran, and preferably 10 parts by weight of coarse bran. The source of the coarse bran is not particularly limited, and the conventional commercial product can be adopted. In the invention, the coarse bran improves the content of coarse fibers in the product and improves the gastrointestinal health of the meat goose.
The compound feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 1-3 parts by weight of wheat germ, preferably 2 parts by weight. The source of the wheat germ is not particularly limited, and the wheat germ can be obtained by adopting a conventional commercial product. In the present invention, the wheat germ improves the palatability of the product, supplementing energy and crude protein appropriately.
The compound feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 10-15 parts by weight of wheat middling, and preferably 12-14 parts by weight of wheat middling. The source of the wheat middling is not particularly limited, and the wheat middling can be obtained by adopting a conventional commercial product. In the invention, the wheat middling improves the product adhesiveness and reduces the product flour content. In the present invention, the quality requirements of the wheat middling preferably include: the water content is less than or equal to 13.0 percent; the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 13.0 percent; ash content is less than or equal to 3.0 percent; vomitoxin is less than or equal to 3000 ppb; less than or equal to 300ppb of gibberellin ketene toxin; aflatoxin is less than or equal to 30 ppb.
The compound feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 3-8 parts by weight of alfalfa meal, preferably 5 parts by weight of alfalfa meal. The alfalfa powder is obtained by preparing a conventional commercial product or a conventional preparation method without special limitation on the source. In the invention, the alfalfa meal provides digestible fiber, protein and energy, and improves the intestinal health of the meat geese.
The compound feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 5-10 parts by weight of soybean meal, and preferably 8 parts by weight of soybean meal. The soybean meal is not particularly limited in source, and conventional commercial products are adopted, and the soybean meal supplements feed protein and amino acid nutrition. In the present invention, the quality requirements of the soybean meal preferably include: the water content is less than or equal to 13.0 percent; the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 46.0 percent; ash content is less than or equal to 7.0 percent; urease activity less than or equal to 0.3mg/(min.g) (calculated as ammoniacal nitrogen); the protein solubility is 70-85%.
The compound feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 8-12 parts by weight of corn germ meal, and preferably 10 parts by weight of corn germ meal. In the present invention, the corn germ meal is preferably unpulfed corn germ meal. The corn germ meal is not particularly limited in source, and can be prepared from conventional commercial products. In the present invention, the corn germ meal provides a portion of the energy and protein.
The mixed feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 1-3 parts by weight of nucleotide residues, preferably 2 parts by weight. The source of the nucleotide residues is not particularly limited, and the conventional commercial products are adopted. In the present invention, the nucleotide dregs provide energy and part of essential amino acids.
The mixed feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 1-2 parts by weight of coarse stone powder, and preferably 1.5 parts by weight of coarse stone powder. The source of the coarse stone powder is not particularly limited, and the coarse stone powder can be prepared from conventional commercial products. In the invention, the coarse stone powder provides calcium for the growth of the meat goose.
The compound feed for meat geese comprises 2-4 parts by weight of soybean oil, and preferably 3 parts by weight of soybean oil. In the present invention, the soybean oil supplements energy.
The compound feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of lysine, preferably 1 part by weight. In the present invention, the lysine supplements lysine required for the growth of meat geese.
The compound feed for meat geese comprises 0.1-0.3 part by weight of liquid methionine, and preferably 0.2 part by weight of liquid methionine. The source of the liquid methionine is not particularly limited, and the liquid methionine can be obtained by adopting a conventional commercial product. In the present invention, the liquid methionine supplements methionine required for the growth of meat geese.
The compound feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 0.1 part of threonine by weight. In the present invention, the threonine supplements methionine required for the growth of meat geese.
The compound feed for meat geese comprises 0-0.2 parts by weight of choline chloride. In the invention, the choline chloride can improve the feed conversion rate of the meat goose body and reduce the feed conversion ratio.
The mixed feed for the meat geese comprises 0-0.2 parts by weight of baking soda, and the baking soda can adjust the pH value balance of intestines and stomach of the meat geese, activate kidney and invigorate spleen, and prevent gout.
The compound feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 0-0.3 parts of betaine by weight. In the invention, the betaine can improve the feed conversion rate of the meat goose body and reduce the feed conversion ratio.
In the invention, the baking soda, the betaine and the choline chloride are synergistic, so that the effect of preventing gout can be achieved while the normal growth of the meat goose is ensured.
The compound feed for meat geese comprises 0.2-0.4 part by weight of sodium chloride, and preferably 0.3 part by weight of sodium chloride. In the present invention, the sodium chloride supplements salts required for the growth of meat geese. The compound feed for meat geese comprises 0.2-0.4 part by weight of montmorillonite, and preferably 0.3 part by weight of montmorillonite. In the present invention, the montmorillonite is preferably a super montmorillonite, and the source of the super montmorillonite is not particularly limited in the present invention, and a conventional commercially available product may be used. In the present invention, the montmorillonite adsorbs toxins that are detrimental to goose growth. In the present invention, the quality requirements of the ultrafine montmorillonite preferably include: the water content is less than or equal to 5.0 percent; the ammonia absorption value is more than or equal to 120mmol/100 g; the blue absorption amount is more than or equal to 42mmol/100 g.
The compound feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 0.1-0.3 part by weight of compound vitamin, preferably 0.2 part by weight. In the invention, the compound vitamin preferably comprises 1750000-5000000 IU/kg of vitamin A, 3250000-2500000 IU/kg of vitamin D, more than or equal to 5000IU/kg of vitamin E, 250-2500 mg/kg of vitamin K3, more than or equal to 400mg/kg of vitamin B1, more than or equal to 1750mg/kg of vitamin B2, more than or equal to 4mg/kg of vitamin B12, more than or equal to 12000mg/kg of nicotinic acid and more than or equal to 3600mg/kg of pantothenic acid. In the invention, the compound vitamin supplements vitamins necessary for the growth of meat geese.
The compound feed for meat geese provided by the invention comprises 0.1-0.3 part by weight of composite trace elements, and preferably 0.2 part by weight of composite trace elements. In the invention, the composite trace elements preferably comprise 2500-12500 mg/kg of copper, 40000-375000 mg/kg of iron, 500-60000 mg/kg of zinc and 35000-75000 mg/kg of manganese. In the invention, the compound vitamin is used for supplementing mineral elements necessary for the growth of the meat geese.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the compound feed for meat geese, which is characterized in that the components in the technical scheme are mixed, crushed and granulated to obtain the compound feed for meat geese.
The invention has no special limitation on the grinding, and the grinding conditions of the meat goose feed prepared by the conventional method in the field are adopted. In the present invention, the granulation is performed by steam granulation at 90 ℃. The feed obtained by granulating is not specially limited in particle size, and the particle size of the feed is the same as that of the feed fed by a conventional method.
The invention also provides application of the compound feed for the meat geese in the technical scheme in preparation of the feed for preventing gout of the meat geese.
In the invention, the compound feed for the meat geese is used for meat geese from 15 days old to slaughter, and the feeding mode is free feeding.
Example 1
(1) And (4) preparing fermented feed. By weight, 60 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of corn and 15 parts of soybean meal are crushed by a 2.0mm sieve sheet, and then 1 part of solid microbial inoculum and 40 parts of water are additionally added, and fermentation is carried out for 3 days at normal temperature. The solid microbial inoculum consists of 3 independent microbial inoculants of saccharomyces boulardii, lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis which are mixed, wherein the 3 bacteria account for 50 percent by weight; 40% of lactobacillus plantarum; the bacillus subtilis accounts for 10 percent. The effective colony number in the saccharomyces boulardii is not less than 1 multiplied by 107CFU/g; the effective colony number in the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum is not less than 1 multiplied by 109CFU/g; the effective colony number in the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum is not less than 1 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
(2) The following raw materials are mixed and crushed according to certain parts. 27.85 parts of fermented feed, 10 parts of broken rice, 10 parts of coarse bran, 3 parts of wheat germ, 15 parts of wheat middling, 5 parts of alfalfa meal, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of unpulped corn germ meal, 2 parts of nucleotide residue, 1.5 parts of coarse stone powder, 3 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of lysine, 0.2 part of liquid methionine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.1 part of baking soda, 0.15 part of betaine, 0.3 part of sodium chloride, 0.3 part of ultramicro montmorillonite, 0.2 part of compound vitamin and 0.2 part of compound trace element in the step (1);
the quality requirement of broken rice is as follows: the water content is less than or equal to 14.0 percent; the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 percent; ash content is less than or equal to 2.5 percent; vomitoxin is less than or equal to 500 ppb; the content of gibberellin ketene toxin is less than or equal to 100 ppb; aflatoxins are less than or equal to 30 ppb;
the wheat middling quality requirement is as follows: the water content is less than or equal to 13.0 percent; the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 13.0 percent; ash content is less than or equal to 3.0 percent; vomitoxin is less than or equal to 3000 ppb; the content of the gibberellin ketene toxin is less than or equal to 300 ppb; aflatoxins are less than or equal to 30 ppb;
the quality requirement of the soybean meal is as follows: the water content is less than or equal to 13.0 percent; the content of crude protein is more than or equal to 46.0 percent; ash content is less than or equal to 7.0 percent; urease activity less than or equal to 0.3mg/(min.g) (calculated as ammoniacal nitrogen); protein solubility is 70% -85%;
the quality requirement of the ultra-micro montmorillonite is as follows: the water content is less than or equal to 5.0 percent; the ammonia absorption value is more than or equal to 120mmol/100 g; the blue absorption amount is more than or equal to 42mmol/100 g;
vitamin A complex: 2750000 IU/kg; vitamin D3: 1500000 IU/kg; vitamin E: 6000 IU/kg; vitamin K3, 1250 mg/kg; vitamin B1: 600 mg/kg; vitamin B2: 1750 mg/kg; vitamin B12: 6 mg/kg; nicotinic acid: 12000 mg/kg; pantothenic acid: 3600 mg/kg;
4500mg/kg of composite trace element copper; 50000mg/kg iron; zinc 27500 mg/kg; manganese 35000 mg/kg.
(3) And (3) conditioning and granulating the materials obtained after mixing and crushing by high-temperature steam at 90 ℃, and then cooling, sieving and packaging to obtain the compound feed for the meat geese, which can prevent gout.
Example 2
(1) And (4) preparing fermented feed. Based on the weight parts, 75 parts of wheat bran, 20 parts of corn and 5 parts of soybean meal are crushed by a 2.0mm sieve sheet, and then 1.5 parts of solid microbial inoculum and 40 parts of water are additionally added, and the mixture is fermented for 3 days at normal temperature. The solid microbial inoculum consists of 3 independent microbial inoculants of saccharomyces boulardii, lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis which are mixed, wherein the 3 microbial inoculants account for 45 percent by weight; 45% of lactobacillus plantarum; the bacillus subtilis accounts for 10 percent. The effective colony number in the saccharomyces boulardii is not less than 1 multiplied by 107CFU/g; the effective colony number in the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum is not less than 1 multiplied by 109CFU/g; the effective colony number in the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum is not less than 1 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
(2) The following raw materials are mixed and crushed according to certain parts. 28.8 parts of fermented feed, 8 parts of broken rice, 12 parts of coarse bran, 2 parts of wheat germ, 15 parts of wheat middling, 5 parts of alfalfa meal, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of unpulped corn germ meal, 2 parts of nucleotide residue, 1.5 parts of coarse stone powder, 3 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of lysine, 0.2 part of liquid methionine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0.15 part of choline chloride, 0.15 part of baking soda, 0.1 part of betaine, 0.3 part of sodium chloride, 0.3 part of ultramicro montmorillonite, 0.2 part of compound vitamin and 0.2 part of compound trace element. The quality requirements of broken rice, wheat middling, soybean meal and ultramicro montmorillonite are the same as those of example 1; the kinds and proportions of the composite trace elements and the composite vitamins were the same as in example 1.
(3) And (3) conditioning and granulating the crushed materials by high-temperature steam at 90 ℃, and then cooling, sieving and packaging to obtain the compound feed for the meat geese, which can prevent gout.
Example 3
(1) And (4) preparing fermented feed. 50 parts of wheat bran, 30 parts of corn and 20 parts of soybean meal are crushed by a 2.0mm sieve sheet, and then 0.5 part of solid microbial inoculum and 45 parts of water are additionally added, and the mixture is fermented for 3 days at normal temperature. The solid microbial inoculum consists of 3 independent microbial inoculants of saccharomyces boulardii, lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus subtilis which are mixed, wherein the 3 bacteria account for 40 percent by weight; 40% of lactobacillus plantarum; the bacillus subtilis accounts for 20 percent. The effective colony number in the saccharomyces boulardii is not less than 1 multiplied by 107CFU/g; the effective colony number in the lactobacillus plantarum microbial inoculum is not less than 1 multiplied by 109CFU/g; the effective colony number in the bacillus subtilis microbial inoculum is not less than 1 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
(2) The following raw materials are mixed and crushed according to certain parts. 30.6 parts of fermented feed, 10 parts of broken rice, 10 parts of coarse bran, 3 parts of wheat germ, 12 parts of wheat middling, 5 parts of alfalfa meal, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of unpulped corn germ meal, 2 parts of nucleotide residue, 1.5 parts of coarse stone powder, 3 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of lysine, 0.2 part of liquid methionine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.2 part of baking soda, 0.2 part of betaine, 0.3 part of sodium chloride, 0.3 part of ultramicro montmorillonite, 0.2 part of compound vitamin and 0.2 part of compound trace element. The quality requirements of broken rice, wheat middling, soybean meal and ultrafine montmorillonite are the same as those of example 1; the kinds and proportions of the composite trace elements and the composite vitamins were the same as in example 1.
(3) And (3) conditioning and granulating the crushed materials by high-temperature steam at 90 ℃, and then cooling, sieving and packaging to obtain the compound feed for the meat geese, which can prevent gout.
Comparative example 1
(instead of using fermented feed, equal amounts of wheat bran, corn, soybean meal were used, and other raw materials were composed in the same manner as in example 1)
(1) The following raw materials are mixed and crushed according to certain parts. 8.3 parts of corn, 15.55 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of broken rice, 10 parts of coarse bran, 3 parts of wheat germ, 15 parts of wheat middling, 5 parts of alfalfa meal, 14 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of unpulped corn germ meal, 2 parts of nucleotide residue, 1.5 parts of coarse stone powder, 3 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of lysine, 0.2 part of liquid methionine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.1 part of baking soda, 0.15 part of betaine, 0.3 part of sodium chloride, 0.3 part of ultramicro montmorillonite, 0.2 part of compound vitamin and 0.2 part of compound trace element. The quality requirements of broken rice, wheat middling, soybean meal and ultrafine montmorillonite are the same as those of example 1; the kinds and proportions of the composite trace elements and the composite vitamins were the same as in example 1.
(2) And (3) conditioning and granulating the crushed materials by high-temperature steam at 90 ℃, and then cooling, sieving and packaging to obtain the compound feed for the meat geese.
Comparative example 2
(the composition of other raw materials and the processing method were the same as in example 1 without using baking soda)
(1) Fermented feed was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
(2) The following raw materials are mixed and crushed according to certain parts. 27.95 parts of fermented feed, 10 parts of broken rice, 10 parts of coarse bran, 3 parts of wheat germ, 15 parts of wheat middling, 5 parts of alfalfa meal, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of unpulped corn germ meal, 2 parts of nucleotide residue, 1.5 parts of coarse stone powder, 3 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of lysine, 0.2 part of liquid methionine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0.1 part of choline chloride, 0.15 part of betaine, 0.3 part of sodium chloride, 0.3 part of ultramicro montmorillonite, 0.2 part of compound vitamin and 0.2 part of compound trace element. The quality requirements of broken rice, wheat middling, soybean meal and ultrafine montmorillonite are the same as those of example 1; the kinds and proportions of the composite trace elements and the composite vitamins were the same as in example 1.
(3) And (3) conditioning and granulating the crushed materials by high-temperature steam at 90 ℃, and then cooling, sieving and packaging to obtain the compound feed for the meat geese.
Comparative example 3
(other raw Material composition and Process method were the same as in example 1 without using choline chloride and betaine)
(1) Fermented feed was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
(2) The following raw materials are mixed and crushed according to certain parts. 28.10 parts of fermented feed, 10 parts of broken rice, 10 parts of coarse bran, 3 parts of wheat germ, 15 parts of wheat middling, 5 parts of alfalfa meal, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of unpulverized corn germ meal, 2 parts of nucleotide residue, 1.5 parts of coarse stone powder, 3 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of lysine, 0.2 part of liquid methionine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0.1 part of baking soda, 0.3 part of sodium chloride, 0.3 part of ultramicro montmorillonite, 0.2 part of compound vitamin and 0.2 part of compound trace element. The quality requirements of broken rice, wheat middling, soybean meal and ultrafine montmorillonite are the same as those of example 1; the kinds and proportions of the composite trace elements and the composite vitamins were the same as in example 1.
(3) And (3) conditioning and granulating the crushed materials by high-temperature steam at 90 ℃, and then cooling, sieving and packaging to obtain the compound feed for the meat geese.
Example 4
The invention selects the poultry test field of the Tangrenshen group Huaibei Huaihua Camel feed company to carry out 54-day meat goose comparative feeding demonstration, and the specific test method is as follows:
6000-feather 18-day-old Sanhua meat geese are selected as breeding objects (meat geese feed freely), 6 groups are divided into 6 groups, each group contains 1000 feathers, the feed used in the test 1 group is the finished feed product obtained in the example 1, the feed used in the test 2 group is the finished feed product obtained in the example 2, the feed used in the test 3 group is the finished feed product obtained in the example 3, the feed used in the test 4 group is the finished feed product obtained in the comparative example 1, the feed used in the test 5 group is the finished feed product obtained in the comparative example 2, and the feed used in the test 6 group is the finished feed product obtained in the example 3, and the specific test effects are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of different goose compound feeds on goose production performance
From table 1, it can be seen:
compared with the test 2 group and the test 3 group, the test 1 group and the test 3 group can obtain different growth performance indexes of the meat geese by adjusting the fermentation process of the fermented feed and the composition proportion of the raw materials such as the baking soda, the choline chloride, the betaine and the like, and the situation that the raw materials have a synergistic effect and an antagonistic effect with each other and the reasonable proportion can maximize the production benefit of the meat geese is shown.
Compared with the test group 4, the test group 1 and the test group 4 have the advantages that only the fermented feed is added or not added under the condition that other conditions are not changed, the meat goose weight, the feed-meat ratio, the dressing percentage, the gout incidence and the survival rate after the test of the test group 1 have obvious advantages, and the fact that the microorganism is used for fermenting part of feed raw materials firstly and then carrying out production granulation is demonstrated, so that various growth performance indexes of the meat goose are improved.
Compared with the test group 5, the test group 1 has certain advantages in gout incidence and survival rate of the meat geese only by adding or not adding baking soda under the condition that other conditions are not changed, which shows that the baking soda is used to reduce the gout incidence of the meat geese and improve the survival rate of the meat geese.
Compared with the test 6 group, the test 1 group only adds or does not add choline chloride and betaine under the condition that other conditions are not changed, the feed conversion ratio and the slaughter rate of the test 1 group have great advantages, and the use of choline chloride and betaine is proved to reduce the feed conversion ratio of the meat geese and improve the slaughter rate of the meat geese.
According to the embodiment and the comparative example, the compound feed for the meat geese has the characteristics of high nutritional value and strong disease resistance, can effectively relieve the occurrence of the gout of the meat geese while meeting the nutritional requirements of the meat geese, and improves the survival rate of the meat geese.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The compound feed for meat geese for preventing gout is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
25-35 parts of fermentation material, 5-10 parts of broken rice, 8-12 parts of coarse bran, 1-3 parts of wheat germ, 10-15 parts of wheat middling, 3-8 parts of alfalfa meal, 5-10 parts of soybean meal, 8-12 parts of corn germ meal, 1-3 parts of nucleotide residues, 1-2 parts of coarse stone powder, 2-4 parts of soybean oil, 0.5-1.5 parts of lysine, 0.1-0.3 part of liquid methionine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0-0.2 part of choline chloride, 0.1-0.2 part of baking soda, 0-0.3 part of betaine, 0.2-0.4 part of sodium chloride, 0.2-0.4 part of montmorillonite, 0.1-0.3 part of compound vitamin and 0.1-0.3 part of compound trace element;
the fermentation material is obtained by adding water into raw materials including wheat bran, corn and bean pulp and fermenting for 3-4 days by microorganisms;
the microorganism includes Saccharomyces boulardii, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis.
2. The compound feed for meat geese according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of wheat bran to corn and soybean meal is (50-75): 20-30): 10-20.
3. The compound feed for meat geese according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the saccharomyces boulardii to the lactobacillus plantarum and the bacillus subtilis is (30-50): (10-20).
4. The meat goose of claim 1 or 3The compound feed is characterized in that the number of effective viable bacteria in the saccharomyces boulardii is not less than 1 multiplied by 107CFU/g。
5. The mixed feed for meat geese according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the number of effective viable bacteria in the Lactobacillus plantarum is not less than 1 x 109CFU/g。
6. The compound feed for meat geese according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the number of effective viable bacteria in the Bacillus subtilis is not less than 1 x 109CFU/g。
7. The compound feed for meat geese according to claim 1, wherein the vitamin complex comprises 1750000-5000000 IU/kg of vitamin A, 3250000-2500000 IU/kg of vitamin D, more than or equal to 5000IU/kg of vitamin E, more than or equal to 3250-2500 mg/kg of vitamin K, more than or equal to 400mg/kg of vitamin B1, more than or equal to 1750mg/kg of vitamin B2, more than or equal to 4mg/kg of vitamin B12, more than or equal to 12000mg/kg of nicotinic acid and more than or equal to 3600mg/kg of pantothenic acid.
8. The compound feed for meat geese according to claim 1, wherein the compound trace elements comprise 2500-12500 mg/kg of copper, 40000-375000 mg/kg of iron, 500-60000 mg/kg of zinc and 35000-75000 mg/kg of manganese.
9. The method for preparing a mixed feed for meat geese according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the components of claim 1 are mixed, pulverized and granulated to obtain the mixed feed for meat geese.
10. Use of the compound feed for meat geese according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in preparation of feed for preventing gout of meat geese.
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| CN110800880A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-02-18 | 河南牧业经济学院 | Gosling premix and gosling complete feed for preventing and treating goose gout |
| CN112167167A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-01-05 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Breeding method capable of remarkably reducing incidence rate of gout of gosling in intensive breeding mode |
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