CN110121414B - 具有防晒涂层和反射热射线的涂层的复合玻璃板 - Google Patents
具有防晒涂层和反射热射线的涂层的复合玻璃板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及复合玻璃板,其包括具有外侧表面(I)和内室侧表面(II)的外玻璃板(1)、具有外侧表面(III)和内室侧表面(IV)的内玻璃板(2)和热塑性中间层(3),所述热塑性中间层将外玻璃板(1)的内室侧表面(II)与内玻璃板(2)的外侧表面(III)接合,其中所述复合玻璃板在外玻璃板(1)和内玻璃板(2)之间具有至少一个防晒涂层(4),其基本上反射或吸收太阳辐射的可见光谱外的射线,特别是红外射线,且其中所述复合玻璃板在内玻璃板(2)的内室侧表面(IV)上具有反射热射线的涂层(5)(低辐射涂层),其特征在于,所述复合玻璃板的透射指数A为0.02至0.08,其中透射指数A根据下式(I)确定,A=TL复合玻璃质玻璃板/(TL低辐射涂覆的玻璃板*TE)(I),其中TL是透光率且TE是能量透射率,其根据ISO 9050测量。
Description
本发明涉及具有防晒涂层和反射热射线的涂层的复合玻璃板及其用途。
具有权利要求1的上位概念的特征的复合玻璃板例如由DE 19927683 C1已知。
DE 19927683 C1公开了一种复合玻璃质玻璃板,其由至少两个玻璃质玻璃板和将它们接合的透明复合层制成并具有基本上反射在太阳辐射的可见光谱外的辐射,特别是红外射线的防晒层,其特征在于该复合玻璃质玻璃板在其指向内室的表面上配备有另一个与该防晒层在空间上分开的透明的、基本上反射热射线的涂层(低辐射层)。DE 19927683 C1的目的是提供一种具有防晒性能的复合玻璃质玻璃板,其中在低的外部温度下,通过大面积的玻璃从车辆内室的热吸收大大减少。透过复合玻璃板的透光率为例如31%。
如在遮阳棚和天窗中使用的玻璃需要2%至10%的透光率和特定的防晒,其特征在于TTS值,其是通过玻璃板的太阳总透射热辐射的量度并且例如根据ISO 9050测量。在较高的透光率下,一方面太多的热辐射被透射,另一方面玻璃后面的人可能由于太多的光输入而在视觉上受干扰。在较低的透光率下,玻璃整体上太暗,以使得玻璃后面的人不再能通过该玻璃透视。
因此,目的是尽可能低的TTS值以及2至10%的透光率的组合,以确保透过顶部向外的视野与良好的热性能之间的尽可能最佳的折衷。因此,低辐射能力和反射红外,即控制太阳辐射的功能必须组合在层压的遮阳棚和天窗中。反射红外,即控制太阳辐射的功能是通过外玻璃板内侧上基于银的涂层或在两个聚乙烯醇缩丁醛薄膜之间的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜来实现的。基于银的涂层具有固有缺点,即光的可见范围中的反射是至少10%和相对高的。这种反射对在玻璃内室侧所感知的反射产生影响。小于6%,优选小于4%的光反射不被车辆乘客认为是干扰性的。即使在控制太阳的涂层和内玻璃板之间使用深色聚乙烯醇缩丁醛薄膜也不能完全补偿这种影响,并且取决于透光率,内玻璃板的内侧上的光反射增加。这种光反射的增加被车辆乘客,特别是后座椅上的车辆乘客感知为不利的,因为透过遮阳棚或天窗的视线条件变差并且发生视觉上的不舒适性,例如由于遮阳棚或天窗中的仪表板的强烈反射。
因此,这些缺点还涉及在遮阳棚或天窗中的如DE 19927683 C1中公开的复合玻璃质玻璃板。
WO2013/127563A1公开了另一种复合玻璃板,其在玻璃质玻璃板和内室侧表面上的低辐射涂层之间具有防晒层。该低辐射涂层是基于铌、钽、钼或锆形成的。
本发明的目的是,在所需的2至10 %的透过复合玻璃板的优选透光率范围内,实现在内玻璃板的内侧上感知的恒定光反射为小于6%,优选小于4%。另一个目的是实现尽可能低的TTS值。
根据本发明,该目的通过根据权利要求1的复合玻璃板实现。本发明的复合玻璃板包括具有外侧表面和内室侧表面的外玻璃板、具有外侧表面和内室侧表面的内玻璃板和将外玻璃板的内室侧表面与内玻璃板的外侧表面接合的热塑性中间层,其中所述复合玻璃板在外玻璃板和内玻璃板之间具有至少一个防晒涂层,其基本上反射或吸收太阳辐射的可见光谱外的射线,特别是红外射线,且其中所述复合玻璃质玻璃板在内玻璃板的内室侧表面上具有反射热射线的涂层,其中该复合玻璃板的透射指数A为0.02至0.08,其中透射指数A(A值)根据下式(I)确定
A = TL复合玻璃质玻璃板/(TL低辐射涂覆的玻璃板 * TE) (I),
其中TL是透光率且TE是能量透射率,其分别根据ISO 9050测量。
TL复合玻璃质玻璃板表示透过整个复合玻璃板的透光率。TL低辐射涂覆的玻璃板表示透过内玻璃板与反射热射线的涂层一起的透光率。通过选择复合玻璃板的组成部分,即内玻璃板、外玻璃板和中间层的色调,可以适当地调节TL值。TE值同时通过选择复合玻璃板的组成部分的色调以及还通过防晒涂层和反射热射线的涂层的性能来确定。本领域技术人员可以适当地选择相应的值,以实现根据本发明的透射指数A。
原则上,透射值也可以根据不同于ISO 9050的其它标准来确定,其中透射指数A仅稍微改变。
令人惊奇地已发现,这类复合玻璃板的低透光率为1至12%,优选为2至10%且同时总透射热辐射(TTS)低,特别是小于50%,优选小于35%,特别优选小于25%(根据ISO9050测量),其中复合玻璃质玻璃板的光反射小于6%,特别是小于4%。
这里的光反射是指在8°的角度下的反射。
因此,射入的太阳辐射只有一小部分到达玻璃板后面的空间,以使得一方面确保了有利的防晒,另一方面基本上防止了复合玻璃板后面的空间的加热,其中同时可以将内玻璃板内侧的反射减少到最小。
光透射(TL)和反射(RL)的值(如对于汽车玻璃通常的那样)与光类型A,即太阳光的波长为380 nm至780 nm的可见部分相关。基本上在太阳辐射的可见光谱外的射线,特别是红外射线被理解为是是指波长大于约800nm的射线。
透射指数A为0.02至0.08,优选为0.04至0.08,更优选为0.06至0.08,最优选为0.07至0.08。
复合玻璃板被设置用于在窗户开口中将内室,特别是车辆的内室相对于外部环境分隔。复合玻璃板是层压体并包括第一和第二玻璃质玻璃板,其在本发明的范围中被称为外玻璃板和内玻璃板并通过热塑性中间层相互接合。在本发明的范围中,内玻璃板表示在安装位置中朝向内室的玻璃板。外玻璃板表示在安装位置中朝向外部环境的玻璃板。在本发明的范围中,内室侧表面(或内侧或内表面)理解为是指玻璃板的在安装位置中朝向内室的表面。在本发明的范围中,外侧表面(或外侧或外表面)理解为是指玻璃板的在安装位置中朝向外部环境的表面。
玻璃质玻璃板的表面通常如下表示:
外玻璃板的外侧称为面1。外玻璃板的内侧称为面2。内玻璃板的外侧称为面3。内玻璃板的内侧称为面4。
外玻璃板的内室侧表面和内玻璃板的外侧表面彼此面对,并通过热塑性中间层相互接合。
热塑性中间层通过一个或多个热塑性薄膜形成。该热塑性薄膜优选含有聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(EVA)、聚氨酯(PU)和/或其混合物和/或其共聚物,更优选聚乙烯醇缩丁醛。薄膜优选基于所述材料形成,但也可以含有其它成分,例如增塑剂、着色剂、IR或UV吸收剂,其含量优选小于50%。
优选的是,所述至少一个热塑性聚合物薄膜,特别是所述至少一个PVB薄膜是着色的热塑性聚合物薄膜,特别是着色的PVB薄膜,其透光率为2至80%,优选为5至50%,更优选8至36%。使用着色的热塑性聚合物薄膜的优点是,基于整个复合玻璃质玻璃板的透光率可以通过选择热塑性聚合物薄膜而有利地调节。此外,通过具有特定透光率的热塑性聚合物薄膜和特定低辐射层的组合,复合玻璃质玻璃板的面4上的反射可以调节到小于6%的优选范围。
各个聚合物薄膜,特别是PVB薄膜优选具有约0.2mm至1mm,例如0.38mm或0.76mm的厚度。通过薄膜的厚度,可以影响复合玻璃质玻璃板的进一步性质。例如,较厚的PVB薄膜造成改进的隔音(特别是如果其含有声学有效的芯)、复合玻璃质玻璃板的提高的防盗性(Einbruchswiderstand)以及提高的防紫外辐射性(UV防护)。
所述防晒涂层(或防晒层)根据本发明布置在外玻璃板和内玻璃板之间。防晒涂层在一个优选实施方案中施加在外玻璃板的内室侧表面上。在另一个优选的实施方案中,防晒涂层嵌入到热塑性中间层中。为此,将防晒涂层施加到载体薄膜上,该载体薄膜布置在两个热塑性薄膜之间。该载体薄膜优选含有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)且厚度为20μm至100μm,例如约50μm。在另一个实施方案中,将防晒涂层施加在内玻璃板的外侧表面上。
防晒涂层的任务是过滤掉太阳辐射的特别是在红外范围内的部分。防晒涂层优选包括至少一个薄的透明金属层,其嵌入在至少各一个介电层之间。作为金属层的优选金属,银获得承认,因为它既具有相对中性的颜色效果,而且选择性地反射太阳辐射的可见范围外的红外辐射。所述介电层的任务是通过它们的折射率改进经涂覆的玻璃板的光学性能并保护金属功能层免于氧化。这种可以例如通过反应性溅射方法制造的防晒层广泛用于建筑物的玻璃,但也已用于机动车。在大多数情况下,使用具有两个银功能层,但也使用具有三个或四个银功能层的层体系,因为它们的效率,即相对于可见辐射的透射而言的可见范围外的红外辐射的反射是更大的。
合适的防晒涂层例如由WO2013/104439A1和DE 19927683C1已知。
介电层优选是基于介电氧化物或氮化物,例如ZnO、SnZnO、AIN、SiO2、TiO2或Si3N4形成的。
作为无机的,特别是基于银的涂层的替代物,防晒涂层也可以基于非金属的有机基础形成。在这种情况下,防晒涂层优选是具有不同或交替折射率的多个,通常几百个有机层的堆叠体。该堆叠体是双折射介质干涉堆叠体,其由于干涉效应而反射IR辐射。这类有机涂层相比于金属涂层而言具有更高颜色中性和更高透光率的优点。此外,其不干扰电磁信号的传输。PET载体薄膜上的这种防晒涂层例如由3M公司以商标名“Ultra-Clear SolarFilm”提供。
根据本发明,在内玻璃板的内侧(面4)上施加反射热射线的涂层。这种涂层例如由WO2013/131667A1已知。反射热射线的涂层也可称为低辐射的涂层、降低辐射的涂层、低辐射涂层或低辐射层。其任务是反射热辐射,特别是IR辐射,其波长比太阳辐射的红外部分更长。在低外部温度下,低辐射涂层将热反射回内室并减少内室的冷却。在高外部温度下,低辐射涂层将经加热的复合玻璃板的热辐射向外反射并减少内室的加热。在内玻璃板的内侧上,本发明的涂层特别有效地减少了在夏季时玻璃板的热辐射向内室的发射和在冬季时热向外部环境的辐射。
反射热射线的涂层优选包括含有透明导电氧化物(TCO),优选氧化铟锡、掺锑或氟的氧化锡和/或掺镓和/或铝的氧化锌(ZnO: Ga或ZnO: Al)的功能层,其中优选氧化铟锡。然而,该功能层还可以包含其它的导电氧化物,例如掺氟的氧化锡(SnO2:F)、掺锑的氧化锡(SnO2:Sb)、铟-锌混合氧化物(IZO)、掺镓或掺铝的氧化锌、掺铌的氧化钛、锡酸镉和/或锡酸锌。由此在本发明涂层的辐射率和可弯曲性方面实现特别好的结果。该功能层的材料的折射率优选为1.7至2.5。
氧化铟锡优选通过磁场辅助阴极溅射用氧化铟锡靶进行沉积。该靶优选含有75重量%至95重量%的氧化铟和5重量%至25重量%的氧化锡以及由制造所致的混入物。掺锡的氧化铟的沉积优选在保护气体气氛如氩气下进行。也可以将小含量氧气添加到保护气体中,例如以改进功能层的均匀性。
或者,靶可以优选地包含至少75重量%至95重量%的铟和5重量%至25重量%的锡。此时优选在阴极溅射期间通过添加氧气作为反应气体来进行氧化铟锡的沉积。
反射热射线的涂层通常还包括介电层,其特别是由介电氧化物或氮化物,例如ZnO、SnZnO、AlN、TiO2、SiO2或Si3N4形成。通过在上方和下方使用额外的介电层来使由反射性导电氧化物制成的层抗反射,以确保内侧的足够低的反射。
本发明的玻璃板的辐射率可以受反射热射线的涂层的功能层的厚度的影响。该功能层的厚度优选为40nm至200nm,更优选60nm至150nm,最优选65nm至85nm,例如约75nm。在该厚度的范围内,实现对于辐射率而言特别有利的值以及使该反射热射线的涂层经受住机械变形,如弯曲或预加应力而不受损的特别有利的能力。
本发明复合玻璃板的内室侧辐射率优选小于或等于50%,更优选10%至50%,最优选20%至35%。内室侧辐射率是指说明相比于例如建筑物或车辆的内室中的理想热辐射器(黑物体)而言的玻璃板在安装位置中发出多少热辐射的量度。在本发明的范围中,辐射率被理解为是指根据标准EN 12898在283K下的法向辐射率。
本发明的复合玻璃板的特征进一步优选在于,内玻璃板与施加在其上的反射热射线的涂层(低辐射层)一起的透光率为25%至95%。
外玻璃板和内玻璃板优选彼此独立地由玻璃或塑料,优选钠钙玻璃、碱金属铝硅酸盐玻璃、聚碳酸酯或聚甲基丙烯酸酯形成。在一个特别优选的实施方案中,外玻璃板和内玻璃板由玻璃组成。
合适的玻璃质玻璃板包括来自Saint-Gobain以商品名VG10、VG20、VG40或TSANx、TSA3+、TSA4+已知的玻璃质玻璃板,其中VG系列的玻璃是灰色玻璃且TSA系列的玻璃是绿色玻璃。
外玻璃板和/或内玻璃板优选彼此独立地具有0.1至4mm,优选1至4mm,更优选1.6mm至约2.1mm的厚度。
本发明的复合玻璃板优选具有1%至12%,优选2%至10%的透光率(根据ISO9050测量)。
具有施加在其上的反射热射线的涂层(低辐射层)的内玻璃板优选地具有在8°下小于6%,更优选小于4.0%的光反射(RL)(根据ISO 9050测量)。这是指作为复合玻璃板的部件的经涂覆的内玻璃板的光反射 – 换句话说,复合玻璃板的内室侧的光反射,即内玻璃板的背离外玻璃板的表面上的光反射。
透射指数A理想地根据中间层的透光率来设定,以实现最佳性能。优选地,透射指数A
- 在中间层的透光率(TL)为5至20%时为0.02至0.08,
- 在中间层的透光率为20至25%时为0.04至0.08,
- 在中间层的透光率为25至30%时为0.05至0.08,且
- 在中间层的透光率为大于30%,优选30%至50%时为0.07至0.08。
优选地,中间层的透光率的上述范围是穷举的,即中间层具有5至50%的透光率,其中透射指数A显示出对中间层的透光度的上述依赖性。
在一个特别有利的实施方案中,复合玻璃板的透射指数为0.07至0.08,其中中间层的透光率为8%至36%。由此实现特别好的结果。
在本发明的一个有利扩展方案中,在热塑性中间层中嵌入具有可电控光学性能的功能元件。由此,透过复合玻璃板的透视可以是电控的,特别是在清澈透视的状态和减小透射的状态之间。复合玻璃板或中间层的透光率的所示值总是涉及在清澈透视的状态下的具有该功能元件的复合玻璃板。
此类功能元件通常与防晒涂层组合使用,以保护该功能元件免受有害的IR辐射。具有减小的内室侧反射的本发明复合玻璃板特别地与可电控的功能元件组合着展现其优点:不希望的内室侧反射特别地会在切换到透视的状态下被认为是干扰性的,因为恰好在这一状态下希望向外的不受影响的视线。
所述功能元件布置在中间层的热塑性材料的至少两个层之间,特别是在两个聚合物薄膜之间,其中它通过第一层与外玻璃板接合并通过第二层与内玻璃板接合。优选地,功能元件的侧边缘完全被中间层包围,以使得功能元件不延伸到复合玻璃板的侧边缘,因此不与周围大气接触。为了补偿功能元件在边缘区域中的厚度,该功能元件可以嵌入热塑性材料的第三层的缺口中。
所述功能元件包括至少一个活性层,其布置在第一载体薄膜和第二载体薄膜之间。该活性层具有可变的光学性能,其可以通过施加到该活性层上的电压来控制。在本发明的范围内,可电控的光学性能被理解为是指可无级控制的那些性能,但同样也被理解为是指可以在两个或更多个分立状态之间切换的那些性能。所述光学性能特别地涉及透光率和/或散射行为。该功能元件还包括用于将电压施加到活性层上的平面电极(Flächenelektrode),其优选地布置在载体薄膜和活性层之间。
在一个优选实施方案中,功能元件是PDLC功能元件(聚合物分散液晶)。PDLC功能元件的活性层含有嵌入聚合物基体中的液晶。如果不向平面电极施加电压,则液晶无序排列,这导致穿过活性层的光的强烈散射。如果向平面电极施加电压,则液晶沿共同方向排列,并且透过活性层的光透射增加。
在另一优选实施方案中,功能元件是SPD功能元件(悬浮颗粒装置)。在这种情况下,活性层含有悬浮颗粒,其中通过向平面电极施加电压可改变光被活性层的吸收。然而,原则上也可以使用其它类型的可调节的功能元件,例如电致变色的功能元件。所提及的可调节的功能元件及其操作模式对于本领域技术人员而言是本身已知的,因此在这一点上可以省略详细描述。
平面电极优选被设计为透明的导电层。平面电极优选含有至少一种金属、金属合金或透明导电氧化物(透明导电氧化物,TCO)。平面电极可以包含例如银、金、铜、镍、铬、钨、氧化铟锡(ITO)、掺镓或掺铝的氧化锌和/或掺氟或掺锑的氧化锡。平面电极的厚度优选为10nm至2μm,更优选为20nm至1μm,最优选30nm至500nm。
功能元件特别是作为具有两个外部载体薄膜的多层薄膜存在。在此类多层薄膜的情况下,平面电极和活性层通常布置在这两个载体薄膜之间。在此,外部载体薄膜是指该载体薄膜形成多层薄膜的两个表面。因此,功能元件可以作为可有利地加工的层压薄膜提供。功能元件有利地被载体薄膜保护免受损坏,尤其是腐蚀。多层薄膜以所示次序含有至少一个载体薄膜、平面电极、活性层、另一个平面电极和另一个载体薄膜。通常,载体薄膜各自具有导电涂层,其朝向活性层并用作平面电极。载体薄膜通常含有PET并且具有0.1mm至1mm的厚度,特别是0.1mm至0.2mm的厚度。
本发明还涉及本发明复合玻璃板在车辆中,优选作为车辆的顶玻璃板,特别优选作为机动车,特别是载人轿车的顶玻璃板的用途。
本发明还涉及包括本发明复合玻璃质玻璃板的车辆,优选机动车。
在下文中,通过附图和实施例更详细地解释本发明。该附图是示意图且不按比例。该附图不以任何方式限制本发明。
其中:
图1显示了通过本发明复合玻璃板的一个实施方案的截面,
图2显示了根据中间层透光率的本发明复合玻璃板的一个实施方案的反射率图。
图1显示了通过本发明的复合玻璃板的一个实施方案的截面。该复合玻璃板包括外玻璃板1和内玻璃板2,它们通过热塑性中间层3相互接合。该复合玻璃板的尺寸为约1m2,并且被设置作为载人轿车的顶玻璃板,其中外玻璃板1被设置用于朝向外部环境,内玻璃板2被设置用于朝向车辆内室。外玻璃板1具有外侧表面I和内室侧表面II。内玻璃板2具有外侧表面III和内室侧表面IV。外侧表面I和III在安装位置中朝向外部环境,内室侧表面II和IV在安装位置中朝向车辆内室。外玻璃板1的内室侧表面II和内玻璃板2的外侧表面III彼此面对。外玻璃板1和内玻璃板2含有钠钙玻璃,并各自具有2.1mm的厚度。热塑性中间层3包含聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)或由其组成,且厚度为0.76mm。
在外玻璃板1的内室侧表面II上布置防晒涂层4。防晒涂层4在整个表面II上延伸,减去宽度为8mm的环形框架状的无涂层区域。通过用热塑性中间层3粘合,将无涂层的区域气密性密封。因此有利地保护防晒涂层4免受损坏和腐蚀。防晒涂层4包括例如至少两个功能层,其至少包含银或由银组成并且具有10nm至20nm的层厚度,其中每个功能层布置在两个厚度为40nm至70nm的由氮化硅制成的介电层之间。
在内玻璃板2的内室侧表面IV上布置反射热射线的涂层5。涂层5包括厚度为60nm至150nm的功能性ITO层。涂层5还包括该功能层上方和下方的其它介电层,其特别是由掺Al的SiO2和Si3N4制成。
由于红外辐射的反射,防晒涂层4导致车辆内室和内玻璃板2的减少的加热。反射热射线的涂层5一方面减少了热辐射通过复合玻璃板辐射到车辆内室中,特别是在高的外部温度下。另一方面,反射热射线的涂层5在低的外部温度下减少了热辐射从车辆内室辐射出去。
图2显示了具有不同的透射指数A值的特定复合玻璃质玻璃板的反射性涂层(低辐射层)的光反射,其根据由PVB形成的中间层3的透光率。该图联系实施例进行讨论。
下面参考附图且通过非限制性实施例更详细地解释本发明。
实施例:
含义:
IRR玻璃:具有防晒涂层4的外玻璃板1
PLC 2.1 mm玻璃质玻璃板(Saint-Gobain),其具有防晒涂层4,所述防晒涂层包括三个功能性银层
PVB:中间层3
具有不同TL的着色PVB薄膜
低辐射玻璃:具有反射热射线的涂层5的内玻璃板2
具有不同透光率的玻璃质玻璃板(Saint-Gobain),其各自具有反射热射线的涂层5,所述涂层包括功能性ITO层
a) VG10玻璃,2.1 mm
b) VG20玻璃,2.1 mm
c) VG 40玻璃,2.1 mm
d) TSA4+玻璃,2.1 mm
e) PLC玻璃,2.1 mm
产品: 整个复合玻璃板
RL面4: 反射,如上定义
A: 透射指数,如上定义。
表明了,通过表1中列出的组合可以实现小于6%,优选小于4%的有利反射。此外表明了,在0.05至0.08的高透射指数下,所用PVB薄膜的透射率的高可变性是可能的,而面4上的RL不受明显影响。透射指数越小,所用PVB薄膜的透射率的可变性越小,而面4上的RL不偏离优选范围。
从图2中也可以看出这一点。
具有深VG10 2.1mm玻璃的复合玻璃板具有0.08的透射指数A(图1中的菱形符号)。具有较浅的PLC 2.1mm玻璃的复合玻璃板的透射指数A为0.02(在图1中由三条线组成的十字形符号)。
图2显示了,随着中间层3的透光率增加,具有不同的透射指数A值的所有复合玻璃质玻璃板的反射性涂层(低辐射层)的光反射增加。对于具有较高透射指数A,例如0.08的复合玻璃质玻璃板而言,随着中间层3的透光率的增加,反射性涂层(低辐射层)的光反射的增加比具有低透射指数A,例如0.02的复合玻璃质玻璃板更慢。
对比例:
对比例与实施例a,即具有中间层的36%TL的变体的不同之处仅在于由VG10玻璃制成的内玻璃板的厚度为3.9mm而不是2.1mm。可以看出,透射指数A显然在所力求的范围之外。如果内玻璃板的着色程度、而非其厚度提高,则可以预期类似的结果。
附图标记列表:
(1) 外玻璃板
(2) 内玻璃板
(3) 热塑性中间层
(4) 防晒涂层
(5) 反射热射线的涂层/低辐射涂层
(I) (1)的外侧表面(外表面)
(II) (1)的内室侧表面(内表面)
(III) (2)的外侧表面(外表面)
(IV) (2)的内室侧表面(内表面)。
Claims (13)
1.复合玻璃板,其包括具有外侧表面(I)和内室侧表面(II)的外玻璃板(1)、具有外侧表面(III)和内室侧表面(IV)的内玻璃板(2)和热塑性中间层(3),所述热塑性中间层将外玻璃板(1)的内室侧表面(II)与内玻璃板(2)的外侧表面(III)接合,
其中所述内玻璃板(2)的厚度为1.6 mm至2.1 mm,
其中所述复合玻璃板在外玻璃板(1)和内玻璃板(2)之间具有至少一个防晒涂层(4),其基本上反射或吸收太阳辐射的可见光谱外的射线,且
其中所述复合玻璃板在内玻璃板(2)的内室侧表面(IV)上具有反射热射线的涂层(5),
其中
- 防晒涂层(4)含有层体系,所述层体系具有至少一个嵌入在介电氧化物层或氮化物层之间的金属层,
- 反射热射线的涂层(5)含有透明导电氧化物,其中所述反射热射线的涂层(5)含有氧化铟锡、掺锑或氟的氧化锡和/或掺铝的氧化锌(ZnO:Al)和/或掺镓的氧化锌(ZnO:Ga),
- 其中所述的热塑性中间层(3)由至少一个着色的热塑性聚合物薄膜形成,该至少一个着色的热塑性聚合物薄膜的透光率为2%至80%,
- 其中TL复合玻璃质玻璃板表示透过整个复合玻璃板的透光率,并且TL低辐射涂覆的玻璃板表示透过内玻璃板(2)与反射热射线的涂层(5)一起的透光率,其中
- 通过选择复合玻璃板的组成部分,即内玻璃板(2)、外玻璃板(1)和中间层(3)的色调如此调节TL值,使得
- 所述复合玻璃板的透光率TL复合玻璃质玻璃板为1 %至12%的,且
- 所述复合玻璃板的透射指数A为0.06至0.08,其中透射指数A根据下式(I)确定
A = TL复合玻璃质玻璃板/(TL低辐射涂覆的玻璃板 * TE) (I),
其中TL是透光率且TE是能量透射率,其根据ISO 9050测量,
其中,根据ISO 9050测量,在内玻璃板(2)的内室侧表面(IV)上在8°的角度下的该复合玻璃板的光反射为小于6%。
2.根据权利要求1的复合玻璃板,其中所述的防晒涂层(4)的嵌入的金属层是金属银层。
3.根据权利要求1或2的复合玻璃板,其中防晒涂层(4)直接施加到外玻璃板(1)的内室侧表面(II)上。
4.根据权利要求1或2的复合玻璃板,其中防晒涂层(4)布置在嵌入到中间层(3)中的载体薄膜上。
5.根据权利要求1或2的复合玻璃板,其中所述热塑性中间层(3)含有聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯、聚氨酯和/或其混合物和/或其共聚物。
6.根据权利要求5的复合玻璃板,其中所述至少一个聚合物薄膜的透光率为5至50%。
7.根据权利要求1或2的复合玻璃板,其中内玻璃板(2)与施加在其上的反射热射线的涂层(5)一起的透光率TL低辐射涂覆的玻璃板为25%至95%。
8.根据权利要求1或2的复合玻璃板,其透光率TL复合玻璃质玻璃板为2%至10%。
9.根据权利要求1或2的复合玻璃板,其中具有施加在其上的反射热射线的涂层(5)的内玻璃板(2)在8°的角度下的光反射为小于4.0%。
10.根据权利要求1或2的复合玻璃板,其中透射指数A在中间层(3)的透光率为大于30%时为0.07至0.08。
11.根据权利要求1或2的复合玻璃板,其中外玻璃板(1)的厚度为0.5 mm至4 mm。
12.根据权利要求1或2的复合玻璃板,其中在中间层(3)中嵌入具有可电控光学性能的功能元件。
13.根据权利要求1至12任一项的复合玻璃板用作车辆的顶玻璃板的用途。
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ES2717014T3 (es) | 2012-12-06 | 2019-06-18 | Saint Gobain | Acristalamiento con propiedades ópticas conmutables eléctricamente |
KR101728620B1 (ko) * | 2013-02-20 | 2017-04-19 | 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 | 열 복사선 반사 코팅을 갖는 판유리 |
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2018
- 2018-10-15 JP JP2020530576A patent/JP7071503B2/ja active Active
- 2018-10-15 MA MA050981A patent/MA50981A/fr unknown
- 2018-10-15 KR KR1020207019167A patent/KR102406245B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2018-10-15 US US16/769,454 patent/US11001037B2/en active Active
- 2018-10-15 EP EP18788741.9A patent/EP3720701B1/de active Active
- 2018-10-15 MX MX2020005856A patent/MX2020005856A/es unknown
- 2018-10-15 CN CN201880003329.XA patent/CN110121414B/zh active Active
- 2018-10-15 RU RU2020122015A patent/RU2754113C1/ru active
- 2018-10-15 BR BR112020010113-3A patent/BR112020010113A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2018-10-15 WO PCT/EP2018/078077 patent/WO2019110172A1/de unknown
- 2018-10-15 MA MA050982A patent/MA50982A/fr unknown
Patent Citations (2)
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EP2090428A1 (fr) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-08-19 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA | Vitrage a hautes performances thermiques pour véhicule, en particulier pour pavillon de véhicule automobile |
CN104125883A (zh) * | 2012-02-27 | 2014-10-29 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | 带有遮阳和隔热功能的复合板 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3720701B1 (de) | 2023-05-03 |
MA50981A (fr) | 2021-03-17 |
RU2754113C1 (ru) | 2021-08-26 |
EP3720701A1 (de) | 2020-10-14 |
CN110121414A (zh) | 2019-08-13 |
KR20200090258A (ko) | 2020-07-28 |
MA50982A (fr) | 2020-10-14 |
MX2020005856A (es) | 2020-09-09 |
WO2019110172A1 (de) | 2019-06-13 |
US11001037B2 (en) | 2021-05-11 |
BR112020010113A2 (pt) | 2020-10-13 |
KR102406245B1 (ko) | 2022-06-08 |
JP7071503B2 (ja) | 2022-05-19 |
US20200384739A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
JP2021505512A (ja) | 2021-02-18 |
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