CN1101207A - Dosing process and device - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for dosing and particularly for mixing substances, particularly for mixing at least one granular or powdery solid matter with a liquid. A first substance, particularly the granular or powdery solid matter is liquidized by means of a gas fed continuously or pulsatingly, and after that this homogenized gas/matter mixture is brought together in a time stable, dosed manner and mixed with a second substance, particularly a liquid. For dosing the homogenized gas/matter mixture, there is additionally supplied to it gas prior to the mixing with the second substance, with this gas being supplied to the gas/matter stream in a sheathing way and parallel to its direction of flow.

Description

The method of batching and used equipment

The present invention relates to the described proportioning materials method of claim 1 preamble, especially mix at least a graininess or powdery solid and a kind of liquid, and relate to the used equipment of the method for implementing.

For under many operating positions (for example mix) importantly, the content of material is accurate as far as possible, or the material mixture ratio that mixes mutually is accurate as far as possible.As a rule, can be by means of accomplishing this point by dosage by volume, at this moment, with volume unit's input mixing apparatus of scheduled volume.Yet, when its bulk cargo density difference of the solid that will mix is very big, be inaccurate by dosage by volume.

Also consider now to prepare burden by weight.Adopt the prerequisite of this method to be, material all is a discrete material, yet but brings difficulty when mixing, and especially tends to the material of conglomeration when adding liquid, for example flying dust.Yet can consider to use the continous way balance, yet well-known, the degree of accuracy of this class balance is very limited, particularly because instantaneous mass flow may be subjected to unpredictalbe pulsation in its outlet, for example since the change of the bulk cargo density of solid cause.Adopt balance also to require to carry out weighing carefully,, but almost can not separate again because various material generally all can add.When the bulk cargo density of solid changed, instantaneous mass stream also can be subjected to unpredictalbe pulsation in its outlet.

It is known using the fluid bed batching.In this case, solid can overflow from the fluid bed upside.Certainly, this does not also cause the constant batching of formation time, because have bubble usually in fluid bed, and solid is also done uncontrollable motion partly.

Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of distribution accurately and used for this reason equipment.A kind of hybrid system that at least a liquid is mixed at least a solid especially is provided, and they can contact in this system and strong the mixing by predetermined ratio.Therefore, according to this bright suggestion, make the feature that has claim 1 characteristic in the method for the above-mentioned type.

Have found that the inhomogeneities in the fluid bed that above-mentioned influence time is prepared burden consistently is not highly all to exist along the whole of fluid bed, exactly, the bottom is not influenced by this basically.

The feature of claim 2 has provided using and designing by the particular importance of the inventive method.When the each several part that makes each particle surface owing to the fluidisation in fluid bed all is in free state, can obtain mixing especially uniformly.If this solid is difficult to mix and conglomeration or caking easily, then have only to mix just to obtain uniform especially mixture with liquid.Therefore, be difficult to the material that mixes with other material, need very favorable precondition, provide especially when mixing with liquid as them in order evenly to mix for those.Within the scope of the invention, be all batching metering devices that provides at branch that participate in to mix, be located at the front of agitator by the present invention.

Most preferred embodiment suggestion of the present invention is injected fluidised material with liquid.Verified, can reach best with fluidised material by this operation and mix.

For economic and batching effectively, advise in the further improvement of the present invention, with before second kind of material mixes, with additional gas input uniformly in the gas/solid mixture, this gas surrounds the gas/solid logistics that will flow into agitator, and is parallel to its flow direction input.By changing this additional gas input quantity, two-phase mixture in " dilution " fluid bed more or less significantly selectively.

According to the another kind of most preferred embodiment of the present invention, can reach the most effective and thereby batching especially accurately, as long as Gu Gu make the gas flow rate to surround gas/mixed flow of additional input equal the speed of gas/mixed flow.

Apparatus suggested by the invention process the method, if fluidized bed plant, in order to first kind of fluidisation especially is graininess or pulverous solid material, establish the import of first kind of material in the device, and one or more ingates of fluidizing gas are arranged at the bottom that is preferably in fluidized bed plant, and an outlet of the gas/solid mixture of fluidisation is arranged; Establish delivery pipe in the exit, also infeed second kind of material, especially liquid in the agitator, and preferably infeed by nozzle or analog towards agitator.Under can be in the expense of the configuration aspects cheap situation of equipment of the present invention, implement each step of the inventive method economically, and created the precondition that the material that is difficult to mix is each other mixed.

By most preferred embodiment of the present invention, batching can be carried out very effectively, as long as in the outlet of fluidized bed plant or in the delivery pipe location, if a preferred design becomes the spray nozzle device of hollow body, batching metering device as mixed process, this device has a plurality of passages, is used for many porous walls, nozzle etc. through hollow body, additional gas is introduced in the gas/solid mixture of homogeneous.

Can control the course of work of mixing and preparing burden automatically for one if desired, then for this reason by most preferred embodiment suggestion of the present invention, for the material content in gas/solid mixture of measuring fluidisation, be equipped with in case of necessity measurement point in a certain distance apart from one another on fluidized bed plant and the spray nozzle device, these measurement points establish be preferably electricity or the device for pressure measurement and the liquid level sensor of electronics, but in the electronic controller of a stored routine of their output signal input, the output signal of controller is used for by-pass valve control, especially reversal valve and/or pressure limiting valve, and preferably control is used for conveying device to first kind of material of fluidized bed plant input.

Above-mentioned proportioner just is enough to correct little deviation by air feed; By the further design recommendation of the present invention, in order to correct big deviation, but fluidized bed plant can be infeeded the especially gas of preliminary election gas pressure by the valve that the controller of stored routine is controlled by one.

The further details of the present invention is below to providing in the explanation that embodiment did represented in the unique accompanying drawing.

Represent granular solids among the figure, for example flying dust or other material granular or Powdered easy caking through conveying device, as spiral conveyer 21 or air conveyor, are imported fluidized bed plant 1 from preposition environment division 20.Preposition environment division 20 can for example be a magazine, or one is separated and induction system, as introducing among the EP-A-0 168614.At the set loose device (not shown) of magazine 20 outlet areas, even feeding in raw material highly not simultaneously in magazine 20 also can guarantee to flow out solid particle as common bulk tank.Do not carry particle in order there to be wearing and tearing ground as far as possible, can as recommending among the EP-A-0168614, select for use compressed-air actuated close stream conveying device as conveyer 21.The position of solid particle outlet 21a preferably is selected in from conveyer 21 and infeeds the negligible place of solid particle pulsating force in the fluid bed 2.

By can flow through gas (or steam) and thereby the bottom 11 of establishing the fluidized bed plant 1 of ingate 11a usually the fluidized gas G from pipeline 19 is flowed from bottom to top, roll the solid particle that infeeds, to form fluid bed 2.11 can be designed to the porose end at the bottom of this fluidisation, but also can consider to be made by multiporous material.Under the situation of planning to mix, gas also can be the steam that will infeed liquid, at the most just in order to reach pre-wetting purpose.Along with the increase of gas inflow velocity, make this fluid bed looser, so the solid particle in this binary system is carrying out little or big place-exchange.Make unconsolidated formation be converted into the inflow velocity (loose point) of fluosolids from certain, in layer along pressure drop of its height near constant, this point, as described below, can be used to improve the control of batching.

The scope of fluosolids extends to limes superiors speed from limit inferior speed (loose speed) in theory, and the characteristics that it brings are, fluosolids is very loose, thus each particle be not subjected to adjacent particle influence be suspended in the liquid stream.

If now will be from this fluosolids 2 time constant and export fluidisation quantitatively solid, have only then that fluid bed could real realization as far as possible uniformly from one.Though, by in bottom 11, setting out oral pore 3,,, in addition,, can significantly improve this condition by introducing its flow velocity air-flow G that fluid bed is identical therewith can satisfy this condition better with all comparing so far.Only in this way, solid particle could be evenly distributed in the fluosolids volume that will take out very much; In the ideal case, cohesive force does not appear between the particle.

The performance of the gas/solid mixture of fluosolids 2 is basically as a kind of liquid.The homogenising that in fluosolids 2, exists gas/solid mixture 17 through the outlet opening 3 " outflow " of fluidized bed plant at 1 end 11, and enter discharge pipe 4.

If existing existing basic gas/solid mixture 17 uniformly, wherein, each particle has average equidistant each other, then has found that, has created the very favorable precondition that the material that is difficult to mix with other material especially liquid is mixed thus.Mentioning above, is constant along fluosolids 2 pressure drop highly, and therefore, pressure differential can be used to measure the amount of contained solid in the fluosolids.So, not only can quantitatively accurately determine current amount of solid, but also can keep the uniformity of gas/solid mixture, even improve uniformity, thereby also satisfy the condition of a quality aspect in other words, it provides a best solution for the problem that is proposed.

All gas flows that infeed fluidized bed plant 1 are through blast pipe 34 ' leave this device, the valve 35 that is used for adjusting fluidized bed plant 1 pressure can be contained in blast pipe 34 ' in.In case of necessity, the device of precleaning or cleaning exhaust also can be installed in fluidized bed plant 1, particularly it can be a separator using centrifugal force (cyclone separator) 36, but also can be inertia separator in case of necessity, at this moment, the vertical tube 37 of the solid of separating through extending out infeeds in the fluosolids 2 again.

For control the solids content in the fluosolids 2, be preferably in the pressure tap 12 that is close to 11 tops, fluidizer bottom ' and fluosolids 2 tops another side pressure point 12e between establish differential manometer.But in case of necessity for determining that amount of solid in the fluosolids 2 also can consider the pressure reduction between sensor 12f and 12f ' and/or 12 '.Though these methods are utilized actual conditions to be provided in the fluid bed and used, the invention is not restricted to this measuring method of solids content; Also may would rather adopt other method to determine, for example adopt the weighing room, this moment, whole fluidized bed plant 1 be contained in the weighing room.

Now for uniform gas/solid mixture is taken out from fluidized bed plant 1 as logistics, and this logistics even only be subjected to uncontrollable pulsation of minimum in the short time interval then can be established a spray nozzle device 28 that is preferably in central authorities in 11 outlet openings, 3 places at least in the bottom.Join a discharge pipe 4 for each nozzle 28, can establish in the discharge pipe 4 switch 4 '.By infeeding the density of efflux of solids in the gases affect two-phase mixture, and thereby can measure exactly.At this moment, by the speed of nozzle 28 input gases, the solid speed that is preferably substantially equal to the gas/stream that flows out from outlet opening 3, it is a kind of that the gas of importing by nozzle 28 can be different from fluid bed 2 that, the steam of the liquid of for example once mentioning that will mix.

Because as mentioned above, Gu flow out the uniformity that the batching metering quality of solid depends primarily on effluent gases/stream, so by taking corresponding measure in fluosolids 2, to eliminate possible unstable source.Therefore, for example can improve stability limit by the bottom 11 of appropriate design fluid bed.If for example selecting average pore size for use is the sintering bottom of the about 20 millimeters highly porous of 25 microns and base thickness, then liquid can meticulous distributions ground inflow fluosolids in.Vibratile fluid bed bottom 11 helps strengthening this process, and in case of necessity, vibration can be caused by impulse generator in bottom 11.Also can use agitator to obtain with the effect of wanting.Except that taking above-mentioned measure, the bottom 11 of fluidizing gas (or fluidization steam vapor) pulsation ground warp fluidized bed plant 1 is flowed in case of necessity, can improve homogenizing of fluosolids 2 equally.

Not that no problem inlet region depends on the diameter D of outlet opening 3 and the ratio of height H, and/or when fluidizing velocity is identical, depend on the bottom area of fluosolids 2.The ratio of D and H equals to prove rational minimum requirements at 1: 2 o'clock.With respect to the diameter D of outlet opening 3, when fluosolids height H high more (thereby solids content the more), the uniformity of fluosolids 2 is good more, thereby admittedly makes the gas of outflow/flow homogenising degree high more.Higher fluosolids height H also have to suppress the effect of vibration, can cause this vibration at solid particle when for example conveying device 21 infeeds fluosolids.

In addition, preferably be symmetrical in outlet opening 3 and can establish one or more fluidisation nozzles 6, except that the gas (arrow G) that flows through by the bottom 11 of fluidized bed plant 1, additionally make fluidized gas flow into fluid bed 2 from these nozzles 6 through Pneumatic pipe 10.Here, fluidisation nozzle 6 is designed to the circular passage of many pores inserts, and therefore, outlet opening 3 can be concentric with additional fluidized gas.So, just might resist the formation unstability to a certain extent, this unstability feature that the inlet region had exactly.Also prove, can hinder in discharge pipe 4 in this case and introduce bubble.Therefore, through the fluidisation nozzle 6 additional gas velocities that infeed, be preferably lower than speed through the bottom of fluidized bed plant 1 11 inflow gas.Just therefore the solid bridge that forms in outlet opening 3 zones can disconnect and dissolve.

The mass flow that flows out solid depends on the amount of solid that is present in the fluid bed 2 basically, and at a point above the fluid bed 2 and be right after in the environment division behind discharge pipe 4 pressure differential between the point, and can draw, and can influence it by the following stated by these data computing.

The preset of flowing out solid flow is carried out by the solids content of fluid bed 2 and/or by the pressure that improves or reduce fluid bed 2 tops.As has illustrated the front, determine solids content and adjusted that 34 pairs in adjuster provides the amount of infeeding of solid to make a difference by conveying device 21 to fluid bed 2 by controller or adjuster 34.

Now, preferably determine pressure in the fluid bed 2 top chambers by means of pressure-measuring-point 12e, and for example the controller by program storage or adjuster 34 handle fluidized bed plant 1 blast pipe 34 ' in valve 35, and/or the addition by the higher gas of the valve 33 controlled pressure levels in the pipeline 31, to adjust this pressure.The higher gas of above-mentioned stress level can be with fluidizing gas with a kind of gas, or another kind of gas.Also can be with the pressure reduction between the pressure tap 12g in the environment division (as mixer 18) of sensor 12e and back, the pressure that replaces sensor 12e, if the pressure in this environment division or mixer 18 is determined to change by this method, so more should recommend to adopt this pressure reduction.

If now will above the feeder 5,8 mentioned be right after outlet opening 3 as far as possible and be provided with, then can accomplish influences the mass flow of solid in the extremely short reaction time.In principle, this can be by for example realizing at the other nozzle that is provided with annularly one by one of pipeline 4, but be preferably designed as the ventilative hollow body 5 of columniform for example ceramic material, around it around a ring-type air supply channel 8.This passage equally can be by pipeline 10 ' infeed fluidized gas, this pipeline 10 ' can link to each other with the gas pipeline 10 that leads to fluidisation nozzle 6, can be provided with at this moment valve 13,13 ', also can establish reversal valve and/or pressure limiting valve in case of necessity.

Gu in order to measure the gas/stream of outflow, can be on the wall 7 of hollow body 5 place of as close as possible outlet opening 3, if pressure tap 12, by it and be located at pressure differential between near near the discharge pipe 4 of fluid bed 2 and outlet opening 3 near pressure tap 12 fluidized bed plant 1 bottom 11 ' can the determine bottom, for this reason, can establish the differential pressure pickup of a pressure drag in case of necessity, or establish the pressure sensor of two independent pressure drags.By pressure tap 12,12 ' such location, can accomplish to enter outlet opening 3 and by reducing to minimum lag time between pressure tap 12,12 ' measurement solids stream at solid.

Certainly, also available other measuring method is measured, and for example presses the Ke Shi principle, yet this can bring adverse influence to the flow and the uniformity of solids stream.

The top controller of having mentioned 34 of dress adjuster in the test data that obtains by differential pressure measurement can be imported, solid controller 34 are controlled the air feed that fluidisation and/or effluent gases/stream pass through air supply channel 8 and/or fluidisation nozzle 6 again, Gu and thereby can control gas/stream.

For influence the solids stream flow the additional fluidization gas that must infeed, the sub-fraction of fluidized gas total amount just, therefore, less than 100 milliseconds regulate extremely fast and the control times are possible.

Other pressure tap 12a to 12e is set, can measures gas porosity and the homogeneity that (12a and 12b) controls fluid bed 2 by the pressure differential in fluid bed 2 on the one hand.Can measure the pressure loss by being close to the upper and lower pressure tap 12 in fluidized bed plant 1 bottom 11 ' and 12c on the other hand, thereby can in time understand the possible obstruction in many pores bottom 11 by bottom 11.

For avoiding thinner solid to be deposited on the pressure sensor measuring diaphragm, preferably establish little, trickle, multiporous plastic filter, or use the gas blow-washing pressure pipeline, to avoid invading solia particle from fluid bed 2.

Measure the measurement data of the uniformity gained in the fluid bed 2, can be used to flow velocity and the fluidizing gas that adds by input, the homogenising degree of regulating fluid bed 2 on the one hand by adjusting fluidizing gas.Gu regulate effluent gases/flow on the other hand, additional fluidizing gas can pass through at the bottom of fluidisation nozzle 6, the fluidisation 11 and especially by air supply channel 5,8.

In order to reach desired batching metering precision and speed, a plurality of adjustings or controlling organization are provided, being used in combination or using separately of they can obtain a big adjusting range and fabulous control characteristic.

Therefore, can mix to accurate measurement with a kind of liquid, two good premise conditions are provided, can determine solids content exactly on the one hand, on the other hand, exist the prerequisite that is particularly conducive to mixing in order to make a kind of solid that is difficult to mix.Therefore, as the 3rd precondition that reaches the object of the invention, be behind fluidisation that comprises fluid bed 1 and proportioner, and then establish the mixer 18 that mixes usefulness, only done among the figure to schematically illustrate, and can be designed to various form in principle.For example, fluid bed 1 can be fills up to and reach height H (this point can be determined by means of sensor by the method that the front is introduced), and enters in batches in the mixer 18 by the mode work of sub-argument in batches.

The liquid that mixes is imported these systems at a place by pipeline 40 at least.Especially also can import this simultaneously with a kind of liquid in different places.In this case, liquid can inject the solid of fluidisation by nozzle, directly enters in fluid bed and/or the nozzle 28 for example also by mixer hollow shaft 27, and/or with the form of liquid state or steam, and its purpose is only for wetting in advance.

In fluid pipeline 40, (two kinds of schemes have been represented among the figure, can select wherein one or both overlapping uses), be provided with corresponding device thereof in order on purpose to change flow, for example servo valve 41 and/or pump, and the device (measuring instrument 42) of amount of liquid that measurement adds, it can be designed to multi-form, magnetic induction flowmeter for example, supersonic wave test instrument etc.This flowmeter also can be for example in order to adjust just temporary transient work substantially.By recording the flow of liquid and solid,, for example, carry out the adjusting of amount of liquid by influencing servo valve 41 then according to requirements of one's work.

As mentioned above, mixer can be designed to diverse form.Under the situation of flying dust, it is favourable using batch operation, because the flying dust amount difference of discharging is very big in fact for the moment.

Though be the present invention to be described using under the situation of mixer 18, and mixer can be designed to different modes, the present invention can be used in combination with other devices fully, for example is used at the balance batching metering.In addition, to shown in equipment can consider to make many modifications; For example,, can in fluidized bed plant 1 blast pipe 31, adorn valve 33, adjust valve 33 according to the pressure reduction at measuring point 12f and 12g place in order to be adjusted in point on the fluid bed 2 and the pressure reduction between the mixer 18.

Claims (10)

1. use the distribution of batching fluid bed to graininess or granular material, it is characterized by: graininess or granular material are discharged from the fluid bed bottom.

2. it is characterized by in accordance with the method for claim 1; The graininess or the powdery solid of discharging from fluid bed bottom, as homogenising gas/solid mixture, can mix by coalescence with second kind of material especially liquid at least, liquid preferably sprays in the material of fluidisation.

3. according to the described method of one of aforementioned all claims, it is characterized by: for measure homogenising gas/solid mixture, before it and second kind of mixing of materials, infeed additional gas, Gu this gas surrounds the gas/logistics that for example flows to agitator, and infeed abreast with its flow direction where necessary; Gu it is the additional gas flow rate that infeeds and surround gas/mixed flow, Gu preferably identical with the speed of gas/mixed flow.

4. implement equipment according to the described method of one of aforementioned all claims, it has a fluidized bed plant (1), this device has an import at least and has an outlet at least, and be provided with bottom the ventilative fluidisation, for example at the bottom of the porous, the two-phase mixture that this device is used for producing a kind of graininess or powdery solid and the liquid that infeeds through the fluidisation bottom constitutes is characterized by: at least one outlet (3) of fluidized bed plant (1) is located at fluidisation bottom (11) and goes up and lead to bottom section.

5. according to the described equipment of claim 4, it is characterized by: be provided with a measurement mechanism of measuring solids content in the two-phase mixture, especially this measurement mechanism be located in the fluidized bed plant (1).

6. according to claim 4 or 5 described equipment, it is characterized by: outlet (3) locates to establish discharge pipe (4), and this discharge pipe feeds agitator (18), in the agitator the most handy nozzle etc. infeed second kind of material, especially liquid.

7. according to the described equipment of one of claim 4 to 6, it is characterized by: the outlet (3) in fluidized bed plant (1) is located, or in the zone of discharge pipe (4), if spray nozzle device (28) that is preferably designed as hollow body (5), as batching metering device in particular for mixed process, spray nozzle device (28) has some passages (10), is used for multiporous wall (7), nozzle of hollow body (5) etc., and additional gas is infeeded in uniform gas/solid mixture.

8. according to the described equipment of one of claim 4 to 7, it is characterized by: for measure fluidisation gas/solid mixture in solids content, in fluidized bed plant (1) and the spray nozzle device (28), the measuring point (12a to 12f ') that is provided with in a certain distance apart from one another in case of necessity is equipped with, the measuring point place is provided with preferably electricity or electronics pressure tester or liquid level sensor, their output signal is led to for example electronic controller of program storage (34), the output signal of controller is preferably removed control valve (13,13 '), especially reversal valve and/or pressure limiting valve, and preferably going to control conveying device (21), this conveying device to a kind of material of major general infeeds in fluidized bed plant (1) and/or the agitator.

9. according to the described equipment of one of claim 4 to 8, it is characterized by: fluidized bed plant (1) can be by the valve (35) that can be handled by controller (34), but infeeds the gas pressure of pressure preliminary election.

10. according to the described equipment of one of claim 4 to 9, it is characterized by: establish liquid regulating loop (34,40,41), it preferably can or adjust loop (34) and regulate by control, control or adjust loop (34) and link to each other with each pressure sensor (12-12f) on fluidized bed plant (1).

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