CN110119529A - Calculation method is formed in surface water body source item after airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition - Google Patents
Calculation method is formed in surface water body source item after airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition Download PDFInfo
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- CN110119529A CN110119529A CN201910256462.2A CN201910256462A CN110119529A CN 110119529 A CN110119529 A CN 110119529A CN 201910256462 A CN201910256462 A CN 201910256462A CN 110119529 A CN110119529 A CN 110119529A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to radiation protection technique field, it is related to forming calculation method in surface water body source item after airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition.The calculation method includes the following steps: that (1) radioactive pollutant is simulated in the deposited concentration of underlying surface；(2) underlying surface type judgement and the formation in face source calculate；(3) line source that rainwash is formed calculates, and the transfer formed after slope runoff calculating and radionuclide sedimentation including rainfall calculates.Calculation method is formed in surface water body source item using after airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition of the invention, can be realized diffusion mobility simulation of the radioactive pollutant in water environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to radiation protection technique fields, are related to after airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition in surface water body source item
Form calculation method.
Background technique
China is nuclear energy big country, and nuclear pollution problem is the problem of inevitably encountering in nuclear industry development.Due to water and
Atmosphere is the main environment that people depend on for existence, and diffusion mobility and transportation problem of the radionuclide in atmosphere and water environment are
The main problem that nuclear environment work faces.
Airborne radioactivity pollutant, through dry deposition and wet deposition process, is formed in underlying surface and is settled in ambient air.?
In the case that precipitation occurs, influenced by combined factors such as rainwater intensity, duration and Soil Utilization types, precipitation is in earth's surface shape
At rainwash, pollutant is transferred in the water bodys such as rivers and lakes with the flow direction of rainwash, is diffused and is moved in water body
It moves.
Currently, domestic mainly consider by wind direction, wind speed Air Dispersion Modeling of the airborne contaminant in atmospheric environment
And the aerodynamics process that dry deposition and wet deposition influence, and its technological means is more mature.Although water environment diffusion mobility
Analogue technique also tends to be perfect, but pollutant through airborne transport process reach water body, formed water environment pollutant source item this
Process simulation is rare to be set foot in.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide after airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition surface water body source item formed calculation method,
Can be realized diffusion mobility simulation of the radioactive pollutant in water environment.
In order to achieve this, basis embodiment in, the present invention provide airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition after
Surface water body source item forms calculation method, and the calculation method includes the following steps:
(1) radioactive pollutant is simulated in the deposited concentration of underlying surface；
(2) underlying surface type judgement and the formation in face source calculate；
(3) after the line source that rainwash is formed calculates, including rainfall forms slope runoff calculating and radionuclide sedimentation
Transfer calculate.
The generation source item of water environment pollution is broadly divided into point source and non-point source, for radioactive pollutant moving in water body
Diffusion simulations are moved, the influence of the source item formed in earth's surface water section is only considered in the present invention.
The present invention is directed to the transmission process of airborne radioactivity pollutant in an atmosphere, proposes the calculation method of following principle:
Airborne radioactivity pollutant settles after dry and wet deposition process in underlying surface, water body underlying surface is directly settled, in water body table
Face forming face source type pollution sources, after soil or the sedimentation of vegetation underlying surface, deposit is washed away, lower infiltration waited by Rainfall Influence
Journey converges to rivers and forms line source type pollution sources after forming rainwash.The calculation method finally realizes airborne radioactivity
Diffusive migration process simulation of the pollutant in water environment.
In a preferred embodiment, in surface water body source after present invention offer airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition
Item forms calculation method and carries out simulation calculating using Lagrangian puff model wherein in step (1), a series of by discharging
Gauss cigarette group changes with time to simulate nucleic, considers the relevant diffusion parameter of stability, plume rise, inversion layer and ground
Reflection and dry and wet deposition considerations, advection conveying, diffusion and the deposition of each cigarette group, finally obtain radioactivity dirt in simulated domain
Object is contaminated in the deposited concentration of underlying surface.
In a preferred embodiment, in surface water body source after present invention offer airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition
Item forms calculation method, wherein in step (2), according to the landform altitude information and underlying surface type in simulated domain, judges mould
The corresponding underlying surface type of each grid in quasi- region, if water body, then calculating resulting deposited concentration directly is under water body type
The deposited concentration in pad face is for face source.
In a preferred embodiment, in surface water body source after present invention offer airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition
Item forms calculation method, wherein in step (3), forms slope runoff for rainfall and calculates, used overland flow fundamental equation
Are as follows:
Sf=S0
S0=tg θ
τ=L/v
H=R
Wherein:
It is downward along slope surface for taking the direction x；
T is the time；
H is slope surface mean depth；
Q is discharge per unit width；
V is grid mean flow rate and q=vh；
I be reach slope surface net rainfall it is strong；
δ is Manning coefficient；
SfFor hydraulic gradient；
SoFor the grid gradient；
L is grid side length；
τ is the grid concentration time；
R is grid depth of runoff；
θ is the grid angle of gradient.
In a preferred embodiment, in surface water body source after present invention offer airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition
Item forms calculation method, wherein in step (3), the transfer after radionuclide sedimentation is calculated, by the rainfall region of calculating
It is divided into n grid, amount of the transfer factor of each grid into overland flow is Ai=A0×Kc, wherein A0For radioactive nucleus
The amount of element wet deposition in a grid, Kc are the nucleic retention fractions of unit area and can be obtained by experiment；
By the A of n gridiIt is cumulative to obtain A, obtain the remittance total amount of each runoffImporting flow q can
Slope runoff is formed from rainfall to be calculated.
It is A that the radionuclide for finally entering water body, which imports total amount, and remittance flow is q.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are, using after airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition of the invention in surface water body source
Item forms calculation method, can be realized diffusion mobility simulation of the radioactive pollutant in water environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is to form calculating side in surface water body source item after illustrative airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition of the invention
The schematic illustration of method mesoslope face diameter flow model.
Specific embodiment
Calculation method packet is formed in surface water body source item after illustrative airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition of the invention
Include following steps.
1, radioactive pollutant is simulated in the deposited concentration of underlying surface
Simulation calculating is carried out using Lagrangian puff model, nucleic is simulated at any time by a series of release Gauss cigarettes group
Between variation, consider the relevant diffusion parameter of stability, plume rise, inversion layer and ground return and dry and wet deposition considerations,
Advection conveying, diffusion and the deposition of each cigarette group, finally show that radioactive pollutant is dense in the deposition of underlying surface in simulated domain
Degree.
2, underlying surface type judgement and the formation in face source calculate
According to the landform altitude information and underlying surface type in simulated domain, under judging that each grid is corresponding in simulated domain
Noodles type is padded, if water body, then resulting deposited concentration is calculated directly and is the deposited concentration of water body type underlying surface, be for face
Source.
3, the line source that rainwash is formed calculates
The main source item for considering to be formed by this approach of rainwash of formation of the line source type pollution sources in surface water body.
(1) rainfall forms slope runoff and calculates
The principle that rainfall forms the slope runoff model that slope runoff calculates is as shown in Figure 1.
Using the calculation method of hydrological distribution model, grid division is carried out to hillside, minimum unit is set as a rectangle
Slope surface, according to altitude data carry out the network of waterways and sub-basin extraction.Sub-basin is divided into several by the concept based on isochrone
Converge mesh belt.On each confluence mesh belt, several rectangle slope surfaces are marked off around river.In each rectangle slope surface, according to
Hillside hydrology principle establishes unit hydrology model, carries out slope surface and produces runoff concentration calculation.Concentration of river network calculation is carried out later.For putting
Penetrating property nucleic wet deposition imports river followed by rainwater, forms a linear source after the unit confluence of each Slope-Runoff, as
The source item of nucleic diffusion mobility in river.
After excess surface water, generate slope runoff, overland flow movement at present mainly using kinematic wave theory, dilatation wave it is theoretical,
Dilatation wave or complete Saint-Venant equation are described.Kinematic wave approximation theory can in most cases describe slope well
Surface current motion process, and calculate simple.
Therefore theoretical using motion in one dimension wave, overland flow fundamental equation are as follows:
Sf=S0
S0=tg θ
τ=L/v
H=R
Wherein:
It is downward along slope surface for taking the direction x；
T is the time；
H is slope surface mean depth；
Q is discharge per unit width (m3/s)；
V is grid mean flow rate and q=vh；
I be reach slope surface net rainfall it is strong；
δ is Manning coefficient；
SfFor hydraulic gradient；
SoFor the grid gradient；
L is grid side length；
τ is the grid concentration time；
R is grid depth of runoff (m)；
θ is the grid angle of gradient.
(2) transfer after radionuclide sedimentation calculates
After radionuclide is deposited to ground with rainfall, enter overland flow with rain drop erosion, by the rainfall region of calculating
It is divided into n grid, is A according to amount of the transfer factor of each grid into overland flowi=A0×Kc。
A0For the amount of radionuclide wet deposition in a grid, Bq, grate area SiIt can be asked by grid side length L × L
, Kc is the nucleic retention fraction of unit area and can be obtained by experiment.
The grid number for forming each overland flow is n, by the A of n gridiIt is cumulative to obtain A, obtain the remittance of each runoff
Total amountImport flow q (m3/ s) it can be calculated from rainfall formation slope runoff.
It is A that the radionuclide for finally entering water body, which imports total amount, and remittance flow is q.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.If in this way, belonging to the model of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technology to these modifications and changes of the present invention
Within enclosing, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.Above-described embodiment or embodiment are only to the present invention
For example, the present invention can also be implemented with other ad hoc fashions or other particular form, without departing from of the invention
Main idea or substantive characteristics.Therefore, the embodiment of description is regarded as illustrative and non-limiting in any way.This
The range of invention should be illustrated that any variation equivalent with the intention and range of claim also should include by appended claims
Within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. forming calculation method in surface water body source item after airborne radioactivity pollutant wet deposition, which is characterized in that the meter
Calculation method includes the following steps:
(1) radioactive pollutant is simulated in the deposited concentration of underlying surface；
(2) underlying surface type judgement and the formation in face source calculate；
(3) line source that rainwash is formed calculates, and forms slope runoff calculating including rainfall and turns with after radionuclide sedimentation
It moves and calculates.
2. calculation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), using Lagrangian puff model into
Row simulation calculates, and is changed with time by a series of release Gauss cigarettes group to simulate nucleic, considers the relevant diffusion of stability
Parameter, plume rise, inversion layer and ground return and dry and wet deposition considerations, the advection conveying of each cigarette group in simulated domain,
Diffusion and deposition, finally obtain radioactive pollutant in the deposited concentration of underlying surface.
3. calculation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: high according to the landform in simulated domain in step (2)
Journey information and underlying surface type judge that the corresponding underlying surface type of each grid then calculates resulting if water body in simulated domain
Deposited concentration is directly the deposited concentration of water body type underlying surface, is for face source.
4. calculation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3), form slope runoff meter for rainfall
It calculates, used overland flow fundamental equation are as follows:
Sf=S0
S0=tg θ
τ=L/v
H=R
Wherein:
It is downward along slope surface for taking the direction x；
T is the time；
H is slope surface mean depth；
Q is discharge per unit width；
V is grid mean flow rate and q=vh；
I be reach slope surface net rainfall it is strong；
δ is Manning coefficient；
SfFor hydraulic gradient；
SoFor the grid gradient；
L is grid side length；
τ is the grid concentration time；
R is grid depth of runoff；
θ is the grid angle of gradient.
5. calculation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (3), after radionuclide sedimentation
Transfer calculates, and the rainfall region of calculating is divided into n grid, amount of the transfer factor of each grid into overland flow is Ai
=A0×Kc, wherein A0For the amount of radionuclide wet deposition in a grid, Kc be the nucleic retention fraction of unit area simultaneously
It can be obtained by experiment；
By the A of n gridiIt is cumulative to obtain A, the remittance total amount A of each runoff is obtained, slope surface diameter can be formed from rainfall by importing flow q
Stream calculation obtains.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111639627A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-08 | 西安理工大学 | Runoff control effect rapid evaluation method based on automatic identification technology |
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| CN111639627A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-09-08 | 西安理工大学 | Runoff control effect rapid evaluation method based on automatic identification technology |
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