CN110118014B - Exterior wall template system free of exterior scaffold and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Exterior wall template system free of exterior scaffold and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110118014B CN110118014B CN201910382613.9A CN201910382613A CN110118014B CN 110118014 B CN110118014 B CN 110118014B CN 201910382613 A CN201910382613 A CN 201910382613A CN 110118014 B CN110118014 B CN 110118014B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 61
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/065—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning
Abstract
An outer wall template system of an outer-free scaffold comprises an outer wall outer side template, an outer wall inner side template and a K plate; the outer wall outer side template comprises an outer wall outer side large template, a back ridge, a base plate and a screw cap; the large template, the back ridge, the backing plate and the screw cap on the outer side of the outer wall are connected with each other to form an integral structure; the large template on the outer side of the outer wall is an integral large template, the back ribs are transversely fixed on the outer surface of the large template on the outer side of the outer wall at equal intervals, the base plate is fixed on each back rib at equal intervals, the base plate is provided with bolt holes, the nuts are fixed on the base plate, and the bolt holes of the nuts correspond to the bolt holes on the base plate in position; in the assembled state, the upper part and the bottom of the large outer wall template are respectively connected with a K plate, and the outer wall template and the inner wall template are fixed together through split bolts. The external wall template system without the external scaffold can realize the assembly, disassembly and reinforcement of the external wall template without using the external scaffold.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an outer wall template in the technical field of building construction, in particular to an outer wall template system without an outer scaffold and a construction method.
Background
The prior construction site adopts a template system which generally comprises an inner template and an outer template, wherein the inner template and the outer template are oppositely arranged, the inner template and the outer template are fixed together through split bolts, and in the outer template fixing process, the connection between the inner template and the outer template and the back ridge, the connection between the back ridge and the backing plate and the connection between the backing plate and the nuts are assembled and spliced at the same time in the construction process, so that the traditional template needs to be erected with an outer scaffold (the outer scaffold has the function of safety enclosure firstly and an operation platform secondly) in the construction process for high-altitude operation, namely the split bolts are required to be fixed at the outer side of the outer template and the inner side of the inner template at the same time, and the inner template and the outer template are fixed together. The steel pipe scaffold is used for building the outer scaffold in construction, and the climbing scaffold is used for building the outer scaffold. No matter which external scaffold form is adopted, the construction cost is increased greatly for engineering construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an outer wall template system without an outer scaffold, which can realize the disassembly and reinforcement of an outer wall outer side template without using the outer scaffold. The invention also provides a construction method of the exterior wall template system without the exterior scaffold.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows: a construction method of an outer wall template system without an outer scaffold is provided, which adopts the construction method of the outer wall template system without the outer scaffold; the outer wall template system of the outer-free scaffold comprises an outer wall outer side template, an outer wall inner side template and a K plate; the outer wall outer side template comprises an outer wall outer side large template, a back ridge, a base plate and a screw cap; the back edge is of a double-spliced square through pipe structure which is arranged in parallel relatively and is provided with a gap, and the two square through pipes are connected through a gap supporting block; the large template, the back ridge, the backing plate and the screw cap on the outer side of the outer wall are connected with each other to form an integral structure; the large template on the outer side of the outer wall is an integral large template, the back ribs are transversely fixed on the outer surface of the large template on the outer side of the outer wall at equal intervals, the base plate is fixed on each back rib at equal intervals, the base plate is provided with bolt holes, the nuts are fixed on the base plate, and the bolt holes of the nuts correspond to the bolt holes on the base plate in position; in the assembled state, the upper part and the bottom of the large outer wall template are respectively connected with a K plate, and the outer wall template and the inner wall template are fixed together through split bolts; the large template outside the outer wall is mainly an integral large template formed by fixing a plurality of standard plates; the outer wall inner side template is formed by assembling a plurality of standard plates and a plurality of half standard plates, the half standard plates are arranged at the positions where the outer wall inner side template is provided with diagonal braces, and the height of each half standard plate is half of that of each standard plate;
the construction process flow of the construction method is as follows: a: deepening the drawing, namely B: assembling the large template on the outer side of the outer wall, and C: the lifting appliance is connected with a lifting ring of the large template at the outer side of the outer wall, and D: hoisting the large formwork on the outer side of the outer wall, and E: the bottom of the large template at the outer side of the outer wall is fixed with a K plate through bolts, and F: temporary diagonal bracing G is arranged on the inner side of the large template on the outer side of the outer wall: outer wall reinforcement installation- & gt H: the standard plates of the inner side templates of the outer wall are installed one by one, and simultaneously, the construction of the split bolts is carried out, namely: the semi-standard plates of the outer wall inner side templates are installed one by one, and simultaneously the diagonal braces are moved from the outer wall outer side templates to the outer wall inner side templates one by one- & gtJ: casting and tamping the concrete on the outer wall; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a: deepening the drawing: the main contents of the deepening are:
a1, deepening an integral large template unit of an outer wall outer template;
a2: deepen the plane dimension and the section dimension of the K plate and the standard plate and the connection mode;
a3: deepening the longitudinal and transverse spacing of the split bolts reinforced by the outer wall template;
b: assembling the outer side template of the outer wall: assembling the outer side templates of the outer wall according to the design condition;
b1: the standard plates are connected into an integral large outer wall outer side template through bolts;
b2, the back edge is integrally connected with the standard plate through welding or bolting;
b3, connecting the backing plate with the back edge into a whole through welding;
b4: the nut and the backing plate are connected into a whole through welding;
b5: the die disassembly hole and the hanging ring are connected with the standard plate through welding to form a whole;
c: the lifting appliance is connected with a lifting ring of the outer side template of the outer wall: the tower crane lifting hook is clamped and fixed with a lifting ring on the large formwork outside the outer wall, and is ready for lifting and installation;
d: hoisting the large formwork on the outer side of the outer wall; hoisting the large template on the outer side of the outer wall in place by using a hoisting machine;
e: the bottom of the large template at the outer side of the outer wall is fixed with the K plate through bolts: after the large template at the outer side of the outer wall is hoisted in place, the large template is firstly placed on a K plate at the bottom, and the large plate is fixed on the K plate by bolts;
f: the outer side large template of the outer wall is provided with a temporary diagonal bracing at the inner side: in order to ensure the stability of the large outer wall template, after the K plates are connected through bolts, temporarily fixing the large outer wall template through double inclined struts of an aluminum film, wherein the inclined struts are fixed through opposite-pull bolt holes reserved on the large outer wall template, and after the fixing is finished, removing lifting hooks;
g: installing outer wall reinforcing steel bars: binding outer wall steel bars according to the design drawing;
h: the standard plates of the inner side templates of the outer wall are installed one by one, and simultaneously, construction of split bolts is carried out: when the inner side template of the outer wall is installed, firstly, installing a standard plate, simultaneously, constructing a split bolt, penetrating the split bolt into a nut fixed by welding of a large template at the outer side of the outer wall at the inner side, and then screwing to finish reinforcement;
i: the semi-standard plates of the outer wall inner side templates are installed one by one, and the diagonal braces move from the outer wall outer side templates to the outer wall inner side templates one by one;
i1, when a semi-standard plate of an outer wall inner side template is installed, dismantling an inclined strut at the lower part of the outer wall outer side template;
i2, then installing a semi-standard plate at the lower position; after the semi-standard plate at the lower part is installed, the split bolts are timely installed;
the dismantled lower inclined stay bars are fixed at the corresponding positions of the lower half standard plates of the installed outer wall inner side templates;
i4, dismantling an upper inclined stay bar of the outer wall outer side template;
i5, installing the upper half standard plate of the inner side template of the outer wall at the position; simultaneously, the upper half standard plate split bolts are installed;
i6, mounting the dismantled upper inclined stay bars at the corresponding positions of the upper half standard plates of the inner side templates of the outer wall after the mounting is completed, namely, the mounting of the outer wall templates is completed;
j: and (3) casting and tamping the outer wall concrete: and (5) finishing the reinforcement of the outer wall template, and then performing casting construction of outer wall concrete.
The further technical scheme is as follows: and in the construction process, the joint connection of the large template units outside the outer wall and the large template units outside the outer wall at the corner of the building is completed through a hanging cage.
The further technical scheme is as follows: in the construction process, the construction operation surface is used as the safety enclosure of the operation surface layer edge by setting a safety standard temporary enclosure or a life line enclosure.
The further technical scheme is as follows: when the large outer wall plate is dismounted, the K plate at the bottom of the large outer wall plate is dismounted through the hanging cage, and the large outer wall plate is dismounted through the hanging tool.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the external wall template system without the external scaffold and the construction method thereof have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
1. the construction method can realize that an outer scaffold is not required to be erected in the main body construction process, and saves a great deal of cost.
(1) The outer wall outside template is an integral unit which is fixed by welding (or bolting), and is integrally assembled and disassembled.
(2) The large template outside the outer wall of the invention adopts a standard plate 11 to form an integral large template unit through bolt connection; during construction, the bolts are no longer removed.
(3) The back edges 3 on the large formwork outside the outer wall and the large integral formwork formed by the standard plates 11 are connected into a whole through welding (or bolting), and are not dismounted in the construction process of the main body structure of the outer wall.
(4) The backing plate 4 on the large template at the outer side of the outer wall is formed into a whole with the back edge 3 through welding, and is not dismounted in the construction process of the main body structure of the outer wall.
(5) The center of the backing plate 4 is provided with a bolt hole 41, so that a split bolt can conveniently pass through during reinforcement.
(6) The nut 5 on the large template on the outer side of the outer wall is fixed on the backing plate 4 through welding, and is not dismounted in the construction process of the main body structure of the outer wall; the split bolt can be used for realizing reinforcement by screwing the screw rod in the outer wall during reinforcement, and reinforcing personnel are not needed to reach the outer side of the outer wall.
According to the outer wall outer side template, the connecting structure among all the components on the existing outer template is changed, the detachable splicing structure of all the components is changed into the structure that all the components are fixedly connected into a whole, and the outer wall outer side template forms an integral structure through welding (or bolting), so that an outer scaffold is not required to be erected in the main body construction process, and a large amount of cost is saved.
2. The exterior wall template system can be repeatedly used for a plurality of times: after the construction of the main body structure is completed, the connecting part can be removed, and the recovery rate is high.
3. The outer wall outer side template is integrally hoisted, and has high turnover efficiency. The hoisting efficiency is high.
4. The external wall template system has wide application range, and can be used for any cast-in-situ building system or a system mixed with an assembled PC structure.
5. The construction process of the external wall template system without the external scaffold is simplified, green, environment-friendly and energy-saving.
The technical features of the exterior wall template system without the exterior scaffold and the construction method thereof are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an outer wall form construction according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the positional relationship of an exterior wall form and a shear wall;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the inner side form of the outer wall according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mounting locations of the back ridge, the backing plate and the nut of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a pad structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the mounting position relationship of the backing plate, the nuts and the bolt holes;
FIG. 8 is a plan view of a back rib with a web;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of B-B of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is an elevation view of a back rib with a web;
FIGS. 11-1 to 11-5 are deep views of a conventional standard plate and a standard plate:
FIG. 11-1 is a front view of a prior art standard plate;
FIG. 11-2 is a cross-sectional view of C-C of FIG. 11-1; FIG. 11-3 is a short side view of a prior art standard plate;
FIG. 11-4 is a cross-sectional view of D-D of FIG. 11-1; FIGS. 11-5 are long side views of a prior art standard plate;
fig. 12-1 to 12-5 are K plates and deepened views thereof:
FIG. 12-1 is a front view of a K plate;
FIG. 12-2 is a cross-sectional view of E-E of FIG. 12-1; FIG. 12-3 is a short side view of the K plate;
FIG. 12-4 is a cross-sectional view of D-D of FIG. 12-1; FIGS. 12-5 are long side views of the K plate;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of exterior wall exterior form installation;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of exterior wall rebar installation;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the lower diagonal brace of the large form outside the exterior wall;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a lower half standard plate of an exterior wall inner form installed at a position of installing diagonal braces on the inner side of the exterior wall outer large form;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a lower half standard plate mounting split bolt;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a lower half standard of a lower diagonal brace fixed exterior wall inner form;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the removal of the upper diagonal braces of the outside large form of the exterior wall;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of an upper half standard plate of an exterior wall inner side form installed at a position of installing diagonal braces on the inner side of the exterior wall outer side large form;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of an upper half standard plate mounting split bolt;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of an upper half standard of an upper diagonal brace fixed exterior wall inner form.
In the figure:
1-an outer wall outer side template and 11-a standard plate; 2-inner side templates, 21-semi-standard plates; 3-back edges, 31-square through pipes, 32-gap supporting blocks, 33-connecting plates and 34-screw holes; 4-backing plate, 41-bolt holes; 5-screw cap; 6, disassembling the die hole; 7-hanging rings; 8-K plates; 9-a split bolt; 10-diagonal bracing, 101-upper diagonal bracing, 102-lower diagonal bracing; 12-PVC pipe.
WQ-shear wall; QG-shear wall rebar.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
an outer wall template system without an outer scaffold, as shown in figures 1-3, comprises an outer wall outer side template 1, an outer wall inner side template 2 and a K plate 8; the outer wall outer side template 1 comprises an outer wall outer side large template, a back ridge 3, a backing plate 4 and a screw cap 5; the back ridge 3 is of a double-spliced square through pipe structure which is arranged in parallel relatively and is provided with a gap, and the two square through pipes are connected through a gap supporting block 32; the large template, the back ridge 3, the base plate 4 and the screw cap 5 on the outer side of the outer wall are connected with each other to form an integral structure; the large outer wall template is an integral large template, the back ribs 3 are transversely fixed on the outer surface of the large outer wall template at equal intervals, the backing plates 4 are fixed on each back rib 3 at equal intervals, the backing plates 4 are provided with bolt holes 41, the nuts 5 are fixed on the backing plates 4, and the positions of the bolt holes 41 on the backing plates 4 correspond to the positions of the screw holes of the nuts 5; in the assembled state, the outer wall outer side template 1 and the outer wall inner side template 2 are oppositely arranged; the upper part and the bottom of the outer wall outer side template 1 are respectively connected with a K plate 8; the large outer wall template and the inner wall template 2 are fixed together through split bolts 9.
The upper part of the large template outside the outer wall is provided with a stripping hole 6 and a hanging ring 7.
In this embodiment:
the large template outside the outer wall is mainly an integral large template formed by connecting a plurality of existing standard plates 11 through bolts, the existing standard plates are of a frame structure, and connecting holes are formed in the periphery of the frame, and the frame is shown in figures 11-1 to 11-5. Or the standard plates 11 may be connected in other forms as an integral large plate unit. The outer wall inner side template 2 is formed by assembling a plurality of existing standard boards and a plurality of half standard boards, and the half standard boards are half (height) of the standard boards. The semi-standard plate is used at the position where the outer side template of the outer wall is temporarily braced and fixed.
The back edge 3 is connected with a standard plate of the large outer wall template through welding and forms a whole with the large outer wall template. The distance between the back edges 3 is determined according to the calculation of the stress of the template; the back edge 3 can be connected with a large template formed by the standard plate 11 through bolts to form a whole, as shown in fig. 8-10, connecting plates 33 are arranged on the double-spliced square through pipes of the original back edge at equal intervals, the connecting plates 33 are vertically welded and fixed with the square through pipes 31, screw holes 34 are formed in the connecting plates, and the back edge 3 and the large template outside the outer wall form a whole through fastening the screw holes 34 and the bolts of the connecting holes on the standard plate.
The backing plate 4 is fixed on the back edge 3 through welding, and the transverse distance of the backing plate is determined according to the stress calculation of the template; the bolt hole 41 is located at the center of the backing plate 4 in order to facilitate the connection of the split bolt 9 with the nut 5 fixed to the backing plate 4 through the bolt hole.
The nut 5 is fixed on the backing plate 4 by welding to form a whole.
The K plate is a commonly used K plate, is used as a support for an outer side template of the outer wall, and is fixedly connected with the standard plate 11 through bolts; to facilitate the removal of the integral large form, a bevel is provided on the underside of the K plate (see FIGS. 12-1-12-5).
The demolding holes 6 are fixed on the upper part of the outer wall outer side standard plate 11 through welding, the spacing is set according to the requirement, and four demolding holes are generally arranged at equal intervals; the function of the demolding hole 6 is that the crow bar can conveniently pry a large template consisting of a plurality of standard plates 11 away from the concrete structure through the demolding hole.
The hanging rings 7 are fixed on the upper part of the outer wall outer side standard plate 11 through welding, and 2 hanging rings are generally arranged on the top; the hanging ring 7 has the function that when the large template on the outer side of the outer wall is removed, a tower crane rope is used for hanging the large plate through the hanging ring, and after the large template is removed, the large plate is hung on the upper layer through the tower crane.
Example 2:
the construction method of the exterior wall template system without the exterior scaffold is the construction method of the exterior wall template system without the exterior scaffold described in the embodiment 1, and the construction process flow is as follows: a: deepening the drawing, namely B: assembling the large template on the outer side of the outer wall, and C: the lifting appliance is connected with a lifting ring of the large template at the outer side of the outer wall, and D: hoisting the large formwork on the outer side of the outer wall, and E: the bottom of the large template at the outer side of the outer wall is fixed with a K plate through bolts, and F: temporary diagonal bracing G is arranged on the inner side of the large template on the outer side of the outer wall: outer wall reinforcement installation- & gt H: the standard plates of the inner side templates of the outer wall are installed one by one, and simultaneously, the construction of the split bolts is carried out, namely: the semi-standard plates of the outer wall inner side templates are installed one by one, and simultaneously the diagonal braces are moved from the outer wall outer side templates to the outer wall inner side templates one by one- & gtJ: casting and tamping the concrete on the outer wall; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a: deepening the drawing: the main contents of the deepening are:
a1, deepening an integral large template unit of an outer wall outer template;
a2: deepen the plane dimension and the section dimension of the K plate and the standard plate and the connection mode;
a3: deepening the longitudinal and transverse spacing of the split bolts reinforced by the outer wall template; and determining preset opposite threaded holes on the large outer wall template 1 and the inner wall template 2.
B: assembling the outer side template of the outer wall: assembling the outer side templates of the outer wall according to the design condition;
b1: the standard plates 11 are connected into a whole outer wall outer large template through bolts;
b2, the back edge 3 is integrally connected with the standard plate 11 through welding or bolt connection;
b3, the backing plate 4 is connected with the back edge 3 into a whole through welding;
b4: the nut 5 and the backing plate 4 are connected into a whole through welding;
b5: the die disassembly hole 6 and the hanging ring 7 are integrally connected with the standard plate 11 through welding.
C: the lifting appliance is connected with a lifting ring 7 of the outer side template of the outer wall: the tower crane lifting hook is fixedly clamped with a lifting ring on the large formwork outside the outer wall, and is ready for lifting and installation.
D: hoisting the large formwork on the outer side of the outer wall; and hoisting the large template on the outer side of the outer wall in place by using a crane.
E: the bottom of the large template at the outer side of the outer wall is fixed with the K plate through bolts: after the large template at the outer side of the outer wall is hoisted in place, the large template is firstly placed on the K plate at the bottom, and the large plate is fixed on the K plate by bolts.
F: the outer side large template of the outer wall is provided with a temporary diagonal bracing 10 on the inner side: as shown in FIG. 13, in order to ensure the stability of the large outer wall formwork, after the K plates are connected through bolts, the large outer wall formwork is temporarily fixed by double diagonal braces of an aluminum film, the diagonal braces are fixed through opposite-pull bolt holes reserved on the large outer wall formwork, and after the fixing is completed, the lifting hooks are removed.
G: installing outer wall reinforcing steel bars: as shown in fig. 14, binding the exterior wall steel bars according to the design drawing, and completing post-report concealed acceptance.
H: the standard plates of the inner side templates 2 of the outer wall are installed one by one, and simultaneously, the construction of the split bolts is carried out: after the exterior wall reinforcement engineering is concealed and accepted to be qualified, the exterior wall inner side template is installed, when the exterior wall inner side template is installed, the standard plate is installed firstly, simultaneously, the split bolt construction is carried out, the split bolt penetrates into the nut 5 of the exterior wall outer side large template welded fixation on the inner side, and then the reinforcement is completed by screwing.
I: the semi-standard plates of the outer wall inner side templates 2 are installed one by one, and the diagonal braces are moved from the outer wall outer side templates to the outer wall inner side templates one by one;
i1, when the semi-standard plate of the outer wall inner side template 2 is installed, the lower inclined stay bar 102 of the outer wall outer side template is removed first (see FIG. 15);
i2, then mounting a semi-standard plate in the lower position (see fig. 16); after the semi-standard plate at the lower part is installed, the split bolts are timely installed (see FIG. 17);
i3, the dismantled lower inclined stay bars are fixed at the corresponding positions of the lower semi-standard plates of the installed outer wall inner side templates (see figure 18);
i4, dismantling the upper inclined stay bar 101 (see FIG. 19) of the outer wall outer side template;
i5, installing an upper half standard plate (see FIG. 20) of the inner side template of the outer wall at the position; simultaneously, the upper half standard plate is installed on the pull bolt (see fig. 21);
and I6, mounting the detached upper inclined stay bars at the corresponding positions of the upper half standard plates of the inner side templates of the outer wall after the mounting is completed, namely, the mounting of the outer wall templates is completed (see figure 22).
J: and (3) casting and tamping the outer wall concrete: and (3) after the outer wall template is reinforced, casting and tamping construction of the outer wall concrete can be performed after the outer wall template is qualified in the test.
In the construction process, the joint connection of the large template units outside the outer wall and the large template units outside the outer wall at the corner of the building is completed through the hanging cage. The working surface is used as the safety enclosure of the working surface layer by setting a safety standard temporary enclosure or a life line enclosure, and the safety enclosure can be set in other forms.
When the large outer wall plate is dismounted, the K plate at the bottom of the large outer wall plate is dismounted through the hanging cage, and the large outer wall plate is dismounted through the hanging tool. And a tower crane rope is used for hanging the large template through a hanging ring, and the large template is hung on the upper layer through a tower crane after being detached.
The design principle of the invention is as follows:
the outer side template of the outer wall comprises the following components: the standard plate 11, the back-tie 3, the base plate 4 and the screw cap 5 are welded and fixed to form an integral large template, so that the integral assembly and disassembly of the outer side template of the outer wall are facilitated; the top of the integral large formwork is provided with a die disassembly hole and a lifting ring, the die disassembly hole is convenient for using a crow bar to integrally pry the large slab and separate the concrete structure, and the lifting ring is convenient for other lifting machines such as a tower crane to integrally lift the large slab through the lifting ring; the K plate is positioned at the top and the bottom of the integral large template, so that the support and the fixation of the integral large template lifting bottom are facilitated.
The construction principle is as follows: the lifting appliance is connected with the integral large formwork through lifting rings, the integral large formwork is pried and separated from the concrete structure through a form removing hole, the large formwork is integrally lifted to the previous layer, the bottom of the large formwork is fixed with the K plate through bolts, the large formwork is provided with temporary supports on the inner side, the outer wall reinforcing steel bars are installed, the inner side formworks of the outer wall are installed one by one, and meanwhile the construction of the pull bolts and the casting and tamping construction of the outer wall concrete are carried out.
The process features of the invention are as follows:
the exterior wall template system of the exterior scaffold-free exterior wall template system has the advantages that the component materials are simple and easy to obtain, and the exterior wall outside template 1 and the exterior wall inside template 2 can be manufactured by cutting, welding and punching the raw materials. The process has the following characteristics:
characteristic one: the outer side template of the outer wall is an integral unit formed by welding and fixing, and is integrally installed and detached.
And the second characteristic is: the standard plates 2 of the outer wall outer side template 1 are connected through bolts to form an integral large template unit; during construction, the bolts are no longer removed.
And (3) the following characteristics: the integral large template formed by the back edges 3 of the outer wall outer side template 1 and the standard plate 11 is connected into a whole through welding, and the whole is not dismounted in the construction process of the outer wall main body structure.
And four characteristics: the backing plate 4 of the outer wall outside template 1 and the back ridge 3 form a whole through welding, and the backing plate is not dismounted in the construction process of the outer wall main body structure;
and fifth feature: the center of the backing plate 4 of the outer wall outside template 1 is provided with a bolt hole 41, so that a split bolt can pass through during reinforcement conveniently.
And six, characteristics: the screw cap 5 of the outer wall outside template 1 is fixed on the backing plate 4 by welding, and is not dismounted in the construction process of the outer wall main body structure; the split bolt can be used for realizing reinforcement by screwing the screw rod in the outer wall during reinforcement, and reinforcing personnel are not needed to reach the outer side of the outer wall.
Characteristic seven: the large template at the outer side of the outer wall is integrally hoisted and then is fixed by adopting an internal diagonal bracing, so that the large template is prevented from tilting; the internal diagonal bracing adopts an aluminum film to strengthen and fix the diagonal bracing, and a diagonal bracing system is not required to be additionally arranged.
Feature eight: the adopted aluminum film reinforcement diagonal bracing system is a dual-purpose support, and is used for temporary support when the outer wall outer side template is erected, and diagonal bracing points of the outer side template are moved to the inner side template one by one in the process of erecting the outer wall inner side template, so that the diagonal reinforcement of the whole formwork supporting system is completed.
Feature nine: the outer wall inner side template is provided with a semi-standard plate 21 at the inclined strut supporting position, so that the outer wall temporary inclined struts can be conveniently moved to the inner side templates one by one, and the stability of an outer wall template system is not affected.
Characteristic ten: the K plate at the bottom of the large plate at the outer side of the outer wall of the device is removed through a hanging cage; the connection between the large template units and the joints of the template units at the corners of the building is completed through hanging cages;
characteristic eleven: the working face of the construction of the external wall template system of the external scaffold is used as the safety enclosure of the working face layer edge by setting a safety standardized temporary enclosure or a life line enclosure.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the content of the present invention or technical fields directly or indirectly attached to other related products are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A construction method of an outer wall template system of an outer scaffold is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction method of the external wall template system without the external scaffold is adopted; the outer wall template system of the outer-free scaffold comprises an outer wall outer side template, an outer wall inner side template and a K plate; the outer wall outer side template comprises an outer wall outer side large template, a back ridge, a base plate and a screw cap; the back edge is of a double-spliced square through pipe structure which is arranged in parallel relatively and is provided with a gap, and the two square through pipes are connected through a gap supporting block; the large template, the back ridge, the backing plate and the screw cap on the outer side of the outer wall are connected with each other to form an integral structure; the large template on the outer side of the outer wall is an integral large template, the back ribs are transversely fixed on the outer surface of the large template on the outer side of the outer wall at equal intervals, the base plate is fixed on each back rib at equal intervals, the base plate is provided with bolt holes, the nuts are fixed on the base plate, and the bolt holes of the nuts correspond to the bolt holes on the base plate in position; in the assembled state, the upper part and the bottom of the large outer wall template are respectively connected with a K plate, and the outer wall template and the inner wall template are fixed together through split bolts; the large template outside the outer wall is mainly an integral large template formed by fixing a plurality of standard plates; the outer wall inner side template is formed by assembling a plurality of standard plates and a plurality of half standard plates, the half standard plates are arranged at the positions where the outer wall inner side template is provided with diagonal braces, and the height of each half standard plate is half of that of each standard plate;
the construction process flow of the construction method is as follows: a: deepening the drawing, namely B: assembling the large template on the outer side of the outer wall, and C: the lifting appliance is connected with a lifting ring of the large template at the outer side of the outer wall, and D: hoisting the large formwork on the outer side of the outer wall, and E: the bottom of the large template at the outer side of the outer wall is fixed with a K plate through bolts, and F: temporary diagonal bracing G is arranged on the inner side of the large template on the outer side of the outer wall: outer wall reinforcement installation- & gt H: the standard plates of the inner side templates of the outer wall are installed one by one, and simultaneously, the construction of the split bolts is carried out, namely: the semi-standard plates of the outer wall inner side templates are installed one by one, and simultaneously the diagonal braces are moved from the outer wall outer side templates to the outer wall inner side templates one by one- & gtJ: casting and tamping the concrete on the outer wall; the method comprises the following specific steps:
a: deepening the drawing: the main contents of the deepening are:
a1, deepening an integral large template unit of an outer wall outer template;
a2: deepen the plane dimension and the section dimension of the K plate and the standard plate and the connection mode;
a3: deepening the longitudinal and transverse spacing of the split bolts reinforced by the outer wall template;
b: assembling the outer side template of the outer wall: assembling the outer side templates of the outer wall according to the design condition;
b1: the standard plates are connected into an integral large outer wall outer side template through bolts;
b2, the back edge is integrally connected with the standard plate through welding or bolting;
b3, connecting the backing plate with the back edge into a whole through welding;
b4: the nut and the backing plate are connected into a whole through welding;
b5: the die disassembly hole and the hanging ring are connected with the standard plate through welding to form a whole;
c: the lifting appliance is connected with a lifting ring of the outer side template of the outer wall: the tower crane lifting hook is clamped and fixed with a lifting ring on the large formwork outside the outer wall, and is ready for lifting and installation;
d: hoisting the large formwork on the outer side of the outer wall; hoisting the large template on the outer side of the outer wall in place by using a hoisting machine;
e: the bottom of the large template at the outer side of the outer wall is fixed with the K plate through bolts: after the large template at the outer side of the outer wall is hoisted in place, the large template is firstly placed on a K plate at the bottom, and the large plate is fixed on the K plate by bolts;
f: the outer side large template of the outer wall is provided with a temporary diagonal bracing at the inner side: in order to ensure the stability of the large outer wall template, after the K plates are connected through bolts, temporarily fixing the large outer wall template through double inclined struts of an aluminum film, wherein the inclined struts are fixed through opposite-pull bolt holes reserved on the large outer wall template, and after the fixing is finished, removing lifting hooks;
g: installing outer wall reinforcing steel bars: binding outer wall steel bars according to the design drawing;
h: the standard plates of the inner side templates of the outer wall are installed one by one, and simultaneously, construction of split bolts is carried out: when the inner side template of the outer wall is installed, firstly, installing a standard plate, simultaneously, constructing a split bolt, penetrating the split bolt into a nut fixed by welding of a large template at the outer side of the outer wall at the inner side, and then screwing to finish reinforcement;
i: the semi-standard plates of the outer wall inner side templates are installed one by one, and the diagonal braces move from the outer wall outer side templates to the outer wall inner side templates one by one;
i1, when a semi-standard plate of an outer wall inner side template is installed, dismantling an inclined strut at the lower part of the outer wall outer side template;
i2, then installing a semi-standard plate at the lower position; after the semi-standard plate at the lower part is installed, the split bolts are timely installed;
the dismantled lower inclined stay bars are fixed at the corresponding positions of the lower half standard plates of the installed outer wall inner side templates;
i4, dismantling an upper inclined stay bar of the outer wall outer side template;
i5, installing the upper half standard plate of the inner side template of the outer wall at the position; simultaneously, the upper half standard plate split bolts are installed;
i6, mounting the dismantled upper inclined stay bars at the corresponding positions of the upper half standard plates of the inner side templates of the outer wall after the mounting is completed, namely, the mounting of the outer wall templates is completed;
j: and (3) casting and tamping the outer wall concrete: and (5) finishing the reinforcement of the outer wall template, and then performing casting construction of outer wall concrete.
2. The construction method of the exterior wall formwork system of the exterior scaffold, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and in the construction process, the joint connection of the large template units outside the outer wall and the large template units outside the outer wall at the corner of the building is completed through a hanging cage.
3. The construction method of the exterior wall formwork system of the exterior scaffold, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the construction process, the construction operation surface is used as the safety enclosure of the operation surface layer edge by setting a safety standard temporary enclosure or a life line enclosure.
4. The construction method of the exterior wall formwork system of the exterior scaffold, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when the large outer wall plate is dismounted, the K plate at the bottom of the large outer wall plate is dismounted through the hanging cage, and the large outer wall plate is dismounted through the hanging tool.
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