CN110117346A - 电活性共价有机框架材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

电活性共价有机框架材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110117346A
CN110117346A CN201910373577.XA CN201910373577A CN110117346A CN 110117346 A CN110117346 A CN 110117346A CN 201910373577 A CN201910373577 A CN 201910373577A CN 110117346 A CN110117346 A CN 110117346A
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宋永海
汪莉
王林玉
谢艺
杨钰茜
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种制备电活性共价有机框架材料(COFThi‑TFPB材料)的新方法。该方法通过将硫堇(Thi)、1,3,5‑三(对甲酰基苯基)苯(TFPB)共同溶解于1,4‑二氧六环、均三甲苯和N,N‑二甲基乙酰胺(体积比为1:1:1)的混合溶液中,超声混合后再加入乙酸,最后将混合液转移到反应釜中并在90~150℃条件下进行氨醛缩合反应,获得黑色的粉末,即电活性共价有机框架材料(命名为COFThi‑TFPB材料)。该COFThi‑TFPB材料制备过程简单、原材料廉价易得。通过电化学研究表明硫堇的电活性中心在反应过程中得以保留,所以得到的COFThi‑TFPB材料具有电活性,具体表现在该COFThi‑TFPB材料在PBS缓冲溶液中有一对氧化还原峰。

Description

电活性共价有机框架材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备电活性共价有机框架材料(COFThi-TFPB材料)的方法,属于材料化学领域。
背景技术
共价有机框架材料(COF)是继无机类沸石多孔材料和金属有机骨架材料(MOF)后发展起来的一类新材料,是一种结构较为稳定的新型晶型多孔高分子材料,具有明确的孔径分布,较大的比表面积和许多特殊的官能团,易于装载功能小分子或蛋白质分子等。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种电活性共价有机框架材料的制备方法。
本发明提供的一种电活性共价有机框架材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将硫堇(Thi)和1,3,5-三(对甲酰基苯基)苯(TFPB)溶解于1,4-二氧六环、均三甲苯和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺的混合溶剂中,超声混合,得到混合溶液;
(2)向该混合溶液中加入乙酸溶液,再转移到反应釜中,在90~150℃条件下进行氨醛缩合反应;
(3)用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)作为洗涤剂对所得沉淀物进行洗涤,之后进行离心,然后将得到的沉淀用四氢呋喃(THF)溶液浸泡一段时间,用低沸点的四氢呋喃交换出高沸点的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,并且更充分地除去沉淀物所吸附的有机单体分子和杂质,最后经真空冷冻干燥、研磨得到黑色固体,即电活性共价有机框架材料(COFThi-TFPB材料)。
优选的,步骤(1)中,硫堇在混合溶液中的浓度为13.5~20mg/mL,1,3,5-三(对甲酰基苯基)苯在混合溶液中的浓度为12.2~18mg/mL。
优选的,步骤(1)中,1,4-二氧六环、均三甲苯和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺的体积比为1:1:1。
优选的,步骤(2)中,乙酸溶液的浓度为6M。
优选的,步骤(2)中,进行氨醛缩合反应的时间为3天。
优选的,步骤(3)中,用四氢呋喃浸泡的时间为1天。
通过上述方法,成功制备了COFThi-TFPB材料。该COFThi-TFPB材料是由硫堇和1,3,5-三(对甲酰基苯基)苯在高温下经过氨醛缩合反应而获得的,同时保留了硫堇的电活性中心,使得COFThi-TFPB材料具有电活性性能,具体表现在COFThi-TFPB材料有一对氧化还原峰。利用该COFThi-TFPB材料的氧化还原峰作为参比信号,可以构建电化学比率传感器。
本发明的技术效果是:通过利用一个电活性单体(硫堇)与另一个单体通过发生氨醛缩合反应首次合成了COFThi-TFPB材料;该COFThi-TFPB材料在高温下也比较稳定,从而克服了无机多孔材料组成单一、孔道分布不均以及晶型不好等缺陷,同时也克服了MOF材料的多孔结构在水溶液中容易塌陷等缺点。
附图说明
图1为COFThi-TFPB材料的透射电子显微镜图像。
图2为COFThi-TFPB材料的X-射线衍射图谱。
图3为COFThi-TFPB材料修饰电极的循环伏安图。
图4为COFThi-TFPB-CNT复合材料修饰电极检测抗坏血酸(AA)的微分脉冲伏安图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)将43.2mg硫堇和32mg 1,3,5-三(对甲酰基苯基)苯溶解于3mL 1,4-二氧六环、均三甲苯和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(体积比为1:1:1)的混合溶剂中,并超声混合15min;
(2)向该混合溶液中加入0.2mL 6M的乙酸溶液,将混合液转移到反应釜中,置于90℃烘箱中,反应3天;
(3)用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺作为洗涤剂依次对所得沉淀物进行洗涤,直至上层清液为无色,之后进行离心,然后将沉淀物置于四氢呋喃溶液中浸泡交换24h,用低沸点的四氢呋喃交换出高沸点的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,并且更充分地除去沉淀物所吸附的有机单体分子和杂质;最后将沉淀物置于真空冷冻干燥机中干燥24h后,经过研磨得到黑色固体COFThi-TFPB材料。
实施例2
(1)将52.8mg硫堇和48mg 1,3,5-三(对甲酰基苯基)苯溶解于3mL 1,4-二氧六环、均三甲苯和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(体积比为1:1:1)的混合溶剂中,并超声混合15min;
(2)向混合溶液中加入0.2mL 6M的乙酸溶液,将混合液转移到反应釜中置于120℃烘箱中,反应3天;
(3)用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺作为洗涤剂依次对所得沉淀物进行洗涤,直至上层清液为无色,之后进行离心,然后将沉淀物置于四氢呋喃溶液中浸泡交换24h,用低沸点的四氢呋喃交换出高沸点的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,并且更充分地除去沉淀物所吸附的有机单体分子和杂质;最后将沉淀物置于真空冷冻干燥机中干燥24h后,经过研磨得到黑色固体COFThi-TFPB材料。
实施例3
(1)将64mg硫堇和57.6mg 1,3,5-三(对甲酰基苯基)苯溶解于3mL 1,4-二氧六环、均三甲苯和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(体积比为1:1:1)的混合溶剂中,并超声混合15min;
(2)向混合溶液中加入0.2mL 6M的乙酸溶液,将混合液转移到反应釜中置于150℃烘箱中,反应3天;
(3)用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺作为洗涤剂依次对所得沉淀物进行洗涤,直至上层清液为无色,之后进行离心,然后将沉淀物置于四氢呋喃溶液中浸泡交换24h,用低沸点的四氢呋喃交换出高沸点的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,并且更充分地除去沉淀物所吸附的有机单体分子和杂质;最后将沉淀物置于真空冷冻干燥机中干燥24h后,经过研磨得到黑色固体COFThi-TFPB材料。
实施例4
(1)将16.4mg COFThi-TFPB与10.5mg氨基功能化碳纳米管混合,经过研磨得到COFThi-TFPB-CNT复合材料;
(2)将1.0mg COFThi-TFPB-CNT分散在2mL超纯水中,取10μL上述分散液滴涂在已经抛光的玻碳电极表面构建一种比率电化学传感器用于检测抗坏血酸(AA)。
实施例5
(1)将8.62mg硫堇、7.8mg 1,3,5-三(对甲酰基苯基)苯和10.5mg碳纳米管(CNT)溶解于3mL 1,4-二氧六环、均三甲苯和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(体积比为1:1:1)的混合溶剂中,并超声混合15min;
(2)向混合溶液中加入0.2mL 6M的乙酸溶液,将混合液转移到反应釜中置于120℃烘箱中,反应3天;
(3)用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺作为洗涤剂依次对所得沉淀物进行洗涤,直至上层清液为无色,之后进行离心,然后将沉淀物置于四氢呋喃溶液中浸泡交换24h,用低沸点的四氢呋喃交换出高沸点的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,并且更充分地除去沉淀物所吸附的有机单体分子和杂质;最后将沉淀物置于真空冷冻干燥机中干燥24h后,经过研磨得到黑色固体COFThi-TFPB-CNT材料。将COFThi-TFPB-CNT滴涂在玻碳电极上构建传感器用于检测抗坏血酸(AA)。
对实施例1得到的COFThi-TFPB材料进行检测,COFThi-TFPB材料的透射电子显微镜图像(图1)表明它是一种薄膜状结构材料,而且从图中可以看出它的厚度很薄。COFThi-TFPB材料的X-射线衍射图谱(图2)中出现了很多衍射峰,表明它是一种晶体。图3是不同修饰电极在0.2M PBS(pH=7.0)中的循环伏安图,其中曲线a是TFPB/GCE的CV曲线图,曲线a上没有出现氧化还原峰;曲线b是Thi/GCE的CV曲线,曲线b上出现了一对的明显氧化还原峰;同时COFThi-TFPB/GCE(曲线c)的CV曲线上也出现了一对明显的氧化还原峰,而且这对峰出现的位置与Thi的一致,表明COFThi-TFPB材料的电活性来自于Thi的电活性中心。
对实施例4构建的传感器进行测试,图4表明该传感器可以很好地催化抗坏血酸,说明成功地利用COFThi-TFPB-CNT构建了一种重现性好、稳定性高的比率型电化学抗坏血酸传感器。
在实施例5中,在制备COFThi-TFPB材料时就将其负载到碳纳米管上,也可以得到COFThi-TFPB-CNT材料,用该COFThi-TFPB-CNT材料构建的传感器的性能与实施例4构建的传感器基本一致。

Claims (9)

1.一种电活性共价有机框架材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将硫堇和1,3,5-三(对甲酰基苯基)苯溶解于1,4-二氧六环、均三甲苯和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺的混合溶剂中,超声混合,得到混合溶液;
(2)向该混合溶液中加入乙酸溶液,再转移到反应釜中,在90~150℃条件下进行氨醛缩合反应;
(3)用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺作为洗涤剂对氨醛缩合反应的产物进行洗涤,之后进行离心,然后将得到的沉淀用四氢呋喃溶液浸泡一段时间,最后经真空冷冻干燥、研磨得到黑色固体,即电活性共价有机框架材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,硫堇在混合溶液中的浓度为13.5~20mg/mL,1,3,5-三(对甲酰基苯基)苯在混合溶液中的浓度为12.2~18mg/mL。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,1,4-二氧六环、均三甲苯和N,N-二甲基乙酰胺的体积比为1:1:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,乙酸溶液的浓度为6 M。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,进行氨醛缩合反应的时间为3天。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,用四氢呋喃浸泡的时间为1天。
7.根据权利要求1~6任一权利要求所述的方法得到的电活性共价有机框架材料。
8.根据权利要求7所述的电活性共价有机框架材料在电化学方面的用途。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于:所述的电活性共价有机框架材料用于构建电化学传感器。
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