CN110116384B

CN110116384B - Gear box bearing cover assembling tool and assembling method

Info

Publication number: CN110116384B
Application number: CN201910389484.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘峻亦; 朱崇飞; 曹锐; 王晓宁; 邓鸿剑; 牛富杰; 祝帅; 韩宁; 孟海威; 李晓
Original assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-10
Filing date: 2019-05-10
Publication date: 2021-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-10
Also published as: CN110116384A

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear box bearing cover assembling tool and a gear box bearing cover assembling method, wherein the tool comprises a supporting cylinder; the positioning guide sleeve is arranged at the upper part of the support cylinder, a conical guide surface with a large upper part and a small lower part is formed on the inner wall of the positioning guide sleeve, an inner support part and an outer support part are arranged on the upper end surface, and the outer support part is used for supporting a GW side bearing cover of a gear box of the axle during installation; the supporting piece is arranged on the inner supporting part of the positioning guide sleeve in a cushioning mode; and the supporting surface at the top of the supporting piece is higher than the supporting surface of the outer supporting part of the positioning guide sleeve so as to support a GW side oil retainer ring of the gear box of the axle during installation, so that after the axle is arranged in the tool, the GW side bearing inner ring and the outer ring of the gear box are not contacted. The tool can optimize the assembly process, reduce the skill level requirement and labor intensity of operators, avoid the collision and damage of the bearing of the gear box and reduce the quality risk.

Description

Gear box bearing cover assembling tool and assembling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of railway vehicles, in particular to a gearbox bearing cover assembling tool for an axle of a motor train unit. The invention also relates to a method for assembling the bearing cover of the gearbox on the axle by adopting the tool.

Background

For the bogie of the motor train unit mainly provided with the integral gearbox, a large shaft bearing of the bogie needs to be assembled according to corresponding requirements when a new product is manufactured and the service life of the bogie is up to the limit and needs to be updated.

In order to ensure the assembly quality of the bearing of the gear box, the bearing inner ring is assembled on a workpiece in a vertical state, the parallelism of the bearing and the clearance value between the bearing and other parts are ensured, and after the bearing inner ring is assembled, a bearing cover provided with a bearing outer ring is assembled continuously in the vertical state in order to prevent the bearing from being damaged. However, the assembly of the bearing cap directly on the axle has the following problems:

firstly, an axle (with a gear box) needs to be lifted by a crown block and falls on a bearing cover (namely a GW side bearing cover) on the side of a large axle wheel, and the axle cannot fall in a centering way due to the fact that the weight distribution of the gear box is uneven and the deflection condition exists in the lifting process.

Secondly, in the falling process of the axle (with the gear box), the contact between the inner ring of the bearing and the outer ring of the bearing is manually controlled and confirmed, no buffer measure exists, and the hard impact contact is easily caused, so that the bearing is collided.

Moreover, the whole assembly process has extremely high requirements on the skill level of lifting operators, high operation strength and low assembly efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a gearbox bearing cover assembling tool which can optimize an assembling process, reduce the skill level requirement and labor intensity of operators, avoid the collision and damage of a gearbox bearing and reduce the quality risk.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a gear box bearing cap assembling method for assembling a gear box bearing cap on an axle using the tool.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a gear box bearing cap assembling tool, including:

a support cylinder;

the positioning guide sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the upper part of the supporting cylinder; a conical guide surface with a large upper part and a small lower part is formed on the inner wall of the positioning guide sleeve so as to guide the axle to pass through the positioning guide sleeve along the vertical direction; the upper end face of the positioning guide sleeve is provided with an inner supporting part and an outer supporting part, and the outer supporting part is used for supporting a GW side bearing cover of a gear box of the axle during installation;

the supporting piece is arranged on the inner supporting part of the positioning guide sleeve in a cushioning mode; and the supporting surface at the top of the supporting piece is higher than the supporting surface of the outer supporting part of the positioning guide sleeve so as to support a GW side oil retainer ring of the gear box of the axle during installation, so that after the axle is arranged in the tool, the GW side bearing inner ring and the outer ring of the gear box are not contacted.

Preferably, the positioning guide sleeve is provided at an outer peripheral portion thereof with a stepped portion supported on an upper end surface of the support cylinder.

Preferably, the step part is provided with a groove or a boss, and the upper end surface of the support cylinder is provided with a corresponding boss or a corresponding groove.

Preferably, the inner supporting part of the positioning guide sleeve is provided with a positioning groove, and the supporting piece pad is arranged in the positioning groove.

Preferably, the support member is an annular member having a rectangular cross section, and has an inner diameter equal to or larger than the maximum inner diameter of the positioning guide sleeve and an outer diameter equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the lower support portion of the GW-side bearing cap.

Preferably, the upper end of the positioning guide sleeve is provided with a radially extending outer edge to form the outer support.

Preferably, a radial fit clearance is formed between the positioning guide sleeve and the support cylinder.

Preferably, the positioning guide sleeve is a high-strength aluminum positioning guide sleeve.

In order to achieve the above another object, the present invention provides a method for assembling a bearing cap of a gearbox, which adopts any one of the above assembling tools for a bearing cap of a gearbox to perform assembling, and comprises:

placing a GW side bearing cover of a gear box of the axle to an outer supporting part of the positioning guide sleeve to enable the GW side bearing cover to be coaxial with the positioning guide sleeve;

vertically installing an axle with a gear box into the positioning guide sleeve, vertically aligning by a conical guide surface of the positioning guide sleeve, and after a GW side oil retainer ring of the gear box of the axle is contacted with the support, not contacting the GW side bearing outer ring and the bearing inner ring;

assembling a mounting bolt, namely assembling the GW side bearing cover and a box body of the gear box in place, and enabling the GW side bearing inner ring to be in contact with a bearing outer ring;

assembling a GM side bearing cap of the gear box of the axle, assembling the GM side bearing cap and a box body of the gear box in place, and enabling an outer ring of the GM side bearing to be in contact with an inner ring of the bearing.

Further, still include:

and pulling up the box body of the gear box and the GW side bearing cover together so as to enable the GW side bearing inner ring to be in full contact with the bearing outer ring.

According to the assembling tool provided by the invention, the conical guide surface is arranged on the inner wall of the positioning guide sleeve, and during assembling, an axle with a gear box can be automatically aligned under the guide action of the conical guide surface by means of self gravity in the process of downwards placing the axle into the positioning guide sleeve without considering the state of lifting a workpiece, so that the requirements on the technical level of operators and the labor intensity are reduced, and the production efficiency is improved; and, owing to fill up at the location uide bushing and be equipped with support piece, this support piece can make the axletree after putting into the location uide bushing, and the GW side bearing inner race and the outer lane of its gear box do not take place the contact, avoids causing damage, colliding with to the bearing when the GW side bearing lid equipment that leads to because of gear box self weight factor to reduced the quality risk, ensured the equipment quality of gear box. In addition, the tool has good universality, can be applied to various types of bearings, and does not need to disassemble a bearing cover to confirm the assembled bearing state after assembly.

The assembling method provided by the invention adopts the tool to assemble the bearing cover of the gear box, and the tool has the technical effects, so the assembling method adopting the tool also has the corresponding technical effects.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a GW side bearing inner race and a bearing outer race of a gear case of an axle in a non-contact state after the axle is placed in a positioning guide sleeve;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a GW side bearing inner race in contact with a bearing outer race and a GM side bearing outer race in an embodiment after a GM side bearing cap of an axle is assembled with a housing of a gearbox in place;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a part of the assembly tool for the bearing cap of the gearbox shown in FIG. 1.

In the figure:

1. support cylinder 2, positioning guide sleeve 3, support 4, gear box 5, axle 6, conical guide surface 7, GW side bearing cover 8, GW side oil retainer 9, GW side bearing inner ring 10, GW side bearing outer ring 11, groove 12, boss 13, outer edge 14, mounting bolt 15, GM side bearing cover

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In this document, terms such as "upper, lower, left, right" and the like are established based on positional relationships shown in the drawings, and the corresponding positional relationships may vary depending on the drawings, and therefore, they are not to be construed as absolute limitations on the scope of protection; moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such elements.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic view of the assembly tool for the bearing cap of the gearbox shown in fig. 1.

As shown in the drawing, in one specific embodiment, the assembly tool for the bearing cover of the gearbox mainly comprises a support cylinder 1, a positioning guide sleeve 2 and a support piece 3.

When in use, the supporting cylinder 1 is in a vertical state, the axis of the supporting cylinder is vertical to the ground, the lower end of the supporting cylinder can be supported or connected on a flat and stable base platform or operating platform and is used for bearing the positioning guide sleeve 2, the supporting piece 3 and the axle 5 with the gear box 4, and the supporting cylinder 1 has a certain wall thickness to ensure that the supporting cylinder has enough structural strength due to the fact that the weight of the gear box 4 and the weight of the axle 5 are larger.

The positioning guide sleeve 2 is coaxially sleeved at the upper part of the support cylinder 1, and a conical guide surface 6 with a large upper part and a small lower part is formed on the inner wall of the upper end of the positioning guide sleeve to guide the axle 5 to pass through the positioning guide sleeve 2 along the vertical direction; the upper end face of the positioning guide sleeve 2 is provided with an inner support and an outer support for supporting a GW-side bearing cap 7 of the gear case 4, i.e., a large-axle wheel-side bearing cap, when mounted.

The support 3 is arranged in the inner support part of the positioning guide sleeve 2 in a cushioning mode, the overall weight of the gear box 4 and the axle 5 is guaranteed to be effectively supported according to the structural design of the GW side oil retainer ring 8, the supporting surface of the top of the support 3 is higher than the supporting surface of the outer supporting part of the positioning guide sleeve 2, the GW side oil retainer ring 8 of the gear box 4 is supported in the installation process, and after the axle 5 is arranged in the tool, the GW side bearing inner ring 9 of the gear box 4 is not in contact with the GW side bearing outer ring 10.

Because the inner wall of the positioning guide sleeve 2 is provided with the conical guide surface 6, during assembly, the axle 5 with the gear box 4 can be automatically aligned under the guiding action of the conical guide surface 6 by means of self gravity in the process of downwards placing the positioning guide sleeve 2, so that vertical descending is guaranteed, no special requirement is required for the skill of an operator, the lifting operator can directly carry out gear box lifting operation without considering the state of a lifted workpiece, the requirement on the technical level of the operator and the labor intensity are reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

The support piece 3 can ensure that the axle is not contacted with the GW side bearing inner ring 9 and the GW side bearing outer ring 10 after the axle is placed into the positioning guide sleeve 2, so that the bearing is prevented from being damaged and collided when the GW side bearing cover 7 caused by the self weight factor of the gear box 4 is assembled, the quality risk is reduced, and the assembling quality of the gear box 4 is ensured.

In at least one embodiment, the outer circumference of the positioning guide sleeve 2 is provided with a step part supported on the upper end surface of the support cylinder 1, the step part is provided with a groove 11, and the upper end surface of the support cylinder 1 is provided with a boss 12 corresponding to the groove 11, so that a more reliable nested connection structure is formed between the positioning guide sleeve 2 and the support cylinder 1.

Of course, as an improvement, a boss may be provided on the step portion of the positioning guide sleeve 2, and a groove corresponding to the boss may be provided on the upper end surface of the support cylinder 1, which also enables to form such a reliable axially nested connection structure.

In other embodiments, the inner supporting portion of the positioning guide sleeve 2 is provided with a positioning groove, and the supporting member 3 is padded in the positioning groove, so that the supporting member 3 can be quickly and reliably positioned when being placed on the positioning guide sleeve 2, and is coincident with the axis of the positioning guide sleeve 2.

Specifically, the support 3 may be an annular member having a rectangular cross section, and has an inner diameter equal to or larger than the maximum inner diameter of the positioning guide sleeve 2 and an outer diameter equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the lower support portion of the GW-side bearing cap 7, and when assembled, the support and the lower support portion of the GW-side bearing cap 7 may have a suitable small clearance therebetween. This structure ensures that the support 3 can support the GW side oil retainer ring 8 of the gear box without interfering with the axle 5 when the axle 5 is placed, and at the same time, when the GW side bearing cap 7 is placed on the outer support, the GW side bearing cap 7 can be positioned quickly and reliably by the engagement of the GW side bearing cap 7 and the support 3, so that the axis of the GW side bearing cap 7 substantially coincides with the axis of the axle 5, and the GW side gear box can be vertically and upwardly placed.

Of course, the supporting member 3 may also be a plurality of supporting blocks uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and these supporting blocks may be respectively padded with the positioning grooves corresponding to the positioning guide sleeves 2.

Further, in order to have a sufficient area for supporting the GW-side bearing cap 7 while not making the size of the main body portion of the positioning guide housing 2 excessively large, an outer edge 13 extending radially is provided at the upper end of the positioning guide housing 2 to form an outer support portion.

In other embodiments, in order to prevent the axle 5 from being damaged due to hard contact with the positioning guide sleeve 2, the positioning guide sleeve 2 may be made of a relatively soft metal material, such as a high-strength aluminum positioning guide sleeve, and the positioning guide sleeve 2 and the support cylinder 1 have a radial fit gap therebetween, so that an adjustable margin is provided therebetween.

The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited thereto, and on the basis of the above embodiments, various embodiments can be obtained by performing targeted adjustment according to actual needs. For example, the supporting member 3 and the positioning guide sleeve 2 may be an integrated structure, and compared with the integrated structure, the supporting member 3 of the split structure is easy to replace after being damaged, and the whole positioning guide sleeve 2 does not need to be replaced; or the supporting cylinder 1 and the positioning guide sleeve 2 are of an integrated structure, and the like. This is not illustrated here, since many implementations are possible.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a schematic structural view illustrating a GW side bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring of a gear box of an embodiment of the present invention are not in contact with each other after an axle is placed in a positioning guide sleeve; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the contact between the GW side bearing inner race and the bearing outer race and the contact between the GM side bearing outer race and the bearing inner race after the GM side bearing cap of the axle and the housing of the gear case are assembled in place, according to one embodiment.

As shown in the drawings, in a specific embodiment, the assembling method of the bearing cap of the gearbox provided by the invention adopts the assembling tool of the bearing cap of the gearbox for assembling, and comprises the following process steps:

first, the GW-side bearing cap 7 of the gear case 4 of the axle 5 is placed on the outer support portion of the positioning guide sleeve 2, and the GW-side bearing cap 7 is coaxial with the positioning guide sleeve 2.

Then, the entire axle 5 with the gear box 4 is vertically mounted in the aligning guide sleeve 3, and is vertically aligned by the tapered guide surface 6 of the aligning guide sleeve 2, and after the GW-side oil retainer ring 8 of the gear box 4 comes into contact with the stay 3, the GW-side bearing outer ring 10 does not come into contact with the GW-side bearing inner ring 9.

Next, the mounting bolts 14 of the GW-side bearing cap 7 are assembled as required, the GW-side bearing cap 7 and the housing of the gear case 4 are assembled in place, and the GW-side bearing inner race 9 is brought into contact with the GW-side bearing outer race 10.

Finally, assembling the GM side bearing cap 15 of the gear box 4, namely the large shaft motor side bearing cap, uniformly applying installation torsion along the diagonal direction, assembling the GM side bearing cap 15 and the box body of the gear box 4 in place, ensuring that the box body (with GW side bearing cap) of the gear box 4 is uniformly upward until the GM side bearing cap 15 is installed in place, and enabling the GM side bearing outer ring to be in contact with the bearing inner ring.

It can be seen that when the tool is used for assembling, the GW-side bearing cap 7 is not installed in place at one time, but is installed in two stages, in the initial installation stage, the GW-side bearing outer ring 10 is not in contact with the GW-side bearing inner ring 9, so that the GW-side bearing outer ring 10 is prevented from colliding with the GW-side bearing inner ring 9, in the subsequent assembly process, the GW-side bearing cap 15 is driven by the bolt to move upwards by screwing the installation bolt, and therefore the GW-side bearing outer ring 10 is gradually contacted with the GW-side bearing inner ring 9 until being completely matched in place.

Further, after the assembly is completed, the housing of the gear housing 4 and the GW-side bearing cap 7 can be pulled up together so that the GW-side bearing inner race 9 and the GW-side bearing outer race 10 are in sufficient contact. If there is an assembly margin, the mounting bolts of the GW-side bearing cap 7 and the GM-side bearing cap 15 can be further tightened to secure the mounting in place.

According to one aspect of the embodiment, the provided tool and the assembling method have good universality, all gear boxes for the motor train unit can be assembled by using the method, the weight and the state of an axle (with the gear box) are not required to be considered, the tool and the assembling method can be suitable for bearings in various forms, such as bearings for common motor train unit gear boxes, for example, tapered roller bearings, cylindrical roller bearings and the like, the assembling process can be used for assembling bearing covers (with bearing outer rings) of the gear boxes after the bearing inner rings are assembled to the gear boxes, the assembled bearing covers are not required to be disassembled to confirm the assembled bearing states after the assembly is completed, only the clearance value of the bearings of the gear boxes is required to be adjusted, and the assembling operation is more efficient.

The assembling tool and the assembling method for the bearing cover of the gear box provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a gear box bearing cap assembly fixture which characterized in that includes:

a support cylinder;

2. The assembly tool for the bearing cover of the gearbox as recited in claim 1, wherein a step portion supported on an upper end surface of the support cylinder is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the positioning guide sleeve.

3. The gearbox bearing cover assembling tool as recited in claim 2, wherein the step portion is provided with a groove or a boss, and the upper end surface of the support cylinder is provided with a corresponding boss or a corresponding groove.

4. The gearbox bearing cap assembly fixture of claim 1, wherein the inner support portion of the positioning guide sleeve is provided with a positioning groove, and the support piece is cushioned in the positioning groove.

5. The gearbox bearing cap assembly tooling of claim 4, wherein the support member is an annular member with a rectangular cross section, the inner diameter of the annular member is greater than or equal to the maximum inner diameter of the positioning guide sleeve, and the outer diameter of the annular member is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the lower support part of the GW side bearing cap.

6. The gearbox bearing cap assembly fixture of claim 1 wherein the upper end of the positioning guide sleeve is provided with a radially extending outer edge to form the outer support.

7. The gearbox bearing cap assembly tooling of claim 1 wherein a radial fit clearance is provided between the positioning guide sleeve and the support cylinder.

8. The gearbox bearing cap assembly tooling of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the positioning guide sleeve is a high-strength aluminum positioning guide sleeve.

9. A gearbox bearing cap assembling method, which adopts the gearbox bearing cap assembling tool of any one of the claims 1 to 8 to assemble, and comprises the following steps:

10. The gearbox bearing cap assembly method of claim 9, further comprising: