CN110116056B

CN110116056B - Cyclone dust collector

Info

Publication number: CN110116056B
Application number: CN201910451963.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄晨晖; 赖标贵; 陈东; 郑力玮; 陈毅
Original assignee: Fujian Longking Co Ltd.
Current assignee: Fujian Longking Co Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-05-28
Filing date: 2019-05-28
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-28
Also published as: CN110116056A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cyclone dust collector which comprises an exhaust pipe, an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in the outer cylinder, wherein the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder jointly enclose to form a negative pressure channel, the upper part of the inner cylinder is communicated with the exhaust pipe, and the lower part of the inner cylinder is communicated with the exhaust pipe through the negative pressure channel, so that air flow in the inner cylinder is discharged in two paths, the first path is directly upwards discharged through the exhaust pipe, and the second path of negative pressure channel enters the exhaust pipe to be discharged. When the cyclone dust collector works. The fine dust in the flue gas is under the action of centrifugal force and also under the action of negative pressure adsorption generated by the second path of airflow, so that the fine dust can be attached to the peripheral wall of the inner cylinder body and separated from the airflow, and therefore the collection efficiency of the cyclone dust collector on the fine dust is improved.

Description

Cyclone dust collector

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial dust removal, in particular to a cyclone dust collector.

Background

Cyclone dust collectors are common devices in industrial dust collection. The cyclone dust collector has higher dust collection efficiency, but the cyclone dust collector cannot effectively collect fine dust, and the application of the cyclone dust collector in industrial dust collection is greatly restricted along with the increasing strictness of environmental protection on the emission standard of the fine dust, so that the collection efficiency of the cyclone dust collector on the fine dust needs to be improved.

At present, the mainstream solution is to arrange a flow guide component, such as a flow guide plate or a flow guide groove, in a shell of the cyclone dust collector, and optimize a cyclone flow field in the shell by using the flow guide component to reduce the amount of fine dust carried in the cyclone dust collector during cyclone discharge. In this way, the ability to increase the efficiency of fine dust capture is limited, and the cyclone still cannot fully meet stringent emission standards.

In view of this, how to more effectively improve the fine dust collection efficiency of the cyclone dust collector is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a cyclone dust collector which comprises an exhaust pipe, an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in the outer cylinder, wherein the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder jointly enclose to form a negative pressure channel, the upper part of the inner cylinder is communicated with the exhaust pipe, the lower part of the inner cylinder is communicated with the exhaust pipe through the negative pressure channel, so that one part of air flow in the inner cylinder is directly exhausted through the exhaust pipe, and the other part of air flow is exhausted through the negative pressure channel and then the exhaust pipe.

Therefore, the air flow in the inner cylinder body can be discharged in two paths, the first path is directly upwards discharged through the exhaust pipe, and the second path of negative pressure channel enters the exhaust pipe to be discharged. When the cyclone dust collector works. The fine dust in the flue gas is under the action of centrifugal force and also under the action of negative pressure adsorption generated by the second path of airflow, so that the fine dust can be attached to the peripheral wall of the inner cylinder body and separated from the airflow, and therefore the collection efficiency of the cyclone dust collector on the fine dust is improved.

The inner cylinder body comprises an inner cylindrical tube and an inner conical tube arranged at the lower end of the inner cylindrical tube, and the inner cylindrical tube and the inner conical tube are respectively arranged in the outer cylindrical tube and the outer conical tube of the outer cylinder body; the upper end wall of the inner column casing and the upper end wall of the outer column casing are enclosed to form a first annular channel, the peripheral wall of the inner column casing and the peripheral wall of the outer column casing are enclosed to form a second annular channel, the peripheral wall of the inner cone casing and the peripheral wall of the outer cone casing are enclosed to form a third annular channel, and the first annular channel, the second annular channel and the third annular channel are sequentially communicated to form the negative pressure channel.

In the cyclone dust collector, the exhaust pipe penetrates through the upper end wall of the outer cylindrical shell and the upper end wall of the inner cylindrical shell and extends into the inner cylindrical shell, and the inner side of the first annular channel is communicated with the exhaust pipe.

In the cyclone dust collector, the negative pressure channel is internally provided with a regulating valve for regulating the flow of gas flowing into the exhaust pipe through the negative pressure channel.

In the cyclone dust collector, the regulating valve is arranged in the first annular channel and is arranged around the exhaust pipe.

According to the cyclone dust collector, the inner cone is made of the filter material, so that the negative pressure channel is communicated with the inner cone through the micropores of the filter material.

In the cyclone dust collector, the filter material is a hard wear-resistant filter material, and the hard wear-resistant filter material comprises a metal filter material, a ceramic filter material and the like.

The cyclone dust collector is further provided with an ash removal device, the ash removal device is arranged on the upper portion of the peripheral wall of the outer cone, the ash removal device comprises a plurality of ash removal units, and the ash removal units are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer cone.

In the cyclone dust collector, the lower end of the inner cone is supported on the peripheral wall of the outer cone.

In the cyclone dust collector, the ash removing device is a sound wave ash removing device or a vibration ash removing device.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a half sectional view of one embodiment of a cyclone dust collector provided in the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a view from the direction B-B of fig. 1.

The reference numerals in fig. 1 to 4 are explained as follows:

1, air inlet pipe;

2, exhausting the pipe;

3 outer cylinder, 31 outer column, 32 outer cone and 33 ash discharge cylinder;

4 inner cylinder body, 41 inner column cylinder and 42 inner cone cylinder;

5, adjusting a valve;

6 ash cleaning device, 61 ash cleaning unit;

a negative pressure passage, a1 first annular passage, a2 second annular passage, a3 third annular passage.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a half sectional view of an embodiment of a cyclone dust collector provided in the present invention; FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1; fig. 4 is a view from the direction B-B of fig. 1.

As shown in the figure, the cyclone dust collector comprises an air inlet pipe 1, an air outlet pipe 2, an outer cylinder 3 and an inner cylinder 4 arranged in the outer cylinder 3.

The upper peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 4 is provided with a through hole, and the air inlet pipe 1 penetrates through the peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 3 and is connected with the through hole, so that the upper part of the inner cylinder 4 is communicated with the air inlet pipe 1. The upper end wall of outer barrel 3 and the upper end wall of interior barrel 4 also all are equipped with the through-hole, and blast pipe 2 passes these two through-holes in proper order and stretches to the upper portion of interior barrel 4, makes the upper portion and the blast pipe 2 intercommunication of interior barrel 4.

And, the inner cylinder 4 and the outer cylinder 3 enclose together to form a negative pressure channel a.

Specifically, the inner cylinder 4 includes an inner cylinder 41 and an inner cylinder 42 disposed at the lower end of the inner cylinder 41, and the outer cylinder 3 includes an outer cylinder 31 and an outer cylinder 32 disposed at the lower end of the outer cylinder 31, wherein the inner cylinder 41 is disposed in the outer cylinder 31, and the inner cylinder 42 is disposed in the outer cylinder 32. The upper end wall of the inner cylinder 41 and the upper end wall of the outer cylinder 31 enclose to form a first annular channel a1, the peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 41 and the peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 31 enclose to form a second annular channel a2, the peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 42 and the peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 32 enclose to form a third annular channel a3, and the first annular channel a1, the second annular channel a2 and the third annular channel a3 are communicated in sequence from top to bottom to form a negative pressure channel a.

More specifically, the outer cylinder 3 further includes an ash discharge tube 33, the ash discharge tube 33 is disposed at the lower end of the outer cone 32, and in the figure, the ash discharge tube 33 is a cylindrical tube.

And, the lower part of the inner cylinder 4 communicates with the exhaust pipe 2 through a negative pressure passage a.

Specifically, the inside of the first annular channel a1 of the negative pressure channel a is communicated with the exhaust pipe 2, and the peripheral wall of the inner cone 42 is provided with an air hole, so that the lower part of the inner cylinder 4 is communicated with the third annular channel a3 of the negative pressure channel a through the air hole.

More specifically, the material of the inner cone 42 may be a filter material, so that air holes for air to pass through may be formed, and dust may be blocked from entering the negative pressure channel a. In specific implementation, the filter material is preferably a hard wear-resistant filter material so as to be capable of bearing the collision and friction of dust. The hard wear-resistant filter material comprises a metal filter material, a ceramic filter material and the like.

As set forth above, the air flow in the inner cylinder 4 can be discharged in two paths, the first path is directly discharged upwards through the exhaust pipe 2, the second path passes through the cylinder wall of the inner cone 42 to enter the third annular channel a3, and then enters the exhaust pipe 2 through the second annular channel a2 and the first annular channel a1 in sequence.

Analysis shows that the reason that the existing cyclone dust collector has low fine dust collection efficiency is as follows: the fine dust is light in weight and small in centrifugal force, and cannot be separated from the air flow under the centrifugal action, so that the fine dust enters the exhaust pipe 2 along with the air flow and is finally exhausted to the atmosphere.

According to the cyclone dust collector provided by the invention, the fine dust is subjected to centrifugal force and negative pressure adsorption generated by the second path of airflow, so that the fine dust can be attached to the peripheral wall of the inner cone 42 and separated from the airflow, and the fine dust collection efficiency of the cyclone dust collector is improved.

The working principle of the cyclone dust collector will be described in detail below.

When the dust-containing smoke purifying device works, dust-containing smoke enters the upper part of the inner cylinder body 4 (namely the inner cylinder 41) from the air inlet pipe 1, and rotates at a high speed along the peripheral wall in the inner cylinder 41, so that dust in the smoke is subjected to centrifugal action.

The coarse dust is thrown to the peripheral wall of the inner cylindrical shell 41 due to the large centrifugal force, collides with the peripheral wall, rubs against the peripheral wall, and then stalls, and the stalled coarse dust is separated from the air flow, slides down along the peripheral wall of the inner cylindrical shell 41, falls onto the peripheral wall of the inner cylindrical shell 42, and then enters the dust discharging tube 33 under the action of gravity to be discharged.

The fine dust is not thrown off the peripheral wall of the inner cylindrical tube 41 due to a small centrifugal force, and thus, the fine dust is spirally downward introduced into the inner cylindrical tube 42 along with the air flow, reaches the inner cylindrical tube 42, is adsorbed by the negative pressure while being subjected to the centrifugal force, is attached to the peripheral wall of the inner cylindrical tube 42, and is discharged into the dust discharge tube 33 by gravity.

Further, the cyclone is provided with a regulating valve 5, and the regulating valve 5 is arranged in the negative pressure channel a and used for regulating the air flow flowing into the exhaust pipe 2 through the negative pressure channel a.

Specifically, as shown in the drawing, the regulator valve 5 is provided in the first annular passage a1 of the negative pressure passage a, and is disposed around the exhaust pipe 2. Thus, the implementation is convenient.

The regulating valve 5 is arranged, so that on one hand, the size of the negative pressure can be regulated according to the thickness of dust, and the adsorption acting force is changed, so that the dust removal requirements under different working conditions are met; on the other hand, in the operation process, along with the attachment of the dust, the resistance borne by the airflow when the airflow passes through the peripheral wall of the inner cone 42 is gradually increased, and the airflow can be ensured to smoothly enter the negative pressure channel a by controlling the opening of the regulating valve 5, so that the continuous and effective adsorption of the fine dust can be ensured.

Further, this cyclone still is equipped with ash removal device 6, ash removal device 6 is established on the upper portion of outer cone cylinder 32, when starting ash removal device 6, outer cone cylinder 32 vibrates, drive interior cone cylinder 42 vibration, make and drop including attached to the dust on the cone cylinder 42 perisporium, like this, compare and only rely on gravity to make the dust drop, on the one hand, can guarantee the smooth discharge of dust, prevent the inside deposition of cyclone, on the other hand, can guarantee that the gas pocket on the perisporium of interior cone cylinder 42 is unobstructed, thereby ensure that the air current can get into the negative pressure passageway.

Specifically, the lower end of the inner cone 42 is supported on the peripheral wall of the outer cone 32, which facilitates the stabilization of the inner cone 42 and allows the vibration of the ash removal device 6 to be efficiently transmitted to the inner cone 42.

Specifically, the ash removal device 6 includes a plurality of ash removal units 61 (six ash removal units are provided in the drawing), and each ash removal unit 61 is uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the outer cone 32. Thus, the dust at various positions on the peripheral wall of the inner cone 42 can be easily removed by vibration.

In specific implementation, the sound wave dust cleaning device or the vibration dust cleaning device is preferably selected as the dust cleaning device 6, and the two dust cleaning devices are not easy to generate secondary dust raising, so that the dust removal efficiency of the cyclone dust collector is improved.

The cyclone dust collector provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cyclone dust collector comprises an exhaust pipe (2) and an outer cylinder (3), and is characterized by further comprising an inner cylinder (4) arranged in the outer cylinder (3), wherein the inner cylinder (4) and the outer cylinder (3) jointly enclose to form a negative pressure channel (a), the upper part of the inner cylinder (4) is communicated with the exhaust pipe (2), the lower part of the inner cylinder is communicated with the exhaust pipe (2) through the negative pressure channel (a), so that one part of air flow in the inner cylinder (4) is directly exhausted through the exhaust pipe (2), and the other part of air flow is exhausted through the negative pressure channel (a) and then the exhaust pipe (2);

the inner cylinder body (4) comprises an inner cylindrical tube (41) and an inner conical tube (42) arranged at the lower end of the inner cylindrical tube, and the inner cylindrical tube and the inner conical tube are respectively arranged in the outer cylindrical tube (31) and the outer conical tube (32) of the outer cylinder body (3); the upper end wall of the inner column casing (41) and the upper end wall of the outer column casing (31) are enclosed to form a first annular channel (a1), the peripheral wall of the inner column casing (41) and the peripheral wall of the outer column casing (31) are enclosed to form a second annular channel (a2), the peripheral wall of the inner cone casing (42) and the peripheral wall of the outer cone casing (32) are enclosed to form a third annular channel (a3), and the first annular channel (a1), the second annular channel (a2) and the third annular channel (a3) are communicated in sequence to form the negative pressure channel (a).

2. Cyclone dust collector in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust duct (2) protrudes into the inner cylinder (41) through the upper end wall of the outer cylinder (31) and the upper end wall of the inner cylinder (41), the inside of the first annular passage (a1) communicating with the exhaust duct (2).

3. Cyclone dust collector in accordance with claim 2, characterized in that a regulating valve (5) is arranged in the negative pressure channel (a) for regulating the air flow through the negative pressure channel (a) into the exhaust pipe (2).

4. A cyclone dust collector as claimed in claim 3, wherein said regulating valve (5) is provided in said first annular passage (a1), and said regulating valve (5) is provided around said exhaust duct (2).

5. The cyclone dust collector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inner cone (42) is made of a filter material, so that the negative pressure passage (a) is communicated with the inner cone (42) through the micropores of the filter material.

6. The cyclone dust collector as claimed in claim 5, wherein the filter material is a hard wear-resistant filter material, and the hard wear-resistant filter material comprises a metal filter material and a ceramic filter material.

7. The cyclone dust collector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cyclone dust collector is further provided with a dust cleaning device (6), the dust cleaning device (6) is arranged on the upper part of the peripheral wall of the outer cone cylinder (32), the dust cleaning device (6) comprises a plurality of dust cleaning units (61), and each dust cleaning unit (61) is uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer cone cylinder (32).

8. Cyclone dust collector in accordance with claim 7, characterized in that the lower end of the inner cone (42) is supported on the peripheral wall of the outer cone (32).

9. Cyclone dust collector according to claim 7, characterized in that the ash removal device (6) is a sonic ash removal device or a vibratory ash removal device.