CN110108206A - Library system and method is built in a kind of grading of steel scrap - Google Patents
Library system and method is built in a kind of grading of steel scrap Download PDFInfo
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- CN110108206A CN110108206A CN201910405037.5A CN201910405037A CN110108206A CN 110108206 A CN110108206 A CN 110108206A CN 201910405037 A CN201910405037 A CN 201910405037A CN 110108206 A CN110108206 A CN 110108206A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
- B66C13/16—Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/70—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light mechanically excited, e.g. triboluminescence
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of gradings of steel scrap to build library system and method, and system includes that steel scrap grading unit and steel scrap build library unit；Steel scrap grading unit includes single-beam crane A, suspender, unloads steel hole, sliding rail, pulley and mechanical arm；Building library unit includes single-beam crane B, magnechuck, stock ground, storage steel tank, on-ground weigher and computer；Steel scrap grading banking process includes that waste steel quality measurement, steel scrap cubing, steel scrap composition detection, segregation enter slot, establish steel scrap kind and quality database.The present invention determines the kind of steel scrap by quality acquisition, size estimation and the composition detection to steel scrap, then classification stacking is carried out to steel scrap using storage steel tank, and establish steel scrap database, for intelligent steel scrap cloth, the accuracy that steel scrap identification can be improved, reduces the scaling loss of alloying element, improves the recovery rate of steel scrap, the quality of steel is improved, smelting cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the classification of steel-making steel scrap, especially a kind of steel scrap grading is built library system and is carried out using the system
The method that library is built in steel scrap grading.
Background technique
Steel scrap refers to the ferrous waste that can't be product in steel plant's production process, and that scraps after set
Steel material standby, in component.The steel scrap total amount that the world generates every year at present be 3~400,000,000 tons, account for about steel total output 45~
50%, wherein 85~90% are used as steelmaking feed.In addition, utility value is high containing there are many expensive alloying elements in steel scrap.
The Land use systems of steel scrap are mainly added in traditional steel making working procedure such as electric furnace, converter at this stage, after fusing
Steel scrap carry out constituent adjustment, harmful element and independent elements are subjected to scaling loss and removal, make finished steel stable components, performance
Normally.However due to steel scrap without classification and reasonable cloth so that a large amount of useful alloy elements are burnt in steel scrap, without
It can recycle, improve smelting cost, furnace body is impaired to be increased.
Currently, the most of steel-making enterprises in China lack perfect steel scrap rating system, generallys use and manually give up into factory
Steel carries out experience grading, is affected by human factors, and grading accuracy is low, influences the whole economic efficiency of enterprise.
CN107323975A patent document discloses a kind of steel scrap transportation technology, and the technique is using classification stockpiling steel scrap, title
Amount steel scrap and conveying three steps of steel scrap complete the conveying of entire steel scrap.How this method rationally has steel scrap if not providing
Effect classification, and segregation is entire steel scrap using most important part, and the classification of science is only carried out to steel scrap, it could be accurate
The cloth of progress steel scrap enter furnace, improve the quality of steel.
107290033 A patent document of CN discloses a kind of metering method of steel scrap.This method is by being automatically performed steel scrap
Weighing instruction, and be sent to the car-mounted terminal of driving, operator is according to the various types of steel scrap situation of car-mounted terminal real-time display
Feeding operation is carried out, the accurate measurement classification of steel scrap is carried out.This method only builds library by the real time monitoring completion to waste steel quality,
Do not classify to the ingredient of steel scrap.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of gradings of steel scrap to build library system and method, above-mentioned of the existing technology to solve
Technical problem.
Library system is built in steel scrap grading provided by the invention, including steel scrap grading unit and steel scrap build library unit；
The steel scrap grading unit includes single-beam crane A, suspender, unloads steel hole, sliding rail, pulley and mechanical arm；The list
The suspension hook of beam crane A connects the suspender, and the suspender is made of grapple, weighing instrument and laser profile sensor, weighing instrument
Upper end connection single-beam crane A suspension hook, lower end connects four grapples, laser profile sensor is installed on grapple；The list
Beam crane A be across dumper parking stall and it is described unload between steel hole, suspender can be made on dumper parking stall and unload steel and cheat it
Between move back and forth；For a round sunk type slot hole, the sliding rail, which is located at, unloads steel hole outside in the steel hole of unloading；The mechanical arm packet
Include support rod, hinge, telescopic rod, angle grinder and reflection-type optical fibre sensor；The support rod is connected with telescopic rod by hinge, angle
Grinding machine and reflection-type optical fibre sensor are mounted on the end of telescopic rod, wherein reflection-type optical fibre sensor angle grinder just before
Side；The mechanical arm installation on the slide rail, makes it move on the slide rail by the pulley of bottom；
The library unit of building includes single-beam crane B, magnechuck, stock ground, storage steel tank, on-ground weigher and computer；The list
The suspension hook of beam crane B is connect with the magnechuck；The single-beam crane B is across the steel that unloads and cheats between stock ground,
Several storage steel tanks are equipped in the stock ground, the storage steel tank is round semi-underground container, stores up the bottom setting of steel tank describedly
Scale, the on-ground weigher are connected to a computer.
Preferably, the steel hole diameter that unloads is 8~10m, hole bottom is lower than ground 0.5m, and crater wall and hole bottom use steel plate
Package.
Preferably, the radius of the sliding rail is greater than the radius 0.5m for unloading steel hole.
Preferably, the diameter of the storage steel tank is 4~5m, slot bottom is lower than ground 0.5m.
Library system is built using the grading of above-mentioned steel scrap and carries out the method that library is built in steel scrap grading, includes the steps that following sequence:
Step 1, waste steel quality measurement
So that dumper is parked in specified parking stall, single-beam crane A is moved to the top of dumper, the grapple of suspender is held in the month
The entire bundle steel scrap on dumper is played, the data of measurement are passed to processor, measure the quality of the bundle steel scrap by weighing instrument；
Step 2, steel scrap cubing
Laser profile sensor gets a laser rays and meets at a profile to the surface of steel scrap, laser rays and steel scrap surface
Line, and put forward by CCD original part, the overall size of steel scrap is obtained by algorithm process, which is calculated by computer
Volume；
Step 3, steel scrap composition detection
In conjunction with the quality and volume of steel scrap, the density of steel scrap is calculated, it is fixed according to the density given up, light useless and vehicle is considered to be worth doing again
Adopted range (respectively >=7.00kg/m3, 5.50~7.00kg/m3With < 5.5kg/m3) preliminary classification is carried out to the bundle steel scrap；So
The bundle steel scrap for completing preliminary classification is held in the month to by the grapple of suspender the center for unloading steel tank afterwards, the support rod of mechanical arm is made to pass through cunning
The drive of wheel moves on the slide rail, and hinge starts to rotate, and adjustable spring starts to stretch, drive angle grinder steel scrap surface many places into
The random cutting polishing of row, generates spark, average every 0.16m2Surface area cutting polishing it is primary, the reflecting light positioned at front
Fiber sensor carries out A/D conversion to the luminous intensity that flame transmits, and forms one group of data, is carried out by computer processing system fine
Interval division judges its corresponding color according to the interval range that the light intensity of flame falls in division, and with the color pair that sets
Be compared than card, obtain alloying element type and content contained by steel scrap, thus to obtain the bundle steel scrap basis and be passed to
Computer, computer carry out parameter information mark to the bundle steel scrap according to the ingredient type of the bundle steel scrap；
Step 4, segregation enter slot
Single-beam crane B is moved to the top for unloading steel tank, is transported by the steel scrap that magnechuck picks up label parameters information
The parameter information of the storage steel tank and the bundle steel scrap is bound, is measured by the on-ground weigher in storage steel tank by a storage steel tank into stock ground
The qualitative data of steel scrap is updated the waste steel quality data of the storage steel tank, and input computer；
Step 5 establishes steel scrap kind and quality database
Above step is repeated, is graded and be classified into slot to lower a bundle of steel scrap；By all steel scraps by bundle carry out grading and
After being classified into slot, that is, build up the steel scrap kind and quality database in entire stock ground.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention determines the kind of steel scrap by quality acquisition, size estimation and the composition detection to steel scrap, then uses
Storage steel tank carries out classification stacking to steel scrap, and establishes steel scrap database, for intelligent steel scrap cloth, so that steel scrap mirror can be improved
Other accuracy reduces the scaling loss of alloying element, improves the recovery rate of steel scrap, improves the quality of steel, reduces smelting cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system flow chart that library system is built in steel scrap of the present invention grading；
Fig. 2 is the structure and layout schematic diagram that library system is built in steel scrap of the present invention grading；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of suspender in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of mechanical arm in Fig. 2.
In figure: 1- single-beam crane A, 2- suspender, 21- weighing instrument, 22- grapple, 23- laser profile sensor, 3- unload steel
Hole, 4- sliding rail, 5- pulley, 6- mechanical arm, 61- support rod, 62- hinge, 63- telescopic rod, 64- angle grinder, 65- reflection type optical fiber
Sensor, the stock ground 7- single-beam crane B, 8-, 9- store up steel tank, 10- on-ground weigher, 11- computer, 12- magnechuck.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with example with reference to the accompanying drawing.
The present embodiment is the example that certain steel mill builds that library system carries out steel scrap electric arc furnace smelting using steel scrap of the present invention grading.
As shown in Figure 1, it includes that steel scrap grading unit and steel scrap build library unit that library system is built in steel scrap grading, wherein steel scrap is graded
Unit includes the processes such as waste steel quality measurement, steel scrap cubing and steel scrap composition detection；It includes steel scrap point that steel scrap, which builds library unit,
Class enters slot, scrap box revenue and expenditure record and establishes the processes such as stock ground steel scrap database.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, steel scrap grading unit by single-beam crane A1, suspender 2, unload steel hole 3, sliding rail 4, pulley 5 and machine
Tool arm 6 forms；The suspension hook of the single-beam crane A connects the suspender, and the suspender is as shown in figure 3, by grapple 22, weighing instrument
21 and laser profile sensor 23 (using with the industrial TH2-L1600 type of boat) composition, the upper end of weighing instrument connect single-beam crane A
Suspension hook, lower end connects four grapples 22, laser profile sensor 23 is installed on grapple；The single-beam crane A is across fortune
Truck parking stall and it is described unload steel hole between, can make suspender dumper parking stall and unload steel hole between move back and forth；It is described to unload
Steel hole is a round sunk type slot hole, and the diameter for unloading steel hole is 8.5m, and hole bottom is lower than ground 0.5m, and crater wall and hole bottom use steel
Plate package；The sliding rail, which is located at, unloads steel hole outside, and the radius of sliding rail is greater than the radius 0.5m for unloading steel hole；The mechanical arm 6
As shown in figure 4, including support rod 61, hinge 62, telescopic rod 63, angle grinder 64 and reflection-type optical fibre sensor 65；The support
Bar is connected with telescopic rod by hinge, and angle grinder and reflection-type optical fibre sensor are mounted on the end of telescopic rod, wherein reflecting light
Fiber sensor is in the front of angle grinder；The mechanical arm installation on the slide rail, makes it in sliding rail by the pulley of bottom
Upper movement；
The library unit of building is by single-beam crane B7, magnechuck 12, stock ground 8, storage steel tank 9, on-ground weigher 10 and computer 11
Composition；The suspension hook of the single-beam crane B is connect with the magnechuck；The single-beam crane B is across the steel that unloads and cheats
Several storage steel tanks are equipped between stock ground, in the stock ground, the storage steel tank is round semi-underground container, a diameter of
4.2m stores up the slot bottom of steel tank lower than ground 0.5m, and the on-ground weigher is arranged in the bottom for storing up steel tank, and on-ground weigher is connected to a computer.
The steel mill builds library system using the grading of above-mentioned steel scrap and carries out steel scrap electric arc furnace smelting, sequentially includes the following steps:
Step 1, the steel scrap externally purchased transport specified parking stall by dumper, and single-beam crane A is moved to haul
Vehicle top.A bundle of steel scrap on truck is picked up by the grapple of suspender, the data of weighing instrument measurement are 3.923t, laser profile sensing
Device carries out laser rays surface sweeping to the bundle steel scrap, and estimation gained volume is 0.56m3, the density that processor can be calculated the steel scrap is
7.01kg/m3, it is respectively >=7.00kg/m according to the density range of definition given up, light useless and vehicle is considered to be worth doing again3, 5.50~7.00kg/m3
With < 5.5kg/m3, bundle steel scrap division can be attached most importance to useless.
Step 2, suspender grapple the bundle given up to hold in the month again unload steel tank center, angle grinder and reflection type optical fiber on mechanical arm
Sensor is cut into spark in the heavy useless surface any position, according to every 0.16m2Cutting primary rule in region is to steel scrap surface
Cutting is multiple.By reflection-type optical fibre sensor to the color analysis of the heavy useless cutting flame, comprehensive to obtain this heavy useless basic
Ingredient be using Fe element as matrix, there are alloying elements such as Mn, Cr, Ni, Ti, by composition information be labeled in this it is heavy it is useless on.
Step 3, single-beam crane B magnechuck pick up the bundle again give up transport the storage steel that the ingredient has been set in stock ground to
Slot is updated the qualitative data of the storage steel tank on-ground weigher, and incoming computer.
Step 4 repeats steps 1 and 2,3, is graded and be classified into slot to lower a bundle of steel scrap；All steel scraps are carried out by bundle
Slot is graded and be classified into, finally makes multiple scrap box in stock ground by alloy contained by the kinds such as useless, light useless and vehicle bits again and steel scrap
Element (including Mn, Cr, Ni, Ti, Si, Mo, V, Nb, Al and B etc.) classification, establish one more refine include steel scrap type,
The database of ingredient and quality.
Steel scrap electric arc furnace smelting is carried out using the steel scrap database, is operated according to the following steps:
1, it burdening calculation: according to the requirement of the molten steel composition to tapping, carries out into furnace burdening calculation；
2, intelligent feeding: dispensing requirements are inputted into steel scrap database, computer transfers dumper and transfers correspondence in scrap box
Steel scrap；
3, reasonable cloth: first giving up again, and rear light useless and vehicle bits reach fine and close under cloth in furnace, upper loose.
It builds library system using steel scrap grading and smelts and see with the technological parameter comparing result using the unfiled smelting of traditional steel scrap
Following table:
It smelts as can be seen from the data in the table, building library system using steel scrap of the present invention grading than using traditional steel scrap unfiled
It smelts, ton steel smelting cost can reduce by 31 yuan, and terminal ingredient hit rate can be improved 12.3%, and smelting cycle reduces 9min, steel scrap
Recovery rate improves 4.4%, and alloying element recovery rate improves 11.6%, and technical economic benefit is obvious.
Claims (5)
1. library system is built in a kind of steel scrap grading, including steel scrap grading unit and steel scrap build library unit；It is characterized by:
The steel scrap grading unit includes single-beam crane A (1), suspender (2), unloads steel hole (3), sliding rail (4), pulley (5) and machine
Tool arm (6)；The suspension hook of the single-beam crane A connects the suspender, and the suspender is by grapple (22), weighing instrument (21) and laser
Profile sensor (23) forms, the suspension hook of the upper end connection single-beam crane A of weighing instrument, four grapples of lower end connection, on grapple
Laser profile sensor is installed；The single-beam crane A be across dumper parking stall and it is described unload steel hole between, suspender can be made
Dumper parking stall and unload steel hole between move back and forth；A round sunk type slot hole, the sliding rail position is in the steel hole of unloading
Outside is cheated in unloading steel；The mechanical arm (6) includes support rod (61), hinge (62), telescopic rod (63), angle grinder (64) and reflection
Formula fibre optical sensor (65)；The support rod is connected with telescopic rod by hinge, and angle grinder and reflection-type optical fibre sensor are mounted on
The end of telescopic rod, wherein reflection-type optical fibre sensor is in the front of angle grinder；The mechanical arm installation on the slide rail, passes through
The pulley of bottom makes it move on the slide rail；
It is described build library unit include single-beam crane B (7), magnechuck (12), stock ground (8), storage steel tank (9), on-ground weigher (10) and
Computer (11)；The suspension hook of the single-beam crane B is connect with the magnechuck；The single-beam crane B is across described
It unloads between steel hole and stock ground, several storage steel tanks is equipped in the stock ground, the storage steel tank is round semi-underground container, stores up steel tank
Bottom the on-ground weigher is set, the on-ground weigher is connected to a computer.
2. library system is built in steel scrap according to claim 1 grading, it is characterised in that: it is described unload steel hole (3) diameter be 8~
10m, hole bottom are lower than ground 0.5m, and crater wall and hole bottom are wrapped up using steel plate.
3. library system is built in steel scrap grading according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the radius of the sliding rail (4) is greater than institute
State the radius 0.5m for unloading steel hole.
4. library system is built in steel scrap according to claim 1 grading, it is characterised in that: the diameter of storage steel tank (9) is 4~
5m, slot bottom are lower than ground 0.5m.
5. the grading of the steel scrap described in claim 1 builds library system and carries out the method that library is built in steel scrap grading, the step including following sequence
It is rapid:
Step 1, waste steel quality measurement
So that dumper is parked in specified parking stall, single-beam crane A is moved to the top of dumper, the grapple of suspender picks up fortune
The data of measurement are passed to processor, measure the quality of the bundle steel scrap by the entire bundle steel scrap on truck, weighing instrument；
Step 2, steel scrap cubing
Laser profile sensor gets a laser rays and meets at a contour line to the surface of steel scrap, laser rays and steel scrap surface,
And put forward by CCD original part, the overall size of steel scrap is obtained by algorithm process, and the body of the bundle steel scrap is calculated by computer
Product；
Step 3, steel scrap composition detection
In conjunction with the quality and volume of steel scrap, the density of steel scrap is calculated, model is defined according to the density given up, light useless and vehicle is considered to be worth doing again
It encloses and preliminary classification is carried out to the bundle steel scrap；Then the bundle steel scrap for completing preliminary classification is held in the month by the grapple of suspender and unloads steel tank
Center moves the support rod of mechanical arm on the slide rail by the drive of pulley, and hinge starts to rotate, and adjustable spring starts to stretch
Contracting drives angle grinder to carry out random cutting polishing in steel scrap surface many places, generates spark, average every 0.16m2Surface area cutting
Polishing is primary, and the reflection-type optical fibre sensor positioned at front carries out A/D conversion to the luminous intensity that flame transmits, and forms one group of number
According to carrying out fine interval division by computer processing system, judge it according to the interval range that the light intensity of flame falls in division
Corresponding color, and be compared with the color contrast card set, obtain alloying element type and content contained by steel scrap, thus
The basis of the bundle steel scrap and incoming computer are obtained, computer carries out the bundle steel scrap according to the ingredient type of the bundle steel scrap
Parameter information mark；
Step 4, segregation enter slot
Single-beam crane B is moved to the top for unloading steel tank, material is transported to by the steel scrap that magnechuck picks up label parameters information
The parameter information of the storage steel tank and the bundle steel scrap is bound, measures steel scrap by the on-ground weigher in storage steel tank by a storage steel tank in
Qualitative data, the waste steel quality data of the storage steel tank are updated, and input computer；
Step 5 establishes steel scrap kind and quality database
Above step is repeated, is graded and be classified into slot to lower a bundle of steel scrap；All steel scraps are graded and classified by bundle
After entering slot, that is, build up the steel scrap kind and quality database in entire stock ground.
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| CN201910405037.5A CN110108206B (en) | 2019-05-16 | 2019-05-16 | Scrap steel grading and database building system and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112348791A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-09 | 中冶赛迪重庆信息技术有限公司 | Intelligent scrap steel detecting and judging method, system, medium and terminal based on machine vision |
| CN113516637A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-19 | 深圳市小绿人网络信息技术有限公司 | Method and device for automatically identifying steel scrap types based on images |
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