CN110106885A - A kind of foundation ditch excavation method - Google Patents
A kind of foundation ditch excavation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110106885A CN110106885A CN201810597482.1A CN201810597482A CN110106885A CN 110106885 A CN110106885 A CN 110106885A CN 201810597482 A CN201810597482 A CN 201810597482A CN 110106885 A CN110106885 A CN 110106885A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- excavation method
- lower layer
- foundation ditch
- ditch excavation
- upper layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000425037 Toona sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nobelium Chemical compound [No] ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
Abstract
A kind of foundation ditch excavation method, the foundation pit (10) is located in the soil (20) at least with upper layer (30) and lower layer (40), the described method comprises the following steps: a) changing the mobility of the lower layer (40)；B) lower layer (40) after changing mobility is removed；C) upper layer (30) responds the removal of the lower layer (40) and the surface relative to the soil (20) moves down.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of land development, are related to a kind of foundation ditch excavation method, are especially suitable for but do not limit to
In with soft material such as mud/coarse sand/children's sand soil, and in particular to a kind of foundation pit carried out by removing soft material
Excavation method.
Background technique
Between past many decades, global population constantly expands, and housing supply does not often chase after the increased paces of population.
However, suitable soil must be found before building building, and first soil is pre-processed.In general, it is finding
After suitable soil, construction worker first successively moves the soft material of the hard material of the shallower position in soil and deep place
It removes, then hard material is backfilled in soil again.The process of these processes is quite complicated, and often by the shadow of weather
Ring, excavation of foundation pit and build building progress thus tied down.In addition, soil dug is to periphery during these
Air cause seriously to pollute, therefore the health care belt of neighbouring resident is threatened.
The present invention solves by providing the novel foundation ditch excavation method of one kind or at least mitigates the above problem.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, provided is a kind of foundation ditch excavation method, and the foundation pit (10), which is located at, at least has upper layer
(30) it and in the soil (20) of lower layer (40), the described method comprises the following steps:
A) change the mobility of the lower layer (40)；
B) lower layer (40) after changing mobility is removed；
C) upper layer (30) respond the removal of the lower layer (40) and relative to the surface of the soil (20) to moving down
It is dynamic.
Preferably, step a) is the following steps are included: a1) by liquid injection pipe (60) pass through the upper layer (30) be inserted into it is described under
In layer (40).
It is highly preferred that in step a1) afterwards the following steps are included: a2) drain pipe (70) are inserted into across the upper layer (30)
To in the lower layer (40).
Preferably, in step a2) afterwards the following steps are included: a3) liquid injection pipe (60) carries out the lower layer (40)
Fluid injection (80).
It is further preferred that in step a3) afterwards the following steps are included: a4) fluid injection (80) of the liquid injection pipe (60) with it is described
Lower layer (40) mixes.
It is further preferred that the fluid injection (80) of the liquid injection pipe (60) by high-pressure rotary-spray and the lower layer (40) mix for
Mixture (85).
Preferably, step b) is the following steps are included: b1) drain pipe (70) by the mixture (85) from the foundation pit
(10) it takes away.
It is highly preferred that the upper layer (30) passes through its own weight when the mixture (85) is pumped by force of gravity
Influence it is gradually sagging, the lower layer (40) is expelled via the upper layer (30) to generate pressure.
It is highly preferred that the upper layer (30) is before dropping to the lower layer (40) and being pumped after the lower layer (40) is pumped
Level.
Preferably, the following steps are included: e) being inserted into permanent Chinese toon base (52) in the foundation pit (10) range before step a)
And plastic pipe sieve (54).
Preferably, in step a2) afterwards the following steps are included: a21) in the foundation pit (10) volume edges insertion pattern foundation pit supporting structure
Stake and water-stop curtain (90).
It is highly preferred that in step a21) afterwards the following steps are included: a22) in the foundation pit range (10) dewatering well is provided outside
(92) and recharge well (94).
Preferably, in step a22) afterwards the following steps are included: a23) dewatering well (92) and the recharge well (94)
It draws water to the soil outside the foundation pit (10) range.
Preferably, in step c) afterwards the following steps are included: d1) it fills and leads up the upper layer (30) and moves down the sky released afterwards
Between.
Preferably, in step c) afterwards the following steps are included: d2) in the upper layer (30) move down the space released afterwards
Upper construction concrete top layer.
Preferably, the diameter of the drain pipe (70) is greater than the diameter of the liquid injection pipe (60).
Preferably, the upper layer (30) includes hard material.
Preferably, the lower layer (40) includes soft material.
Preferably, the liquid injection pipe (60) is water to the fluid injection of the lower layer (40).
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is more particularly described with reference to the drawings and by example, in which:
Fig. 1 is to show to open in being formed by upper layer and the soil for being formed by lower layer by soft material by hard material
Dig the foundation pit diagrammatic cross-section of foundation pit；
Fig. 2 a is to show liquid injection pipe passing through the foundation pit diagrammatic cross-section that upper layer is inserted into lower layer；
Fig. 2 b is the schematic cross-section along lines A-A in Fig. 2 a, shows the section of a plurality of liquid injection pipe；
Fig. 3 a is to show drain pipe passing through the foundation pit diagrammatic cross-section that upper layer is inserted into lower layer；
Fig. 3 b is the schematic cross-section along lines B-B in Fig. 3 a, shows the section of a plurality of liquid injection pipe and drain pipe；
Fig. 4 a is to show the foundation pit diagrammatic cross-section that foundation pit supporting pile and water-stop curtain are inserted into foundation pit volume edges；
Fig. 4 b be along lines C-C in Fig. 4 a schematic cross-section, show liquid injection pipe, drain pipe and foundation pit supporting pile and
The section of water-stop curtain；
Fig. 5 a is to show the foundation pit diagrammatic cross-section that precipitation and recharge well are inserted into foundation pit volume edges；
Fig. 5 b is the schematic cross-section along lines D-D in Fig. 5 a, shows liquid injection pipe, drain pipe, foundation pit supporting pile, stops
The section of water curtain, dewatering well and recharge well.
Fig. 6 is the foundation pit diagrammatic cross-section for showing precipitation and recharge well and the soil outside foundation pit range drawing water；
Fig. 7 is the foundation pit diagrammatic cross-section for showing liquid injection pipe and being supplied to fluid injection via upper layer in lower layer；
Fig. 8 is the foundation pit diagrammatic cross-section for showing fluid injection and mixing via high-pressure rotary-spray and lower layer；
Fig. 9 is the foundation pit diagrammatic cross-section for showing drain pipe and mixture being evacuated to surface via upper layer；And
Figure 10 is the foundation pit diagrammatic cross-section for showing upper layer and being moved downward to the original position of lower layer；
Specific embodiment
The purpose of the present invention is being to improve shortcoming in the prior art, a kind of novel excavation of foundation pit side is proposed
Method detaching soil by will be formed by lower layer by soft material in soil, will be formed by upper layer by hard material and dropping to
The original position of soft material, so that soil be made to become firm ground.This method can be not necessarily to the upper layer of hard material
It is first removed from soil and soft material is formed by lower layer's pumping under the premise of being backfilled in soil after soft material is pumped again
It walks, therefore manpower demand is greatly lowered, reduces building cost, shorten the construction time, to realize that investor and building use
The win-win situation of person.
Referring initially to soil profile figure shown in FIG. 1, the deeper position 50 of soil 20 is driven into permanent Chinese toon base 52 and sebific duct
Ground of the road sieve 54 as building, the shallower position of soil 20, which is sub-divided into, is formed by upper layer 30 by hard material and by becoming silted up
The soft materials such as mud/coarse sand/children's sand are formed by lower layer 40.The thickness on upper layer 30 is about 5 meters, and the thickness of lower layer 40 is then about
4.5 meters to 6.5 meters.These mud/coarse sand/children's sand are silt clay and are distributed in entire lower layer 40.In general, mud/
Coarse sand/children's sand be ash, grey black, stream modeling shape or local flow mould shape, the soft modeling shape in part, based on clay, powder, it is purer, contain less
Measure Extra-fine sand, part contains a small amount of humus.It is built before soil 20 by building, construction worker must be by these soft materials
Lower layer 40 removed from soil 20 or carry out treatment of soft foundation, otherwise will will appear after building completion and stay or seriously settle
Crisis.
The present invention proposes that a kind of foundation ditch excavation method, the foundation pit 10 are located at soil at least with upper layer 30 and lower layer 40
In 20, it the described method comprises the following steps:
A) change the mobility of the lower layer 40；
B) lower layer 40 after changing mobility is removed；
C) upper layer 30 responds the removal of the lower layer 40 and moves down relative to 20 surface of soil.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Fig. 2 a to Fig. 3 b, multiple groups liquid injection pipe 60 and drain pipe 70 are fifty-fifty
It is distributed in soil 20, and one end of liquid injection pipe 60 and drain pipe 70 passes through upper layer 30 in a manner of substantially balancing and is inserted into down
In layer 40, the other end is then respectively connected to the water pump positioned at 20 surface of soil.By liquid injection pipe 60 by fluid injection 80 via upper layer 30
It is injected into lower layer 40, makes the husky fluidisation of mud/rough sand/children in lower layer 40, that is, increase its mobility, and thereafter by drain
Pipe 70 takes the fluid injection 80 mixed with mud/coarse sand/children's sand via upper layer 30 away from lower layer 40, and upper layer 30 passes through its own weight
It is influenced by force of gravity gradually sagging, diluted lower layer 40 is expelled naturally or arranged via upper layer 30 to generate pressure
Out.Optionally, drain pipe 70 controls the discharge of mud/coarse sand/children's sand using valve living, thus more effectively by mud/coarse sand/children
Sand leaves foundation pit through fluid injection 80.
Preferably, the diameter of drain pipe 70 is greater than the diameter of liquid injection pipe 60, also, the diameter of drain pipe 70 is sufficient to accommodate silt
Mud/coarse sand/children's sand volume, to prevent drain pipe 70 when taking fluid injection 80 away by mud/coarse sand/children's sand plug plug.Illustratively,
Liquid injection pipe 60 is 25 microns to 50 micron diameters and 10 meters are long, drain pipe 70 is 100 microns long to 200 micron diameters and 10 meters.
It is highly preferred that each liquid injection pipe 60 is spaced about 28 meters, then about 28 meters of 70 spacing of each drain pipe.
As shown in Fig. 4 a to Fig. 6, before handling the soil 20 within the scope of foundation pit, base is inserted into foundation pit volume edges
Cheat support pile and water-stop curtain 90, then provided outside foundation pit range dewatering well 92 and recharge well 94 respectively to foundation pit range outside
Soil 22 carries out precipitation and draws water, to lower the humidity of the soil within the scope of foundation pit indirectly.Preferably, support pile and water-stop curtain
90 be 0.8 meter to 1 rice diameter.
The core technology of excavation method will be specifically described now.As shown in Figure 7 to 9, liquid injection pipe 60 is by water pump
Fluid injection 80 is supplied in lower layer 40 by driving via 60 part of liquid injection pipe for being inserted into upper layer 30.Preferably, fluid injection 80 be water or
Seawater, but can also non-exclusively include other liquid.Silt by the high-pressure rotary-spray of fluid injection 80, in fluid injection 80 and lower layer 40
Mud/coarse sand/children's sand facies are mixed into mixture 85.At the same time, the drain pipe 70 driven by water pump is by mixture 85 via insertion
Be evacuated to surface to 70 part of drain pipe on upper layer 30, as guidance by 30 own wt of upper layer, by force of gravity influenced by
It walks sagging, diluted lower layer 40 is expelled naturally or is discharged via upper layer 30 to generate pressure.
Connecting or disconnecting the power supply of water pump and after continual running in 24 hours, the mud in lower layer 40/thick
Sand/children's sand is gradually taken away by drain pipe 70 gradually reduces the level of lower layer 40, and upper layer 30 also by its own weight and by
Step moves down, and generates pressure and diluted lower layer 40 is expelled naturally or is discharged via upper layer 30.As shown in Figure 10, instantly
After all mud/coarse sand/children's sand in layer 40 are all taken away by drain pipe 70, upper layer 30 will be moved downward to the original position of lower layer 40
Set, i.e., lower layer 40 be pumped before level, and form the ground of consolidation.It, can be from being excavated after space is released on upper layer 30
The inside of foundation pit 10 provides multiple supports being laterally extended, such as the first supporting element 100 and the second supporting element 102 in Figure 10, from
And further consolidate foundation pit.Preferably, construction worker can further fill and lead up upper layer 30 and move down the space released afterwards, or
The spatially construction concrete top layer released, to form the ground of building.
Optionally, mud (silt slurry) mixture 85 after being added water can be by further progress sludge treatment for building
Purposes.During pumping out silt slurry, the sludge slurry of soil and input is stirred on the spot by force using blender, just transports outward building site.
In addition, the soil and sludge after stirring will be suitable for marine reclamation land if mud is excavated from the backfill of periphery original riverway sludge
Filler.
Advantageously, multiple benefits are given using foundation ditch excavation method disclosed in this invention, such as facilitates construction and applies
Work safety.Mud/coarse sand/children's sand is controlled using valve living by uninterrupted running in 24 hours and by drain pipe, present invention institute is public
The foundation ditch excavation method opened can shorten the construction period excavation of foundation pit about one month.Further, since without that will be formed by hard material
Upper layer 30 remove then be backfilled in foundation pit 10 again in advance, foundation ditch excavation method of the invention, which reduces, uses mechanical excavation, and
It is reduced by about 20% outward transport mud head (about 200,000m3Backfill) influence to the area Tui Tian.Meanwhile mud can be by Recycling in it
His land development purposes.Therefore, foundation ditch excavation method disclosed in this invention is very environmentally friendly, and directly or indirectly reduces pair
Pollution caused by air has good contribution to earth environment.
More advantageously, foundation ditch excavation method disclosed in this invention also has good sustainability.For example, recyclable mud
Soil is for other purposes outside land development, purposes including but not limited to (i) filtering mud and landwaste after filtering
It can be used as concrete, brick or the aggregate of building block or filler；And (ii) biological can be dropped using the microorganism such as bacterium, fungi
Solution is by the waste of hydrocarbon pollution at nontoxic residue for planting purposes.
It is envisioned that foundation ditch excavation method disclosed in this invention is especially suitable for, but not limited to the soil of reclaimation area
Earth.Foundation ditch excavation method disclosed in this invention has mud/coarse sand/children's sand with being also applied for other plot bottoms and silt depth is not
Same geology.
The present invention is only shown by embodiment, in the feelings for not departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in accessory claim
Under condition, those skilled in the art can carry out other various modifications and/or change to described embodiment.
Claims (19)
1. a kind of foundation ditch excavation method, the foundation pit (10) is located at soil (20) at least with upper layer (30) and lower layer (40)
In, it the described method comprises the following steps:
A) change the mobility of the lower layer (40)；
B) lower layer (40) after changing mobility is removed；
C) upper layer (30) responds the removal of the lower layer (40) and the surface relative to the soil (20) moves down.
2. foundation ditch excavation method as described in claim 1, wherein step a) the following steps are included:
A1 liquid injection pipe (60)) are passed through the upper layer (30) to be inserted into the lower layer (40).
3. foundation ditch excavation method as claimed in claim 2, wherein step a1) afterwards the following steps are included:
A2 drain pipe (70)) are passed through the upper layer (30) to be inserted into the lower layer (40).
4. foundation ditch excavation method as claimed in claim 3, wherein step a2) afterwards the following steps are included:
A3) liquid injection pipe (60) carries out fluid injection (80) to the lower layer (40).
5. foundation ditch excavation method as claimed in claim 4, wherein step a3) afterwards the following steps are included:
A4) fluid injection (80) of the liquid injection pipe (60) is mixed with the lower layer (40).
6. foundation ditch excavation method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the fluid injection (80) of the liquid injection pipe (60) passes through high-pressure rotary-spray
It mixes with the lower layer (40) as mixture (85).
7. the foundation ditch excavation method as described in claim 3 to 6 any claim, wherein step b) the following steps are included:
B1) drain pipe (70) takes the mixture (85) from the foundation pit (10) away.
8. foundation ditch excavation method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the upper layer (30) is when the mixture (85) is pumped
Influenced by its own weight by force of gravity it is gradually sagging, to generate pressure for the lower layer (40) via the upper layer
(30) it expels.
9. foundation ditch excavation method as claimed in claim 7, wherein under the upper layer (30) is after the lower layer (40) is pumped
It is down to the level before the lower layer (40) is pumped.
10. the foundation ditch excavation method as described in claim 1 to 6 any claim, wherein in step
A) before the following steps are included:
E) the permanent Chinese toon base (52) of insertion and plastic pipe sieve (54) in the foundation pit (10) range.
11. the foundation ditch excavation method as described in claim 3 to 6 any claim, step a2) afterwards the following steps are included:
A21 foundation pit supporting pile and water-stop curtain (90)) are inserted into the foundation pit (10) volume edges.
12. foundation ditch excavation method as claimed in claim 11, wherein step a21) afterwards the following steps are included:
A22) dewatering well (92) and recharge well (94) are provided outside in the foundation pit range (10).
13. foundation ditch excavation method as claimed in claim 12, wherein step a22) afterwards the following steps are included:
A23) dewatering well (92) and the recharge well (94) draw water to the soil outside the foundation pit (10) range.
14. the foundation ditch excavation method as described in claim 1 to 6 any claim, wherein in step c) afterwards including following step
It is rapid:
D1 it) fills and leads up the upper layer (30) and moves down the space released afterwards.
15. the foundation ditch excavation method as described in claim 1 to 6 any claim, wherein in step c) afterwards including following step
It is rapid:
D2 the spatially construction concrete top layer released afterwards) is moved down in the upper layer (30).
16. the foundation ditch excavation method as described in claim 3 to 6 any claim, wherein the diameter of the drain pipe (70)
Greater than the diameter of the liquid injection pipe (60).
17. the foundation ditch excavation method as described in claim 1 to 6 any claim, wherein the upper layer (30) includes hard
Material.
18. the foundation ditch excavation method as described in claim 1 to 6 any claim, wherein the lower layer (40) includes soft
Material.
19. the foundation ditch excavation method as described in claim 4 to 6 any claim, wherein the liquid injection pipe (60) is to described
The fluid injection of lower layer (40) is water.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HK18101660.7 | 2018-02-01 | ||
| HK18101660 | 2018-02-01 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110106885A true CN110106885A (en) | 2019-08-09 |
| CN110106885B CN110106885B (en) | 2022-11-01 |
Family
ID=67483256
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810597482.1A Active CN110106885B (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-11 | Foundation pit excavation method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110106885B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101691755A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-04-07 | 卢如年 | Method for constructing liquified discarded soil in construction of subaqueous structure |
| CN102605791A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-07-25 | 中建三局第三建设工程有限责任公司 | Method for excavating soil from soft soil foundation |
| CN102912797A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-02-06 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | Foundation pit supporting method with precipitation function |
| CN106480891A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-03-08 | 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 | A kind of shaft construction method |
-
2018
- 2018-06-11 CN CN201810597482.1A patent/CN110106885B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101691755A (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-04-07 | 卢如年 | Method for constructing liquified discarded soil in construction of subaqueous structure |
| CN102605791A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-07-25 | 中建三局第三建设工程有限责任公司 | Method for excavating soil from soft soil foundation |
| CN102912797A (en) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-02-06 | 中国建筑第六工程局有限公司 | Foundation pit supporting method with precipitation function |
| CN106480891A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-03-08 | 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 | A kind of shaft construction method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110106885B (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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